• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Effluent purification system at low temperature, in which evaporation and condensation takes place in an atmospheric vacuum chamber, maintained by the weight of liquid columns. The necessary pressure conditions for evaporation-condensation at low temperature are regenerated without the need to stop the purification process. It also allows to maintain in a continuous way the energy contribution necessary for the purification process. The system recovers the latent heat of condensation, so that the amount of energy that is needed once the process is started is very low. Integral automation of the process is contemplated. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2686827A1
    申请号:ES201730622
    申请日:2017-04-19
    公开日:2018-10-22
    发明作者:Rafael LÓPEZ LUQUE；Luis Manuel FERNÁNDEZ DE AHUMADA
    申请人:Iniciativas Energeticas del Sur SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Low temperature evaporation purification system with condensation heat recovery.
    SCOPE OF THE INVENTION
    5 The invention falls within the technical sector of the purification of liquids from agro-industrial processes. More specifically, it focuses on the field of purification by evaporation at low pressure and temperature with heat recovery from condensation.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The purification of effluents generated by industrial processes, in particular those of agri-food processing, is a matter of great technological interest because it conditions the activity as a consequence of the need to have large rafts for its accumulation.
    At present there is no economically viable technology that allows reducing the contaminant levels of the liquids generated to those legally admissible for the discharge into public channel. Chemical procedures eliminate solid particles and part of the pollutant load but the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and conductivity remain at much higher values than allowable. As for the physical methods, they are based on the separation of water and other substances. On the one hand, in those of natural evaporation the results obtained are only satisfactory in very favorable atmospheric conditions, while the procedures based on distillation have as main drawback the energy expenditure necessary for the evaporation of the water present in the effluent.
    The distillation of the water present in the effluent is therefore considered an optimal solution as long as the net energy supply is drastically reduced. To achieve this purpose, two objectives are set, the first one to carry out low temperature distillation which would allow the use of residual heat from industrial processes and / or solar energy. On the other hand, the partial recovery of the latent heat of vaporization that is provided to the effluent once the distillate condenses. In this way most of the energy provided is reincorporated into the process.
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    The invention of a system for the purification of effluents by evaporation at low temperature with recovery of condensation heat is presented. Evaporation at low temperature requires low pressure in the evaporation-condensation chamber, composed of the upper part of the pipes (1) and (17), the expansion vessel (19), the condenser (16) and one. The upper part of the pipes (1) and (17) is considered to be the portion above the 10.32 m level above the free level in the containers (10) and (18). To obtain the low pressure conditions described above, a low energy requirement vacuum generator has been designed.
    Vacuum generator:
    The vacuum generator is composed of two vessels, the first open to the atmosphere full of water (2) and the second (3) located at a height not less than 10.32 meters above the free water level in the previous one (2 ), both connected by a vertical pipe (4). The raised tank (3) is filled with water by means of the pump (5) keeping the aeration valve (6) open and the valves (9) and (7) connecting it with the expander tank (19) closed. Once full, the aeration (6) and filling (8) valves are closed, and the discharge valve (9) is opened. This results in the emptying of the pipe (4) and the generation of low pressure conditions inside it and of the raised container (3), when the valve (7) connecting to the expander (19) opens the pressure in It decreases. The process is repeated as many times as necessary until the steam pressure corresponding to the effluent temperature is reached in the expander (19), which will have risen through the pipes (1) and (17) to reach a height that balances the pressure in the feed containers of raw water (10) and purified water (18). In the operating phase, when an increase in the pressure in the evaporation-condensation chamber is detected, the low pressure regeneration process will automatically start.
    Evaporation chamber condensation:
    It is a sealed chamber, which will operate at low pressure and with two separate compartments in which the surfaces of the liquid-water vapor interface are located. The evaporation zone of the effluent is located in the upper part of the pipe (1). And in the upper part of the pipe (17) is the water vapor condensation zone.
    Since the evaporation process can be in the form of a "flash", or bubbles can be produced that drag effluent in liquid form, to prevent said effluent passage to the
    condenser (16) an expansion tank (19) with deflector sheets (15) arranged so as to hinder the passage of liquid and not that of steam.
    Calorific system:
    For the correct operation of the invention it will be necessary to provide the heat of evaporation in the pipe (1) while evacuating the heat of condensation in the condenser (16). In order to make the calorific contribution, a hot water accumulator (11) is provided, equipped with an electric heater (12) powered by a photovoltaic solar system (20). The circulating pump (14) generates a flow of hot water through a jacket that wraps the pipe (1) that houses the effluent. The heat necessary for evaporation is transferred through the wall of this pipe.
    The water vapor occupies a pipe in the form of a coil or condenser (16) immersed in a container (13) through which the effluent contained in the raw water feed container (10) is circulated, thus the steam of water condenses and yields the heat of condensation to the effluent by preheating it. The condensed water falls through the pipe 15 (17) to the reservoir (18) that accumulates the purified water.
    The recovery of heat of condensation to re-enter it in the heating of the effluent will allow the process to be almost autonomous from the energy point of view, being necessary to contribute to the system only the heat ceded to the environment as losses. This recovery is carried out by means of the pump (21) that raises cold effluent to container 20 (13), where the coil (16) is immersed, returning the heated effluent to the
    tank 10 through the pipe (22)
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description of this invention and facilitate the compression thereof, a set of figures is attached where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, 25 have been represented:
    Figure 1. Scheme of system principle.
    Figure 2. Cross-sectional view of the expansion tank (19) provided with baffle plates (15).
    The present invention relates to an effluent purification system by evaporation at low temperature with recovery of condensation heat. Figure 1 shows an overview of the system, which is composed of a raw water tank or effluent (10) on which a stainless steel pipe (1) of at least 10.32 meters in height is placed, ending in an expander vessel (19) provided with baffles (15) in order to avoid entrainment of liquid towards the condenser (16). To achieve a low temperature evaporation the pressure needs to be lowered, these conditions are achieved with an atmospheric vacuum generator consisting of a water tank (2), a column at least 10.32 meters high (4), a raised tank (3) and a filling pump (5). Successive filling and emptying processes obtain the desired pressure in the evaporation-condensation chamber. Upon reaching the vapor pressure, to keep the evaporation process active it is necessary to provide heat, for this purpose a larger diameter pipe is used on which the effluent contains, thus configuring a jacket through which hot water will circulate in a closed circuit. The heating of the water is carried out in an accumulator tank (11) in which an electrical resistor (12) is supplied, fed by a set of photovoltaic panels (20). An electric pump (14) circulates the hot water through the jacket so that heat is transferred through the wall of the pipe containing the effluent. Once the process is initiated by which the water 20 contained in the effluent evaporates, it passes in the form of steam to a coil-shaped pipe (16) immersed in the effluent liquid contained in a container (13). In this way, the water vapor contained in the coil condenses and yields the heat of condensation to the effluent that is taken to the raw or effluent water tank (10) with a temperature higher than the inlet. The condensed steam accumulates in the purified water pipe (17), placed on the purified water tank (18).
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
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    fifteen
    1. Effluent purification system at low temperature, in which evaporation and condensation is carried out in an atmospheric vacuum chamber, maintained by the weight of liquid columns, characterized by the possibility of regenerating the vacuum in the evaporation-condensation chamber automatically and without interrupting the debugging process.
    [2]
    2. Purification system as described in claim 1 characterized by contemplating the caloric intake necessary for the continuous operation of the purification process.
    [3]
    3. Purification system as described in claim 1 characterized by recovering the heat of condensation and its re-entry into the process.
    [4]
    4. Purification system as described in claim 1 characterized by having an expander vessel (19) provided with deflector sheets (15) that prevent the entrainment of liquid effluent from the pipe (1) to the condenser (16).
    [5]
    5. Purification system as described in claim 1 characterized by being monitored by an electronic controller that performs continuous measurement of pressure and temperature in the evaporation-condensation chamber and acts on the set of pumps and valves to perform efficiently: vacuum regeneration in the condensation-evaporation chamber, heat input and recovery of condensation heat.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2686827A8|2018-11-23|
    ES2686827B2|2020-02-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2716446A|1952-02-08|1955-08-30|Willard J Ross|Water evaporator|
    WO1993018834A1|1992-03-23|1993-09-30|Fsr Patented Technologies, Ltd.|Liquid purifying/distillation device|
    WO2007063395A2|2005-11-29|2007-06-07|Rahmi Capan|System and method of passive liquid purification|
    CN106348370A|2016-10-24|2017-01-25|河海大学常州校区|Energy-saving compact type fresh water device|
    法律状态:
    2018-10-22| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2686827 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20181022 |
    2019-02-22| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20190218 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730622A|ES2686827B2|2017-04-19|2017-04-19|LOW TEMPERATURE EVAPORATION CLEANING SYSTEM WITH CONDENSATION HEAT RECOVERY|ES201730622A| ES2686827B2|2017-04-19|2017-04-19|LOW TEMPERATURE EVAPORATION CLEANING SYSTEM WITH CONDENSATION HEAT RECOVERY|
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