• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An energy optimizing apparatus for use in single-phase or three-phase alternating current electric networks, wherein said electric energy optimizing apparatus can be connected to inductive, resistive, capacitive current loads or mixed current loads, said electric power optimizing apparatus. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2711179A1
    申请号:ES201831045
    申请日:2018-10-30
    公开日:2019-04-30
    发明作者:Salinas Rodrigo Cesar Ibarra
    申请人:Vazquez Hernandez Angel；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention is related to devices for saving energy, and more particularly with an energy optimizing and voltage conditioning apparatus that achieves an effective saving of active power.
    [0007]
    [0008] DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
    [0009]
    [0010] AC electric devices use energy in a particular way. A part of that energy is actually consumed by the apparatus to perform a job, for example, so that the motor of a pump raises the water to the tank, or to heat the filament of a lamp. This power is known as active power, it is measured in Watts and it is designated with the letter P. Another part of the energy taken from the network is not "spent" by the electric devices, but the source (electric company) delivers that power. energy and the device stores it momentarily and then returns it to the source.
    [0011]
    [0012] In this way there is an exchange of energy between the source and the device, which on average turns out to be zero, so it does not produce useful work. This form of power is known as reactive power only appears when there are reactive components in the circuit (coils or capacitors) and is the energy flow temporarily stored in the form of electric or magnetic field in those elements.
    [0013]
    [0014] The apparent power (S), is the total power consumed by the load and is the product of the effective values of tension and intensity. It is obtained as the vectorial sum of the active and reactive powers and represents the total occupation of the facilities due to the connection of the receiver.
    [0015]
    [0016] The power factor or cosine of "fi" (Cos <p) represents the value of the angle that is formed by graphically representing the active power (P) and the apparent power (S), that is, the ratio existing between the real working power and the total power consumed by the load or the consumer connected to an electric circuit of alternating current
    [0017]
    [0018] The power factor indicates how the electrical energy is used and provides a measure of the efficiency of the device. Engines, and transformers, tend to worsen the power factor (which varies between 0 and 1). Thus, a power factor of 0.8 means that, of the total energy supplied, only 80% is adequately used to produce work, - how to operate an appliance.
    [0019]
    [0020] There are currently several types of energy savers available in the market. The most common type of energy saver has a capacitor to correct the power factor of reactive inductive loads generating a reactive capacitive.
    [0021]
    [0022] In the domestic field, only the so-called active energy consumed, measured in kilowatt hours (kWh), is invoiced. Thus, having a power saver of these characteristics connected to the home electrical network, plugged into any plug of the domestic network, is equivalent to generating capacitive reactive power in the electrical system of the home, of which normally it exists in minor measure in the electrical systems, since there is always more inductive reactive in the networks.
    [0023]
    [0024] The idea behind this type of energy saving equipment is that it balances both loads so that there is a much less waste of energy, however, in the domestic sector the reactive energy consumed is not invoiced, and, therefore, is not achieve any savings by installing capacitors.
    [0025]
    [0026] The capacitors provide part of the reactive power needed by the coils (of an engine, for example). Having a capacitor connected all the time could correct the power factor when there is a fan or a running air conditioner, but it would worsen it at the time when there is no motor connected, becoming counterproductive.
    [0027]
    [0028] Therefore, it would be highly desirable to have an energy saver that can re induce the flow of energy stored temporarily in the form of an electric or magnetic field in the windings of the motors or compressors (inductive load) and that can decrease the active power.
    [0029] In view of the aforementioned need, the applicant developed an energy optimizing apparatus, which achieves an effective saving of active power, improves the quality of current and voltage through the phase shift of the current intensity with respect to the voltage, thus shortening the micro points of the voltage, optimizing them in quality and re induces the flow of energy temporarily stored in the form of electric or magnetic field in the windings of the motors or compressors (inductive load).
    [0030]
    [0031] The energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention comprises a magnetic circuit composed of a coil and a ferromagnetic core, which achieves an acceleration of charges by means of which said loads are reintroduced back into the network without it being necessary to use any type of shadow loop, blind loop, electronics of any type or other external device.
    [0032]
    [0033] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0034]
    [0035] It is therefore a principal objective of the present invention to provide an energy optimizing apparatus, which comprises a magnetic circuit composed of a coil and a ferromagnetic core, which achieves an acceleration of charges by means of which said loads are achieved. reintroduce back into the network without it being necessary to use any type of shadow loop, blind loop, electronics of any type or other external device.
    [0036]
    [0037] It is another main objective of the present invention to provide an energy optimizing apparatus of the nature described above, which achieves an effective saving of active power.
    [0038]
    [0039] It is still a principal objective of the present invention to provide a power optimizing apparatus of the nature described above, which improves the quality of current and voltage by offsetting the current intensity with respect to the voltage, thereby shortening the micro points of the sine wave of the voltage, optimizing them in quality.
    [0040]
    [0041] It is a further object of the present invention to provide an energy optimizing apparatus of the above-described nature, which induces
    [0042]
    [0043] the flow of energy stored temporarily in the form of an electric or magnetic field in the windings of the motors or compressors (inductive load).
    [0044]
    [0045] These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the following detailed description of the invention.
    [0046]
    [0047] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0048]
    [0049] Figure 1A is a diagram of the work coil of the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention.
    [0050]
    [0051] Figure 1B is a diagram of the control coil of the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention.
    [0052]
    [0053] Figure 2 is a schematic of the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention.
    [0054]
    [0055] Figure 3 shows a connection diagram of the energy optimizing apparatus for a single-phase system.
    [0056]
    [0057] Figure 4 is a diagram of a three-phase system showing the connection of an energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention connected to each phase of a three-phase system.
    [0058]
    [0059] Figure 5a, comprises a sinusoidal graph showing the phase-shifted current in relation to the voltage.
    [0060]
    [0061] Figure 5b, comprises a sinusoidal graph in which the voltage is shown offset in relation to the current.
    [0062]
    [0063] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0064]
    [0065] The energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention will now be described in accordance with a preferred embodiment thereof and with reference to the accompanying figure, wherein the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention can be used for monophasic and three-phase systems and understands for each phase:
    [0066]
    [0067] a ferromagnetic core member in the form of a square made of a material ferromagnetic, formed by two secondary members parallel to each other and a first core member and a second core member parallel to each other;
    [0068]
    [0069] a winding called a work coil, composed of one or more work coils, each work coil having an input in phase and an output in the same phase and each work coil surrounding the first core member in a specific longitudinal location thereof , depending on the input voltage, where the selected work coil depends on the input voltage, it is connected in series with the corresponding phase and has the function of generating a first magnetic field in the ferromagnetic core called the self-induced field. Figure 1A shows a diagram of the work coil (BT), where (1) represents the phase current input to the chosen work coil, (4) represents the current output from the work coil to the load in their respective phase and (C1) and (C2) represent the intermediate connections.
    [0070]
    [0071] a coil called a maneuver coil, which surrounds the second core member, having a phase input connected in parallel with the phase input of the selected work coil, an output in the same phase and a neutral tap, where said second coil is energized by the monophasic fixed current, and wherein said second coil generates a fixed electromagnetic field. Figure 1B shows a diagram of the control coil (BM), where (230), (0) represents the supply input of the supply network in phase and "T" is taken by the corresponding phase, and will depend on the voltage of the supply network. each country or region.
    [0072]
    [0073] Figure 2 shows a diagram of a phase of the apparatus of the present invention where l U are the supply inputs of the electric network and l 'U' the outputs of each coil to the loads of the installation with the load properly accelerated and optimized . (A) represents the phase input of the control coil.
    [0074]
    [0075] The self-induced field generated by the work coil circulates through the ferromagnetic core and joins with the fixed magnetic field generated by the maneuver coil, which accelerates the self-induced field, absorbing, on the one hand, the parasitic currents, peaks of tension and part of reactive currents, that is, clean the sine wave of everything previously exposed. The work coil induces an electromagnetic field that thanks to the hysteresis cycle magnetizes the ferromagnetic nucleus until reaching the point of magnetic saturation. With the core already magnetized with a magnetic charge, and the maneuver coil accelerates said load which will be induced again into the power supply network, where said acceleration creates a phase shift and shortening of the intensity with respect to the voltage.
    [0076]
    [0077] The voltage peaks, and supplied imperfections caused by the electrical network itself, are stored in the body of the magnetic core, generating a constant and stable magnetic flux. This magnetic flux advances the subsequent incoming wave when an offset of the current with respect to the voltage is created, allowing time for the accelerated loads for the control coil to be integrated back into the electrical network by the serial connection of the work coil, where the work coil charges magnetic flux and the maneuver coil accelerates said load. Consequently, a vector lag between intensity and voltage of between 2 and 3 degrees minimum is created. This value will depend on the type of installation and will be lower or higher according to characteristics. For this purpose, it is not necessary to use any type of shadow, blind turn, electronic coils of any type or other external device other than those mentioned above.
    [0078]
    [0079] Thanks to said phase shift factor and thanks to the shortening of the vacuum spaces of the micro points of the sinusoidal lines of the voltage, the electric supply input is facilitated, given its filtering, to the receivers or loads. With this shortening between the intensity and voltage, taking advantage of the amount of magnetic flux created in the windings of the motors or compressors (inductive load) connected in series to the work coil:
    [0080]
    [0081] When it is in a ferromagnetic core magnetized with the first cycle of intensity fed to the work coil, with the consecutive cycle steps, it is possible to accelerate the loads of the magnetic flux (^), since the nucleus is charged due to the cycle of hysteresis. With this acceleration effect, the accelerated loads are reintroduced back into the connected network, in the same way as if it were a generating plant that raised a few volts to its production to revert to the existing network its production of electric supply. At the same time the ford spaces and micro points of the voltage sine wave are compacted, thus optimizing its initial state, creating a cleaner sinusoidal wave in its output eliminating possible impurities, parasitic currents, and stabilizing it, giving its output a constant wave favoring the life of the receivers. In addition, thanks to this factor, less joule effect losses are obtained and the life of the receivers is lengthened, keeping the voltage value constant and absorbing the possible voltage spikes that the supplying companies can supply.
    [0082] By stabilizing the voltage and with the sum of the charges created, by acceleration and loaded in the ferromagnetic core a decrease in active power is achieved.
    [0083]
    [0084] The law of ohm reflects the following expression:
    [0085] P = U * I, where "U" is voltage, "I" is intensity giving as power product.
    [0086]
    [0087] Intensity:
    [0088] There is an input "Ii" that feeds the ferromagnetic core member, creating a magnetic flux (^), which thanks to the hysteresis cycle is magnetized until reaching the point of magnetic saturation. With the second intensity cycle, since it is magnetically primed, the load is accelerated obtaining the charged current, said intensity has been created and is not provided by the supplying network. Given this factor, it results in an output intensity different from that of the input: I 2 .
    [0089] I 2 = Ii + lc. since it has been created for the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention, the resolution would be:
    [0090] I 2 = Ii-lc. giving as final result: l 2 > li
    [0091]
    [0092] Voltage:
    [0093] The voltage sinusoidal line conforms to an ellipsis score. The energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention shortens the void spaces that exist between point and point, that is, it optimizes the void spaces between the micro points that make up the voltaic sinusoidal wave. Since it is reflected in sinusoidal form, it would be appreciated in its measure as a slight numerical reduction (U f ). This shortening makes the initial wave more pure and clean in its output in accordance with the previously explained. This effect will cause the receivers to receive a more stable and stable wave, favoring that they work at a lower temperature and lengthening their life in general.
    [0094] U2 = U i -U f
    [0095] U2> U1
    [0096] given the law of ohm, P = U * I
    [0097] Pi = Ui * li in network mode
    [0098] P2 = U2 * I2 in optimizer mode
    [0099] Being the Network Mode: electricity is the one provided by the supplying company And being the Mode saving: the electricity is the one provided by the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention
    [0100] Since: I 2 > Ii and U 2 > Ui,
    [0101] will give us a result in active power of: Pi> P 2
    [0102] Being:
    [0103] P 1 : primary power of the load
    [0104] P 2 : power generated by the magnetic circuit.
    [0105]
    [0106] The operation of the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention is automatically adapted to the load to which it is connected, being effective in all types of loads, and compatible with all types of installations.
    [0107]
    [0108] Depending on the type of load, the facilities will act in one way or another:
    [0109]
    [0110] When an inductive current load is connected to an electrical circuit, such as motors, the current sinusoid is phase-shifted in relation to the voltage, as shown in the graph of FIG. 5A.
    [0111]
    [0112] When a load of capacitive current is connected to an electric circuit such as a capacitor, the intensity sinusoid will deform, but in the opposite direction, ahead of the voltage, as shown in the graph of Figure 5B.
    [0113]
    [0114] Due to these factors and principles of electrical operation, a greater efficiency for inductive loads is obtained, also highlighting the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention will help to stabilize the excess voltage supplied by the electrical network, arriving to obtain a better operation of the electric receivers.
    [0115]
    [0116] In the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention, when a vector lag of the intensity with respect to the voltage is created, greater efficiency is obtained in inductive loads due to the fact that they stop generating a quantity of magnetic fields allowing the motors, compressors, etc. , reuse their own magnetic flux, thus obtaining less loss due to joule effect. Contrary to generating or creating something to be able to reuse it, the apparatus of the present invention stops generating a quantity of magnetic fluxes, so that the receivers themselves are fed back with the own flux that they themselves are creating, thus giving rise to an improvement in the performance for less losses by joule effect, optimizing the input voltage, stabilizing it, and obtaining in this way a reduction of temperature 3 and 4 degrees in three-phase engines and up to 33 degrees in single-phase.
    [0117] In resistive loads the performance will be somewhat lower since there are no windings or inductances. The cosine will be 1, so the efficiency percentage will be lower. The principle of operation will be the same, reducing the factors previously determined equally.
    [0118]
    [0119] Due to these factors, a greater efficiency for inductive loads is obtained, also highlighting the energy conditioning apparatus of the present invention will help to stabilize the excess of voltage that the electric network supplies, getting to obtain a better functioning of the electric receivers.
    [0120]
    [0121] Although there are no single capacitive installations as such, the capacitors are used to reuse the reactive power, (capacitor banks) which is a totally different saving format and alien to the energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention, although perfectly compatible since said capacitors are connected in parallel and their function is to reuse the reactive energy and the active energy optimizing apparatus of the present invention is connected in series with the load, which provides time for said magnetic flux to be re-induced, thereby they get less losses by Joule effect.
    [0122]
    [0123] The apparatus of the present invention can also be connected to mixed, inductive and resistive mixed loads.
    [0124]
    [0125] Figure 3 shows a connection diagram of the energy optimizing apparatus for a single-phase system, where the input of the chosen work coil (I) is connected to the power supply of the supply network and the output (O) is connected in series with the charges. In the same way, the input of the control coil is connected in parallel with the supply of the supply network (230 / 127V) and its neutral connection is connected to the neutral conductor.
    [0126]
    [0127] For three-phase systems, each phase has an independent device, connected in the manner previously described for single-phase systems, having in common a connection to the neutral conductor, such as is shown in Figure 4, where (L1), (L2), (L3) represents the corresponding phase, (N) represents the neutral conductor, (1) represents the current input of each phase to the chosen work coil, (4) represents the current output of each work coil to the load in its respective phase and (230) and (0) represent the input in parallel and the corresponding output in phase to the control coil.
    [0128]
    [0129] FUNCIONALITY TEST
    [0130]
    [0131] The following are tests performed by Tuv Reihnland iberica Inspection to evaluate the differences in terms of reduction of active power consumed using the apparatus of the present invention.
    [0132]
    [0133] The tests allowed the measurement of electrical parameters in a laboratory simulating four different scenarios related to energy consumption in domestic and industrial facilities.
    [0134]
    [0135] In said tests the product of the present invention showed positive results concerning active power reduction using the apparatus of the present invention as described in each test.
    [0136]
    [0137] Summary of results of test report 28110351.001 of compliance record CN No. 28300445.002
    [0138]
    [0139]
    [0140]
    [0141]
    [0142] The temperature of the consumers installed in the test circuit does not increase in normal function and measurement. In Motors, a reduction in temperature was measured.
    [0143] The reduction of the energy consumption allows to evaluate the reduction of the CO2 footprint according to the applicable calculations.
    [0144]
    [0145] The rpm of the motor did not differ with the use of the power optimizer, it was measured with and without energy saving and the measured RPM was exactly the same.
    [0146]
    [0147] The following table 1 is a copy of the document issued by Tuv Reihnland Iberica Inspection, where the product is described.
    [0148]
    [0149]
    [0150]
    [0151]
    [0152] Table 1
    [0153] The following table 2 is a copy of the document issued by Tuv Reihnland Iberica Inspection, where the test procedure is described.
    [0154]
    [0155]
    [0156]
    [0157] Table 2
    [0158] The following table 3 is a copy of the document issued by Tuv Reihnland Iberica Inspection, where the results of the test are described.
    [0159]
    [0160]
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    R EIV IN D IC A C IO N ES
    1 An energy optimizing apparatus for use in monophase or three phase alternating current electric networks, wherein said electrical energy optimizing apparatus can be connected to inductive, resistive, capacitive current loads or mixed current loads, said electric energy optimizing apparatus comprising : a ferromagnetic core member in the form of a square made of a ferromagnetic material, formed by two secondary members parallel to each other and a first core member and a second core member parallel to each other; a winding called a work coil, which surrounds the first core member, said first work coil having a supply input of the supply network in phase and an output in the same phase, and additionally having one or more intermediate connections in several points of the coil, said one or more intermediate connections being able to be chosen to be connected with the mains supply depending on the input voltage; a coil called the control coil that surrounds the second core member, counting on a supply input of the supply network in phase and a neutral socket, being able to connect its phase to the appropriate outlet depending on the input voltage of each country or region; where, in single-phase systems, the input of the chosen work coil is connected to the supply of the supply network and the output is connected in series with the loads; where the input of the operating coil is connected to the supply of the supply network and its neutral connection is connected to a neutral conductor, where the work coil has the function of generating a self-induced field with a single-phase current, priming said ferromagnetic core with a magnetic flux load; and where the control coil is energized by a fixed monobasic current and generates a fixed electromagnetic field, accelerating the charge of the ferromagnetic core creating a phase shift and shortening of the voltage intensity, allowing time for the accelerated loads to be integrated again in the electrical network.
    [2]
    2. An energy optimizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in three-phase systems each phase has each phase has an independent apparatus, having in common a connection to the neutral conductor.
    [3]
    3. An energy optimizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the self-induced field generated by the work coil circulates through the ferromagnetic core and joins with the fixed magnetic field generated by the maneuver coil, which regulates the auto field. induced, absorbing parasitic currents, voltage spikes and part of reactive currents.
    [4]
    4. An energy optimizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: voltage peaks, which causes the electrical network itself, are stored in the body of the magnetic core, generating an electrical voltage that delays the incoming wave after creating a phase shift of the intensity with respect to the voltage, allowing time for the accelerated loads to be integrated back into the electrical network.
    [5]
    5. A compliance energy optimizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a vector offset between voltage and voltage of between 2 and 3 degrees is created mm, shortening the void spaces of the micro points of the sinusoidal lines, facilitate the input, given its filtering, to the receivers or charges, and where with this shortening between the intensity and the voltage, the amount of magnetic flux created in windings of inductive loads connected in series to the work winding is used, obtaining thus fewer losses due to Joule effect since there is a reuse of the magnetic field created by the receptors themselves.
    [6]
    6. An energy optimizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow is reintroduced into the network by accelerating the charges of the magnetic flux, by the magnetization of the ferromagnetic core when loaded due to the hysteresis cycle.
    [7]
    7. A method to save energy for use in single-phase or three-phase alternating current electric networks to which inductive, capacitive, resistive current loads or mixed current loads are connected, wherein said method comprises the steps of:
    a) generating a self-induced field in a ferromagnetic core member having a first core portion and a second core portion, by a first coil, energized by a single-phase current, surrounding the first core portion, to prime said core ferromagnetic core with a magnetic flux charge; and b) accelerating the charge of the ferromagnetic core by means of a second coil, excited by a single-phase current, which surrounds the second portion of the core, creating a phase shift and shortening of the intensity with respect to the voltage, in this way:
    • Allowing time for the accelerated loads to be integrated into the electrical network again, thus achieving energy savings;
    • adjusting the self-induced field that circulates through the ferromagnetic core generated by the first work coil with the fixed magnetic field generated by the control coil, which regulates the self-induced field, to absorb parasitic currents, voltage spikes and part of reactive currents;
    • storing voltage peaks, which causes the electrical network itself in the body of the magnetic core, generating an electrical voltage that advances the incoming wave after creating a phase shift of the voltage, allowing time for accelerated loads to integrate again in the electrical network;
    • creating a vector lag between tension and voltage of at least 2 to 3 degrees, shortening the vacuum spaces of the micro points of the sinusoidal lines, facilitating the entry, given their filtering, to the receivers or charges, with this shortening between the intensity and voltage, taking advantage of the amount of magnetic flux that is created in the windings of the inductive load receivers connected in series to the work coil.
    [8]
    8. A method according to claim 7, which is carried out in each phase of a three-phase system.
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    法律状态:
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    2019-07-09| PA2A| Conversion into utility model|Effective date: 20190703 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    MX2017013970|2017-10-31|
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