• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method of joining (1) between wooden structural elements based on the use of bicomponent epoxy resins (6), which are poured into slotted or recessed (3) made in the wooden elements (2) subject to union in which previously a metal fitting (4) has been introduced. The epoxy resin (6) fills the gaps between the metal fitting (4) and the slotted or slotted (3) made by numerical control on the wooden beams (2). The stress transmission is carried out by friction in the contact between the wood (2) and the fitting (4) by means of the epoxy resin (6). With this method, a durable union without maintenance is achieved, where the metal fitting (4) is protected from the humidity of the environment and the flames of the fire in case of fire. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2713773A1
    申请号:ES201700776
    申请日:2017-11-23
    公开日:2019-05-23
    发明作者:Lopez Fermín Lora
    申请人:Koto 1998 S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Hidden connection system with steel sheet glued on wooden structures.
    [0003]
    [0004] Sector of the technique
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention belongs to the sector of wood structures and more specifically to the field of joints between wooden structural elements.
    [0007]
    [0008] The main object of the present invention is the resolution of joints between wooden structural elements such as beams, pillars or porticos, effectively, providing the union between the various elements of the necessary continuity and rigidity.
    [0009]
    [0010] Background of the invention
    [0011]
    [0012] The execution of wooden structures involves the union of pieces of different sections and typologies among themselves. The unions between the different structural elements suppose singular points in which it is necessary to carry out a detailed study of the same since the failure of one of the unions can suppose the collapse of the structure.
    [0013]
    [0014] Traditionally the structures have been solved by means of the denominated carpenter unions or traditional unions that base their method of union in the mechanized and assembled of the wood reducing to the minimum the use of other materials.
    [0015]
    [0016] In traditional joints, the stresses are transmitted from one element to another through boxes or recesses and spikes or keys, transmitting the axial forces of the structure based on compression and tangential effort.
    [0017]
    [0018] The use of metallic elements such as screws or points, in the traditional joints only fulfills the function of preventing the relative displacement between pieces and the consequent disassembly of the joint.
    [0019]
    [0020] While currently the existence of numerical control machinery reduces the difficulty of the execution of machining, in the previous decades the need for skilled labor for its execution preferably given to the use of so-called mechanical unions, being the unions most used today.
    [0021]
    [0022] Mechanical joints are those that use metal fittings for the transmission of stresses. At the same time, inside the mechanical joints we can distinguish the peg-type connections, meaning nails, staples, screws, bolts and pins. The method of fixation is based on transmitting the efforts through metal fittings through stresses of crushing on the pieces of wood.
    [0023]
    [0024] Connections with connectors where the effort is transmitted through the increase of the contact surface. They receive the name of connectors the fixation elements in the form of plate with projections, toothed plate or ring, which are inserted tight between two pieces of wood and fixed by a bolt that crosses the pieces.
    [0025]
    [0026] Explanation of the invention
    [0027]
    [0028] The method of bonding between wooden structural elements object of the invention comprises three main elements (wood structure, epoxy resin and metal hardware) that allow to solve the knots of the structure in a rigid and safe manner.
    [0029] The main advantages of this invention are summarized below:
    [0030]
    [0031] • The metal fitting is introduced into the joint and the stresses are transmitted between the wooden elements of the knot by the tensions in the contact of the wood with the resin and of this with the fitting, being unnecessary tightening of screws that with time could need to be readjusted.
    [0032]
    [0033] • In areas of special humidity, the fitting is fully embedded in the joint and therefore not exposed to the humidity of the environment or the corrosion problems associated with it.
    [0034]
    [0035] • In the event of fire, the metal fitting is protected by the wood, which will carbonize on its outer surface in contact with the flames and keep the section sufficient to guarantee the union during the required time.
    [0036]
    [0037] For the execution of the union, two or more wooden elements are required that come together in the same knot, a metal fitting that is completely embedded in the wooden elements and the epoxy resin that fills the gaps between the metal fitting and the wood. .
    [0038]
    [0039] The wooden elements that come together in a knot have slotted or recessed ends made by numerical control in which the metal fitting is inserted. These slotted or recessed, will be of sufficient size to house the hardware and will have a few millimeters of slack to get the epoxy resin penetrate and fill the gaps between the metal hardware and wood.
    [0040]
    [0041] The width of the wooden elements to be joined will be taken into account to determine if a recess or two at the end thereof is necessary in order to transmit the efforts effectively. The grooves or grooves made will not be through, being able to hold the metal fitting in the joint during the pouring without the need of any fixing element.
    [0042] The metal fittings used will be steel sheets with as many "wings" as elements to be joined The thickness and dimensions of the steel sheets will be determined depending on the efforts of the union and the size of the elements to be joined.
    [0043]
    [0044] Prevent corrosion of the steel prior to its introduction into the union, for this reason a priming epoxy resin will be applied to the fittings protecting them from corrosion. Once the union of the steel hardware with the wood by means of the adhesive epoxy resin, the hardware is totally hidden avoiding its exposure to the environment.
    [0045]
    [0046] In order to improve the contact surface between the steel fitting and the wood materialized with the epoxy resin, the surface of the fitting will be rough and stiff, thus increasing the joint surface.
    [0047]
    [0048] Prior to the pouring of the epoxy resin, the wooden elements are arranged according to the final disposition of the knot to be solved. The heads of the elements to be joined will be sealed in order to prevent the resin from running through the gaps existing in the joint.
    [0049]
    [0050] The fitting is arranged in its final position in the slotted or slotted area, ensuring that there is sufficient space in all the contact surfaces of the fitting through which the epoxy resin penetrates.
    [0051] The epoxy resin is presented by two separate components in different containers. One of them contains the epoxy resin while the other one is a hardener. Both liquids are mixed by mechanical agitator in a single container that will later be used for pouring the resin into the joint. The support of the mixture should be clean, free of dust, oils or grease.
    [0052] The reaction between both components is an exothermic reaction, so that the safety measures associated with it will be taken, such as the use of gloves.
    [0053] The resulting fluid is of viscous consistency and allows to penetrate into clearances of between 2 and 4 mm minimum width. The application temperature will oscillate between 10 ° C and 35 ° C.
    [0054] Once the effective mixing of both components has been achieved, recognizing the homogeneity of the resulting liquid and the absence of lumps of any of the components, the epoxy resin can be poured into the joint.
    [0055] The pouring of the resin is done manually, pouring it by gravity in the union and ensuring that the epoxy resin penetrates and fills all the existing gaps between the metal hardware and wood.
    [0056] Hardening of the union at room temperature occurs within 24 hours after pouring. Once the resin has hardened, the union is guaranteed and no further treatment is necessary.
    [0057] Brief description of the drawings
    [0058] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, it is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a set of drawings in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, the following:
    [0059] Figure 1.- Shows a perspective of the union with the cutting of the elements that compose it.
    [0060] Figure 2.- Shows a perspective of the metal fitting with a rough surface.
    [0061] Figure 3.- Shows a perspective of a wooden beam with the detail of the cajeado or slotted for the union and the sealed.
    [0062] Figure 4.- Shows a perspective of a possible realization of the union when it comes to two beam elements.
    [0063] Figure 5.- Shows a perspective of a wooden beam of greater width with the detail of the double cajeado for the union.
    [0064] Figure 6 shows a perspective of a possible realization of the union when it is two wide beam elements.
    [0065] Figure 7.- Shows a perspective of a possible realization of the union when it comes to four beam elements.
    [0066] Figure 8 shows a perspective of a possible realization of the union when it comes to six beam elements.
    [0067] Figure 9.- Shows a perspective of a possible realization of the union when it comes to the union between a pillar and a beam or truss.
    [0068]
    [0069] Figure 10.- Shows a perspective of a possible realization of the union when it comes to the elements that make up a truss.
    [0070]
    [0071] Figure 11.- Shows a perspective of a possible realization of the union when dealing with curved guideline elements.
    [0072]
    [0073] Preferred embodiment of the invention
    [0074]
    [0075] In view of the mentioned figures, and in accordance with the numeration adopted, an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed, which comprises the parts and elements that are indicated and described in detail below.
    [0076]
    [0077] Asl, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 8, a possible preferred embodiment of the union with resin (1) between wooden elements in question, comprises the following elements:
    [0078]
    [0079] • a series of wooden beams (2) of different sections and typologies, with their corresponding slotted or recessed (3) at the end to be joined.
    [0080]
    [0081] • the joint between the wooden beams (2) is sealed (5) to avoid the draining of the epoxy resin (6).
    [0082]
    [0083] • a metal fitting (4) that is inserted into the slotted or recessed (3) of the beams to be joined (2).
    [0084]
    [0085] • the bicomponent epoxy resin (6) which, once mixed with a mechanical agitator in a clean and dry container (7), is poured by gravity into the space between the slotted or recessed (3) of the beams to be joined (2) and the fitting metal (4), filling all the holes.
    [0086] In this preferred embodiment, the union of six wooden beam elements (2) is achieved, which makes it especially useful for the resolution of monolayer structures, where a large number of bars (2) converge in a knot.
    [0087]
    [0088] Another preferred embodiment of the invention (1) is shown in figure 4, where two wooden beam elements (2) are joined by a metal fitting (4) that only has two wings. Both wooden beams (2) are sealed in the contact head (5), the metal fitting (4) is inserted in the slotted or slotted (3) that both beams present and the bicomponent epoxy resin (6) is poured, filling all the holes This realization is of special utility when dealing with beam elements (2) of great length and that can be discretized in beams (2) of smaller length for their better handling and / or transport and later be joined to obtain the beam (2) of the required length.
    [0089]
    [0090] Another preferred embodiment of the invention (1) is shown in figure 9, where the meeting of a wooden portico between the wooden pillar (8) and a beam or truss (9) is resolved by employing a metal fittings (4) and the pouring of epoxy resin (6) from the upper face of the beam or truss (9) in the slotted or slotted (3) made in both elements. The contact surface (5) is sealed between both elements as shown in Figure 3.
    [0091] Another preferred embodiment of the invention (1) can be seen in figure 10, in which the inner connections of the elements of a truss are shown. In this figure you can to appreciate how it is resolved by using the epoxy resin (6) and the metal fitting (4) the union between the elements that make up a truss as the union of the pairs (8) with the tie (9); the union of the pairs in the ridge (8) with the pendolon (12); the union of the brace (9) with the pendolon (10) and the braces (11); and the union of the jabalcones (11) with the pairs (8).
    [0092] A further preferred embodiment of the invention (1) is shown in figure 11, wherein the use of the invention in the union of curved guide beams is observed. In the aforementioned figure, the resolution can be seen by using the epoxy resin (6) and the metal fitting (4) that was introduced into the recess (3), the union between two curved guide elements (2).
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. Method of union between wooden structural elements through the use of epoxy resins that includes the following stages:
    - grooving or slotting (3) of the wooden beams to be joined (2).
    - placement of the wooden beams (2) in their final disposition in the union and sealing of the heads between both (5) to prevent the epoxy resin from dripping (6).
    - introduction of the fluted metal fitting (4) in the grooving or slotting (3) of the wooden beams (2) leaving enough clearance for the epoxy resin (6) to penetrate between the metal fitting (4) and the wooden beams ( two).
    - Mixing the bicomponent epoxy resin (6) in clean and dry container (7) by mechanical stirrer.
    - pouring the epoxy resin (6) into the existing holes between the grooves or recesses (3) of the wooden beams (2) and the metal fitting.
    - drying of the epoxy resin (6) and definitive arrangement of the joint without the need for any other action.
    [2]
    2. Structural element of wood, union object. It can be beams, pillars, porches and any other element of wood intervening in a structure in its different types and sections.
    [3]
    3. Cajeado realized by means of numerical control in the ends of the wooden elements (2) to be united and that will be of a size slightly superior to the metal fitting (4) that will lodge to allow the correct pouring of the epoxy resin (6) ). In case of wooden beams (2) of wide width, the slotted or slotted can be double.
    [4]
    4. Metallic hardware with a rough surface to increase the contact surface with the epoxy resin (6) and that is inserted into the grooves or grooves (3) made in the wooden structural elements (2). You can have as many "wings" as elements to join.
    [5]
    5. Sealing of the union between the heads of the wooden structural elements (2) to prevent the epoxy resin from dripping (6).
    [6]
    6. Bicomponent epoxy resin (6) that is mechanically mixed in a clean and dry container (7) generating an exothermic reaction so that the necessary precaution measures must be taken. Once a homogenous mixture is obtained, it is poured by gravity, filling in the gaps between the grooves or grooves (3) of the wooden beams (2) and the metal fitting (4).
    [7]
    7. Clean and dry container where the mixture of the two components of the epoxy resin (6) is made by mechanical mixer.
    [8]
    8. Wood pair (8) that makes up a truss. It is shown separately from the wooden structural elements (2) as a preferential use of the particular invention.
    [9]
    9. Wooden brace (9) that makes up a truss. It is shown separately from the wooden structural elements (2) as a preferential use of the particular invention.
    [10]
    10. Wooden pendolon (10) that makes up a truss. It is shown separately from the wooden structural elements (2) as a preferential use of the particular invention.
    [11]
    11. Wooden Jabalcon (11) that makes up a truss. It is shown separately from the wooden structural elements (2) as a preferential use of the particular invention.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2713773B2|2020-11-03|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2398603A|1945-04-18|1946-04-16|Gustave J Soderberg|Fastener|
    DE1862518U|1962-09-11|1962-11-22|Arno Votteler|ANGLE PROFILE RAIL MADE OF METAL FOR CONNECTING FURNITURE COMPONENTS.|
    US3437360A|1966-06-06|1969-04-08|Simpson Timber Co|Splined butt joint system for lumber siding|
    EP0620332A1|1993-03-24|1994-10-19|Ferwood S.A.|Process for the connecting of wooden elements and epoxy-based composition used in the process|
    DE9319497U1|1993-12-18|1994-03-03|Bathon Leander Dr|A connection of wood-based materials and all types of materials with the help of adhesives|
    EP1630427A1|2004-08-27|2006-03-01|Lamello AG|Joining element for joining two workpieces|
    DE102013002104A1|2013-02-08|2014-08-14|Hochschule Trier|Supporting structure made of wood with a first rod-shaped or planar support element and at least one second rod-shaped or sheet-like support element|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201700776A|ES2713773B2|2017-11-23|2017-11-23|Hidden connection system with glued sheet steel on wooden structures|ES201700776A| ES2713773B2|2017-11-23|2017-11-23|Hidden connection system with glued sheet steel on wooden structures|
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