• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Switching reluctance machine. Following the proposed configuration for the magnetic circuit of the machine of the present invention, the amount of iron used for both the passive poles and for the active side coils with respect to other conventional distributions is reduced. In addition, a predominantly azimuthal form of the magnetic flux is created, which guarantees even for high iron saturation values, efficient force production for any relative position between the active and the passive side. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2728442A1
    申请号:ES201930462
    申请日:2019-05-27
    公开日:2019-10-24
    发明作者:Rodriguez Luis Garcia-Tabares；Pastor Marcos Lafoz；Aguado Marcos Blanco；Campos Diego Obradors；Miranda Jorge Jesus Torres；Lorenzo Francisco Enrique Garcia
    申请人:Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas CIEMAT；Wedge Global SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention can be included in the technical field of switched reluctance machines or SRM (acronym in English of "Switched Reluctance Machine"), which can function as a generator or motor, and in which there is an active side with winding coils around iron cores and a passive side that only has iron poles, both sides move relative to each other in a direction that is perpendicular to the plane that contains the magnetic flux lines.
    [0007]
    [0008] Specifically, the invention relates, according to a first object, to a switched reluctance machine where the magnetic circuit of each and every one of its phases is arranged according to a toroidal configuration, creating a magnetic flux in azimuthal direction. This invention is based on a case of switched reluctance machine without any restrictions on the number of coils and poles and focuses on the way in which the flow lines azimutically close the magnetic circuit.
    [0009]
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0011]
    [0012] Switched Reluctance Machines (SRM) are based on a mobile magnetic circuit consisting of coils with an iron core and iron poles that try to maximize or minimize their reluctance when the coils turn on and off sequentially.
    [0013]
    [0014] Conventional SRMs use prismatic or cylindrical configurations in which the magnetic flux is closed through an iron return yoke whose length varies depending on the selected geometry.
    [0015]
    [0016] The main characteristic, common to all existing geometries, is that the magnetic flux closes along the radial and axial directions of the machine and that its shape is basically determined by the geometry of the iron. This leads to the length of the iron needed in the magnetic circuit determines the total weight of the machine. On the other hand, It has the disadvantage that once the iron is saturated, the flow distribution is modified abruptly, resulting in a high dispersion flow, and as a consequence of a poor use of the current flowing through the coils in terms of generation of strength
    [0017]
    [0018] Until now, ways of reducing the length of the magnetic circuit have been studied in both prismatic and circular configurations to reduce the dispersion flow and its negative effect, but the force produced between both sides of the machine along the different relative positions between its two sides, it is strongly affected, being significantly reduced with respect to the theoretical maximum value.
    [0019]
    [0020] The so-called multitranslator arrangement is also known in the state of the art, which is an extension of the double-sided SRM machine into which intermediate active and passive elements (coils and poles) are introduced. Although the path length of the magnetic flux is minimized in the intermediate elements, it is necessary to use two return yokes to close the magnetic circuit, which increases the weight and the dispersion fluxes. In addition, since it is a prismatic geometry, it is not ideal when the space available in the application is circular, such as a power outlet for wave energy extraction applications, or more generically in circular actuators.
    [0021]
    [0022] The present invention provides a solution to both problems mentioned in the state of the art, due to the new configuration proposed for the arrangement of the magnetic circuit.
    [0023]
    [0024] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0025]
    [0026] The present invention solves the technical problem posed by a switched reluctance machine comprising:
    [0027] - at least one phase that in turn includes:
    [0028] or at least one coil wound around an iron core corresponding to the at least one coil, configured to act as the active side of the machine;
    [0029] - at least one iron structure configured to act as a passive side of the machine, which in turn comprises:
    [0030] or at least one iron pole;
    [0031] - at least one air gap disposed between the iron core corresponding to the at least one coil and the at least one iron pole of the at least one iron structure, where the assembly formed by the at least one coil wound around the core of corresponding iron, the at least one iron pole and the at least one air gap has a toroidal configuration.
    [0032]
    [0033] The reluctance machine thus configured can be used either as an engine or as a generator. The special arrangement of its components forming a toroidal configuration allows generating a magnetic flux with flow lines in an azimuthal direction, which is induced in the at least one coil wound around the iron core that closes through at least one pole of iron and the at least one air gap disposed between the iron core where the at least one coil and the at least one iron pole is wound.
    [0034]
    [0035] Optionally, the at least one coil wound around the corresponding iron core is movable with respect to the at least one iron pole in a direction perpendicular to a plane formed by the flow lines of the magnetic flux, understood by a direction perpendicular to a plane formed by the magnetic flux lines the axial direction defined by the axis of the toroidal configuration.
    [0036]
    [0037] Optionally, the at least one iron pole is movable with respect to the at least one coil wound around the corresponding iron core in a direction perpendicular to a plane formed by the flow lines of the magnetic flux, understood by a direction perpendicular to a plane formed by the magnetic flux lines the axial direction defined by the axis of the toroidal configuration.
    [0038]
    [0039] Thus configured, the switched reluctance machine of the present invention has a greater specific force (force per unit of mass and force per unit of current circulating in the coils) and is especially suitable for applications in which the space in which it is housed The machine has a circular geometry as is the case of wave energy converters in which a linear machine is disposed inside a cylindrical tube, as well as in cylindrical actuators or free piston generators.
    [0040]
    [0041] The principle of operation of switched reluctance machines (SMR), and in Concrete of the proposed invention is simple and is based on the sequential switching on and off of the at least one coil that forms the phase of the active side. In case the phase comprises more than one coil, all the coils of the phase turn on and off simultaneously. When the active side formed by the at least one coil or coils is activated, a magnetic flux is established that closes through the passive side of the at least one iron pole that forms the passive side of the machine. In the event that the phase comprises more than one iron pole, a magnetic flux is established that closes through all the iron poles that form the structure of the passive side of the machine facing the said phase.
    [0042]
    [0043] When the machine operates as a motor, one of the sides tries to move to minimize the reluctance of the magnetic circuit (aligning the coils of the active side and the iron poles of the passive side) so that a force is produced that is used to drive a mechanical load However, when the machine works as a generator, an external force moves one side with respect to the other, increasing reluctance and generating an electric power.
    [0044]
    [0045] Once the coils of the at least one phase are turned off, a new phase is activated and the process of alignment (motor) or misalignment (generator) of the iron poles with the coils starts again.
    [0046]
    [0047] The main advantage of using this type of configuration lies in the reduction of the length of the magnetic circuit and its consequent lower use of iron for both the iron poles and the coils, which for practical purposes will mean greater operating efficiency.
    [0048]
    [0049] The number of coils to be placed circumferentially in each phase of the present invention will be defined by the force necessary to develop, and by the space available in the switched reluctance machine (SRM).
    [0050]
    [0051] To operate the machine, a Power Electronics Converter is required, responsible for activating each phase in the corresponding order. The converter will be commanded by a position sensor that indicates which phase should be turned on and when. It will also include the corresponding control system to define the necessary current that must circulate in each phase.
    [0052] The proposed configuration has the following advantages:
    [0053] • The azimuthal arrangement of the different coils, iron poles and air gaps, minimizes the dispersion flow between the coils and the passive poles, making the machine more efficient in the production of force (optimizes the ratio Force produced / Feed current ). Reducing the dispersion flow makes the machine more efficient in terms of the force developed per unit of current in the coils.
    [0054]
    [0055] • The toroidal configuration of the machine makes it especially suitable for those applications where a circular geometry is required or this is more convenient, as is the case of Wave Energy Converters, Free Piston Generators or Circular Actuators.
    [0056]
    [0057] These advantages allow the switched reluctance machine of the present invention to be more compact and efficient, and especially suitable for applications where a linear displacement along the axis of a circular section tube is required.
    [0058]
    [0059] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0060]
    [0061] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    [0062]
    [0063] Figure 1.- Shows a perspective view of a phase of the switched reluctance machine according to the configuration proposed in the present invention.
    [0064]
    [0065] Figure 2.- Shows a perspective view of a particular embodiment of a reluctance machine switched with three phases and 8 coils per phase according to the present invention.
    [0066]
    [0067] Figure 3a. - It shows a particular case of design of the switched reluctance machine of the present invention, which comprises an external support of the passive poles and an internal support for the active coils.
    [0068] Figure 3b - It shows a particular case of design of the switched reluctance machine of the present invention, which comprises an internal support of the passive poles and an external support for the active coils.
    [0069]
    [0070] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0071]
    [0072] Next, a detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention is described with the aid of Figures 1 to 3 above.
    [0073]
    [0074] In general terms, each of the phases that constitute the active side of the machine comprises 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 coils (1, 2, 3) for this preferred embodiment of the invention, each of which It will be wound around an iron core (7). In addition, each structure that constitutes a part of the passive side of the machine comprises 4,6,8,10 12 or 24 poles (4, 5, 6) for this preferred embodiment of the invention, that is, the same as coils (1 , 2, 3) there are per phase. The number of phases and that of existing iron structures will depend on the design chosen, the configuration shown in this preferred embodiment of the invention not being limiting.
    [0075]
    [0076] In a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the reluctance machine comprises 3 phases, where preferably, each of the phases comprises 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 coils (1, 2, 3), each of the which will be wound around an iron core (7), and where the machine comprises at least three iron structures, each of which comprises the same number of iron poles (4, 5, 6) as coils (1 , 2, 3) have a phase, that is, preferably 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 respectively.
    [0077]
    [0078] The switched reluctance machine comprises in a preferred embodiment 3 phases, with 8 coils in each phase. There will therefore be a total of 24 coils (1, 2, 3), each of which will be wound around an iron core (7). On the other hand, on the passive side, it has a set of at least 3 iron structures, of which two of those iron structures are arranged in correspondence with the 3 phases, where each iron structure comprises eight iron poles (4, 5, 6), that is, a total of 16 iron poles (4, 5, 6), each air gap being arranged between the iron core (7) where each coil is wound (1, 2, 3 ) and each iron pole (4, 5, 6), when the corresponding iron pole (4, 5, 6) is faced with the iron core (7) where each coil is wound (1, 2, 3).
    [0079]
    [0080] In the case that the SRM Azimuthal machine according to figure 2 works as a motor, the eight iron poles (4) of the passive side shown on the bottom of the machine will be aligned with the eight coils (1) of the first phase in a certain moment as shown in figure 2. At that moment said phase is turned off while the eight coils (2) that constitute the second phase are turned on, so that the corresponding eight iron poles (5) of the passive side shown in the middle part of the machine are attracted to the coils (2) to minimize the reluctance of the circuit in the downward direction of the direction perpendicular (11) to the plane formed by the lines of the magnetic flux (12). Once the poles and coils are aligned, the second phase is turned off to start a new process by lighting the third phase to align the eight iron poles (6) of the passive side shown at the bottom of the machine with the 8 coils (3) corresponding to said third phase.
    [0081]
    [0082] In the case where the machine worked as a generator, from the position of figure 2, the first phase would be switched on and the 8 iron poles (4) shown at the bottom of the machine would begin to separate from the coils (1) of the first phase and moving towards the eight coils (2) corresponding to the second phase, in the upward direction of the direction perpendicular (11) to the plane formed by the lines of the magnetic flux (12), at the same time that the eight iron poles (5) shown in the middle part of the machine are directed to align with the eight coils (3) corresponding to the third phase. At this time the first phase is disconnected and the second phase is energized. The process would continue switching from the second phase to the third phase.
    [0083]
    [0084] As for the physical design, it should be noted that the passive and active sides will each be fixed with its own support ring (8, 9) as can be seen in Figures 3a and 3b that offer two particular embodiments of the machine. The machine comprises guiding means (not shown) configured to carry out the displacement of a support ring (8, 9) with respect to the other support ring (9, 8), which are not mechanically connected, so they will be assembled forming two independent and solidarity systems in turn. One of them (passive or active) will be established as a mobile side and another (active or passive) as a fixed side, but which is not established, and will be left at the mercy of the design conditions for each case.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Switching reluctance machine comprising:
    - at least one phase that in turn includes:
    or at least one coil (1, 2, 3) wound around an iron core (7) corresponding to the at least one coil, configured to act as the active side of the machine;
    - at least one iron structure configured to act as a passive side of the machine which in turn comprises:
    or at least one iron pole (4, 5, 6);
    - at least one air gap (10) disposed between the iron core (7) corresponding to the at least one coil (1, 2, 3) and the at least one iron pole (4, 5, 6); characterized in that the assembly formed by the at least one coil (1, 2, 3) wound around the corresponding iron core (7), the at least one iron pole (4, 5, 6) and the at least one air gap ( 10) has a toroidal configuration, so that it generates a magnetic flux with flow lines (12) in an azimuthal direction.
    [2]
    2. Switching reluctance machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the at least one coil (1,2, 3) wound around the corresponding iron core (7) is movable with respect to the at least one iron pole (4, 5, 6 ) in a direction perpendicular (11) to a plane formed the flow lines (12) of the magnetic flux.
    [3]
    3. Switching reluctance machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the at least one iron pole (4, 5, 6) is movable with respect to the at least one coil (1, 2, 3) wound around the iron core (7) corresponding in a direction perpendicular (11) to a plane formed by the flow lines (12) of the magnetic flux.
    [4]
    4. Switching reluctance machine according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the passive and active sides are fixed to a support ring (8, 9) respectively (8, 9).
    [5]
    5. Switching reluctance machine according to claim 4 characterized in that it comprises guiding means configured to carry out the displacement of a support ring (8, 9) with respect to the other support ring (9, 8).
    [6]
    6. Switching reluctance machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises 2 phases, preferably each of the phases comprising 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 coils (1,2, 3) , each of which will be wound around an iron core (7), and where the machine comprises the same number of iron poles (4, 5, 6) with respect to the coils ( 1, 2, 3) of a phase, that is, preferably 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 respectively.
    [7]
    7. Switching reluctance machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises 3 phases, preferably each of the phases comprising 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 coils (1,2, 3), each of which will be wound around an iron core (7), and where the machine comprises at least 2 iron structures with the same number of iron poles (4). , 5, 6) with respect to the coils (1, 2, 3) of a phase, that is, preferably 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 respectively.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US8723375B2|2014-05-13|Linear actuator
    CN103427585B|2016-12-28|Tubular linear motor
    EP2621066B1|2018-01-10|Linear actuator
    ES2728442A1|2019-10-24|SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MACHINE |
    JP2009189091A|2009-08-20|Linear actuator
    EP2712070B1|2020-07-01|Linear vernier motor
    JP2008048597A|2008-02-28|Linear vibrator
    JP5082241B2|2012-11-28|Linear motor and method of manufacturing stator included therein
    US8786142B2|2014-07-22|Linear motor
    US9748805B2|2017-08-29|Generator
    WO2009090744A1|2009-07-23|Three stable oscillating electromagnetic actuator
    JP2010110039A|2010-05-13|Direct-acting generator
    JP2014086206A|2014-05-12|Power switchgear and operation mechanism thereof
    US20160087515A1|2016-03-24|Linear-rotary actuator
    JP2013183511A|2013-09-12|Actuator
    US8378542B2|2013-02-19|Magnetic centre-finding device with no magnet on the rotor and with small air gap
    JP5345047B2|2013-11-20|Linear motor
    JP2005121801A|2005-05-12|Driving device, light quantity adjusting device and lens-driving device
    RU2361353C2|2009-07-10|Linear electric motor
    CN107615630B|2019-03-01|Armature core, armature and linear motor
    JP6340218B2|2018-06-06|Linear motor
    KR100932687B1|2009-12-21|High Torque Density Hybrid Stepping Motor
    US20200212787A1|2020-07-02|Tubular linear motor
    JP5097989B2|2012-12-12|Spiral motor and method for manufacturing spiral motor
    JP5171067B2|2013-03-27|Driving device and light amount adjusting device
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2020240064A1|2020-12-03|
    ES2728442B2|2020-09-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US7459822B1|2005-05-13|2008-12-02|Johnson Weston C|Rotating electric machine having switched or variable reluctance with flux transverse to the axis of rotation|
    CN206595784U|2017-04-01|2017-10-27|山东艾磁驱动科技有限公司|Stators for Switched Reluctance Motors skeleton|
    CN206894460U|2017-06-01|2018-01-16|深圳国安精密机电有限公司|Transverse flux switched reluctance motor|ES2810498A1|2020-11-04|2021-03-08|Centro De Investig Energeticas Medioambientales Y Tecnologicas Ciemat|ALTERNATIVE MOVEMENT SUPERCONDUCTIVE LINEAR ELECTRIC MACHINE |FR1592065A|1967-01-25|1970-05-11|
    US6359360B1|1996-11-20|2002-03-19|Iancu Lungu|Electronically switched two phases reluctance machine|
    DE19733726C2|1997-08-04|2000-10-05|Gruendl & Hoffmann|Reluctance motor, especially linear reluctance motor|
    US7573170B2|2005-10-05|2009-08-11|Novatorque, Inc.|Motor modules for linear and rotary motors|
    JP4576406B2|2006-08-09|2010-11-10|本田技研工業株式会社|Electric motor|
    EP3343733A4|2015-08-28|2018-08-22|Dai, Shanshan|Alternating hybrid excitation component and applications thereof in motor and transformer|
    法律状态:
    2019-10-24| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2728442 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20191024 |
    2020-09-28| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2728442 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20200928 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930462A|ES2728442B2|2019-05-27|2019-05-27|SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MACHINE|ES201930462A| ES2728442B2|2019-05-27|2019-05-27|SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MACHINE|
    PCT/ES2020/070348| WO2020240064A1|2019-05-27|2020-05-27|Switched reluctance machine|
    [返回顶部]