Device for the treatment of canvases (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

专利摘要:
Device for the treatment of canvases as an auxiliary tool to perform, among others, conservation-restoration treatments on painted canvas supports that include: - a frame, - a set of tension elements of the canvas by individually adjustable elements in each corner of the frame: pins (1), threaded rods (2), nuts (3), washers (13) and/or springs (15); - a magnetic system to achieve regulated and uniform tension on the surface of the canvas: a set of magnets (5) inserted in holes made in the outer edge of the slats (10) of the frame, a second set of free magnets, a metal plate perforated (6) that is inserted in metal gutters (4) located on the inner edge of the slats (10) and that, together with the second set of magnets, helps to expand the tension exerted at a certain point on the fabric towards a larger area, avoiding additional damage during treatment. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2713967A1
申请号:ES201900024
申请日:2019-02-19
公开日:2019-05-24
发明作者:Ortiz María Alicia Sanchez；Emanuel Sterp
申请人:Universidad Complutense de Madrid；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001]
[0002] Device for the treatment of canvases.
[0003]
[0004] Sector of the technique
[0005]
[0006] The present invention fits into the field of linen treatments. More specifically, the invention relates to an auxiliary tool for performances focused on the support of painted fabric and, especially, to the conservation-restoration of easel painting on canvas.
[0007]
[0008] Background of the invention
[0009]
[0010] The canvas has been the pictorial support most used by artists throughout history. It appears frequently recommended in art treatises when lightness and flexibility were required, as it allows the paint to be rolled up for transport, in addition to economic reasons.
[0011]
[0012] From the moment in which the painter concludes his work, the painted fabric and the frame that supports it are subjected to mechanical stresses in response to fluctuations in the parameters of relative humidity (RH) and temperature of the exhibition environment. Textiles are hygroscopic materials susceptible to undergo an aging process with the consequent loss of firmness and elasticity. The fluctuations of RH cause the swelling and the contraction of the fibers that are affected, especially in their modulus of longitudinal elasticity. When the RH increases, the wooden crossbars swell, while the fibers of the textile support contract. These reactions repeated over time can cause a concentration of mechanical stress that will end up resulting in fatigue in the fabric, dimensional changes will be generated and the experimental tissue a lengthening or narrowing of the fibers that compose it with the appearance of deformations, breaks in the threads and, if proper conservation measures are not taken, with a direct impact on the pictorial strata.
[0013]
[0014] As indicated, the fatigue of the textile support will cause the appearance of deformations, the formation of sacks and folds that tend to be more pronounced in the zones of the frame that coincide with the location of the cradles in the frame's crosspieces. It is common that, before a table with the slack fabric, the restorer chooses to introduce the wooden cradles by means of pressure to fit them more in their respective boxes so that with this it is achieved, when expanding the frame, to re-tension the fabric without need to disassemble it. It should be noted that with the expansion of the angles, the tension reaches the central area of the work very slowly and is concentrated mainly in the corners. In some cases, this can cause the formation of micro-fissures, cracks and possible tears of the fibers.
[0015]
[0016] Many of the conservation problems observed in easel painting on canvas are caused by the structural instability of its support. The application of technological means in the field of the preservation-restoration of cultural goods has favored the development of support instruments, such as the Low Pressure Tables, the Mini-Tables of suction, the humidifying chambers, etc. they allow to correct the deformations and the punctual structural alterations of the painted fabric. The high cost of these devices means that they can not be available to most restorers. Due to this it is quite frequent that the latter opt for the use of less sophisticated means such as the direct application of steam, wetting with sheets, the placement of weights, among other systems.
[0017] An economical alternative within the reach of any restorer is the use of perimeter bands of Kraft paper. It consists of four perimeter paper strips, each about 20-25 cm wide, which are moistened and mounted on the selvedge of the painting 1 cm, reinforcing in that area with a minimum contribution of a vinyl adhesive thickened with methylcellulose. The whole is fastened to a board by means of four strips of gummed paper and left to dry for 24 hours. The tension generated by the bands when drying can be enough to correct the deformations of the canvas.
[0018]
[0019] Another option would be to use an elastic stretcher. The wooden frame has numerous strips of synthetic fabric stapled to it, which are distributed at a certain distance from each other and placed along its entire perimeter. The work, on which previously new bands of tension have been adhered, is fastened with two pieces of wood joined by metal moths that press and hold the painted canvas (Serino, C. and Serino, M. (2002). "Un nuovo telaio elastico per i dipinti its fabric. " Kermes 45, (45-48).
[0020]
[0021] Following this line, another design developed for a localized treatment of deformation correction consists of a fixed frame that holds a nylon mesh that will serve as a support element for the whole painted canvas. In the upper part of the frame there are a series of nails that are not fully inserted into the wood. Synthetic cloth bands adhere perpendicularly to the perimeter of the work. Aligned, a series of pins are attached to that edge, which, in turn, each have an elastic band with which it will be hooked to its corresponding nail or screw. At the time of adding humidity it is possible to dose the intensity of the tension of each of the elastic bands so that we can act directly in the area that most requires it (Orata, L. (2010). "Tagli e strappi nei dipinti su fabric: Metodologie di intervento. "Firenze: Nardini, ISBN 9788840441795).
[0022]
[0023] Traditionally the frames are usually made of wood and are formed by four slats, whose corners are usually assembled by means of joints such as half-wood miter, dovetail, and the like. These assemblies have a tension system with cradles. In the last decade of the twentieth century and today have been developing numerous designs with tensors and metal cradles incorporated into the frame of wood or other material, with the aim of achieving a more homogenous and constant distribution of mechanical stresses, in addition to achieving have a mechanism for the regulation of the same without the need to disassemble the fabric.
[0024]
[0025] The need to quantify the tensile forces that cause damage to the fabric support has led to great contributions such as the designs of frames made by Rigamonti in 1967, who incorporated the aluminum and a tension device consisting of a threaded rod that allows the corner openings without generating vibrations. According to Fabeiro, M. and collaborators (Fabeiro, ML, Hamada, S., Illan, A., Romero, R. (2005) .Critical revision of the different types of continuous tension applied to works on canvas. works of Pablo Legot, in II Congress of GEIIC, Investigation in Conservation and Restoration, Barcelona, Acts in CD, University of Barcelona), this system works basically like a wooden cradle since the tension that contributes is not continuous; these investigators also included a spring in the rod and two washers in the ends to facilitate the variation of the tension.
[0026]
[0027] The new continuous tension frames have been developed through the collaboration of interdisciplinary teams and respond to the need to adapt different stress mechanisms to the original wood crossbars, with the aim of providing the frame with greater stability. In this aspect, it is worth highlighting the work on the great canvases of the Galena Dorada of the Ducal Paular of Gandla (Girones, IS, laccarino, IA, Serino, C. (2010) Reflections on the problems, the solutions and the results of the manipulation of the great canvases of the Galena Dorada of the Paular Ducal de Gandla. university of restoration of heritage of the UPV, 4 and 5 (209-210)), where the authors have designed and put into practice a tension system by springs that allows the fabric to be floating on the original frame and with a constant tension . In this same line also highlights the prototype TWP Stretcher with which, after five designs and several modifications, a support was achieved that reinforces the structure and provides a regulated tension. In the latter case, the frame is equipped with a system of rails that is placed on the inner edges of the frame, and has butterfly screws that, instead of being placed in the corners, are installed on the inside edges of the slats (Tsang, J., Madruga, ICC, Williams, D. Pelasara, R., Patterson, R. (2013). "Modernized Stretcher for Paintings on Canvas: Assessment and Observation." AIC Paintings Specialty Group Postprints, 26, (92 -94). ISSN: 2372-1634).
[0028]
[0029] Other racks for preservation-restoration treatments are described in the following patents:
[0030]
[0031] • US4549596A. "Device for tensioning material on frames." Frame to stretch the canvases, with a tension system available in the corners, composed of different angles that, by means of a screw, exerts pressure so that the pieces that form the corners open, causing asl the tension of the canvas.
[0032]
[0033] • US3924343A. "Expandable device for stretching material and method." Frame that includes a tension system by means of different bolts placed in each corner and installed in a hole made in the two slats that close the corner of the frame with an angle of 45 °, and four pieces In the triangle that cover each of the corners of the frame, the rotation of the bolts allows the expansion of the same and, therefore, the opening of the frame, generating tension in the material fixed to the frame. more strength and stability in terms of the degree of expansion and / or retraction of the elements that comprise it.
[0034]
[0035] • US4432150A. "Stretcher frame for an artist's canvas." A tension frame composed of a plurality of individual elements, with a sliding bridge connection between the adjacent elements of the frame, placed in each corner and designed specifically to allow to expand the dimensions of the frame and stretch the frame. canvas.
[0036]
[0037] • US5839214A. "Corner adjustment assembly for an adjustable frame." Movable frame composed of tensioners in each corner, providing stability in them and a regulated tension of the canvas by light movements, generated by the tension systems that act expanding or reducing.
[0038]
[0039] However, devices are still necessary that offer the conservator-restorer minimally invasive solutions during the treatments carried out on the painted canvas supports, when it is necessary to proceed to disassembly of the original frame.
[0040]
[0041] Explanation of the invention
[0042]
[0043] Device for the treatment of canvases
[0044]
[0045] One aspect of the present invention relates to a device for the treatment of canvases, which refers to a specialized support for interventions for the preservation of pictorial work on canvas whose main contribution to other existing frames consists in that the device of the invention allows in a faster, simpler and safer way two types of preservation-restoration actions frequently necessary in pictorial work on canvas: the correction of deformations and the fastening temporary of the work during the treatments; It is important to note that this device can also be used for treatments on canvas other than preservation-restoration.
[0046] The device for the preservation-restoration of painting on canvas and for the treatment of canvases includes:
[0047] - a frame of the type consisting of four slats terminated at each end with a 45 ° cut;
[0048] - a set of tension elements of the canvas to be treated that includes the following individually adjustable elements in each corner of the frame:
[0049] - a metal pin inserted in the thickness of the two slats that make up each corner of the frame;
[0050] - a rod with thread, or threaded, inserted in the thickness of the two strips that make up each corner of the frame;
[0051] - two threaded nuts on the threaded rod;
[0052] - two washers inserted in the threaded rod;
[0053] - two cylinders for the introduction of each of the ends of the rod with thread in each of the two strips of the frame that make up each corner thereof; - at least one cylinder for the introduction of at least one of the ends of the metal pin in one of the two strips of the frame that make up each corner thereof;
[0054] - a magnetic system to achieve a regulated and uniform tension on the entire surface of the canvas to be treated, comprising:
[0055] - holes in the outer edge of each of the slats that make up the frame, with adequate dimensions to accommodate them magnets;
[0056] - a set of magnets inserted in the holes of the outer edge of the slats so that they are flush with the surface of said edge;
[0057] - a second set of magnets;
[0058] - a longitudinal groove in the inner edge of each of the strips of the frame in which a metal channel is inserted;
[0059] - a metal plate that is housed in the metal gutters of the longitudinal grooves of the internal edges of the frames of the frame, in which holes have been made forming a uniform weft.
[0060] Optionally, in each of the cylinders that are placed for the introduction of each of the ends of the threaded rod, a spring can be introduced that contributes to facilitate the slackening of the frame with greater precision and less force.
[0061] The metal pin, as well as the threaded rod, the washers, the nuts and the springs, are preferably manufactured in stainless steel. On the other hand, the metal plate, which we will name throughout this report as a perforated metal plate, it can be made of stainless steel or, to lighten the device, of lighter metals, such as aluminum.
[0062] The magnets can be of any type: ceramics or ferrites, alnico, rare earth, such as neodymium or cobalt samarium or, even, combinations of magnets of different types can be used. Preferably, they are selected from neodymium. To fix them in the holes made in the external edges of the frame strips, an epoxy resin is preferably used. The magnets fixed on the external edges of the slats are placed flush with the surface of the external edges of the slats so that said surface is flat and smooth. The distance between one magnet and the next can be between 5 cm and 7 cm, so that the canvas can be stretched uniformly and evenly when installed in the device.
[0063]
[0064] The magnetic system not only includes the magnets that are fixed on the external edges of the slats, it also includes another second set of magnets that are left free, without fixing definitively to any other element of the device, and which are used to immobilize and Stress the canvas under treatment.
[0065]
[0066] The device can also include other elements to facilitate the tasks during the different phases of the process, such as: synthetic cloth bands to hold the pictorial work to be treated; elements to protect pictorial work such as Tyvek® paper or neoprene tapes.
[0067] In order to manufacture the slats of the frame, low density materials are preferably selected, in order to prevent the weight from hampering its use. Thus, softwoods with a bulk density between 0.350 and 0.550 g / cm2 can be used, either light metals, such as aluminum and its alloys, or rigid plastic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, fluoride of polyvinylidene PVDF and the polyvinyl chloride PVC, or combinations of these materials.
[0068]
[0069] On the other hand, in order to easily modify the dimensions of the device, it is possible to manufacture the slats of the frame in several fragments, with a specific system of union by spikes, in such a way that more auxiliary parts can be assembled to said slats, increasing their dimensions according to the needs, to adapt them to the size of the canvas to be treated. In this case, the device could include several perforated metal plates to be able to choose the appropriate one for each different final size of the device. In this way, different formats are possible, being able to choose the most suitable for each specific case of study.
[0070]
[0071] The device has several applications within the conservation and restoration of pictorial works on canvas. A possible application refers to tensioning a deformed canvas disassembled from its original frame. In this case, it may be useful to make use of four overlapped synthetic fabric bands in addition to the magnets included in the device of the invention; the cloth strips can be fastened, on the one hand, to the outer edge of the frame strips, where the magnets inserted in the outer edge act as a clamp together with free magnets that are placed on the piece of cloth, and on the other hand side on the selvedge or the edges of the picture making a clip with free magnets placed on the fabric band and under the perforated metal plate. The application of a minimum humidity and the tension exerted by the tensile elements located in the corners of the frame, consisting of spikes and rods with thread with nuts and washers and, where appropriate, springs, achieves a satisfactory result.
[0072]
[0073] A second utility provided by this device is the perimetral and temporary fastening of a painted textile support reducing the risk of deterioration by constant manipulations during the restoration phases, contributing at the same time to maintain fixed that support to perform the different interventions. This operation is achieved thanks to the incorporation of the perforated metal plate, preferably made of aluminum, which has holes in the whole surface in a homogeneous way. Said perforated metal sheet acts as a cushion bed due to the flexibility that it presents and contributes to expand the point tension exerted in a determined point on the fabric towards a greater area, avoiding possible additional damages during the treatment. In this way, the painted canvas is placed and tensed by pairs of magnets placed one on the pictorial surface and another on the opposite side of the perforated metal plate. The minimum tension necessary to keep the canvas stable prevents the appearance of possible deformations that the textile support of the work could experience in response to climatic fluctuations or other sources of deterioration.
[0074]
[0075] The device allows a very easy assembly, fast and without the need for tools. It has a set of tension elements of the canvas by means of simple elements individually adjustable in each corner of the frame, and of a magnetic system that allows to achieve a uniform and regulated tension in all the surface of the work that will undergo the intervention. In addition, it allows adapting other elements or devices to facilitate tasks during the different phases of the process
[0076]
[0077] The described invention has different advantages compared to the methods previously exposed in the state of the art for the correction of deformations of pictorial works on canvas. On the one hand, the device of the invention is a much cheaper alternative compared to more sophisticated devices such as low pressure tables that, despite offering excellent results, are very expensive and are unattainable for many restorers. On the other hand, the new device makes in many cases unnecessary the incorporation of other materials to the work, unlike other economic methods, such as the correction of deformations with Kraft paper bands, and is a much more comfortable and simple than these . The device is very easy and fast to install, it is comfortable to manipulate, it is cheaper and lighter than other possible options, but the most important thing, taking into account the minimum intervention criteria, is that this process of intervention is re-treatable, that is to say , allows a restoration process to be carried out again in the work already intervened.
[0078]
[0079] With regard to the temporary fixation of the pictorial support during the operations of intervention on the work, by means of this device we will avoid stapling or spiking the perimeter edge of the original fabric and with it we will reduce the possible risks during the manipulation of the painting.
[0080]
[0081] In addition, it should be noted that the tension that is achieved on the canvas with a sufficient number of magnets is homogeneous and uniform.
[0082]
[0083] Brief description of the drawings
[0084]
[0085] In order to understand the invention and its different applications in the field of conservation and restoration of painting on canvas, the following illustrations are incorporated:
[0086] Figures 1 and 2. Examples of the set of tension elements showing a pin (1), a threaded rod (2) with two nuts (3), each with a washer (13). The metallic channels (4) of the strips (10) of the frame and several magnets ((5) in figure 1 and (51) in figure 2) inserted in the external edges of the strips (10) are also appreciated. of the frame.
[0087] Figure 3. Example of the colocation of the perforated metal plate (6).
[0088]
[0089] Figure 4. Example of the final placement in the frame of the perforated metal sheet (6), which is embedded in the metal channel (4), between the strips (10). Also shown are magnets S-12-03-N (51) embedded in the external edges of the strips (10), the spikes (1) and the threaded rods (2).
[0090] Figure 5. Example of installation to perform a deformation correction.
[0091] Figures 6 and 7. Example of deformation correction process.
[0092] Figure 8. Representation of a tear (73) in a work (7).
[0093] Figure 9. Example of the protection colocation in a damaged area of a work (7), showing the formation of a tear (73) of the fibers of the tissue in the support (71). Magnets Q-20-10-02-N (52) are shown, protected with a Tyvek® paper (12) and a neoprene tape (9).
[0094] Figure 10. Example of the assembled magnetic system for the temporary fixation of a work (7). Figure 11. Example of the temporary and perimetral fastening of a work (7) by means of multiple magnets S-15-03-R (53) placed both on the front and on the back of the work (7), acting as a clamp above and below the perforated metal plate (6).
[0095] Figure 12. Example of placement of fabrics (14) in the device of the invention, to subject them to treatment by magnets S-12-03-N (51). Figure 12a: view of the back. Figure 12b: front view.
[0096] Figure 13. Diagram of the placement of springs (15) on the ends of the cylinders (11) where the threaded rod (2) is inserted.
[0097] PREFERRED REALIZATION OF THE INVENTION
[0098] The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in scope.
[0099] Example 1. Fabrication of a device for the treatment of canvases.
[0100] For this example, a frame of woody material was made. In particular, a laminated fir wood was used. The frame was manufactured with dimensions of 150 x 110 x 3 cm, formed by four slats (10) of laminated fir wood with a rectangular section of 10 x 3 mm (10 cm wide and 3 cm thick), two of they of 150 cm in length and the other two, of 110 cm. This type of wood has physical properties that give it great stability, since its apparent density at 12% humidity is 0.45 kg / m3 and has a coefficient of volumetric contraction of 0.44%, as well as a resistance to the static flexion of 710 kg / cm2.
[0101] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a series of holes 0.3 cm deep and 12 millimeters in diameter separated from each other by a distance of 6 cm were drilled in the outer edge of each strip. They were housed neodymium magnets (5) of the same dimensions that were fixed by extra strong Araldite® Standard epoxy resin, so that they all were flush with the surface of the strip (10), flush with the outer edge of the same. . This adhesive has a traction of 350kg / cm2, a temperature of transition vltrea (Tg) of 40 ° C and a very long working time, up to 90 minutes, which guarantees the operator the correct assembly of each element. The strength of the adhesive used for magnets S-12-03-N (51), incorporated in the wooden frame, has an approximate value of 139.4N. The wood of the frame showed a good behavior with respect to the traction force of the magnets used, showing the high adhesion capacity of the magnets S-12-03-N (51).
[0102] In each of the internal edges of the strips (10) a longitudinal groove of 3 cm in depth and 0.2 cm in width was made, in order to accommodate in the groove a metal channel (4) and later a perforated metal plate (6), which acts as a support for the canvas that is going to intervene. An aluminum plate with dimensions of 93.5 x 133.5 x 0.2 cm was chosen. In the metal sheet multiple holes of 4 mm in diameter were drilled, separated from each other by a distance of 3 mm, forming a uniform pattern over its entire surface. These holes facilitate the attraction between magnets (51) located on both sides of the perforated metal plate (6) and also allow the air circulation between said plate and the canvas or work (7) under treatment (Figures 3 and 4).
[0103]
[0104] The four corners of the frame were made by 45 ° cuts of the ends of the slats that conform them and they were equipped with a tension mechanism composed of stainless steel pins (1), as well as threaded rods (2), nuts (3) and washers (13). As for the spikes, a telescopic system was incorporated within the set of tension elements of the canvas where a spike (1) 7 cm long and with a diameter of 6 mm, permanently inserted in one of the two slats (10) up to half its length it penetrates into the opposite lath inside a metal cylinder (11) having a diameter of 8 mm and 4 cm of depth (Fig. 2). In this way, the pin (1) enters and leaves the metal cylinder (11) as the mechanism is opened or closed by the system of threaded rod (2) nuts (3) and washers (13) (Fig. 2), while that remains embedded in the opposite side of the corner of the frame. This considerably reduces the friction between the wood of the slat (10) and the stainless steel of the spike (1); furthermore, when the frame is opened, the stainless steel pin (1) reinforces the corners, preventing the work (7) from moving during the operation.
[0105]
[0106] With respect to the rest of the tension elements, the threaded rods (2) nuts (3) and washers (13) were placed in the inner part of the strip (10) and the ends of the rods were housed inside metal cylinders located in each of the ends of the slats that make up a corner, with dimensions of 6 cm long and with a diameter of 10 mm (Fig. 2). Unlike the previous telescopic system, the threaded rods (2) in this case were not fixed on any of the strips (10), so that opening on both sides is facilitated. To facilitate access to the nuts (3) and the manipulation of the same with a key, the strips (10) in the inner edges were made with a cut as a box (Fig. 2).
[0107]
[0108] It should be noted that both the pins (1) and the threaded rods (2) were placed at the same height of the strip (10) with respect to the thickness thereof.
[0109]
[0110] Example 2. Example of installation system to perform deformation correction.
[0111] When a painting on canvas has suffered some kind of deformation in the support (71) it is necessary to intervene to stabilize it in a way that guarantees the survival of the work (7).
[0112] In a frame made according to example 1, a total of 102 magnets S-12-03-N (51) (Figs 5, 6 and 7) were installed in the four outer edges, placed at a distance between one and the other. 6 cm, in the holes made in the outer edges of the slats (10), as described in example 1.
[0113]
[0114] Prior to carrying out the intervention described in this example, the tears present in the work were analyzed since, during the tensioning process, if these damages are not protected, they could experience some deformation. To solve these drawbacks, a series of models made with synthetic fabric bands (8) Lipari, with a grammage of 260g / m2, traditional preparation of plaster and animal glue, and a layer of oil paint were prepared. Other types of similar synthetic fabrics could also be used (for example: ISPRA 130g / m2 or ISPRA 100g / m2) or some natural fabric (for example: Linen 2297170g / m2). The result obtained showed a separation between 0.5-1 cm of tear (73), represented in figure 8, hence the need to protect said areas. In order to secure this vulnerable part of the support (71) to the tension and also to prevent the magnets from being marked on the pictorial layer of the work (72), a sheet of Tyvek® paper (12) was placed, a neoprene (9) and, then, different magnets Q-20-10-02-N (52), both on the front and on the back of the tear (73) (Fig. 9).
[0115]
[0116] The synthetic cloth bands (8) fastened the work (7) by its perimeter with the help of 178 magnets Q-20-10-02-N (52), respecting a distance between each magnet of 2 cm, and at the same time they held together the outer edges of the frame with 102 magnets S-12-03-N (51) (Figs 6 and 7). Each pair of magnets acts as a clamp to hold both the original painted canvas and the new synthetic fabric perimeter strips (8) of Lipari polyester. In figure 5, we can see the textile support (71) and the pictorial layer (72) of the work (7) held by magnets Q-20-10-02-N (52) placed on the perimeter of the work (7 ), with their respective poles (N and S) to perform the attraction action, and using a synthetic cloth band (8) and magnets S-12-03-N (51), with its respective pole (N and S) ), to fasten the work (7) to the strip (10) of the device by means of the synthetic fabric perimeter strips (8). Figures 6 and 7 show the four synthetic cloth bands (8) placed on the perimeter of the work (7) and fastened, together with the work (7), by magnets Q-20-10-02-N (52). In the outer edge of the strips (10), the strips or strips of synthetic fabric (8) are fastened with magnets S-12-03-N (51). It is also appreciated the set of tension elements: pins (1), threaded rods (2), nuts (3) and washers (13).
[0117]
[0118] The magnetic holding force of each magnet is approximately 23.5N. The tension applied to the work (7) during the process of correction of deformations of the textile support (71) ranged between 2.5 and 3.5 N / cm, and the work was subjected to said tension for 24 hours. After that interval of time, it was observed that the textile support has recovered the flatness lost during the deterioration process. This tension was enough to achieve the objective pursued.
[0119]
[0120] Example 3. Temporary support of a work.
[0121]
[0122] As described in example 1, in the internal edges of the frame used in this example, a longitudinal cut of 3 cm in depth and 4 mm in thickness was made, just by half the thickness of the edge, in such a way that he was able to introduce a metal gutter (4) that later received the perforated metal plate (6) (Fig. 10). A stainless steel sheet was selected, with dimensions of 93.5 x 133.5 x 0.2 cm, which has fine holes, 4 mm in diameter, distributed over the entire surface to favor air circulation when the work (7) is deposited on the metal sheet, avoiding possible damages and, furthermore, contributing to improve the attraction of the magnetic field between two magnets (5 and 51 in figures 3 and 4, respectively).
[0123]
[0124] In this way, you can place the work (7) to be treated, once disassembled from its original frame, and proceed to assemble the work (7) provisionally with the help of neodymium magnets S-15-03-R (53) (Fig. 11), so that it is ready to submit it to as many restoration operations as necessary. In figure 10, an outline of the perforated magnetic plate (6), inserted in the slat (10) of the frame, the textile support (71) and the pictorial layer (72) of the work (7), magnets S, are shown. -15-03-R (53) with their respective poles (N and S) and magnets S-12-03-N (51) embedded in the slats (10). Thus, a canvas was kept under a minimum tension on the surface of the perforated metal sheet (6) for four weeks and it was found that the work (7) did not undergo any dimensional change.
[0125]
[0126] Example 4. Application of the device in the treatment of punishing fabrics of natural fibers.
[0127] A device was made according to example 1 but with a distance between magnets of 5 cm, a linen fabric (14) of dimensions of 170 x 130 cm was placed and fastened with the 152 magnets S-12-03-N ( 51) installed on the outer edges of the strips (10) of the frame and the corresponding free magnets, after wetting the fabric (Fig. 12a and 12b). Through the set of tension elements, a first tension was made and after drying the fabric a second tension was applied again. The procedure was repeated three times. After finishing the process and with the tensioned fabric, a work was entertained by means of a suction table.
[0128]
[0129] Example 5. Fabrication of a device for the treatment of canvases of variable size.
[0130] A frame was developed whose slats are composed of several fragments made of PVC polyvinyl chloride rigid:
[0131]
[0132] - two strips of 100 cm formed by two fragments of 50 cm each one united these fragments by spikes;
[0133]
[0134] - two 60 cm slats formed by two fragments of 30 cm each joined by spikes;
[0135] - four fragments of 50 cm each, prepared to be joined by spikes to other fragments;
[0136]
[0137] - four fragments of 30 cm each, prepared to be joined by spikes to other fragments.
[0138]
[0139] All the ribbon fragments were made 8 cm wide and 2.5 cm thick. The corners, the external edges and the internal edges of the ribbon fragments were designed as described in Example 1, so that the magnets can be inserted in them, at a distance of 5 cm between them, and the plates Corresponding perforated metal. Three aluminum perforated metal plates were included for the 3-size devices: 100 x 60 cm, 130 x 90 cm and 150 x 110 cm, with dimensions of 85 x 43 cm, 115 x 75 cm, 135 x 95 cm and all the spikes needed to join the different fragments of the slats.
[0140]
[0141] Example 6. Inclusion of springs in the set of tension elements of the corners of the frame.
[0142]
[0143] A device was manufactured as described in example 1, in which the metal cylinders (11) in which the ends of the rods (2) of the corners were housed were designed with dimensions of 8 cm to be included in they each springs (15) of 2 cm length each (Figure 13). In this way, when the frame is opened, the springs (15) are tensioned and, when closed, the springs (15) are loosened, which facilitates the slackening of the frame with greater precision and less force.

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1]
1. Device for the treatment of canvases that includes:
- a frame formed by four slats (10) terminated at each end with a 45 ° cut; - a set of tension elements of the canvas to be treated that includes the following individually adjustable elements in each corner of the frame:
- a metal spike (1);
- a rod with thread (2), or threaded;
- two nuts (3);
- two washers (13);
- at least one cylinder (11) for the introduction of one end of the metal pin (1) at the end of at least one of the two strips (10) of the frame that make up each corner thereof;
- two cylinders (11) for the introduction of each end of the rod with thread (2) at the end of each of the two strips (10) of the frame that make up each corner thereof;
- a magnetic system comprising:
- holes in the outer edge of each of the strips (10) that make up the frame, with suitable dimensions to accommodate magnets (5) therein;
- a set of magnets inserted in the holes of the outer edge of the strips (10) so that the external surface of said magnets is flush with the surface of said ridge;
- a second set of magnets;
- a longitudinal groove in the internal edge of each of the slats of the frame in which a metal channel (4) is housed;
- a metal plate that is housed in the metal gutters (4) of the longitudinal grooves of the internal edges of the slats (10) of the frame, in which holes have been made forming a uniform pattern and giving rise to a perforated metal sheet (6)
[2]
Device according to claim 1, in which a spring (15) is included in each of the cylinders (11) for the introduction of each end of the threaded rod (11).
[3]
Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the metal pin (1), the threaded rod (2), the nuts (3), the washers (13), the metal cylinders (11) and / or the springs (15) are made of stainless steel.
[4]
Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which one end of the metal stud (1) is adhered to the slat portion (10) into which it is embedded.
[5]
Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the material of the perforated metal sheet (6) is selected from stainless steel and aluminum.
[6]
Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the magnets (5) are selected from the group formed by: ceramics or ferrites, alnico, rare earth (neodymium or cobalt samarium) or combinations thereof.
[7]
Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the strips (10) of the frame are made of wood with a bulk density comprised between 0.350 and 0.550 g / cm2, aluminum, aluminum alloys, rigid plastic materials and / or combinations thereof. same.
[8]
Device according to any of the preceding claims which, furthermore, includes: synthetic fabric strips, Tyvek® paper and / or neoprene tapes.
[9]
Device according to any one of the preceding claims, the slats of which are formed by at least two fragments joined by spikes and which can be separated to admit the addition of one or more fragments.
[10]
10. Device according to claim 9 which includes two or more perforated metal plates of sizes suitable for the sizes that the frame can adopt when adding slat fragments to the slats.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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ES2713967B2|2020-01-29|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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DE2933838A1|1979-08-21|1981-09-10|Becker & Hach, 3440 Eschwege|Picture frame for easy interchange of photographs - has spring-biased mitred corners pulled apart to release picture|

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US4332495A|1980-04-29|1982-06-01|Europatent S.A.|Wooden frames or the like having two frame parts adapted to be connected by a clamping-eccentric connector|

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US20130160338A1|2011-12-21|2013-06-27|Dennis R. Forbis|Picture mount apparatus|

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法律状态:
2019-05-24| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2713967 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20190524 |

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2020-01-29| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2713967 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20200129 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ES201900024A|ES2713967B2|2019-02-19|2019-02-19|Device for the treatment of canvases|ES201900024A| ES2713967B2|2019-02-19|2019-02-19|Device for the treatment of canvases|