• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Modular installation for the concentration of aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation. The present invention relates to a modular installation for the concentration of aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation comprising at least one lower container with at least one process tank for storing the aqueous effluent to be treated and at least one recirculation pump of the aqueous effluent from the process tank to at least one evaporator module comprising a feed tank with a system suitable for the distribution of the aqueous effluent in the evaporator module, an exchange filling and a system suitable for air circulation in a transverse direction to the circulation of the effluent acknowledged through the exchange filling, where each evaporator module in turn comprises at least one outlet of the aqueous effluent after passing through the exchange filling, each outlet being connected to the process tank through at least one conduit of Union. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2724699A1
    申请号:ES201830225
    申请日:2018-03-08
    公开日:2019-09-13
    发明作者:Gonzalez Francisco Javier Ridao
    申请人:Gonzalez Francisco Javier Ridao；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] Technical sector
    [0005] The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, belongs to the field of the chemical industry and more particularly refers to a modular installation for the concentration of aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation. The process of concentration of aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation in the claimed installation is also the object of the invention.
    [0006]
    [0007] Background of the invention
    [0008] There is a wide diversity of industries that, for one reason or another, generate effluents that can be concentrated through the claimed installation, either directly or as a result of previous concentration treatments (such as osmosis processes). These include, for example, urban solid waste treatment centers and their associated landfills, seawater desalination plants, oil and gas drilling facilities, textile or food industry plants (production of Canned olives, salted fish, oils, hams or sausages, among other examples), power generation or tanning plants, as well as all those that treat high volumes of water (decalcification, demineralization, reverse osmosis, etc.) .
    [0009]
    [0010] These effluents, even when lacking in most cases of danger, must be properly managed, since their uncontrolled discharge can cause a high environmental impact. This management is not always simple and the most suitable option always depends on a long list of factors such as the flow rate, geographical location or composition of the effluent (presence or not of other pollutants), the availability of residual energy sources, etc.
    [0011]
    [0012] The difficulty, therefore, in the management of this type of waste means that its purification is not feasible through the use of conventional technologies such as physical-chemical purification or biological purification.
    [0013] At present, the facilities available have the following drawbacks: • in general, these are fixed installations, with the consequent cost associated with this type of installation and their low flexibility to adapt to the waste generation curve;
    [0014] • on the other hand, the technology used in the exchange filling is typical of the design of cooling towers, not being specifically developed for the evaporation of brines and the like;
    [0015] • in turn, once an installation has been commissioned for a certain production and availability of heat, it is not easy to expand it or modify or implement a system for using heat;
    [0016] • Finally, they are not technically and economically viable solutions for medium / low productions, leaving sectors with a significant need for solutions of this type (table olives, small or medium landfills, etc.).
    [0017]
    [0018] In this context, the present invention offers a solution to the problem that currently exists regarding the management of this type of waste by designing an installation based on atmospheric dehydration technology.
    [0019]
    [0020] Description of the invention
    [0021] Thus, a first modular object of the invention is a mobile modular installation for the concentration of aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation, characterized in that it comprises:
    [0022] (a) at least one module (or container) located at the bottom of the installation comprising:
    [0023] • at least one process tank for the storage of the aqueous effluent to be treated;
    [0024] • at least one recirculation pump of the aqueous effluent from the process tank to at least one evaporator module;
    [0025] (b) at least one evaporator module (or equipment) comprising:
    [0026] • an effluent feed tank from the process tank. Preferably, said feed tank will comprise a system suitable for the uniform distribution of the aqueous effluent in the evaporator module, as well as a safety overflow. Preferably, the system suitable for the distribution of the aqueous effluent will be a distributor plate located at the bottom of the feed tank. Along the distribution plate they will be located a series of holes in a preferably linear distribution. The thickness of the plate, as well as the diameter of the holes and their spacing, will allow defining the flow contributed to the exchange filling of the evaporator module;
    [0027] • an exchange filling located in the evaporator module consisting of evaporation meshes supported by a structure preferably composed of two frames (one fixed upper and one lower tensioner) that make up the framework in which the filler mesh is located. The profiles of the fabric can be very diverse, such as tubular (solid or hollow), oval, rectangular (as a plate), etc. In turn, the meshes used may be made of very different materials, with plastics being preferred for the economic advantages they confer. Regardless of the type of material used, the selected meshes will have the property of laterally distributing the liquid stream to be treated. In the case of using plastic meshes, the preferred geometry will be rhomboidal;
    [0028] • additionally the evaporator module will comprise a system suitable for the circulation of air in a transverse direction to the flow of the effluent stream through the exchange filling, said system being preferably a fan (which can be a driver at the entrance of the module evaporator or induced draft at its exit);
    [0029] additionally, each evaporator equipment will comprise at least one outlet of the aqueous effluent after passing through the exchange filling, each outlet being connected to the process tank through at least one junction conduit. In this way, the aqueous effluent can be recirculated to the evaporator module as many times as necessary until the total solids concentration value that is desired is achieved (in order to determine it, the system may comprise the appropriate means for measuring the concentration of of said total solids in the aqueous effluent).
    [0030]
    [0031] In a particular embodiment of the invention the installation may comprise up to six evaporator modules for each lower container.
    [0032]
    [0033] Additionally, the installation will comprise the pumps necessary to drive the system currents. In turn, it will also preferably comprise the probes, valves, sensors and, in general, the systems necessary for process control.
    [0034] In case the installation comprises two or more evaporator modules, the lower container will also comprise at least one system suitable for the distribution of the aqueous stream by the different evaporator modules of the installation.
    [0035]
    [0036] Additionally, the installation may also comprise at least one heat exchanger to heat the aqueous effluent to be treated. As heating medium, hot water from a hot water generating equipment (external or not to the system) may be used. The use of hot water will be especially advantageous to improve the treatment capacity of the installation and its efficiency. Preferably, the hot water may come from a waste heat utilization system generated in other processes, from a cogeneration process with electricity generation engines, biogas boilers, biomass, etc.
    [0037]
    [0038] Also, in particular embodiments of the invention the evaporator module will comprise at least one filter and an air heating system preferably located at the inlet of each evaporator module.
    [0039]
    [0040] On the other hand, the support of the evaporation meshes will preferably comprise a cleaning system constituted by a conduit suitable for the distribution of a cleaning liquid through them, which can be added with suitable products to favor the cleaning operation. . The distribution of the cleaning product will preferably be carried out under pressure, achieving a homogeneous distribution and, therefore, an effective cleaning of the evaporation meshes.
    [0041]
    [0042] In general, the main advantages of the installation with respect to other alternative systems of the prior art are the following:
    [0043] • In the first place, it is a mobile installation, therefore, in addition to the consequent cost savings, it has greater flexibility in adapting to the particular treatment needs of the waste generated;
    [0044] • on the other hand, it is modularly scalable, so it adapts without difficulty to the particular production needs;
    [0045] • It also adapts to the availability of heat through the use of optional components for heat exchange;
    [0046] • in turn, is capable of operating against the curve of waste generation and / or against volumes of accumulation in short periods, which allows to solve the problem associated with the treatment of waste without the need to invest in a new installation.
    [0047]
    [0048] The process for concentrating liquid effluents through the installation described above is also an object of the invention.
    [0049]
    [0050] In particular, the process will be especially suitable for treating aqueous effluents of high organic load and / or salinity. However, being an evaporative (physical) process, the liquid effluent to be treated will not be limiting, so that the process will be suitable for treating all types of liquid effluents, regardless of the organic load and / or salinity they present. Thus, for example, the process will be suitable for treating landfill leachates, olive dressing brine or apricots, among many other examples (as described above). In particular examples carried out with seawater, volume reductions of up to 90% have been achieved and in effluent treatments with organic load (bottom effluents from steam distillation column distillation of the aroma industry) volume reductions of up to 75% have been achieved. For example, based on effluents of 160,000 COD and 7% of total solids, concentrates with a COD greater than 400,000 and total solids above 28% have been reached.
    [0051]
    [0052] In this way, the process can include the following stages:
    [0053] (a) feed the aqueous effluent to be treated to the process tank located in the lower container until a certain level is reached (previously established but not limiting for the process), at which time a specific flow of the effluent is pumped into the module or evaporator modules of the installation;
    [0054] (b) then, the aqueous effluent is distributed by a distribution system through the evaporator equipment or equipment located in the evaporator modules. Preferably, the distribution will be a "cascade" mode, uniformly and continuously along the surface of the meshes that constitute the evaporator exchange pad. Since the meshes are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the evaporator, once these are moistened throughout their surface (which is favored by the great surface tension caused by the geometry of the meshes) air is circulated in a transverse direction, preferably driven by a drive system such as a fan. The air, as it passes through the landfill and given the intimate contact with the aqueous effluent, is loaded with moisture, leaving the evaporator equipment saturated. The amount of moisture that the air will be able to retain will depend on the temperature and humidity at which it enters the system. On the other hand, the aqueous effluent at the exit of the evaporator equipment will be sent to the process tank, from where it can be recirculated to be subjected to the process again. In general, the process will be repeated as many times as necessary until the desired level of total solids concentration (salts and / or organic matter) is reached in the effluent. Said concentration level can be detected by different means, such as by density probes (in the case of organic matter) or conductivity probes (in the case of salts). Once the desired level of concentration has been reached, the aqueous effluent will be evacuated, and can be sent to at least one external storage tank.
    [0055]
    [0056] The fact that the system operates by gravity is an economic advantage in terms of reducing the costs required for the recirculation of the aqueous effluent to be treated in the system, said advantage being especially important given the high volumes of recirculation in the system.
    [0057]
    [0058] In a particular embodiment in which the installation does not have an additional heat input system, the equipment will begin operating once the minimum environmental conditions for its operation are achieved. In general, the higher the air temperature (for a given absolute humidity "w" thereof), the greater its moisture absorption capacity will be for the same flow rate. Therefore, preferably, the system will comprise at least one system to increase the temperature of the air before entering the evaporator equipment, it must be taken into account that as the air absorbs moisture it is cooling and, the lower its temperature, the lower its water absorption capacity. , by introducing heat to the system, it is about compensating the cooling of the air produced by the evaporation through the exchange filling of the evaporator equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.
    [0059]
    [0060] In a particular embodiment in which the installation has an additional heat supply system, a setpoint temperature of the evaporating equipment air outlet current will be established depending on the available thermal power. In this way, a distribution of the available thermal power will be carried out so that increase the temperature of the inlet air to the evaporator equipment to the setpoint temperature (generally below 50 ° C and, preferably, approximately 40 ° C). The remaining thermal power available may be used to increase the temperature of the aqueous effluent that is fed to the evaporator equipment. This heating of the aqueous effluent may be carried out in at least one heat exchanger preferably located in the module (or container) located in the lower part of the installation.
    [0061]
    [0062] In particular embodiments of the invention, depending on the type of aqueous effluent to be treated, the process may additionally comprise a subsequent stage of treating moist air prior to its emission into the atmosphere.
    [0063]
    [0064] Finally, the use of the aqueous effluent distribution system and the exchange filling described above in cooling towers is likewise object of the invention.
    [0065]
    [0066] Figures
    [0067] • Figure 1 shows a particular embodiment of the distributor plate located in the evaporator equipment for the distribution of the aqueous effluent fed to said equipment;
    [0068] • Figure 2 shows a particular embodiment of the support structure of the exchange filling located in the evaporator module consisting of two frames (one upper and one lower) that form the framework in which the filler mesh is located;
    [0069] • Figure 3 shows a particular embodiment of the filler mesh used for evaporation of the aqueous effluent with the peculiarity of allowing the lateral distribution of said effluent. In particular, in the embodiment shown in said figure 3 the mesh has a rhomboidal geometry;
    [0070] • Figure 4 shows a particular embodiment of the cleaning system used for cleaning the meshes. In particular, the upper frame of the support structure itself contributes to the distribution of the washing liquid through the hollow ducts that configure it, which have a series of holes in its lower edge for the uniform distribution of the washing liquid to through the filler meshes;
    [0071] • Figure 5 shows a particular embodiment of the invention composed of a lower container and two evaporator modules. The list of references is as follows:
    [0072] 1. Bottom container
    [0073] 2. Process tank
    [0074] 3. Recirculation pump
    [0075] 4. Evaporator module
    [0076] 5. Device or battery for air heating
    [0077] 6. Food tank
    [0078] 7. Exchange stuffing
    [0079] 8. Heat exchanger
    [0080] 9. Hot water generator
    [0081] 10. Induced draft fan
    [0082]
    [0083] Currents
    [0084] to. Feed stream of the effluent to be treated
    [0085] b. Concentrated current discharge
    [0086] C. Air inlet
    [0087] d. Saturated Air Stream
    [0088] and. Recirculation of the aqueous effluent (from the process tank to the evaporator module)
    [0089] F. Return of the aqueous effluent (from the evaporator module to the process tank)
    [0090]
    [0091] Particular Embodiment of the Invention
    [0092] A preferred embodiment of the invention will be described below, based on the representation shown in Figure 5.
    [0093]
    [0094] As shown in said Figure 5, the feed stream of the aqueous effluent to be treated (a) is fed to the process tank (2) located in the lower container (1) of the installation, where it is stored. From there, once the process begins, the aqueous effluent is pumped by two independent streams through the recirculation pumps (3) to the evaporator modules (4). Prior to its introduction to the evaporator modules (4), each stream of the aqueous effluent to be treated passes through a heat exchanger (8) where it is heated to a temperature preferably below 50 ° C and, in general, approximately 40 ° C. For this it is possible to use a hot water generator (9) external to the system or any other system suitable for this purpose.
    [0095]
    [0096] In particular, in the particular embodiment shown in Figure 5, the entry of each effluent stream accused of each evaporator module (4) is carried out through a feed tank (6) located at the top of each evaporator module (4). Preferably, said feed tank (6) will comprise a system suitable for the distribution of the aqueous effluent in the exchange filling (7) of each evaporator module (4). Said distribution system may consist of a distributor plate with a series of holes through which the aqueous effluent is introduced and distributed uniformly in each exchange filling (7). The aqueous effluent then passes through said exchange filling (7), while circulating an air stream (c) in a transverse direction to the circulation of the aqueous effluent, after its previous passage through the device for air heating (5). Thus, the air outlet current of each evaporator module (4), at the opposite end of the inlet, will be a saturated air stream (d), generally at a temperature below its temperature at the inlet of the evaporator module (4), except in the embodiments in which the temperature of the aqueous effluent fed to the system makes it possible to compensate for the cooling of the air during its passage through the exchange filling (7).
    [0097]
    [0098] Finally, the aqueous effluent after its exit from each of the evaporator modules (4) will be reintroduced into the process tank (2), from where it can be recirculated to be subjected to new evaporation processes until the desired concentration is reached of the effluent finally discharged to the outside of the system. During the whole process a certain flow of fresh effluent may be fed to the process tank (2) if deemed necessary to compensate for the loss of volume during the evaporation process.
    [0099]
    [0100] Through the process described, volume reductions of between 70 and 95% have been achieved, demonstrating its effectiveness.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. A modular installation for the concentration of aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation, characterized in that it comprises:
    (a) at least one lower container (1) comprising:
    • at least one process tank (2) for storing the aqueous effluent to be treated;
    • at least one recirculation pump (3) of the aqueous effluent from the process tank (2) to at least one evaporator module (4);
    (b) at least one evaporator module (4) comprising:
    • a feed tank (6) of the aqueous effluent from the process tank (2) comprising a system suitable for the distribution of the aqueous effluent in the evaporator module (4);
    • an exchange filling (7), consisting of evaporation meshes, located at the bottom of the feed tank (6), in contact with the atmosphere; Y
    • a system suitable for air circulation in a transverse direction to the flow of effluent accuses through the exchange fill (7); and wherein each evaporator module (4) comprises in turn at least one outlet of the aqueous effluent after passing through the fill exchange (7), each output connected to the process vessel (2) being through at least one conduit Union.
    [2]
    2. Installation according to claim 1, wherein said feed tank (6) in turn comprises a safety overflow.
    [3]
    3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exchange filler (7) consists of plastic meshes of rhomboidal geometry.
    [4]
    4. Installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises six evaporator modules.
    [5]
    5. Installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally comprises at least one heat exchanger (8) suitable for heating the aqueous effluent to be treated prior to its introduction into the evaporator module (4).
    [6]
    6. Installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally comprises at least one device for heating air at the inlet of each evaporator module (4).
    [7]
    7. Installation according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each evaporator module (4) comprises a cleaning system of the exchange filling (7) constituted by a conduit suitable for the distribution of a cleaning liquid along said exchange padding (7).
    [8]
    8. Process for the concentration of aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation in an installation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that it comprises:
    (a) feed the aqueous effluent to be treated to the process tank (2) located in the lower container (1);
    (b) pumping the aqueous effluent to be treated from the process tank (2) to at least one evaporator module (4) being introduced into at least one exchange filling (7) by means of a distribution system;
    (c) then, the aqueous effluent is conducted along the exchange filling (7) located in each evaporator module (4), at the same time that a stream of air is circulated in a transverse direction, driven by a drive system so that it passes through said filling exchange (7) the air stream is loaded moisture saturated evaporator module (4) out;
    (d) finally, the aqueous effluent at the outlet of the evaporator module (4) is sent to the process tank (2) from where it is evacuated or recirculated back to the evaporator module (4).
    [9]
    9. Process according to claim 8, wherein the aqueous effluent is heated to a temperature below 50 ° C, prior to its introduction into the evaporator module (4).
    [10]
    10. u s distribution system water effluent and exchange filling (7) as they have been described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in cooling towers.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2019170950A1|2019-09-12|
    ES2724699B2|2020-07-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CN202080914U|2011-05-17|2011-12-21|浙江大学|Composite solar seawater desalting device|
    CN102964019A|2012-11-30|2013-03-13|山东大明消毒科技有限公司|Energy-saving evaporation treatment process of high-salinity wastewater|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830225A|ES2724699B2|2018-03-08|2018-03-08|MODULAR INSTALLATION FOR THE CONCENTRATION OF AQUEOUS EFFLUENTS THROUGH ATMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION|ES201830225A| ES2724699B2|2018-03-08|2018-03-08|MODULAR INSTALLATION FOR THE CONCENTRATION OF AQUEOUS EFFLUENTS THROUGH ATMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION|
    PCT/ES2019/070134| WO2019170950A1|2018-03-08|2019-03-06|Modular installation for concentrating aqueous effluents by atmospheric evaporation|
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