• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An arrangement for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators, comprising a support means that is connected to actuator means, in such a way that the support means is suspended inside the incubator's interior, enveloping the premature newborn so that it is in a position similar to that in the uterus, thus allowing the intrauterine harmonious development of it. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2693906A1
    申请号:ES201700634
    申请日:2017-06-14
    公开日:2018-12-14
    发明作者:Valeria Jesica MOLETO
    申请人:Valeria Jesica MOLETO；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    A provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators.
    Field of the invention
    The present invention relates to the field of equipment, means and arrangements used for newborns, preferably for premature infants, and more particularly refers to a provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of premature newborn, which, unlike Conventional incubators, allows the newborn to be in a position similar to that which was inside the mother's uterus in order to favor the intrauterine harmonic development that newborns should receive prematurely.
    Background of the invention
    In order to better understand the object and scope of the present invention it is convenient to describe the current state of the art in reference to premature newborns and the inconveniences that arise during their preventive care.
    Pathological newborns need a series of special care from birth and during their stay in the observation unit or neonatal intensive care unit. This is due to the fact that they are very likely to have sequels of difficult treatment, for example blindness, deafness, cerebral palsy, which in many cases are prevented with adequate follow-up. For this, in the Observation Unit, parameters such as cardiac and respiratory rate, temperature, pulse oximetry, blood glucose or calcemia, among many other important parameters, must be controlled. However, despite the greater internal efficiency of hospitals in their neonatal intensive care units, there is a lack of external efficiency due to the lack of follow-up networks that involve all levels of health care, whether from care Primary in the first level until reaching the centers of high complexity to solve the most serious problems. This situation is responsible for the death of many children at risk.
    Currently, one of the devices used to treat pathological newborns is the incubator. This incubator works like an artificial uterus that recreates an optimal environment for the newborn, being a well-insulated enclosed space thanks to the air filters in the ducts outside. These filters are able to retain dust and allergens that are in the environment, but also prevent bacteria or germs from outside can come into contact with the newborn. On the other hand, to control hydration, not only is the temperature of the environment important, but also the degree of humidity, since a very dry environment favors dehydration even at low temperatures. The incubator has sensors that when they detect a sensitive drop in relative humidity cause the humidifiers to be activated in the environment. In addition, the incubator can present an electronic balance that keeps a continuous record of the newborn's weight.
    Thanks to the disposition of the balance, you can keep a record of the evolution of the newborn without having to transfer it to other sectors for their respective analysis.
    On the other hand, the newborn has several electrodes on its body surface capable of recording basic vital functions. These sensors include an electrocardiogram that records cardiac rhythm, an electroencephalogram that records brain activity, and respiratory rate sensors. All of them are adapted to both premature newborns and those who are not. While the utilization of the incubator has helped
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    keeping newborns in stable environmental conditions, there are still a series of inconveniences regarding their position in the incubators.
    Premature newborns often lack adequate muscle tone and run the risk of developing abnormal movement patterns, as well as skeletal deformations. Some of the delays are related to postural problems and improper body mechanics rather than neurological impairments. Hypotonic or diminished muscle tone has been observed in children born between 28 and 30 weeks of gestation. The correct posture of premature newborns can promote normal motor development and minimize the development of abnormal movement patterns. The posture of premature newborns is part of the basic care of neonatal disease and includes supine decubitus, prone decubitus, lateral decubitus, and inclined posture with raised head
    Prone position has been shown to have many advantages for preterm infants. However, the premature newborn is at risk of postural abnormalities and there is a strong association between prone posture during sleep and Infant Sudden Death Syndrome, with premature infants accounting for between 10% - 20% of cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and that there is increasing pressure to avoid this sleeping posture in all Newborns.
    Under the current state of the art available for premature newborns, it is very convenient to have a new provision that is constituted and constructed to solve the aforementioned inconveniences, and also, that allows better conditions for newborns within incubators in order to promote a better development of their neuro-sensory functions.
    Object and description of the invention
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new provision for the neuropostural and sensory suspension of the newborn that provides better conditions within the incubator, so that in this way the newborns can develop properly and adequately in a harmonic intrauterine manner.
    It is still another object of the present invention to provide a provision that avoids the aforementioned drawbacks with respect to prone and supine position.
    It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a means of support that surrounds the newborn so that he may be in a position similar to that found in the mother's womb.
    It is also another object of the present invention to provide actuator means that manage to keep the newborn wrapped and protected by the support means suspended.
    It is still another object of the present invention to provide actuator means that can be robotic, electronic or manual to partially or completely change the position of the newborn.
    It is another object of the present invention to provide a means of support capable of maintaining the temperature of the newborn as well as improving the neurosensory aspects thereof.
    It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn, which improves proprioceptive, tactile, vestibular and auditory stimuli, among many others.
    5 It is still another object of the present invention to provide a provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators, where the incubators externally comprise a dome or dome, doors, windows or access gates, while internally comprise a partition horizontal that defines an upper part where the newborn rests and a lower part provided with elements of measurement and thermoregulatory means, wherein the arrangement comprising at least one support means provided in the upper part of the incubator and receiving the newborn born, a plurality of tensioners that pass through a pair of glutton holes made in the incubator dome, and actuator means arranged outside and above the dome or dome of the incubator, said support means being connected to the means actuators 15 through the tensioners and suspended at the top of the incubator defining a position intrauterine in the newborn.
    Description of the drawings
    For clarity and understanding of the object of the present invention, it has been illustrated in several figures, in which the invention has been represented in one of the preferred forms of realization, all by way of example, where:
    Figure 1 shows a sectional side view of a conventional incubator according to the prior art;
    Figure 2 shows a partial side view of the arrangement according to the present invention, where a portion of the incubator is illustrated by way of illustration and guidance;
    Figure 3 shows a view of a preferred embodiment of a support means according to the present invention;
    Figure 4 shows an application of the support means of Figure 3, where a newborn is provided wrapped by said support means;
    Figure 5 shows a view of a second preferred embodiment of a support means according to the present invention;
    Figure 6 shows an application of the support means of Figure 5, where a newborn is provided wrapped by said support means;
    Figure 7 shows an exemplary view of an actuator means according to the present invention, where a pulley die is available in a position in which a holding element is fully retracted;
    Figure 8 shows an exemplary view of the actuator means of Figure 7, wherein said pulley die is in an intermediate position and;
    Figure 9 shows an exemplary view of the actuator means of Figure 7, where the pulley die is in a position, opposite to that found in Figure 7, where the clamping element is fully extended;
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    Figure 10 shows a view of an alternative preferred embodiment of the arrangement of the present invention, where the position of the baby can be varied according to a manual mechanism;
    Figure 11 shows a partial sectional view of a portion of the manual mechanism of Figure 10, where the mode of fixing / adjusting tensioners can be observed;
    Figure 12 shows an exemplary partial side view of a series of longitudinal and axial movements that can be carried out from the top of the incubator;
    Figure 13 shows an exemplary partial top view of yet another preferred embodiment for carrying out axial and longitudinal movements from the support means.
    Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
    Referring now to the figures, it is seen that the invention consists of a new arrangement for the neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators, which allows to improve its motor development in a correct and harmonic way intrauterine. However, first and for exemplary purposes, a brief reference will be made to conventional incubators in accordance with Figure 1 of the prior art.
    In Figure 1, an incubator indicated by the general reference 1 can be observed which comprises a closed room 2 that internally presents a horizontal partition 3 that separates the room 2 into an upper part 4 and a lower part 5. Wherein, the upper part 4 is comprised of an outer dome 6 that can be curved, semi-spherical and transparent to allow visibility into the interior of the room 2 and is provided with a pair of air outlets 8 and a plurality of windows or access gates 9 that They help the specialized personnel so that they can carry out their function without any inconvenience.
    On the other hand, said lower part 5 of the room 2 can be opaque or blind and houses respective measuring elements to carry out a control of the parameters of the newborn and thermoregulatory means that maintain the environment of the room 2 in suitable climatic conditions. Generally, said measuring elements and thermoregulators may comprise elements such as scales, sensors, thermostat sensors, bacterial filters, fans or forgers, heaters, oxygen calibrators, peltier plates, etc., which are well known in the art field. , being also that they are not part of the inventive object of the present invention, and therefore, will not go into descriptive details about them. Referring again to the horizontal partition 3, it is provided with windows or end communication holes 10 that communicate with each other to the upper part 4 and the lower part 5. Said partition 3 is provided with a mattress 11 where the newborn rests in a prone or supine decubitus position.
    However, although the incubators of the prior art have proven to be practical, according to studies by the Latin American Network of Pediatrics and Neonatology, the following are physiological effects of the different postures (prone or supine position) taken by the newborn in them:
    In relation to the heart rate, the prone position is associated with a reduced heart rate, except during sleep, when higher and less variable heart rates are observed in the prone position compared to the supine. No differences were observed in the incidence or duration of mild or clinically significant episodes of bradycardia or cardiac rhythm during panea between the two positions.
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    Regarding oxygen saturation, three studies observed a significant difference in oxygen saturation between prone and supine positions, while two studies found lower oxygen saturation in newborns in supine position although this is not reflected in the incidence. of clinically significant desaturation. During the apnea, a small decrease in the average oxygen saturation was observed both in the prone position and in the supine position.
    Regarding pulmonary function, there was no evidence to suggest significant differences in pulmonary function between prone or supine position, except for oxygen-dependent newborns, for whom the minute volume and functional residual capacity was greater in the prone position. Respiratory muscle strength was greater in the supine position (with or without head inclination at 45 °) than in the prone position.
    Regarding pain, no significant differences were observed between the prone and supine position groups regarding the response to pain during the invasive procedure of the heel puncture for blood sampling. Newborns placed in lateral decubitus and with a blanket rolled up as a containment showed a statistically significant lower mean in pain scores than premature newborns not placed in that position.
    On the other hand, cerebral hemodynamics, oxygenation of hemoglobin and cerebral blood volume increased significantly in newborns placed in the supine position compared to those placed in the prone position. After stabilization, prolonged placement in a posture with the head elevated 30 ° with respect to the body did not translate into more significant changes in cerebral hemoglobin content.
    Consequently, psychomotor and neurological examinations showed a delay in the acquisition of muscle development in preterm infants placed in prone position, compared to newborns placed in supine or lateral decubitus. Electrocortical activity was lower during sleep in the newborns, compared to those placed in the supine position. It was also observed that premature babies in position in prone position raised their heads much less frequently during sleep than newborns at term, which represents a risk of suffocation.
    By virtue of the foregoing, the inventor of the present invention has developed a novel disposition whose neuromuscular result shows that the supine position has a significantly higher neuromuscular maturity score than the prone position and a more relaxed state, expressed in a heart rate and significantly lower respiratory.
    In addition, the invention proposes to provide sensory stimuli within the incubator similar to those received by the newborn within the womb of his mother, this being a very significant advantage over the conventional developed so far.
    It's like that! that, and in accordance with Figures 2 to 13, the provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators of the present invention, is indicated by general reference 42 and comprises a support means 12 that receives the newly born in an enveloping form and which is disposed within room 2 of the incubator 1, more particularly, in the upper part 4 above the partition 3. According to Figure 3, said support means 12 can comprise a simple bag 13 which It has at least three connection points or points 14 provided with respective holes or eyelets 15 that will allow connection with actuator means through tensioners which will be described below. Said single bag 13 may comprise a material selected from the group consisting of technical textiles (TUT) such as micro fibers, nonwoven fabrics,
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    special nanotechnology, memory polymers, breathable or gas permeable, etc.
    Likewise, said support means 12 can also comprise a thermostatted double bag 16 having at least three connection points or points 17 provided with respective connection holes or eyelets 18 with actuator means which will be described below. In addition, said double thermostatted bag 16 has at least one fluid trap 19 through which a fluid circulates between a fluid inlet port 20 and a fluid outlet hole 21. Wherein, said fluid is a liquid selected from the group consisting of aqueous liquids, oily liquids or a combination thereof.
    In this way, the thermostatted double bag 16 adopts and transfers the temperature of the recirculating medium by the action of a thermostated bath with recirculation for aqueous or oily liquids according to the requirements. Preferably, but not limited to the invention, the option of oily liquids, that is to say with a viscosity higher than that of pure water, will be considered to reduce the effects of turbulence in the flow and evaporation in the environment.
    On the other hand, and as mentioned above, the support means 12 is connected to actuator means 22 through tensioners 26, the actuator means 22 being outside and above the dome 6 and which can be electric actuators , robotics, manuals or a combination thereof. In the case of the invention, but not limited thereto, electric actuator means each comprising a motor 23 connected to a friction and pulse free reduction gear 24 which in turn is connected to another gear 41 that drives an auger screw 25 that operates or drives a die 27 with pulley 29 that travels threadedly through the auger 25.
    Likewise, a second glutton pulley 30 is provided through which a portion of the tensioner 26 slides and an arm or bolt 28 in which one of the ends of said tensioner 26 is fixed.
    It is highlighted that said motor 23 is in connection with said gear 24 by means of an axis 43 and has a timer or "timming" that alternately activates anteroposterior, lateral and pendular linear movements, being the same programmed according to the requirements of each patient. That is, the motors 23 can operate together or independently of each other to regulate the different heights of each point or connection point of the support means. This allows to generate different positions in the newborn so that it can be in conditions similar to those found in the uterus. In turn, the arrangement of the pulley 29 allows to reduce the load to lift the newborn, as well as, by means of its displacement, the shortening or stretching of the tensioner length in order to allow the elevation or descent of the respective tip .
    It should be noted that, the control of the motors 23 is carried out by means of some already known programmable arrangement, such as a CPU, a microcontroller, or some hybrid arrangement in order to allow the coordination of each of the motors in synchronized form, obtaining as result the objective movements of the invention. In addition to the programmable unit, a power unit or circuit may be available which is responsible for transforming the control signal into a useful power value.
    On the other hand, each of the tensioners 26 has at least one hook 31 at the opposite end to the one that is fixed in the arm or bolt that is connected to the holes of the connecting points or points of the support means. In turn, the tensioners 26 pass through guiding holes 32 made in the dome or dome 6 of the incubator. In this way and according to Figures 2, 4 and 6, it can be seen that the
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    support means 12 is suspended in the "hammock" type inside the upper part 4 of the room 2 of the incubator. Likewise, the newborn 33 will be arranged or positioned within the support means 12 being in a suspended position, wrapped and protected by it, similar to the position it had inside the uterus.
    In relation to the operation of the invention, starting from the position illustrated in Figure 7, the motor 23 is first driven so that it generates a movement in the auger 25 which allows the die 27 with the pulley 29 to move (Figures 8 and 9) so that the tensioner 26 goes down to a position where the support means is deployed or in a position of free deployment, that is, without having the newborn.
    Once in the unfolded position, Figure 9, the newborn is positioned / placed within the support means 12 and the motor 23 is driven to raise the tensioner 26, returning the die with the pulley to the position that was in Figure 7. It is thus that, the support means 12 is folded or in a folding fold position so that the newborn 29 is in a position similar to that found in the uterus, allowing its development Intrauteric harmonic
    Once in the wrap-up position, the height of each of the connecting points or points of the support means can be modified or varied in order to obtain a correct intrauterine position or posture and similar to the position in which the Newborn inside the mother's womb. This position can change over time in which the newborn is inside the incubator.
    According to Figures 10 and 11, in a second preferred embodiment, the arrangement of the present invention may comprise a manual actuator means 34 which has a pivoting command arm 35 provided with at least one adjustment nut 36 and a lower memory spring 37 mounted on a base 38 which is in turn mounted on the top of the incubator dome 6.
    Said pivoting command arm 35 has a movable separation plate 39 provided with respective holes 40 which are spaced apart in such a way as to separate the tensioners 26 that pass through them. It should be noted that, each of the ends of the tensioners 26, opposite the end that is connected to the support means 12, will be held at one of the ends of said pivot command arm 35 through holes 38 and by adjusting nut 36, as best illustrated in Figure 11.
    In this way, if it is desired to raise or lower one of the connecting points or points of the support means, the person must unfasten the nut 36, carefully pull or release the corresponding tensioner to limit or extend the length thereof, and then, once the desired tensioner length is achieved, adjust the nut 36 again. On the other hand, the pivoting command arm 35 when presenting the spring 37 can freely pivot so as to generate or transmit movements in the connecting points or points of the support means through tensioners 26 and asl, move the newborn with harmonic movements.
    In relation to the general movements that can be performed by the present invention, Figures 12 and 13, at least four different types of movements will be described below, where each described movement takes as reference a theoretical axis of rotation in space. Thus, a first movement can be that movement in the longitudinal axis above the incubator, where there is an alternate lateral balancing movement of the "lateral hammock" type, in which a rotation axis 44 is located longitudinally above the incubator lid, more precisely by drawing a line 45 between the center of the two side engines, and the center of the front engine. A second type of movement can be carried by a transverse axis above the incubator, being
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    an alternate anteroposterior linear movement "frontal hammock", in which the axis of rotation 46 is located transversely above the incubator cover, more precisely by drawing a line between the two lateral motors.
    Yet another type of movement may be that movement in the longitudinal axis of the support means 12, an alternating movement of rotation in an axis that is formed by drawing a longitudinal line between the center of the feet and the head of the newborn 33, similar to rotating on an own axis 47. Another type of movement, can be that oscillating movement of two alternating axes, being that through this movement a sensation of being on a disk is achieved in which a point that rotates in the perimeter of the It pushes the disc downwards, simulating an alternating descending and ascending rotation. Where, geometrically this type of movement is represented by two orthogonal axes which rotate to both sides with sinusoidal and cosenoidal harmonic movements respectively. Although, at least four types of movements have been described, this does not imply that the invention is limited thereto, but that other movements and combinations can be considered and carried out without any inconvenience.
    According to some of the problems of the prior art, a newborn that is born prematurely is exposed to light, sound, proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that are not part of normal development; that are necessary to guarantee survival, but that nonetheless, directly affect the CNS of that newborn that is in the process of development. However, thanks to the use of the provision of the present invention, an early and timely intervention is performed in newborns, whose intrauterine development process was interrupted promoting an effective approach and taking care of the safety of that being. In turn, adequate neuropostural control is provided within the incubator, coupled with vestibular, proprioceptive and tactile stimuli, which favor an approximation to the intrauterine harmonic development that newborns born prematurely should receive.
    Among the main stimuli that are improved by the invention, you can find:
    Proprioceptive stimulation: The newborn will maintain the physiological flexion posture. The upper limbs will be adducted near the face, the lower limbs bent.
    This allows their somatosensory systems to continue their development process in the posture more similar to that they would have intrauterine. That the discharge of weight is centered in the back, precisely in the spine, favoring greater sensory input of said area.
    Tactile Stimulus: When suspended on the support medium, which has a memory material, the newborn perceives the contact of a soft, containerized surface that allows him to exercise movements in an organized and controlled manner. The tactile stimulus will be greater in the back of your body, which favors the sensory input in the spine, through which the nerve fibers enter and leave, (Lemniscal and Extralemniscal System), which are leading the different sensations towards The cerebral cortex, which, in the process of myelination and development, must organize these sensations to generate a motor-type response that travels through the Pyramidal and Extrapyramidal pathways, also in the process of development and myelination.
    Vestibular Stimulus: the possibility of providing anteroposterior and pendular linear movements, favors the development of vestibular systems that will intervene in equilibrium and straightening reactions.
    Alternatively, the provision of the present invention may present an audio system that allows the reproduction of recordings containing the sound of the mother's heartbeat, her voice and that of her direct relatives.
    5 In this way, the disposition for the neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators is constituted and constructed, which allows the newborn to be positioned in a position similar to that found in the uterus in order to allow its development Intrauteric harmonic Likewise, through the invention potential benefits are achieved in the Prevention of Neuroortopedic Disorders such as tortlcolis, 10 kyphoscoliosis; Prevention of Neurosensory Disorders, whether tactile as integration and sensory processing disorders such as oral defensiveness, tactile defense among others, or, Visual disorders such as strabismus; and in the Prevention of Vestibular Disorders such as poor or exaggerated balance and straightening reactions, as well as hypo or hyperreactive newborns, among many other benefits.
    fifteen
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
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    1. A provision for the neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators, where the incubators externally comprise a dome or dome, doors, windows or access gates, while internally they comprise a horizontal partition that defines an upper part where it rests the newborn and a lower part provided with measuring elements and thermoregulatory means, said disposition being characterized in that it comprises:
    - At least one support medium provided in the upper part of the incubator and that receives the newborn.
    - A plurality of tensioners that pass through a pair of glutton holes made in the incubator dome.
    - Actuator means arranged outside and above the dome or dome of the incubator, said support means being connected to the actuator means through the tensioners and suspended in the upper part of the incubator defining an intrauterine position in the newborn.
    [2]
    2. A provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators according to revindication 1, characterized in that said support means comprises a simple bag having at least three connection points or points provided with respective holes connected to said tensioners
    [3]
    3. A provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators in accordance with revindication 1, characterized in that said support means comprises a thermostatted double bag that has at least three connection points or points provided with respective holes they connect to said tensioners, and at least one fluid trap through which a fluid circulates between a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port.
    [4]
    4. An arrangement for the neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators according to claims 3, characterized in that said fluid is a liquid selected from the group consisting of aqueous liquids, oily liquids or a combination thereof.
    [5]
    5. A provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of premature newborn in
    incubators according to revindication 1, characterized in that said means
    actuators are selected from the group consisting of electric, robotic, manual actuators or a combination thereof.
    [6]
    6. A provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of premature newborn in
    incubators according to revindication 1, characterized in that said means
    actuators each comprise a motor connected to a friction and pulse free reduction gear, which, in turn, is connected to another gear that drives an auger screw driving a pulley die that slidably receives a portion of the corresponding tensioner .
    [7]
    7. A provision for the neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators according to revindication 1 or 6, characterized in that, in addition, said actuator means is provided with a glutton pulley through which a portion of the tensioner guides and of a bolt or arm where one of the ends of said tensioner is fixed.
    [8]
    8. An arrangement for the neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators according to claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that each of the tensioners has at the opposite end to that which is fixed in the bolt or arm of the actuator means, a hook that connects to the respective hole of the tip or points of
    5 connection of the support means.
    [9]
    9. A provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of the premature newborn in incubators according to revindication 1 or 5, characterized in that said actuator means comprises a manual actuator which has a pivoting command arm
    10 provided with an end with holes, at least one adjustment nut and at least one lower spring with memory mounted on a base that is in turn, mounted on the top of the incubator dome.
    [10]
    10. A provision for neuropostural and sensory suspension of premature newborn 15 in incubators in accordance with revindication 1 or 9, characterized in that furthermore, said
    The pivoting command arm has a glula separation plate provided with respective holes which are spaced apart in such a way to separate the tensioners that pass through them, each of the ends of the tensioners, opposite the end is connected to the support means, said holes in the end of the command arm are retained in 20 and adjusted by said nut.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10219963B2|2019-03-05|
    AR105016A1|2017-08-30|
    US20170360638A1|2017-12-21|
    引用文献:
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    DE4316173A1|1993-05-14|1994-11-17|Diana Richter|Device for the reception and care of premature babies and unwell neonates in an incubator|
    DE202009009794U1|2009-07-17|2010-01-14|Mira Art Gmbh|Recording device for premature babies, which can be suspended free-swinging in an incubator|
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    US5037375A|1989-09-29|1991-08-06|Infant Advantage, Inc.|Individual environmental control method|
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