• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    System for the production of water from the humidity of the environment itself, the technology for this extraction is based on the use of desiccant liquids through a bubble chamber that allows the transfer of water vapor from the environment to the desiccant liquid, In order to obtain the water, it is necessary to give a subsequent treatment through a regeneration process in which the effective separation between the desiccant and the water vapor is achieved, and finally a condensation process in two stages in which the steam Water is condensed to produce liquid water. This system aims to be autonomous from the point of view of energy needs, so it will be integrated with renewable energy production systems, both thermal and photovoltaic. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2695774A1
    申请号:ES201730901
    申请日:2017-07-06
    公开日:2019-01-10
    发明作者:Jimenez Rogelio Zubizarreta；Salazar Manuel Gallardo；Perez Salvador Rodriguez
    申请人:Ingho Ingenieria Y Facility Man S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] COMPACT AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WATER OUT
    [0003]
    [0004] TECHNICAL SECTOR
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention relates to a system for the production of water whose source is the humidity of the environment itself, making use of desiccant liquids for the extraction of water vapor from the environment. This system aims to be autonomous from the point of view of energy needs, so it will be integrated with energy production systems of renewable origin, both thermal and photovoltaic.
    [0007] This system is applicable for different applications in which autonomous water production equipment is necessary (as in areas of natural disasters, isolated locations, ...).
    [0008]
    [0009] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0010]
    [0011] The production of water through autonomous systems is very useful in applications where there is no available source of energy, such as war zones, natural disasters or areas where population density is very low. On the other hand, there is also a growing concern for the growing consumption of energy in cities and for the scarcity of water in certain areas, the combination of both issues means that the environmental impact of certain technologies for the production of water is being evaluated ( as reverse osmosis) in order to find alternatives that consume less energy and that allow water to be produced in a decentralized manner (especially for applications where water quality is not excessive, such as the irrigation of green areas).
    [0012]
    [0013] Currently there are systems that allow water to be obtained from cold equipment in which the air is passed through a heat exchanger that is at a low temperature, which causes the condensation of water on its surface. These systems They need to consume a lot of electrical energy to power the cold production equipment.
    [0014] The use of desiccant materials (both solid and liquid) for drying air is also extended, mainly in applications for air conditioning or to eliminate water vapor from gaseous streams. The main drawback of this type of systems is the poor performance in the capture of water vapor because it is a superficial phenomenon and the contact surface with current technology is limited.
    [0015]
    [0016] There are some patents in which desiccant materials (solids or liquids) have been used to remove water vapor from certain places (for example inventions ES2593111, ES2385044, US6461413, ES2149937, ES2058829, US4407662, US4705543, US4662065, US2005204914 or CN202867262) , all these inventions are not intended to produce water but to eliminate water because it can affect a certain process or equipment. This type of inventions do not have the same purpose or use the same technology despite using desiccant materials.
    [0017] There is a patent, with number US2013319022, in which the purpose is to obtain water from the ambient air, this system makes use of liquid desiccants but making use of trays with foams to favor liquid-air contact. This system has a low performance for the production of water since the contact surface is limited, not only by the wetting capacity of the surface of the foam itself, but also by the capacity of penetration of the air through the holes of the substrate (considering that there will be solid and liquid).
    [0018] Another patent that refers to the same application is that of reference number US6156102, this patent describes a method and equipment that is based on contacting the desiccant liquid with air through the generation of drops, in the process of contact occurs the mass transfer of the air to the desiccant. The technology that is used for the generation of the drops is the pulverization through a nozzle, with this technique the drops that can usually be above 100 microns, this aspect is important since the dependence of mass transfer with drop size is a critical parameter, with these drop sizes the mass transfer is not as effective and a high volume of exchange is necessary, which results in large equipment.
    [0019] The patent US2016187010 also refers to a system for drying in air conditioning applications. In this patent if you incorporate the use of sources of renewable energy to meet the needs of ene ^ a in regeneration. The type of technology it uses to bring the desiccant liquid into contact with the air stream is based on the spray.
    [0020]
    [0021] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    [0022]
    [0023] The system proposed in the present application is based on the integration of several systems to obtain an autonomous, compact and efficient system in the consumption of energy. The main innovation introduced by this invention lies in the utilization of a bubbling system to carry out the transfer of water vapor from the air stream to the desiccant. The different systems that make up the invention are described below:
    [0024]
    [0025] Bubbling system - Bubbling is a technique that allows to increase the contact surface between the liquid and the air, so as to increase the yield in obtaining water. The diffusion of water vapor in air is much faster than its diffusion in a liquid (in the order of 100,000 times faster for a drop and a bubble of the same size), which is favored by the difference in diffusion coefficients ( the diffusion coefficient of water in a desiccant liquid is of the order of 2 e-10 m2 / s, compared to the diffusion coefficient of water vapor in air, which is 2 e-5 m2 / s. say that relatively large bubbles of humid air can be generated (in the order of several millimeters in diameter), within a volume of several centimeters in height of liquid desiccant and the air would reach equilibrium with the desiccant before escaping from the liquid volume. As the mass transfer is more efficient, the equipment is more compact and occupies less space.The precise bubbling system of a fan that drives the air through holes that generate the bubbles and overcome the loss of load due to the capillary pressure, the inertia of the liquid to be displaced when the bubble is generated and the viscous efforts.
    [0026] During the bubbling process the water vapor is trapped in the desiccant liquid and the% water in the mixture is increased, consequently it is necessary to recirculate this mixture in order to maintain the dehumidification capacity.
    [0027]
    [0028] Pumping system - it is necessary a series of liquid recirculation pumps that take the mixture of desiccant liquid and water to circulate it to the different systems.
    [0029]
    [0030] Regeneration system - this system is responsible for separating again the water from the desiccant, for this it is necessary to provide energy to the system, in this case in particular renewable energy sources will be used to feed the regeneration system. The proposed system is that of concentrating solar collectors, which allow to obtain operating temperatures around 100 ° C and will allow to reduce the contact time to separate the desiccant water in the inlet stream. The water-poor desiccant stream will be circulated to the conditioning system of the desiccant liquid where water vapor will be extracted from the top to obtain water in the condensation system.
    [0031]
    [0032] Desiccant liquid conditioning system - this system is responsible for reducing the temperature of the desiccant liquid so that the process of adsorption in the bubbling system is as efficient as possible. The system will consist of two stages:
    [0033] • Stage 1 - will be carried out through a desiccant-air heat exchanger in which the air stream will be circulated at the outlet of the bubbling system to reduce the temperature of the liquid on one side and on the other to increase the temperature of the liquid. dry air so that it can be used as a source of hot and dry air.
    [0034] • Stage 2 - will be carried out through a desiccant-air heat exchanger in which ambient air will be circulated through a serpentm through which the desiccant liquid circulates at the exit of stage 1 to reduce the temperature to a level next to room temperature.
    [0035]
    [0036] Water condensation system - the system takes the water vapor at the outlet of the regeneration system and condenses the fluid to generate water. The condensation process will be carried out in two stages:
    [0037] • Stage 1 - this stage will be carried out through a tube cassette exchanger in which the water and desiccant mixture at the bubbler outlet is used as a cold bulb to, on the one hand, increase the temperature of the desiccant before regenerating it, and another side to condense part of the water vapor.
    [0038] • Stage 2 - will be carried out through a heat exchanger with the ground (geothermal), so that the soil acts as cold focus and the heat is transferred to the land, the water vapor at the entrance is condensed in water that is collected by a deposit.
    [0039]
    [0040] Photovoltaic generation system - the systems that consume electricity (control electronics, pumps and fans) will be fed by a photovoltaic electrical energy generation facility to guarantee the autonomy of the global system.
    [0041]
    [0042] Although the purpose of the proposed invention coincides with those of existing patents, the technique employed for both water adsorption and regeneration are different. On the other hand, the proposed system aims to be an autonomous system, for this, the energy needs of the process will be covered by renewable energy sources: solar thermal and solar photovoltaic.
    [0043]
    [0044] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0045]
    [0046] In order to complete the description of the invention that is presented, an assembly of drawings is included as an integral part of said description, in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented:
    [0047]
    [0048] Figure 1 shows the general scheme of the system object of the present invention, in this scheme we can observe the main components that form the complete system and the material flows that occur in the process.
    [0049] Figure 2 shows the detail of the bubbling system, in this figure it can be seen, on the one hand, the deflectors to convert the horizontal and vertical air current (so as to facilitate a homogenous distribution and reduce the loss of load) and on the other hand, the holes that allow the bubbling of the air inside the reservoir of desiccant liquid.
    [0050]
    [0051] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0052]
    [0053] The system takes the outside air (1) and is driven through a bubbling system 102 in which the contact between the desiccant liquid and the air that has to be dried is caused. The precise bubbling system of a fan (101) that drives the air to through the holes that generate the bubbles and overcome the loss of load due to capillary pressure, the inertia of the liquid when displaced when the bubble is generated and the viscous efforts. Figure 2 shows the detail of the bubbling system, in this figure the air distribution system is shown to convert a horizontal current into a vertical current (201), and the holes on the upper plate that cause the generation of air bubbles inside the desiccant liquid (202). It is during this part of the process that the mass transfer of water vapor to the desiccant liquid occurs, thus increasing the% water in the mixture. If the desiccant liquid was not recirculated, there would come a time when the liquid desiccant would saturate and stop retaining water vapor from the air. It is therefore necessary to recirculate the mixture in order to maintain the dehumidification capacity at acceptable values.
    [0054]
    [0055] The desiccant liquid is driven with the pump 103 that takes the liquid desiccant from the chamber under the conditions 11 and drives it to the first stage of the water condensation system (104). In this step the heating of the desiccant-water mixture takes place from the pump exit conditions (12), this heating causes the amount of energy needed in the regeneration system (105) to be lower. The system 105 is responsible for separating again the water from the desiccant, for this it is necessary to provide energy to the system, for this renewable energy sources will be used to feed the regeneration system, the amount of energy needed will be invested in increasing the temperature of the mixture up to the evaporation temperature of the water and in the evaporation process itself. The solar collectors of concentration allow to obtain operating temperatures around 100 ° C and will allow to reduce the contact time to separate the water from the desiccant in the inlet stream (13). The generated steam (21) will be extracted from the top to obtain the water in the condensation system (104 and 106).
    [0056] On the other hand, the pump 108 will take the desiccant liquid from the collectors of the regeneration system (105) under conditions 14, and drives them through the conditioning systems of desiccant liquid (109 and 110) to obtain a desiccant liquid in conditions 17 (low concentration of water and temperature close to the environment). The objective of the desiccant liquid conditioning system is to reduce the temperature of the desiccant liquid so that the process of adsorption in the bubbling system is as efficient as possible. The system will consist of two stages:
    [0057] • Stage 1 (110) - will be carried out through a desiccant heat exchanger in which the air stream will be circulated at the outlet of the bubbling system (2) to reduce the temperature of the liquid on one side (15) and on the other to increase the temperature of the dry air so that it can be used in drying applications as a source of hot and dry air (3). The air at the exit of the dehumidifier will be circulated through axial fans. • Stage 2 (109) - will be carried out through a desiccant heat exchanger in which ambient air will be circulated through a serpentm through which the desiccant liquid circulates at the exit of stage 1 (15) to reduce the temperature at a level close to room temperature (16). The ambient air will be circulated through axial fans.
    [0058]
    [0059] Finally, the water vapor generated in the regeneration system (21) must be condensed to generate water. The condensation process will be carried out in two stages:
    [0060] • Stage 1 (104) - this stage will be carried out through a shell-tube exchanger in which the mixture of water and desiccant at the outlet of the sparger (12) is used as a cold bulb to, on the one hand, increase the temperature of the desiccant before regenerating it (13), and on the other hand to condense part of the water vapor (23).
    [0061] • Stage 2 (106) - will be carried out through a heat exchanger with the ground (geothermal), so that the ground acts as a cold focus and the heat is transferred to the ground, the water vapor to the entrance (22) it is condensed in water (24) which is collected by a tank (107).
    [0062]
    [0063] There will also be a standard system of generation of photovoltaic electric energy composed of solar panels, inverter and batteries to power the following consumer equipment: pumps, fans and control system.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1 Compact autonomous system for the production of water from the humidity of the environment through the use of desiccant liquids and renewable energy sources that includes the following stages:
    • Air impulse system.
    • Air bubble system inside a desiccant liquid.
    • Desiccant liquid recirculation system.
    • System for the regeneration of the desiccant liquid based on renewable energy sources for the separation of water from the desiccant.
    • Condensation system for water production.
    • Conditioning system for the desiccant liquid.
    • System of generation of photovoltaic electric energy.
    [2]
    2 A method according to previous claims characterized by an air bubble system in a desiccant liquor bath that allows to carry out mass transfer of the air stream to the desiccant in a compact and efficient manner. The bubble system (figure 2) is formed by a series of slats to guarantee the uniform distribution of air in the liquid bath (201), and an upper plate on which a series of holes are arranged to allow the bubbling ( 202), these holes will allow to produce bubbles of air around 1 mm in diameter that travel through a bath of desiccant liquid and prevent the liquid from falling into the lower tray.
    [3]
    A method according to previous claims characterized by the use of a regeneration system based on solar collectors of ford tubes with direct contact so that the process takes place in a temperature range around 100 ° C.
    [4]
    4. A method according to previous claims characterized by the use of a condensation system based on two stages in which the first one is performed taking advantage of the capacity of the coolant liquid at the outlet of the sparger, and a second stage that is based on the exchange with the ground as a cold focus (geothermal energy).
    [5]
    5. A method according to previous claims characterized by the use of the energy of the desiccant at the outlet of the regenerator to heat the dry air coming from the dehumidifier to increase even more the temperature of it. So, hot and dry air can be used for drying applications.
    A method according to previous claims characterized by a photovoltaic energy generation system for feeding fans, pumps and control electronics so that the system can be completely autonomous and does not require additional energy sources.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2695774B2|2020-06-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2771653A1|1997-12-02|1999-06-04|Nouvelles Appl Tech|PROCESS FOR DEHYDRATION OF A WET GAS USING A LIQUID DESICCANT, WITH PUSHED REGENERATION OF SAID DESICCANT|
    US20040107832A1|2002-12-06|2004-06-10|Stephen Tongue|Temperature swing humidity collector using powerplant waste heat|
    US20070101862A1|2005-11-07|2007-05-10|Hamilton Sundstrand|Water-from-air using liquid desiccant and vehicle exhaust|
    US20070175333A1|2006-02-02|2007-08-02|Siemens Power Generation, Inc.|System for recovering water from flue gas|
    WO2008018071A2|2006-08-08|2008-02-14|Ewa Tech Ltd|Method and apparatus for extracting water from atmospheric air and utilizing the same|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730901A|ES2695774B2|2017-07-06|2017-07-06|Compact autonomous system for the production of water from the humidity of the environment through the use of desiccant liquids and renewable energy sources|ES201730901A| ES2695774B2|2017-07-06|2017-07-06|Compact autonomous system for the production of water from the humidity of the environment through the use of desiccant liquids and renewable energy sources|
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