• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Adjustable head and tracking system for photovoltaic panels. Adjustable head (100) and tracking system for photovoltaic panels that allows regulating a position and angle of a turning tube (300) parallel to a first axis (x), according to a second horizontal axis (y) perpendicular to the first axis (x) and with a third vertical axis (z) perpendicular to the first axis (x), while prolonging the useful life and resistance to corrosion of the head (100). To do this, the head comprises a base (110) with a section in the form of an inverted U mainly according to a plane formed by the second axis (y) and the third axis (z), and with first holes (141) parallel to the third axis (z), and a lower support (120) with a section in the shape of mostly U according to a plane formed by the first axis (x) and the third axis (z). The base (110) is attached to a jacking (600) through first holes (141) parallel to the third axis (z); and to the lower support (120) through a second set holes (151) parallel to the second axis (y). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2715508A1
    申请号:ES201731287
    申请日:2017-11-03
    公开日:2019-06-04
    发明作者:Panedas Marcos Gómez；Villanueva Alfredo González；Ojea Victor Gómez；Crespo Elia Robleda；Acuña Jesús Iglesias；Casal Carla Teja
    申请人:Manufacturas Braux S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Adjustable head and tracking system for photovoltaic panels
    [0003]
    [0004] Object of the invention
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention relates to the field of mechanics, and more particularly, to support structures for photovoltaic panels.
    [0007]
    [0008] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0009]
    [0010] To optimize the energy generated by a photovoltaic system, it is essential to have tracking systems (also known by their English name, "trackers"), capable of reorienting the panels that make up the system. The difficulty of supporting horizontal or inclined axes of great length, which in some cases exceeds 90 meters, joins the additional problem of installation on uneven terrain and / or slopes. Consequently, adjustable heads are needed to compensate for the lack of flatness of the ground, both in position and at an angle.
    [0011]
    [0012] However, the heads known in the state of the art present serious limitations in terms of their regulation capacity. There are heads in which a turning tube (also called by its name in English "torque tube") is hooked or physically attached to the head by bolted, riveted or similar connection, so that deviations of position of the inlets directly affect the position and correct behavior of the head, thus greatly limiting the regulation, the ability to absorb irregularities of the ground, and the tolerances in assembly.
    [0013]
    [0014] Additionally, in the photovoltaic sector, solar trackers have a typical lifespan of 25 years, often subject to contractual guarantee. Therefore, it is desirable to have components capable of guaranteeing its durability throughout this period with minimum maintenance. This problem is especially challenging considering both the rotating resistance of the rotator tube, and the deterioration and corrosion typically associated with systems installed outdoors.
    [0015]
    [0016] In this sense, the majority of heads known in the state of the art are based on plastic ball joints, with the disadvantage that plastic manufacturers do not allow guarantee the durability of the same in the periods of 25 years desired, mainly due to the effects of ultraviolet exposure. In addition, the friction between the rotating parts of the heads is produced by sliding, which implies an increase or oversize of the drive system of the turning tube. Finally, these heads are sensitive to the entry of external particles in them, generating a marked wear on the patella.
    [0017]
    [0018] There is therefore in the state of the art the need for tracking systems for solar panels based on heads with regulation capacity in height, angle and position, including both the north-south direction (longitudinal direction of the turning tube) and the East-west direction (direction perpendicular to the turning tube). In addition, it is desirable that the adjustable heads are resistant, compact and easy to install.
    [0019]
    [0020] Description of the invention
    [0021]
    [0022] The present invention solves the problems described above by means of a head that can be adjusted in height, angle and position thanks to a set of open pieces joined through adjustable holes in multiple axes.
    [0023]
    [0024] Consider the set formed by one or more photovoltaic panels, a "torque tube" (understood as a tube-shaped element of the tracking system that supports said photovoltaic panels), and a piling (understood as a bar, pillar or any other vertical support element on which the adjustable head is installed.) In accordance with said elements, and in order to facilitate the understanding of the morphology and operation of the adjustable head, we will use the following definitions of axes in this document. :
    [0025] - A first axis, which we will call the x axis, parallel to the main axis of the turning tube. - A second axis, which we will call the y axis, mostly perpendicular to the axis of the turning tube. Note that the exact orientation of the y axis can vary between realizations, always maintaining the relation of perpendicularity with the x axis. However, the axis y preferably forms a horizontal plane with the x axis, that is to say mostly parallel to a flat ground.
    [0026] - A third axis, which we will call the z axis, mostly vertical and parallel to the pile.
    [0027] Note that the present invention is valid for both photovoltaic systems with horizontal axis and inclined axis. Therefore, while in some particular embodiments, the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis will be orthogonal to each other, there may be embodiments that do not comply with said orthogonality, establishing angles other than 90 ° between the z axis and the x and y axes.
    [0028] We will also consider the XY plane as a plane containing the x-axis and the y-axis, the XZ-plane as a plane containing the x-axis and the z-axis, and the YZ-plane as a plane comprising the y-axis and the z-axis.
    [0029]
    [0030] In a first aspect of the invention, there is an adjustable head that is installed on a jacking (parallel to the z axis) and supports at least one turning tube (parallel to the x axis). The head consists of the following parts:
    [0031] - A base, with an inverted U-shaped section according to the YZ plane, adapted to be fixed to the jacking through first fastening means passing through a first set holes. Said first slots are elongated openings with rounded edges, presenting their greatest length in a direction parallel to the z-axis. This allows both adjusting the height of the base (and therefore the head assembly), as well as establishing adjustable angles between the base and the jacking. - A lower support, with a U-shaped section according to the XZ plane, adapted to be fixed to the base by means of second fixing means passing through a second set-through hole. Said second holes colisos presenting their greater length in a direction parallel to the axis y. This allows both adjusting a lateral displacement of the turning tube and establishing an angle of rotation between the base and the lower support. According to respective preferred options, the hollow holes can be made both on one side of the base and on one side of the lower support, the opposite element comprising conventional circular holes that do not allow displacement of the second fixing means.
    [0032] - Preferably, a top support with a U-shaped section according to the plane YZ, adapted to be fixed to the lower support through third fixing means passing through a third set of holes. Said third holes colisos presenting its greater length in a direction parallel to the z axis. This allows adjusting the size of an opening formed by the upper support assembly and the lower support, into which the turning tube is inserted. According to respective preferred options, the slots can be made both on one side of the lower support and on one side of the upper support, the counter element comprising conventional circular holes that do not allow displacement of the second fixing means. Preferably, the upper support is formed by two opposed flat pieces, although, in others Embodiments of the invention, said parts may be joined by bridges or other connections.
    [0033] - First rollers, parallel to the x axis and connected to the lower support, which support the turning tube. Preferably, the head also comprises at least one second roller, also parallel to the x-axis, and connected to the upper support. Note, however, that the exact number and position of the rollers may vary depending on the particular embodiment.
    [0034]
    [0035] As regards the materials that make up the adjustable head, the base, the lower support and the upper support are preferably made of a metallic material, increasing the useful life of the head and its resistance to corrosion. More preferably, said metallic material is chosen from stainless steels; a steel composed of zinc, magnesium and aluminum (commonly known as "ZM steel"), hot-dip galvanized steel and aluminum, while the first rollers (and the second one, at least one roller) are also preferably Made of stainless steel, ZM steel, hot-dip galvanized steel or aluminum, the material can be the same or different from the one used for the base and upper and lower supports, in particular ZM steel has the advantage of being coated, without postfabrication process such as hot dip galvanizing, which increases production times, and the ZM steel coating acts as protection against drilling and cutting.
    [0036]
    [0037] Note that the possibility of using metallic materials is not an independent feature of the proposed geometry, but is precisely the configuration and morphology of the adjustable head, which allows the use of metallic materials, thus improving their lifespan and their resistance to degradation for environmental reasons. For example, in the usual solution of the state of the art, a ball joint consisting of two hemispherical parts, one of which hugs the tube and rotates inside the other, it would be impossible to use metallic materials. This is due to the fact that in order to achieve low friction, we would need machining of the ball joint, increasing its complexity and its difficulty and manufacturing cost. In addition, to avoid oxidation of metal parts, additional coatings should be used, which would be lost during use, because the ball joint works by sliding. On the contrary, the present invention works by rolling, so that coating wear does not occur.
    [0038]
    [0039] Finally, the first fixing means, the second fixing means and the third fixing means (if any) are preferably selected from screws, pins, rivets and ferrules. In the same way, the first rollers (and the second one at least one roller if there is one) are preferably connected by fourth fixing means also selected from among screws, pins, rivets and ferrules.
    [0040]
    [0041] In a second aspect of the invention there is presented a tracking system for photovoltaic panels comprising at least one adjustable head according to any embodiment and / or preferred option of the first aspect of the invention. Also, the system comprises at least one axis or torque tube, which is housed by said adjustable head, and at least one jacking that supports the head. The described head and adjustment system provide adjustment in height, angle and position; being also resistant, compact and easy to install. These and other advantages of the invention will be apparent in light of the detailed description thereof.
    [0042]
    [0043] Description of the figures
    [0044]
    [0045] In order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, and to complement this description, the following figures are included as an integral part thereof, whose character is illustrative and non-limiting:
    [0046]
    [0047] Figure 1 illustrates a possible scenario of application of the adjustable head and tracking system for photovoltaic panels, according to respective preferred embodiments.
    [0048]
    [0049] Figure 2 shows the main parts of a preferred embodiment of the adjustable head of the invention, as well as a jacking to which said head is fixed.
    [0050]
    [0051] Figure 3 shows an extruded view in greater detail of the base and the lower support of the head, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0052]
    [0053] Figure 4 shows an extruded view in greater detail of the upper support of the head, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0054]
    [0055] Figure 5 illustrates a first height adjustable movement of the head (displacement in Z axis), according to a preferred embodiment thereof.
    [0056] Figure 6 presents a second adjustable angular movement of the head (rotation about the Y axis), according to a preferred embodiment thereof.
    [0057]
    [0058] Figure 7 illustrates a third horizontally adjustable movement (displacement on the Y axis), transverse to the turning tube, according to a preferred embodiment of the head.
    [0059]
    [0060] Figure 8 presents a fourth movement adjustable in height for adjustment to the turning tube, according to a preferred embodiment of the head.
    [0061]
    [0062] Figure 9 presents a fifth adjustable movement of rotation of the head (rotation with respect to Z axis), according to a preferred embodiment of the head.
    [0063]
    [0064] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0065]
    [0066] In this text, the term "comprises" and its derivations (such as "understanding", etc.) should not be understood in an excluding sense, that is, these terms should not be interpreted as excluding the possibility that what is described and defined can include more elements, stages, etc. Note also that while the examples of preferred embodiments of the invention are described for independent channeling devices, the same features and features, or any combination thereof, can be integrated into the fuse bases themselves or in the monitoring system, according to the second and third aspects of the present invention as claimed.
    [0067]
    [0068] In the context of the present invention, the terms "approximately" and their derivatives should be understood as indicators of values close to those that accompany the term. That is, a deviation is contemplated within reasonable limits with respect to the exact value, since the expert in the matter will understand that said variations may occur due to manufacturing or measurement limitations, or by design decisions that do not affect the functionality of the elements. . The same reasoning applies to the term "mostly" and its derivatives.
    [0069]
    [0070] Figure 1 presents a possible scenario of application of the adjustable head (100) of the invention, formed by a plurality of photovoltaic panels (200) controlled by an axis or torque tube (300). The torque tube (300) is connected to the photovoltaic panels (200) through a plurality of fasteners (400) rail-torque, and a first jacking (600) by means of a rotation unit (500). Along the turning tube (300) there are located the heads (100), which are crossed by said turning tube (300), and which rest on second ones (600). In this way, when the rotation unit (500) induces a rotation on the rotation tube (300), said rotation tube (300) can rotate inside the head (100) with minimal friction, and maintaining a firm support, resistant and adaptable to the terrain topology.
    [0071]
    [0072] Figure 2 shows the elements that make up the head (100), according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The head (100) comprises a base (110) in the form of an inverted U, that is, it consists of three flat faces mostly rectangular, joined to each other by two rounded corners, so that the three flat faces form angles of 90 ° to each other . For simplicity, we will call the two parallel faces of the base (110) as side faces, and the remaining face as the top face. The side faces comprise first holes (141), adapted to face holes of the jacking (600). The relative position between the first holes (141) and the holes of the jacking is vertically adjustable, being fixed by first fixing means (140). Said first fixing means (140), like the rest of fixing means of this embodiment, can be, for example, sets of nuts and screws.
    [0073]
    [0074] The head (100) also comprises a lower support (120) and an upper support (130), which when joined form a largely cylindrical cavity whose axial direction is parallel to the x axis, and into which the turning tube (300 is inserted) ). The lower support (120) has a U-shaped section in the XZ plane. That is, the lower support (120) is formed by three faces that form two 90 ° angles with each other. For simplicity, we will call the two parallel faces of the lower support (120) to each other as side faces, and to the remaining face as the bottom face. The two lateral faces comprise respective grooves that make up the lower limit of the cylindrical cavity. For its part, the lower face comprises a second hole collision (151), which is crossed by a second fixing means (150), faces said lower face of the lower support (120) to the upper face of the base (110) .
    [0075]
    [0076] The upper support (130) is formed by two equal flat pieces, in the form of an inverted U. The interior of said inverted U delimits the upper end of the cylindrical cavity. Each piece also comprises two third collet holes (171) which, when being crossed by third fixing means (170), fix in a regulable way the size of said cylindrical cavity. Finally, the head comprises three cylindrical rollers (180), whose position is fixed by both fourth fixing means (160): two first rollers (180) whose bases are facing the parallel faces of the lower support (120), and one third roller whose bases are in front of the pieces of the upper support (130).
    [0077]
    [0078] Figure 3 presents a first extruded view of the same embodiment of the head (100), in which the interconnections between the base (110) and the lower support (120) can be observed more clearly. In particular, four first circular holes (161) can be seen in the lower support (120), into which are inserted the fourth fixing means (160) that traverse and support the first rollers (180). Likewise, a second circular hole (152) can be seen that faces the second collision hole (151), both of them being through the second fixing means (150).
    [0079]
    [0080] Figure 4 presents a second extruded view of the same embodiment of the head (100), in which the elements that make up the upper support (130) can be seen more clearly. In particular, the third circular holes (131) can be seen, one in each piece of said upper support (130), which are pierced by the fourth fixing means (160) which in turn support the third roller (180).
    [0081]
    [0082] Figures 5 to 9 illustrate some of the adjustable movements allowed by the morphology of the head. In particular, Figure 5 illustrates a first height adjustment movement, achieved by moving the first fixing means (140) along the first set holes (141). This provides a relative displacement of the base (110) and the jacking (600) according to the z-axis.
    [0083]
    [0084] Figure 6 presents a second angular adjustment movement, achieved by rotating the base (110) with respect to the jacking (600) inside the XZ plane, keeping constant the position of the first fixing means (140) within the first pits holes (141).
    [0085]
    [0086] Figure 7 illustrates a third adjustment movement on the y-axis, ie, transverse to the turning tube (300), achieved by moving the second fixing means (150) along the second set-in holes (151) .
    [0087]
    [0088] Figure 8 presents a fourth movement of regulation, which allows adapting the size of the opening formed by the lower support (120) and the upper support (130) depending on the size of the turning tube (300). For this, the third fixing means (170) move along the third set holes (171).
    [0089]
    [0090] Figure 9 presents a fifth movement of regulation, which allows the lower support (120) to rotate with respect to the base (110) in the XY plane, keeping the position of the second fixing means (150) constant within the second holes. (151).
    [0091]
    [0092] In view of this description and figures, the person skilled in the art will be able to understand that the invention has been described according to some preferred embodiments thereof, but that multiple variations can be introduced in said preferred embodiments, without departing from the object of the invention such and how it has been claimed.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. Adjustable head (100) for a turning tube (300) of photovoltaic panels (200), configured to be fixed on a jacking (600), considering a first axis (x) parallel to the turning tube (300), a second axis (y) perpendicular to the turning tube (300) and a third axis (z) parallel to the jacking (600), characterized in that the head (100) comprises:
    - a base (110) with a section in the form of mostly inverted U according to a plane formed by the second axis (y) and the third axis (z), and with first holes set (141) parallel to the third axis (z) ;
    - first fastening means (140) configured to fix the base (110) to the jacking (600) through the first set holes (141);
    - a lower support (120) with a section in the shape mostly of U according to a plane formed by the first axis (x) and the third axis (z), and with first rollers (180) parallel to the first axis (x), the first rollers (180) being adapted to support the turn tube (300); Y
    - second fixing means (150) configured to fix the base (110) to the lower support (120) through at least one second collet hole (151) parallel to the second axis (y).
    [2]
    Head (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one second collet hole (151) is on one side of the lower support (120) parallel to a plane formed by the first axis (x) and the second axis (y).
    [3]
    3. Head (100) according to claim 1 characterized in that the at least one second hole collision (151) is on one side of the base parallel to a plane formed by the first axis (x) and the second axis ( Y).
    [4]
    4. Head according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises:
    - a top support (130) with a section in the shape of a U-shape inverted according to the plane formed by the second axis (y) and the third axis (z); Y
    - third fixing means (170) configured to fix the upper support (130) to the lower support (120) through third holes Seams (171) parallel to the third axis (z).
    [5]
    5. Head (100) according to claim 4 characterized in that the third holes (171) are located on faces of the lower support (120) parallel to the plane formed by the second axis (y) and the third axis (z) .
    [6]
    Head (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the third hollow holes (171) are on faces of the upper support (130) parallel to the plane formed by the second axis (y) and the third axis (z) .
    [7]
    7. Head (100) according to any of claims 4 to 6 characterized in that the upper support (130) comprises two facing flat pieces, the two pieces being flat parallel to the plane formed by the second axis (y) and the third axis (z).
    [8]
    8. Head (100) according to any of claims 4 to 7 characterized in that the upper support (130) comprises second rollers (180) parallel to the first axis (x), the second rollers (180) being adapted to support on the turning tube (300).
    [9]
    9. Head (100) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the base (110) and the lower support (120) are made of a metallic material.
    [10]
    Head (100) according to claim 4 characterized in that the metallic material is selected from stainless steels, hot galvanized steel and aluminum.
    [11]
    Head (100) according to any of the previous claims characterized in that the first rollers (180) are made of a material selected from stainless steels, hot-dip galvanized steel and aluminum.
    [12]
    Head (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first fixing means (140) and second fixing means (150) are selected from screws, pins, rivets and ferrules.
    [13]
    Head (100) according to any of the previous claims characterized in that the first rollers (180) are joined to the first rollers (180) by means of fourth fixation means (160) selected from among screws, pins, rivets and ferrules.
    [14]
    14. Monitoring system for photovoltaic panels (200) comprising at least one vertical jacking (600) and at least one cylindrical turning tube (300), characterized in that it also comprises a head (100) adjustable according to any of the claims 1 to 13, said head (100) being adapted to receive the at least one turning tube (300), and the driving comprising openings adapted to receive the first fixing means (140) of the head (100).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2019086731A1|2019-05-09|
    ES2715508B2|2020-05-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE502006009427D1|2005-08-20|2011-06-16|Novatec Biosol Ag|Fresnel solar collector arrangement|
    DE102012207749A1|2012-05-09|2013-11-14|Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG|Bearing arrangement and parabolic trough collector|
    DE202015008493U1|2015-12-08|2016-01-12|Arnd Pietrzak|External bearing with swiveling rollers of torsion shafts for sun position tracking|
    CN205725605U|2016-04-29|2016-11-23|广东保威新能源有限公司|A kind of solar tracking device|
    法律状态:
    2019-06-04| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2715508 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20190604 |
    2020-05-04| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2715508 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20200504 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201731287A|ES2715508B2|2017-11-03|2017-11-03|Adjustable head and monitoring system for photovoltaic panels|ES201731287A| ES2715508B2|2017-11-03|2017-11-03|Adjustable head and monitoring system for photovoltaic panels|
    PCT/ES2017/070747| WO2019086731A1|2017-11-03|2017-11-13|Adjustable head and tracker for photovoltaic panels|
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