• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a dual frequency antenna for transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx), comprising a signal distribution network consisting of a bed of pins that allows the distribution of signals through it in two bands of frequency; a plurality of coaxial cavities up to which said signal distribution network arrives, wherein a portion of said plurality of coaxial cavities are low frequency band cavities (Rx cavities) and another part thereof are frequency band cavities high (Tx cavities); and a radiant layer disposed above the distribution network. The radiating layer has a plurality of radiating apertures, each located above a corresponding cavity for transmitting or receiving a signal to the frequency band corresponding to the given cavity. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2708866A1
    申请号:ES201731194
    申请日:2017-10-10
    公开日:2019-04-11
    发明作者:Nogueira Alejandro Valero；Rocher Miguel Ferrando；Herruzo José Ignacio Herranz
    申请人:Universidad Politecnica de Valencia；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Field of the invention
    [0003] The present invention relates generally to the field of antennas, and in particular it refers to an antenna operating at double frequency for transmission and reception.
    [0004]
    [0005] Background of the invention
    [0006] In recent years, the use of Ridge Gap Waveguide (RGW) technology and Groove Gap Waveguide (GGW) has been expanding. Although this type of recent technology presents a series of advantages with respect to previous techniques, it still presents disadvantages that it would be desirable to overcome.
    [0007] For example, the use of a ridge waveguide distribution network (RGW) is not sufficiently compact since it requires several rows of pins around to isolate one branch of the network from another contiguous one, which entails networks whose cavities are widely separated. This cavity separation (greater than A, 0) introduces diffraction lobes in the radiation pattern of the antenna. Peiye Liu et al. "Design of a double layer cavity backed slot antenna array in gap waveguide technology", in International Symposium on antennas and propagation (ISAP), October 2016, propose a solution to this problem distributing the distribution network in several layers, with a first network of simpler distribution and an intermediate coupling network. However, the great disadvantage of this solution is the need to use several layers, which increases the complexity, the thickness and introduces electrical sealing problems.
    [0008] On the other hand, a distribution network with groove waveguides is not possible either. These distribution networks introduce a 180 ° phase shift in each divider, so the Symmetry is not possible. Once again, this problem can be solved by adding an extra arm to correct this lag. However, since it is not a symmetrical network, there may be problems when feeding all the cavities in parallel and evenly.
    [0009] It would therefore be desirable to have a more compact antenna, which has in a single layer the distribution network and the radiating cavities, being therefore lighter and preferably more economical than those known in the state of the art.
    [0010]
    [0011] Summary of the invention
    [0012] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention discloses a dual frequency antenna for transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx), comprising:
    [0013] - a signal distribution network consisting of a bed of pins that allows the distribution of signals through it to two frequency bands;
    [0014] - a plurality of coaxial cavities up to which said signal distribution network arrives, in which a part of said plurality of coaxial cavities are low frequency band cavities (Rx cavities) and another part of said plurality of coaxial cavities are cavities high frequency band (Tx cavities); Y
    [0015] - a radiating layer disposed above the distribution network, the layer having a plurality of radiant openings, each radiant opening being located above a corresponding cavity for the transmission or reception of a signal to the frequency band corresponding to the given cavity.
    [0016] In the dependent claims and in the following description, preferred characteristics are presented further comprising one or more specific embodiments of the present invention.
    [0017]
    [0018] Brief description of the figures
    [0019] The present invention will be better understood with reference to the following drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention, provided by way of example, and which are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way:
    [0020] Figure 1 shows a schematic view from above of the signal distribution network according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    [0021] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a unit cell showing the cavities Rx and Tx of the antenna according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    [0022] Figures 3A and 3B are perspective views showing the most relevant dimensions of the cavities Rx and Tx, respectively.
    [0023] Figure 4 is a top view of the antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    [0024] Figure 5 is a top view of the antenna according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    [0025] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna shown in Figure 5.
    [0026]
    [0027] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
    [0028] As mentioned above, the antenna according to the present invention comprises a signal distribution network, a plurality of coaxial cavities composed of low frequency band cavities (10) (also referred to throughout this document as Rx cavities) and cavities of high frequency band (12) (also referred to throughout this document as Tx cavities), and a radiant layer (14) disposed above the distribution network.
    [0029] According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of coaxial cavities is composed of a first half of low frequency band cavities (10) (Rx cavities) and by a second half of high frequency band cavities (12) ( Tx cavities).
    [0030] The expert in the matter will understand that other types of distributions can exist in which there are more Rx cavities than Tx cavities or vice versa, depending on the needs.
    [0031] In Figure 1, a signal distribution network according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention can be appreciated. The signal distribution network is constituted by a bed of pins (16) and allows the distribution of signals through it to two frequency bands. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the signal distribution network is composed of a combination of crescent waveguides (18) (RGW, shown in black) and groove waveguides (20) (GGW, shown in gray).
    [0032] The distribution network is a key element in the antenna according to the preferred embodiment. In this case, it is desirable to have an antenna operating at a reception frequency band (Rx) of 19.7 GHz at 21.2 GHz and a transmission frequency band (Tx) of 29.5 GHz at 31 GHz , so the separation between the two bands is more than 40%. At present it is impossible to have a network adapted to all this bandwidth. However, it is not necessary to adapt the network to operate across the bandwidth (from 19.7 GHz to 31 GHz). What the invention proposes is a distribution network adapted to operate on the two selected frequency bands.
    [0033] To do this, a bed of pins (16) is designed with a banned band from 18 GHz to 40 GHz. That is, in the absence of furrows or ridges the pin bed prevents any propagation within said frequency range.
    [0034] After that, transitions between peak waveguides (18) and groove waveguides (20) are designed, obtaining a signal distribution network as shown in figure 1. In this way a bi-band distribution network is obtained which can operate at the two selected frequency bands mentioned above.
    [0035] Next, the coaxial cavities are introduced into the signal distribution network mentioned above. As already mentioned, the plurality of coaxial cavities is composed of cavities Rx and cavities Tx. Both types of cavities are produced by reducing the height of one of the pins of the bed of pins (16), so that the magnetic field is confined around it. The difference between both types of cavities are their dimensions, since these depend on the frequency of work.
    [0036] Figure 2 shows a unit cell in which two cavities Rx (top left and bottom right) and two cavities Tx (top right and bottom left) are shown. As can be seen in figure 2, the cavities Rx are deeper, since they have a recess with respect to the base of the bed of pins (16). On the other hand, the Tx cavities are shallower since they have a projection with respect to the base of the pin bed (16).
    [0037] Furthermore, according to the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the frequency band cavities Rx and the frequency band cavities Tx are arranged alternately with each other (see also FIGS. 4 and 5).
    [0038] The one understood in the matter will understand that they can exist other types of distributions in which the Rx frequency band cavities and the Tx frequency band cavities are not arranged alternately with each other.
    [0039] In the following tables 1 and 2 the main dimensions of the cavities Rx and Tx according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention are presented, which can also be seen in figures 3A and 3B, respectively. The person skilled in the art will understand that these dimensions allow the antenna to operate at certain frequency bands (reception frequency band (Rx) from 19.7 GHz to 21.2 GHz and to a frequency band of transmission (Tx) of 29.5 GHz at 31 GHz), and that the configuration of the cavities and their dimensions are scalable in the case of needing the antenna to operate at other frequencies.
    [0040]
    [0041] Table 1: Dimensions of the Rx cavities
    [0042]
    [0043]
    [0044]
    [0045]
    [0046] Table 2: Dimensions of the Tx cavities
    [0047]
    [0048]
    [0049] As can be seen, the dimensions in which both cavities are framed are identical since they share the same bed of pins (16) (same period from pin to pin, same side of pin and same height of pin). The only difference is the height of that cavity with respect to the radiant layer (14). By the very definition of the hollow waveguides, it is known that the cavity resonates if the height between the base of said cavity and the radiant layer (14) is X / 4. Said X is different depending on the frequency, so the only difference between the two cavities is its height. In the case of the Rx cavity, the height is 3.88 mm (X ~ 20 GHz) and in the case of the TX 2.45 mm (X ~ 30 GHz).
    [0050] Finally, the antenna according to the present invention comprises a radiating layer (14) disposed above the distribution network. The radiant layer has a plurality of radiant apertures (22, 24), each radiant aperture being located above a corresponding cavity (10, 12) for the transmission or reception of a signal to the frequency band corresponding to the given cavity.
    [0051] In Figure 4 a radiant layer 14 can be seen according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this case, the radiant layer has larger radiant openings (22) arranged over the frequency band cavities Rx and smaller radiating openings (24) arranged over the frequency band cavities Tx.
    [0052] As can be seen in this figure, the cavities Rx and the cavities Tx are arranged alternately with each other. Thanks to this arrangement, the distance between the center of a radiant opening (22, 24) to the center of the next opening (22, 24) of equal size is 24 mm in the longitudinal direction and 12 mm in the cross direction.
    [0053] On the other hand you have:
    [0054] - ^ 0 at the frequency Rx (20.45 GHz) = 14.7 mm
    [0055] - ^ 0 at the frequency Tx (30 GHz) = 10 mm.
    [0056] Therefore, the largest radiant openings (22) (radiant openings Rx) are located at a distance of 0.816- ^ 0 on the Y axis, and of 1.63- ^ 0 on the X axis. This is not critical since the radiation diagram of the aperture itself, having a null in that direction, suppresses enough the diffraction lobes that would appear in that cut.
    [0057] However, in the case of smaller radiant openings (24) (radiant openings Tx) a problem may arise. In this case, the distance between radiant apertures Tx is 1.2 - X0 on the Y axis, and 2.4 - X0 on the X axis. As can be seen, if no variation is introduced in this design the lobes of diffraction on the X axis will be very remarkable.
    [0058] Figure 5 shows a solution to this problem. First, the radiant openings (22, 24) are arranged in the form of horns. In this way, a greater directivity of each radiant aperture is obtained and therefore the aforementioned lobes are reduced. Secondly, on each smaller radiant aperture (24) (radiant apertures Tx) there is disposed a metal layer (26) (for example, copper) which in turn has slots (28), preferably four slots (28). ). In this way, the diffraction lobes that would appear in the diagonal cuts (9 = ± 63 °) are reduced.
    [0059] In figure 6 a cross section of the antenna of figure 5 is shown. In this figure, the difference in height between the reception cavities (Rx) can be better appreciated. and of transmission (Tx). The shape of the horns of the different radiant openings (22, 24) as well as the metal layer (26) disposed on the openings Tx can also be seen.
    [0060] Apart from the solution shown in Figures 5 and 6, other solutions can also be applied to decrease the diffraction lobes on the X axis, as for example by the use of superstracks, flat lenses above the radiating apertures.
    [0061] Therefore, the present invention discloses an antenna that not only can receive and transmit the signal simultaneously, but also does so using hollow waveguide (GW, Gap Waveguide), which is a great solution for its versatility for assembly and its great possibilities from the band of millimetrics. In addition, this technology presents a series of intrinsic advantages, such as easy assembly, low losses, etc.
    [0062] Thus, some of the advantages that the present antenna can suppose with respect to the previous technique are the reduction of manufacturing costs and the obtaining of a low profile, light and more compact antenna.
    [0063] Although the present invention has been described with reference to some preferred embodiments thereof, one skilled in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications may be implemented to such embodiments without thereby departing from the scope of protection defined by the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    1. Dual frequency antenna for transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx), comprising:
    - a signal distribution network consisting of a bed of pins (16) that allows the distribution of signals through it to two frequency bands;
    - a plurality of coaxial cavities up to which said signal distribution network arrives, in which a part of said plurality of coaxial cavities are low frequency band cavities (10) (cavities Rx) and another part of said plurality of cavities coaxial are high frequency band cavities (12) (Tx cavities); Y
    - a radiating layer (14) disposed above the distribution network, the layer having a plurality of radiating openings (22, 24), each radiant opening being located above a corresponding cavity (10, 12) for the transmission or reception of a signal to the frequency band corresponding to the given cavity.
    [2]
    2. Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of coaxial cavities is composed of a first half of low frequency band cavities (10) (Rx cavities) and by a second half of high frequency band cavities (12). ) (Tx cavities).
    [3]
    Antenna according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution network is composed of a combination of peak waveguides (18) (RGW) and groove waveguides (20) (GGW).
    [4]
    4. Antenna according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the band cavities of frequency Rx and the frequency band cavities Tx are arranged alternately with each other.
    [5]
    The antenna according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavities are produced by reducing the height of one of the pins of the pin bed (16) of the distribution network, in which the frequency band cavities Rx also present a recess with respect to the base of the pin bed (16) and the frequency band cavities Tx have a projection with respect to the base of the pin bed (16).
    [6]
    6 Antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that the pins of the pin bed (16) have a square section of 1 mm side, and furthermore the Rx frequency band cavities have a length of 5 mm, a width of 3 mm, a height from the base of the cavity to the radiating layer (14) of 3.88 mm and a reduced center pin height of 2.18 mm.
    [7]
    Antenna according to any of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the pins of the pin bed (16) have a square section of 1 mm side, and furthermore the frequency band cavities Tx have a length of 5 mm, a width of 3 mm, a height from the base of the cavity to the radiant layer (14) of 2.45 mm and a height of the central pin reduced of 1.15 mm.
    [8]
    8 Antenna according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency band Rx is between 19.7 GHz and 21.2 GHz.
    [9]
    Antenna according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency band Tx is comprised between 29.5 GHz and 31 GHz.
    [10]
    one . Antenna according to any of the claims above, characterized in that the radiant layer (14) has larger radiating apertures (22) arranged over the frequency band cavities Rx and smaller radiant apertures (24) arranged over the frequency band cavities Tx.
    [11]
    Antenna according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency band cavities Rx and the frequency band cavities Tx, and therefore the radiating openings corresponding to each type of cavity, are arranged in an alternating manner with each other.
    [12]
    12. Antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that the distance between the center of an opening to the center of the next opening of equal size in the longitudinal direction is 24 mm.
    [13]
    13. Antenna according to any of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the distance between the center of an opening to the center of the next opening of equal size in the transverse direction is 12 mm.
    [14]
    Antenna according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings of the radiating layer (14) are in the form of horns.
    [15]
    Antenna according to any of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that on each smaller radiant aperture (24) there is a metal layer (26) which in turn has grooves (28).
    [16]
    16. Antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that the metal layer (26) on each smaller radiant aperture (24) has four slots (28).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2019073099A1|2019-04-18|
    ES2708866B2|2019-09-18|
    引用文献:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201731194A|ES2708866B2|2017-10-10|2017-10-10|DUAL FREQUENCY ANTENNA|ES201731194A| ES2708866B2|2017-10-10|2017-10-10|DUAL FREQUENCY ANTENNA|
    PCT/ES2018/070645| WO2019073099A1|2017-10-10|2018-10-05|Dual-frequency antenna|
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