Procedure of construction of a concrete foundation for offshore structures type lattice, and foundat

专利摘要:
Procedure of construction of a concrete foundation for offshore structures lattice type and foundation built with this procedure, whose main purpose is the replacement of the piles used to anchor the lattice structures to the seabed (7), by concrete blocks on-site assembly (1) that confers the necessary stability to the lattice structure (2), eliminating all pilot work but without making any structural modification to said structure. These elements (1) will be positioned using templates (12). The advantages of this novel invention lie in the possibility of being installed on any type of terrain, making a perfect connection between seabed and foundation thanks to in-situ concreting, as well as its constructive ease, reduction of sound emissions and auxiliary means. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2725877A1
申请号:ES201830303
申请日:2018-03-27
公开日:2019-09-30
发明作者:Arenal Jokin Rico；Paz Sierra Jesús De；Velez Marina Llama；Gomez Silvia Suarez；Haro Javier Sanchez
申请人:Ingecid Investigacion y Desarrollo de Proyectos SL；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001]
[0002] Procedure of construction of a concrete foundation for offshore structures type lattice, and foundation built with this procedure.
[0003]
[0004] Object of the invention
[0005]
[0006] The object of the invention is a process for the construction of a concrete foundation capable of supporting an offshore structure of lattice type, suitable for fixing therein a wind turbine, a meteorological tower or a similar structure. Likewise, the foundation constructed with this procedure is an objective of the invention.
[0007]
[0008] Thus, the invention falls within the engineering and construction sector, in particular offshore wind turbine installations.
[0009]
[0010] Background of the invention
[0011]
[0012] The evolution of foundation structures for offshore wind turbines varies depending on the depth and material of the seabed.
[0013]
[0014] Starting with reduced depths, the most common solution is the use of gravity foundations. These foundations may or may not need skirts that separate the prefabricated gravity foundation from the seabed to subsequently fill that space with a mortar that provides a proper union of the seabed with the foundation.
[0015]
[0016] As the depth increases, it goes through different types of structures. One of them are lattice jackets or structures that, today, can be classified into two subcategories:
[0017]
[0018] - Piloted jackets: They are used in cases where the seabed has materials with little cohesion and easy to drive with piles that can reach 40 meters deep. Within this subcategory there are different pile driving procedures.
[0019] ■ Positioning of the lattice structure and rear vertical piloting (1 pile per leg or several).
[0020] ■ Positioning of the lattice structure and piloted inclined inside the legs of said structure.
[0021] ■ Implementation of the piloting by means of a template that ensures the correct position and subsequently anchoring the lattice structure by means of connecting elements that enter the piles mouth.
[0022]
[0023] - Jackets with suction bucket drawers. In the event that the material of the seabed has a good cohesion, this system is being used since it avoids piloting, which can lead to difficulties in driving these types of terrain.
[0024]
[0025] From the patent literature we highlight document CN 103469808, which describes a foundation for a marine wind turbine consisting of a top-open concrete drawer and provided with holes in which the legs of the lattice structure are connected. This drawer is manufactured in a dry factory and subsequently anchored and ballasted by filling it with sand or stones to increase its weight and prevent the wind turbine from overturning, and then the lattice structure and the wind generator are coupled thereon. . This drawer is only suitable to be placed on seabed with a horizontal and uniform surface, not being suitable to be fixed on a rocky, irregular or inclined bottom since it would not be seated on the bottom and could break or move involuntarily.
[0026]
[0027] Explanation of the invention.
[0028]
[0029] Thus, in general, at present all these lattice-like structures are cemented by piloting or suction drawers depending on the characteristics of the terrain. In places where the pile solution can be very expensive, as in the case we could find with the seabed in very dense or rocky materials, it is when the solution presented in this document has been raised.
[0030]
[0031] In some cases, piloting may have difficulties both technically and economically. The non-mitigation of noise emissions and the difficulty of piloting may make it necessary to carry out in-situ concrete foundations such as presented in this invention without having to eliminate or modify the lattice structure. This invention has been designed to use the same lattice structure, solving the problems of predecessor systems (rocky bottom and excess noise emissions in pile driving), and facilitates the construction process of lattice-type offshore structures
[0032]
[0033] The present invention is a constructive process, valid for all types of seabed materials, of lattice-like elements for offshore structures supported on the seabed by reinforced concrete blocks made on-site. Said concrete blocks allow the supports of the legs of the structure to be housed, which end in the same connection pieces as the joining pieces that are introduced at the upper end of the metal piles and which, in this case, are introduced into a circular hole made in the concrete block. Each of these blocks has the following structure:
[0034]
[0035] - A guide cone that is placed by means of a recoverable template on the seabed, and marks the precise location point of each of the connecting parts of the lattice structure to be supported.
[0036]
[0037] - A lost formwork that has an exterior wall that defines the configuration of the concrete block; an interior wall that forms the element in which the connection piece with the lattice structure is housed; and an intermediate structure that includes a series of structural reinforcements between both walls (interior and exterior) that keep them in a concentric position and that also constitutes the reinforcement of the concrete when it is embedded in it.
[0038]
[0039] - A concrete filling that occupies the space between both walls of the lost formwork, poured once the guide cone and the formwork have been positioned in their place of location on the seabed.
[0040]
[0041] The procedure for the construction of a concrete foundation for offshore structures, lattice type, successively comprises the following phases:
[0042]
[0043] a) A first funding phase of a recoverable workforce than in the points where the connection structure of the lattice structure is to be defined, it defines cylindrical holes that allow to house guide cones placed in the exact position that marks each of the support points of the lattice structure.
[0044]
[0045] b) Position said concrete guide cones, introduced in the cylindrical holes of the cited template that, as already indicated, define the exact position on the seabed where the concrete blocks are to be concreted so that they constitute the specific supports of the lattice structure, in coincidence with the supports available to it.
[0046]
[0047] Optionally, these first two phases, of anchoring of the template and positioning of the guide cones within the cylindrical gaps of said template can be carried out jointly; it would only be necessary to have a means of coupling said cones in each of the cylindrical and decoupling holes once deposited together on the seabed.
[0048]
[0049] c) The next phase consists in removing the cited template, leaving the guide cones in the desired position of the seabed.
[0050]
[0051] d) Position a lost formwork on the seabed, of the type described above, in each of the positions marked by each of the guide cones, which are inserted into the inner hollow of each formwork.
[0052]
[0053] e) Concrete under water all lost formwork, in the space between its outer wall and its inner wall, to form a concrete block of the size and shape defined by the formwork, defining a substantially cylindrical body with a central hole also cylindrical in which the connection structure of the lattice structure will be housed.
[0054]
[0055] f) Place each of the legs of the lattice structure introduced in the cylindrical holes made in each of the concrete blocks constructed; and finally,
[0056] g) Seal the connection piece and the foundation hole by injecting mortar into the space between the two elements.
[0057]
[0058] Optionally or when it is considered relevant, before placing the lattice structure by introducing the corresponding connection element with said structure into the gaps, a rethinking of the coordinates of the set of all the gaps must be made and, if necessary, adjust in some the position of the connecting parts of the legs of the structure.
[0059]
[0060] The advantages provided by this system and construction process are:
[0061]
[0062] - It is valid for any type of seabed terrain
[0063] - The connection between the seabed and the foundation is perfect thanks to in-situ concreting. This minimizes overturning turns and seats.
[0064] - Elimination of the drilling process, necessary in some types of piles. - On-site execution also simplifies construction processes and reduces the size of auxiliary media.
[0065] - Sound emissions are reduced by not drilling or drilling. - The possible seats are corrected in a definitive and simple way with the regulation of the connecting element that is introduced in the foundation hole, in the same way that it is resolved in the cases of foundations by piles.
[0066]
[0067] Brief description of the drawings
[0068]
[0069] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where illustrative and non-limiting nature has been represented. next:
[0070]
[0071] Figure 1.- Shows a perspective of a foundation that supports a lattice structure (2).
[0072] Figure 2.- Shows a front and plan view of the assembly once assembled.
[0073] Figure 3.- Shows a vertical section and a plan view of one of the elements (1) of invention.
[0074] Figure 4.- Shows a perspective view of one of the concrete blocks (1) which together constitute the foundation object of the invention.
[0075] Figure 5.- Shows a schematic image of the template (12).
[0076] Figures 6 and 7.- They show the process of positioning the template (12).
[0077] Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11.- They show the process of positioning the guide cones (6). Figures 12 and 13.- They show the process of removal of the template (12).
[0078] Figure 14.- Shows the final position of the guide cones (6).
[0079] Figures 15 and 16.- They show the process of positioning the formwork (14).
[0080] Figures 17 and 18.- Shows the concrete formwork process (14).
[0081] Figure 19.- Shows the process of positioning the structure (2) on the concrete blocks (1) that make up the foundation.
[0082] Figure 20.- Shows the sealing process of the connection element of the structure (2) with the foundation.
[0083]
[0084] Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
[0085]
[0086] The main object of the invention is the replacement of the piles with concrete blocks (1) reinforced on-site that confer the necessary stability to the lattice structure (2), eliminating all pilot work but without having to perform any modification in structure (2). The following is the step-by-step construction procedure:
[0087]
[0088] • A recoverable template (12) is used that presents, at the points where you want to fix the formwork (14), cylindrical elements (13) that allow the guiding cones (6) to be housed, which is anchored in the required position from a ship (B). See figures 5, 6 and 7.
[0089]
[0090] • Once the template (12) is anchored, the guide cones (6) are positioned (Fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11). The guide cones (6) are concrete elements that are suspended (strobe) from a mooring (A) located at the apex of the cone thanks to which they are anchored in a balanced way from the boat (B) until they are introduced into the cylindrical holes (13) of the template (12), thus fixing its exact position on the seabed (7).
[0091] • Once all the guide cones (6) have been anchored and positioned, the template (12) is removed from the ship (B), the cones (6) remaining in the desired position of the seabed (7). See figures 12, 13 and 14.
[0092]
[0093] • Once the template (12) has been removed, the formwork (14) begins to be positioned from the ship, so that each of the guiding cones (6) is inserted into the inner recess (5) of each of the formwork (14). See figures 15 and 16.
[0094]
[0095] The positioning of the formwork is carried out as just indicated with the help of the guiding cones (6) located before the formwork (14), on the seabed (7).
[0096]
[0097] Each of the formwork (14) that allows the construction of a concrete block (1) that constitutes the support of one of the connections (4) of the lattice structure (2) presents:
[0098]
[0099] - An outer wall (9), which defines the configuration of the concrete block (1). - An inner wall (8), which forms the recess (5) to subsequently accommodate the connection piece (4) of the lattice structure, which rests on the block (1) by means of a fixed support plate (3) in the connection element (4) at the convenient height.
[0100] - A structure (10) that includes a series of structural reinforcements between both walls (8) and (9) that keep them in a concentric position and that form the concrete reinforcement when it is embedded in it in the concreting phase.
[0101]
[0102] • Once the formwork is positioned, the concrete is concreted using the usual concrete concreting techniques, obtaining a concrete block (1) of the size and shape defined by the formwork (14), with a central hollow (5) cylindrical in where the connection piece (4) of the lattice structure (2) will be housed. This process is performed for all concrete blocks (1) where each of the legs of the structure (2) will rest. (Fig. 17)
[0103]
[0104] • After checking the layout of the coordinates of the set of all holes (5) for the connection element (4) with the structure (2), which constitute All the elements of the foundation that will house all the legs of the same, and prior to its placement, is carried out if necessary any adjustment in any of the connection pieces (4) of the legs of said structure (2) and proceed to the placement of each one of the legs of the lattice structure (2) introducing it in the cylindrical holes (5) made in each of the concrete blocks (1), leaving the support (3) of the structure (2) above the concrete block (1) and the structure (2) in a vertical position supported by the various blocks (1). See figure 19.
[0105]
[0106] • After checking the verticality of the entire lattice structure (2), the final sealing of the connecting piece (4) and the foundation hole (5) is carried out, injecting mortar into the free space that may remain between the inner wall (8), the connection piece (4) and the cone (6).

权利要求:
Claims (4)
[1]
1. - Procedure for the construction of a concrete foundation for offshore structures, lattice type, which successively comprises the following phases:
a) anchoring of a recoverable template (12) which, at the points where the connection structure (4) of the lattice structure (2) is to be housed, defines cylindrical gaps (13) that allow housing cones of guided (6);
b) positioning of guide cones (6), of concrete, introduced in the cylindrical holes (13) of the template (12), which define the exact position on the seabed (7) in which some have to be concreted blocks (1) that constitute the specific supports of the lattice structure (2);
c) removal of the template (12), leaving the cones (6) in the desired position of the seabed (7);
d) positioning of a formwork (14) on the seabed (7), in a position such that each of the guiding cones (6) is inserted into the inner recess (5) of each of the formwork (14) ;
e) concrete concreting of all formwork (14), in the space between an exterior wall (9) and an interior wall (8) thereof, to form a concrete block (1) of the size and shape defined by the formwork (14), with a cylindrical central hollow (5) where the connection structure (4) of the lattice structure (2) will be housed;
f) placing the lattice structure (2), introducing each of its connecting pieces (4) in the cylindrical holes (5) made in each of the concrete blocks (1); Y
g) sealing of the connection piece (4) and the foundation hole (5), injecting mortar into the space between the two elements.
[2]
2. - Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that optionally the first two phases of anchoring of the template (12) and positioning of the guide cones (6) within each of the cylindrical holes (13) of said template ( 12) are carried out jointly.
[3]
3. - Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that before placing the lattice structure (2) on the blocks of concrete (1), introducing in the holes (5) the corresponding connecting element (4) with the structure (2), a rethinking of the coordinates of the set of all the holes (5) is carried out and, if necessary, the adjustments in any of the connecting parts (4) of the legs of the structure (2).
[4]
4.- Concrete foundation for lattice-type offshore structures, comprising several independent reinforced concrete blocks (1), manufactured in situ on the seabed (7) in correspondence with the connections (4) existing at the support points of the lattice structure (2) to support, each of which comprises:
- a guide cone (6), which is placed by means of a recoverable template (12) on the seabed (7) marking the precise location point of each of the connection pieces (4) of the lattice structure (2) ) to endure;
- a lost formwork (14) having an outer wall (9), which defines the configuration of the concrete block (1); an inner wall (8), which forms the mouth in which the connection piece (4) of the lattice structure is housed; and a structure (10) that includes a series of structural reinforcements between both walls (8) and (9) that keep them in a concentric position and that assemble the concrete when embedded in it; Y
- a concrete filling that occupies the space between the walls (8) and (9) of the lost formwork (14), poured into this space once the guide cone (6) and the formwork (14) have been positioned in its place of location on the seabed (7).

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WO2019185963A1|2019-10-03|

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引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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US20170306583A1|2006-09-21|2017-10-26|Ahmed Phuly|Wind tower foundation|

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EP2559814A1|2011-08-15|2013-02-20|Gravitas Offshore Limited|Gravity foundation|

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EP2574698A1|2011-09-30|2013-04-03|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Method and device for driving a multiplicity of piles into a seabed|

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WO2015028020A1|2013-08-28|2015-03-05|Mhi Vestas Offshore Wind A/S|Method of installing a foundation for an offshore wind turbine and a template for use herein|

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US20150104259A1|2013-09-09|2015-04-16|Fontain M. Johnson|Method of construction, installation, and deployment of an offshore wind turbine on a concrete tension leg platform|

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EP2963183A1|2014-06-30|2016-01-06|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Offshore support structure, offshore tower installation with the offshore support structure and offshore wind power plant with the offshore tower installation|

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CN103469808B|2013-09-24|2015-12-30|广东明阳风电产业集团有限公司|The offshore wind turbine foundation that a kind of concrete caisson and jacket combine|

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优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ES201830303A|ES2725877B2|2018-03-27|2018-03-27|Procedure of construction of a concrete foundation for offshore structures type lattice, and foundation built with this procedure.|ES201830303A| ES2725877B2|2018-03-27|2018-03-27|Procedure of construction of a concrete foundation for offshore structures type lattice, and foundation built with this procedure.|

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US17/040,571| US20210071380A1|2018-03-27|2019-03-27|Method for building concrete foundations for lattice-type offshore structures, and foundations built using this method|

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PCT/ES2019/070203| WO2019185963A1|2018-03-27|2019-03-27|Method for building concrete foundations for lattice-type offshore structures, and foundations built using this method|

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EP19776076.2A| EP3779050A1|2018-03-27|2019-03-27|Method for building concrete foundations for lattice-type offshore structures, and foundations built using this method|