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    • 专利摘要:
    Combined filter for the elimination of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, which is applied to any type of tobacco column comprising a primary membrane (M1) located at the end of the tobacco column consisting of at least one disc of material impermeable and that is perforated by at least one hole that crosses it perpendicular to the cross section of the membrane in such a way that the perforated surface presents a free passage section of between 0.2% and 30% of the total the section of the membrane; an outer membrane (M3) located at the end in contact with the smoker and constituted by cellulose acetate fiber; and that can incorporate an intermediate membrane (M2) with a cylindrical shape formed by an adsorbent material between the primary membrane (M1) and the outer membrane (M3). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2717550A1
    申请号:ES201731446
    申请日:2017-12-21
    公开日:2019-06-21
    发明作者:Gomis Antonio Francisco Marcilla；Rico Maria Isabel Beltran；Morant Javier Asensio；Perez Pedro Salvador Marcilla；Serrano Nerea Juarez；Castellanos Isabel Martinez；Munoz Deseada Berenguer；Lopez Inmaculada Blasco；Belda Emilio Calabuig
    申请人:Universidad de Alicante；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] COMBINED FILTER FOR THE DISPOSAL OF TARS AND COMPOUNDS
    [0002]
    [0003] Field of the invention
    [0004]
    [0005] The purpose of the present patent is to describe a combined filter for the reduction of tars, nicotine and other toxic compounds in the gaseous stream of tobacco smoke.
    [0006]
    [0007] The field of application of the present invention is the tobacco industrial sector referred to cigarettes and in particular to filter assemblies for use with cigarettes.
    [0008]
    [0009] State of the art
    [0010]
    [0011] Tobacco use represents a major public health problem worldwide. The toxicity of tobacco smoke is recognized in all areas. At a scientific level, it can be said that more than more than 5600 compounds have been identified in tobacco smoke (The complexity of tobacco and tobacco smoke, TA Perfetti and A. Rodgman, Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International / Contributions to Tobacco Research, vol 24 , No. 5 May 2011), although this list may increase according to some authors up to 100000, the compounds already identified respond to a percentage of the order of 99% of the smoke. Among these compounds, of the order of 100 are recognized as toxic or carcinogenic by the FDA (Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 64 / Tuesday, April 3, 2012). For this reason, for many years, intensive research has been carried out to reduce the doses of smoke (or toxic compounds) inhaled by smokers.
    [0012]
    [0013] The cigarettes are basically constituted by a paper cylinder where the tobacco mixture and a filter are located. With respect to paper, it can be said as an example that its permeability has been studied, its combustion has been modified, for example, as disclosed in the document, "Effect of potassium inorganic and organic salts on the pyrolysis kinetics of cigarette paper" Deqing Zao et al., (Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 102 (2013) 114-123) Papers favoring self-extinction have also been developed and applied, as for example disclosed in document PCT / KR2009 / 003425, among others. other aspects
    [0014] With respect to tobacco, genetic modifications have been studied in order to modify the emission of nicotine and tars (WHO study group on tobacco product regulation, Report on the scientific basis of tobacco product regulations: Fifth report of a WHO group study, ISBN 978 922 4 120989 2, 2015) or the use of catalysts to reduce the emission of toxic products (Reduction of tobacco smoke components yield in commercial cigarette brands by addition of HUSY, NaY and Al-MCM-41 to the cigarette rod, A. Marcilla et al. , Toxicology Reports (Open access), 2 (2015b) 152-164), among others.
    [0015]
    [0016] Finally, regarding the filters, different patents describing different configurations are known, where the path of the smoke through the filter is modified, where active substances are used, adsorbents of the activated carbon type, zeolites, mesoporous solids, capable of reducing the inhalation of tars and modifying the composition of the fumes, for example, document WO2008142420; filters where said substances in various elements also include polar chemical components; or WO2008018617 where the adsorbent substances are supported by granular materials.
    [0017]
    [0018] Solutions that involve multiple filters that combine different elements more or less active and with different designs are also known, where between two cellulose acetate filters an activated carbon filter is located, as disclosed in document US20060196513.
    [0019]
    [0020] Filters have been developed that include particles of adsorbent materials uniformly distributed throughout the filter; filters in whose section liquid fatty acids are incorporated, as is the case of document TW I243026; or cigarette filters where in the adsorbent layers they comprise matrices of thermosetting synthetic resin such as the phenol-formaldehyde resin, as disclosed in US2003070686. Others include concentric cylinders of adsorbent material distributed in the main cellulose acetate filter; ventilated structures that house different membranes, as defined in DE19924205658; or filters with helical grooves incorporating adsorbent materials, as disclosed in EA200401360.
    [0021]
    [0022] Systems capable of acting on the hydrodynamics of the aerosol stream of tobacco smoke have also been developed. In particular the known "tar gard" system, disclosed in a large number of patents, by way of example, in patent US3434480.
    [0023] In a very interesting article, "The intractable cigarette 'filter problem" (B Harris, Tobacco Control, 201120 supl 1, i10-i16) analyzes the history and the problems of the filters and reveals the existence of a conflict of interests In addition to the technical difficulties in the design of the same, the strategies of the different actors, tobacco companies, authorities, etc., as well as the problem of costs in many of the most sophisticated designs are addressed. they present possible advantages and disadvantages and the effectiveness of the cellulose acetate filters, which are the ones that have been commercially imposed, as well as the effectiveness of the ventilation in them, is concluded, however, this article shows that the problem is still unresolved, so it is necessary to develop new solutions.
    [0024]
    [0025] In view of the solutions and background existing in the state of the art, the present invention develops a new filter typology comprising up to three types of membranes, each with specific characteristics, in which the location of said membranes is essential for achieve the objective of an improvement in the results of the elimination of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, and may be applicable to any type of cigarette.
    [0026]
    [0027] Description of the invention
    [0028]
    [0029] The present invention consists of a filter comprising up to three types of membranes for the removal of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke. In particular, a study of the relative position of the membranes that make up said filter, and the type of materials used, is developed in this document, obtaining a valuable and selective result. From this study it is derived that those membranes located in that position improve the results of elimination of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke.
    [0030]
    [0031] As has been advanced, this filter is applicable to any cigarette in the variety of commercial products, as in the filling tubes, filters for rolling tobacco or even systems complementary to conventional filters as described herein. .
    [0032]
    [0033] Another of the differentiating aspects is the simplicity and low cost of the membranes used, which generates a very attractive solution that is easily applicable to the commercial world.
    [0034] The use of these membranes and their position in the filter allows to develop more effective systems and at a lower price.
    [0035]
    [0036] For all the above, a combined filter has been developed for the elimination of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, which comprises the following elements:
    [0037]
    [0038] - A primary membrane.
    [0039]
    [0040] The first of the elements is an impermeable membrane that causes the condensation of tars and removes part of the nicotine contained in the aerosol of tobacco smoke and that should be located preferably immediately after the tobacco column, in contact with it. This membrane comprises at least one waterproof disk, discs that can be made of different materials, and includes a series of small holes.
    [0041]
    [0042] The inclusion of this membrane allows to controllably reduce the inhalation of tars, and therefore of nicotine and other substances, when smoking a cigarette whose filter includes this system. Simply regulate the number of holes and their diameter. The greater the number of holes and their diameter, the amount of tars that cross the membrane will be greater, but the loss of load in the smoking process will be less, having to reach a balance between both aspects, so that the smoking process be as pleasant as a conventional cigarette.
    [0043]
    [0044] To achieve this effect, a plurality of orifices are available through which the smoke undergoes an acceleration and a post-orifice expansion that causes its condensation. The fundamental characteristics of this system are the number of holes and their diameter, the length of the holes (thickness of the membrane) and the material from which it is formed, provided it is impermeable, do not affect the effectiveness of the same, provided that is located after the tobacco column. This differential fact is what allows different materials to be used for their elaboration and different thicknesses, the only condition is that they are manageable according to the application in which they are going to be used. As an example, it can be indicated that they can be made of paper, cardboard, wood, plastic, metal, closed pore foam of any material or any other, with the only condition that they are impermeable and non-toxic. For the elaboration of filters for commercial cigarettes, or tubes, or filters that include them, preferably it has a thickness of the order of 2 to 4 mm, although for applications such as rolling tobacco it would suffice to manually include a membrane of paper, cardboard or cardboard of the order of microns in thickness, conveniently perforated. Therefore, the possibilities of application of this type of membranes are innumerable and may present different variants depending on the final use.
    [0045]
    [0046] By way of summary, the primary membrane is constituted by any non-toxic and impermeable or semi-permeable material, preferably impermeable, manufactured by any industrial, semi-industrial or manual process, where the material can be paper, cardboard, wood, ceramics, acetate, cellulose, aluminum or other metal, foams of closed pore plastic materials; wherein the membrane has a circular or cylindrical shape, of a diameter equal to that of the tobacco column or the conventional filter, with orifices or small diameter conduits, which cross it perpendicular to the circular section and uniformly distributed in said section, located in contact with the tobacco column, between said column and the following membranes, so that it only allows the passage of cigarette smoke (or most of it, in case of being semipermeable) through the orifices or ducts that they go through it. The membrane has a length (cylinder side) of a few microns (paper) at 10 mm, preferably 1 to 3 mm, to facilitate its handling. The membrane includes a number of holes of such diameter that they have a free passage section between 0.2 and 30%, preferably between 2 and 15%. In this sense they can include from 1 to 10 holes, with diameters comprised between 0.5 and 1 mm, preferably 2 to 5 holes with a diameter between 0.7 and 1.2 mm. These holes have a cross section of the holes that is not circular. And finally, these membranes may include a layer of adhesive, or self-adhesive, to facilitate their incorporation, especially in the case of their direct application by the consumer to the rolling tobacco column (T).
    [0047]
    [0048] These membranes are also capable of incorporating aromas or flavors of the type of menthol, cocoa, vanilla or any other additive, including nicotine, so that the smoke, when passing through the orifices entrain these substances transmitting to the smoker the corresponding sensations, at the same time that providing a lesser inhalation of tars and toxic substances, and opening the possibility to a large number of combinations of flavors and reductions.
    [0049]
    [0050] - An intermediate membrane.
    [0051] The second membrane is formed by an adsorbent material composed of solids of the mesoporous silica type SBA-15, MCM-41, zeolites or mesoporous activated carbons, whether or not included in a permeable matrix of plastic material or in cellulose acetate fibers and that acts on the gases generated, adsorbing certain compounds. The material of this second membrane can incorporate aluminum or other active metals in its structure, in order to promote the adsorption of certain compounds and reduce the inhalation thereof by the smoker.
    [0052]
    [0053] This membrane can be prepared directly with these materials using the appropriate granulometry in a layer of a certain thickness, or manufactured with cellulose acetate fibers or other fibers that can be used in filters, such as cotton fibers, to which these are incorporated. materials, either by physical mixing with the fiber already finished, or in the process of manufacturing them.
    [0054]
    [0055] The effect of this type of filters is complementary to that of the primary membrane, since it can act on certain compounds such as carbon monoxide or others especially present in the gas phase of tobacco smoke and more specifically the lighter ones, on which the condensation propitiated by said membrane leaves them practically unchanged in the gaseous current.
    [0056]
    [0057] This type of membrane also allows the incorporation of flavors, aromas or nicotine, being more effective for this purpose than the primary membrane. Therefore, the joint use of the two membranes is especially attractive, although both could be used separately.
    [0058]
    [0059] - An outer membrane
    [0060]
    [0061] The filter includes an outer, tertiary or third filter membrane, which is the one in contact with the mouth of the smoker, which is a cylinder of the appropriate length of a conventional filter and constituted by cellulose acetate fiber, and which It can incorporate ducts of different sections or other varieties.
    [0062]
    [0063] This membrane is capable of including aroma, flavor or nicotine capsules or containing said adsorbed compounds or as a physical mixture so that they are released in the main current to be crossed through the filters that contain them by tobacco smoke
    [0064]
    [0065] One of the differences of the use of the primary membrane with respect to the known nozzles that use this principle and are positioned at the end of the filter in contact with the mouth of the smoker, is that, if this membrane were put in that same position the condensation It would occur in the mouth, causing an unpleasant sensation to the smoker, while it could lead to an increase in the adverse consequences for oral health. In addition, it would cause an adverse aesthetic effect by producing tar stains on the filter visible to the smoker.
    [0066]
    [0067] Therefore, the aforementioned nozzles on the market are made of plastic materials and have a system to collect said tars and avoid contact with the smoker. The fact that they can be transparent is an intentional commercial strategy, since it allows observing what they are able to avoid the smoker, since the condensed in them, would have passed to their organism, in case of not having used them. However, since they are nozzles to fit the cigarette, they must have a design that allows said adjustment, which translates into the corresponding complexity and cost.
    [0068]
    [0069] In the present invention, this membrane is located next to the tobacco column and in contact with it. In this way an effect similar to those described for the aforementioned nozzles is achieved, that is to say, a condensation of tars is produced, which do not come into contact with the mouth of the smoker, but are retained in the membranes that follow it and in addition, The visual effect for the smoker is just as evident as he can easily verify that the end of the filter in contact with his mouth is clearly cleaner than a conventional filter that uses this system. The rest of the membranes that are then arranged serve to improve and amplify the good final results. All this with a remarkably reduced cost and easily enabling the dispensing of flavors or aromas to the smoker.
    [0070]
    [0071] Additionally, these membranes can be grouped into cigarette paper booklets, where said package contains a series of membranes of the type described above, arranged in the container itself in a uniform manner, it being possible to separate said membranes easily from the container and having to place them on the outside of the filter in contact with the tobacco.
    [0072] At this point it should be noted that the above membranes can be manufactured separately. If they were manufactured separately, the primary and secondary could be used directly by the consumer when filling their conventional tubes or when making their cigarettes with rolling tobacco, assembling in their cigarette said membranes. Alternatively, they may already be assembled in commercial filters that incorporate them, either including flavors or flavors or in their neutral form.
    [0073]
    [0074] To finish, these membranes can be used or used in filters for any type of tobacco column, such as conventional cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, unfiltered cigarettes or those commonly known as hand-rolled cigarettes.
    [0075]
    [0076] In order to complete the description and to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, some figures are presented where, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, the following is represented:
    [0077]
    [0078] Fig. 1 is a drawing in which a column is observed in a sectioned manner followed by a filter with the primary and outer membrane.
    [0079]
    [0080] Fig.2 is a drawing, according to the previous figure, where the joined set of any column with the filter is observed.
    [0081]
    [0082] Fig.3 is a drawing of a cross section of the primary membrane where the holes or perforations made in it are observed.
    [0083]
    [0084] Fig.4 is a drawing in which a column is observed in a sectioned manner followed by a filter with the primary, intermediate and outer membrane.
    [0085]
    [0086] Fig.5 is a drawing, according to the previous figure, where the joined set of any column with the filter is observed.
    [0087]
    [0088] Detailed description of the embodiments
    [0089]
    [0090] The smoking experiments were carried out with 3R4F tobacco from the University of Kentucky. The conditioning and smoking conditions described in the ISO 3308 standard have been used. To prepare the cigarettes, the tobacco has been emptied of the 3R4F cigarettes. We have always used the same tubes of the 3R4F to which the filters described have been incorporated, either the filters themselves (have been removed and have been incorporated again) or the filters including the corresponding membranes (M1, M2, M3). It has been used a smoking machine already known in this industrial sector. The composition of the gases obtained was analyzed, as well as the composition of the condensed matter in Cambridge filters located after the filters studied, which represents the pitches that the smoker would inhale.
    [0091]
    [0092] 15 cigarettes are smoked following the specifications of the ISO 3308 standard (puffs of 2 s in duration, aspirated volume 35 mL, puffing frequency 60 s and pressure loss in the lower puff of 300 Pa, smoked up to 4 mm of the filter).
    [0093]
    [0094] The cigarettes are conditioned at room temperature and 60% relative humidity, keeping them in a desiccator provided with a saturated solution of sodium nitrite, at least during 48 h before being smoked.
    [0095]
    [0096] During the smoking process, the smoke, including CO, CO2 and other non-condensable products, passes through the cigarette filter as well as a trap (glass fiber Cambridge filter) where the condensable products that would be inhaled by the smoker are collected. The non-condensable products are collected in a Tedlar gas bag, located behind the Cambridge filter, which is reserved for further analysis by gas chromatography (GC).
    [0097]
    [0098] The condensable products retained in the trap after the filter are extracted with 2-propanol, ensuring that all the compounds retained in the trap are recovered. The extract is then dried with sodium sulfate and reserved for further analysis by GC.
    [0099]
    [0100] The determination of the content of CO and CO2 in the non-condensable fraction is carried out by GC, using a thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) and a concentric column CTRI, in a SHIMADZU GC-14A equipment, using a calibration by means of standards external. The quantification has been done by calculating the response factor (grams of compound / peak area) of these compounds by injecting different volumes (between 0.5 and 2.5 mL) of the corresponding pattern (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane and oxygen). The conditions of the analysis are:
    [0101] Carrier gas: He
    [0102] Injector temperature: 28 ° C
    [0103] Detector temperature: 110 ° C
    [0104] Injected volume: 2.5 mL
    [0105] Constant column flow: 40 mL / min
    [0106] Oven temperature program: 110 ° C isotherm
    [0107] Analysis time 20 min
    [0108] The rest of the non-condensable components are analyzed by GC with flame ionization detector (GC-FID), using an aGAS-PRO column and the following conditions:
    [0109] Injector temperature: 150 ° C
    [0110] Detector temperature: 210 ° C
    [0111] Carrier gas: Helium
    [0112] Volume of injected sample: 150 ^ L
    [0113] Constant column flow: 2 mL / min
    [0114] Oven temperature program:
    [0115] Initial temperature of the column 35 ° C for 10 min
    [0116] Heating up to 100 ° C with a ramp of 5 ° C / min
    [0117] Heating up to 200 ° C with a ramp of 15 ° C / min
    [0118] Final time: 10 min
    [0119] The condensable compounds (extracted with 2-propanol from cigarette filters and smoke traps) are analyzed by GC with mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS), using an HP-5MS column and the following conditions :
    [0120] Injector temperature: 250 ° C
    [0121] Carrier gas: Helium
    [0122] Volume of injected sample: 1 ^ L
    [0123] Constant column flow: 2 mL / min
    [0124] Oven temperature program:
    [0125] Initial temperature of the column 40 ° C for 5 min
    [0126] Heating up to 320 ° C with a ramp of 12 ° C / min
    [0127] Final time: 25 min
    [0128] For the quantification of the compounds present in the condensed phase of tobacco smoke, nicotine standards of different concentrations (between 5 and 300 ppm) have been prepared. They were injected into the equipment and from the slope of the line obtained from the graphic representation of the amount of compound injected against the peak area, the value of the corresponding response factor was obtained. The response factor obtained for nicotine was used for the rest of the compounds analyzed, since nicotine is the majority compound. The quantification was carried out analogously for the gases, where patterns were available for many of the compounds and an average response factor was used in cases in which the corresponding response factor was not available. The compounds have been identified using the Wiley MS library.
    [0129]
    [0130] Next, we will describe some exemplary embodiments of the result of the use of this type of systems in smoking experiments.
    [0131]
    [0132] Realization 1
    [0133]
    [0134] In the first example, and following what is represented in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the result of using a primary membrane (M1), consisting of a circle of 8 mm diameter filter paper with 2 perforations or holes ( 1) of 0.7 mm in diameter. This primary membrane (M1) in contact with the tobacco column (T) is followed by the outer membrane (M3). Therefore, in this example only membranes 1 and 3 have been used, given the small thickness of the primary membrane (M1) used, the outer membrane (M3) has not been modified with respect to the original filter of the 3R4F cigarette.
    [0135]
    [0136] There is a significant condensation of tars immediately after the holes. The end of the filter, the outer membrane (M3), in contact with the smoker is considerably less dirty than in the case of not using the primary membrane (M1). Table 1 shows the amount of nicotine, tars and carbon monoxide collected in the gaseous stream and in the pitches condensed in the Cambridge filter, as well as that of a series of major compounds in the chromatogram corresponding to gases and condensed products. It can be seen that there has been a reduction of around 60% in nicotine and tars. In the case of CO and other compounds present in gases, the reduction obtained is much lower.
    [0137]
    [0138] Table 1. Reductions (100x (mg of compound i, obtained by smoking a tobacco cigarette 3R4F, with the filter of the cigarette 3R4F-mg of compound i, obtained by smoking a cigarette of tobacco 3R4F, with the filter described) / mg of compound i, obtained by smoking a cigarette of tobacco 3R4F, with the filter of the cigarette 3R4F) obtained by using the paper M1 membrane, with two holes of 0.7 mm in diameter.
    [0139]
    [0140]
    [0141]
    [0142]
    [0143]
    [0144]
    [0145] The number of puffs is similar in both cases, showing that the pressure loss is of the same order. On the other hand, these cigarettes have been tested by voluntary smokers who have shown that their smoking characteristics are analogous.
    [0146]
    [0147] Realization 2
    [0148]
    [0149] Cigarettes have been smoked using filters of the same type as those described in the first embodiment (M1-2), but with 1 (M1-1) and 3 (M1-3) holes in the first membrane (M1). The results show that the reductions are progressively greater as the number of holes decreases, but the number of puffs increases remarkably, so that with an orifice an appreciable difference is observed with the cigarette without the primary membrane (M1). In this case, the voluntary smokers showed greater resistance to smoking. Experiments have also been conducted where the diameter of the holes has varied. It can be seen that the results depend on the free passage section through the holes. So that similar results can be achieved with 2 holes of 1 mm diameter (S = 1.57 mm2), that with 4 of 0.7 mm (S = 1.54 mm2). From all this, it can be concluded that these devices are very effective for the reduction of tars and nicotine from tobacco smoke. It has been achieved that the effect is easily noticeable to the smoker, as the end of the filter is much cleaner in contact with his mouth. In addition, this effect is easily adjustable with the number and diameter of the orifices, having to adjust the loss of pressure so that it does not suppose big difference with the conventional filters.
    [0150]
    [0151] Table 2. Reductions (%) obtained with filters M1-1, M1-2 and M1-3
    [0152]
    [0153]
    [0154]
    [0155]
    [0156] Realization 3
    [0157]
    [0158] Cigarettes have been smoked using the primary membrane (M1) with 2 holes of 0.7 mm in diameter and an outer membrane (M3) with a length 5 mm less than the conventional one. The results obtained indicate that the primary membrane (M1) is much more effective than the outer membrane (M3), so that the decrease in the length of said membrane is barely noticeable, which could mean a cost saving in the filter manufacturing, as less material is required for the same filter effectiveness.
    [0159]
    [0160] Realization 4
    [0161]
    [0162] The examples shown so far correspond to experiments where the primary membrane (M1) has been made with filter paper, in this case EVA foam sheet of 2 mm thickness has been used, circles of 8 mm diameter have been punched out and 2 holes of 0.7 mm diameter have been made. In this case the length of the outer membrane (M3) has been reduced by 2 mm, to compensate the thickness of M1, so that the length of the filtering system is the same as in conventional cigarettes. The results obtained are practically identical to those obtained with the primary membrane (M1) of filter paper with the same 2 holes of 0.7 mm diameter. It can be concluded that the material and the thickness of the membrane have a reduced effect on its behavior.
    [0163]
    [0164] Realization 5
    [0165]
    [0166] So far, only embodiments have been shown where the primary (M1) and outer (M3) membranes have been used. The effect achieved on CO and gases has been very reduced. For this reason, different experiments have been carried out in which the intermediate membrane (M2) has been included. Said membrane contains an adsorbent material. In our case has been tested SBA-15 (M2S) and activated carbons (M2C).
    [0167]
    [0168] To elaborate the intermediate membrane (M2) cellulose acetate fiber from the filters of the 3R4F cigarette, conveniently disintegrated and cut, has been physically mixed with the adsorbent material to be tested. The degree of compaction of this membrane is a parameter with an important effect on the observed behavior. In our case, the three adsorbent materials were analyzed first and the membranes were prepared in such a way that their apparent density was the same as that of the original filter, so that 5 mm of the acetate filter was eliminated. cellulose and have been replaced by the amount of fiber mixture of cellulose acetate mixed with the adsorbent in a 1: 1 ratio in (this ratio is also an important parameter in the design of this type of filters), introducing the same mass as the one of the filter replaced. The results obtained are shown in table 3.
    [0169]
    [0170] It can be observed, and following what is represented in Figures 3, 4 and 5, that all these materials are capable of increasing the observed reduction of tars and nicotine with respect to the use of the primary (M1) and outer (M3) membrane and, for Of course, much more than the outside (M3) alone. But, what is more important is the reduction in CO and other gaseous current components, over which the primary membrane (M1) had very little effect.
    [0171]
    [0172] Table 3. Reductions (%) obtained with the M2S and M2C filters
    [0173]
    [0174]
    [0175]
    [0176]
    [0177] The compaction of these membranes (or their bulk density) increases their effectiveness, but has the corresponding effect on the resistance to smoking that has been revealed by smokers who have performed the tests. Therefore, this parameter, together with the ratio of adsorbent and fiber, the thickness of this membrane and the way of preparation can considerably affect the results.
    [0178]
    [0179] Realization 6
    [0180]
    [0181] Finally, in either of the two primary (M1) or intermediate (M2) membranes, flavors and aromas or nicotine can be incorporated very effectively. Specifically, examples have been made including menthol in both the primary (M1) and intermediate (M2) membranes. The results obtained show the same reduction as in the case of not using menthol, but a high intensity peak corresponding to menthol has been detected in the condensate chromatogram. Smokers who have tried these cigarettes have found them totally similar to commercial menthol.
    [0182]
    [0183] By way of conclusion , after the completion of all the previously indicated achievements, it is highlighted that although this type of studies have been carried out previously in this industrial sector for other types of filters, to date such results have never been obtained. favorable after the analysis of the joint use of the membranes of the type of primary (M1), intermediate (M2) and exterior (M3) with each other; the results of these combinations had not been analyzed with the arrangement of a membrane of the primary type (M1) at said location; The possibility of using or not using a membrane of the intermediate type (M2) at an intermediate position of the filter was not studied, as can be seen in the Figures, where Figures 1 and 2 represent the filter with the primary membranes ( M1) and outside (M3), and where Figures 4 and 5 represent the filter with the primary (M1), intermediate to (M2) and outer (M3) membranes.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1.-Combined filter for the elimination of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, which is applied on any type of tobacco column (T), and which is characterized in that it comprises:
    - a primary membrane (M1) located at the end of the tobacco column and comprising at least one disc of impermeable material, has a cylindrical shape and of the same section as the tobacco column (T) and is perforated by at least one hole (1) passing through it in a direction perpendicular to the cross section of the membrane, such that the perforated surface has a free passage section of between 0.2% and 30% of the total section of the membrane; Y
    - an outer membrane (M3) located at the end in contact with the smoker, which has a cylindrical shape and which is constituted by cellulose acetate fiber.
    [2]
    2. Combined filter for the removal of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, according to claim 1, characterized in that an intermediate membrane (M2) is available between the primary membrane (M1) and the outer membrane (M3). cylindrical shape formed by an adsorbent material comprising in its composition solids of the silica type SBA-15, MCM-41, zeolites or mesoporous activated carbons.
    [3]
    3. Combined filter for the removal of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate membrane (M2) comprises an impregnation of flavor or aroma.
    [4]
    Combined filter for the removal of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary membrane (M1) has 1 to 10 holes evenly distributed in a section of the membrane and with a diameter between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
    [5]
    5. Combined filter for the removal of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary membrane (M1) comprises a flavor or aroma impregnation.
    [6]
    6. Combined filter for the removal of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary membrane (M1) comprises a layer of adhesive for fixing with the tobacco column (T).
    [7]
    Combined filter for the removal of tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke, according to claim 6, characterized in that the adhesive layer of the primary membrane (M1) is fixed to a conventional filter for the production of a cigarette of rolling.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3729978A1|2020-10-28|
    WO2019122468A1|2019-06-27|
    EP3729978A4|2021-08-25|
    ES2717550B2|2020-02-28|
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    法律状态:
    2019-06-21| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2717550 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20190621 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201731446A|ES2717550B2|2017-12-21|2017-12-21|COMBINED FILTER FOR THE ELIMINATION OF TARS AND TOXIC COMPOUNDS OF TOBACCO SMOKE|ES201731446A| ES2717550B2|2017-12-21|2017-12-21|COMBINED FILTER FOR THE ELIMINATION OF TARS AND TOXIC COMPOUNDS OF TOBACCO SMOKE|
    PCT/ES2018/070710| WO2019122468A1|2017-12-21|2018-11-05|Combined filter for removing tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke|
    EP18891845.2A| EP3729978A4|2017-12-21|2018-11-05|Combined filter for removing tars and toxic compounds from tobacco smoke|
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