• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Disclosed are a bearing assembly and a method for producing a bearing assembly of this type, in which a bearing bush (14) is pressed into a bush receiving bore (8) of a bearing eye (1). The bush receiving bore is designed as a specifically formed bore in order to improve the contact pattern and to guarantee optimum pre-stressing.
    公开号:ES2615464A1
    申请号:ES201590129
    申请日:2014-06-06
    公开日:2017-06-07
    发明作者:Willi Breithaupt；Frieder Asser；Wolfgang Römpp；Siegfried Gruhler
    申请人:Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

     BEARING ARRANGEMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR PRODUCING A BEARING DISPOSITION The invention relates to a bearing arrangement with a bearing eye and a bearing sleeve introduced under pressure according to the preamble of claim 51 and a method for producing such bearing arrangement. The WO 2012/130738 A1 of the applicant describes a bearing arrangement and such a procedure. The bearing arrangement can be configured, for example, as a small eye of a connecting rod of an internal combustion engine. To optimize the weight and to absorb the applied forces 10 through the piston, in the direction of the rod the small eye of the connecting rod can be configured in the form of a trapezoid, in a stepped form or in the form of a basket handle. In general terms, in these rods the axial length of the bearing bushing is greater on the side of the rod than in the area opposite the rod.15 As already explained at the beginning, the cylindrical bearing bushes are configured with a gasket, unremachado (clinch ) or as a complete ring and can be introduced under pressure without technical problems, often recalibrated so that the bushings rest more evenly on the small eye of a connecting rod. In the connecting rods of passenger cars, it is common to first introduce the cylindrical deformation bushings first and then mill a trapezoid or form a curve. In the cranks of the trucks robust shaped bushings are used, in most cases with riveting (clinch) or as closed rings. Conventional bearing bushings, made with stepped shape or with basket handle shape and with gasket, embodiments at low cost, they sometimes deviate greatly from the ideal cylindrical shape, thus being robust and shapeless. As described in WO 2012/130738 A1, after introducing it to pressure, a calibration can be carried out using a calibration mandrel to adjust the sizeinner peripheral wall / inner cylinder of the bearing bushing. It has been found that, after the introduction of pressure, the bearing bushes do not rest with their entire surface on the peripheral wall of the bore that houses the bushing, in particular on the side of the rod, but, mainly laterally with respect to the cylindrical section annularly closed of the bearing bushing, cavities are formed between the inner peripheral wall of the bore housing bore and the outer peripheral wall / outer cylinder thereof. These cavities worsen the anchoring of the bearing bush and, therefore, should be avoided.Therefore, the invention aims to provide a bearing arrangement and a method for producing such a bearing arrangement where the formation of such cavities is minimized. The bearing arrangement, this objective is achieved by means of the characteristics of claim 1 and, in that it refers to the process, with the combination of characteristics of the independent claim 7. According to the invention, the bearing arrangement is provided with a bearing eye 15 where it is configured a socket housing drill. In this case, a bearing bushing is inserted under pressure, the bushing housing bore configured according to the invention as a shaped bore, that is, not as a cylindrical bore. The contour of the shaped hole is selected so that, after introducing it under pressure, the bearing bush is supported with its outer peripheral wall in the peripheral wall of the sleeve housing bore with a greater proportion of its surface and an optimum pre-tension compared to a cylindrical borehole.On the one hand, by means of the configuration according to the invention of the axially and / or radially variable diameter bushing housing bore, optimum bearing bearing support can be guaranteed on the peripheral surface of the bushing housing bore. On the other hand, it is ensured that the bearing bushing 14 is housed in the bushing housing bore 8 with a predetermined optimum pre-tension.In the process according to the invention to produce a bearing arrangement, it is similarly provided to configure this shaped bore with a diameter that varies in the axial direction and / or in the radial direction of the bearing eye. The shaped bore can be configured as a horn , this will open or close towards the front sides of the bearing eye. Therefore, the shape of horn is configured convex or concave. Alternatively, the shaped bore can also be made with another axially variable shape, that is to say with variable diameters seen in the axial direction of the bearing eye, or radially variable, that is to say with variable diameters seen in the radial direction. As an example of a radially variable configuration, a profile 10 similar to a 3 or 4 leaf clover is mentioned.Thanks to this radially variable configuration of the bushing housing bore 8 it is possible to orient a correspondingly shaped bearing bushing and accommodate it against torsion, ensuring adequate conformation a support of the entire outer peripheral surface of the bearing bush 14 on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve housing bore 8. A helical shape can also be made where the diameter varies both axially and radially. This type of shaped holes can be chosen, for example, to increase the stability against torsion.20 Also the contour of the shaped hole is preferably selected so that, once the bearing bushing is pressed, its inner peripheral wall is essentially cylindrically shaped . This is a difference with respect to conventional solutions, in which the bearing bushing is inserted in a cylindrical bushing housing bore and with the pressure introduction an inner cylinder of the bearing bushing is obtained which, outside the closed annular cylindrical section , is bulging out. The applicant reserves the right to direct an independent claim to the aforementioned feature.The bearing eye can be configured, for example, in the shape of a basket handle, in the shape of a trapeze or in a stepped shape. In these bearing eyes of variable axial length, the length being preferably longer on the side of the rod than in the opposite area thereof, the shaped curve is chosen so that the lateral support is improved with respect to the annular cylindrical section 5 of the bearing bush. The invention can be used, for example, in the machining of a small connecting rod eye. The shaped hole can be machined with a defined blade or with a tool that acts with blade compensation. 10 Checking if the bushing seat is optimized according to the invention can be performed by tomography or in another way. Next, the invention is explained in more detail by means of schematic figures, which show: Figure 1: views of a connecting rod with a small crank eye configured in the shape of a basket handle; Figure 2: three-dimensional representation of an eye small crankset in the shape of a basket handle; Figure 3: outline of the outline of a pa inner peripheral network and an outer peripheral wall of a bearing bush in a conventional bearing arrangement; Figure 4: representation analogous to that of Figure 3 of a bearing arrangement according to the invention; Figure 5: graphical representation of the force of Press-in retention according to the diameter of the bore housing the bushing; 25 Figure 6: a variant of a small connecting rod eye with a shamrock bushing housing bore; Figure 7: Possible geometry variants for bore holes capFigure 8: schematic representation of an interior head for machining bushing holes with the profiles according to Figure 6 and Figure 9: section along the line AA through the interior head of Figure 8.5 Figure 1 shows a top view of a connecting rod 1 made in basket basket. A section along the line A-A is shown on the left side of Figure 1. Thus, the connecting rod 1 has a large connecting rod eye 2 and a small connecting rod eye 4, connected by a connecting rod rod 6. In the small connecting rod eye 4 a bushing housing bore 8 is configured to accommodate a bearing bushing 10 . As can be seen from section A-A, the axial length of the small connecting rod eye 4 or the sleeve housing bore 8 on the side of the rod is greater than the axial length in the area away from the rod 6 (above in Figure 1). In Figure 1, the peripheral area of the sleeve housing bore 8 located on the side of the rod bears the reference number 10. The transition to the peripheral area 12, narrower and located above, is rounded. In principle it may also be another stepped or trapezoid shape is configured in which the small connecting rod eye 4 is narrowed upwards in the representation according to Figure 1.According to the representation of Figure 2 a bearing bushing 14 is pressed into the connecting rod eye 20. In this representation the bearing bushing 14 inserted in the bushing housing bore 8 of the small connecting rod eye 4 can be seen. It has the basket handle shape described above. The bearing bush 14 is made with a corresponding axial length variation, so that the bearing bush 25 adapts its surface to the contour of the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve housing bore. Figure 3 shows a very schematic representation where the contours of the inner peripheral wall (inner cylinder 16) and outer peripheral wall (outer cylinder 18) of the bearing bush 14 introduced at 30 are shownpressure, in a bearing arrangement not corresponding to the invention. In this, the bushing housing bore 8 is cylindrically shaped. In the assembled state, the bearing sleeve portion 14 of greater axial length is often bent inwardly, in the form of a chair or convex shape, so that the peripheral areas adjacent to the front edges are higher than the peripheral areas located therebetween. With the axial introduction of such a bushing under pressure, a so-called eraser effect occurs, where the areas located at a higher height are subject to greater friction and, consequently, to greater wear.10 In the lower part of Figure 3 the peripheral section 10 on the side of the rod of the bushing housing bore 8 has been drawn approximately in a rectangular manner. The rod 6 is then correspondingly below. In the upper part of the representation of Figure 3 the bearing bush 14 is shown with the inner cylinder 16 now visible, the bearing bush 14 being cut parallel to the plane of the drawing, being able to observe an edge in section 20 of the inner cylinder 16 and the edge in section 22 corresponding to the outer cylinder 18. When the bearing bush 14 described above is pressed under pressure, the inner cylinder 16 bulges towards the inside of the connecting rod eye 4 in the lateral areas 24, 26 of the bearing bush 14 adjacent to the front edges . The area between these bulging areas 24, 26 then extends concave inwardly. The rolling surface of the bearing bush 14 is identified with the reference number 19. Correspondingly, the outer cylinder 18 bulges inwardly, such that, between this outer cylinder 18 and the inner peripheral wall of the bore hole 25 sinuosase forms cavities 28, 30, whereby, at least in the area of the peripheral section 10, the bearing bushing 14 does not rest or only partially rests on the peripheral wall of the bushing housing bore 8 and, thereby, decreases retention force and pretension for bearing bush 14.30In the cranks with a stepped shape or with a basket handle shape, these cavities 28, 30 are specially formed on the side of the rod, outside the closed annular cylindrical section 21, that is in the areas of the peripheral section 10 extended in the axial direction. Therefore, the contact pattern of such a conventional bearing arrangement is insufficient.5 According to the invention, the sleeve housing bore 4 is not configured with a cylindrical shape, but as a shaped curve, this shaped curve being able to be configured for example shaped like a horn, so that the diameter D, as indicated very schematically in the upper right part of Figure 4, increases towards the two front sides 32, 34 of the small connecting rod eye 4. 10 Of course, they can also other curves formed according to Figures 3, 5 and 6 are chosen. In principle, the design is carried out so that the contact pattern and the pretension are significantly improved compared to the conventional solution. This can be seen in the representation of Figure 4, where it is shown the drawing of the inner cylinder 16 and the outer cylinder 18 with the edges in section 20, 22 in a configuration according to the invention of the drill of bushing housing 8. It can be clearly seen that the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 16 adopts an essentially flat, cylinder shape, without the inwardly bulging described above. It can also be clearly seen that the outer cylinder 18, in particular also in the areas outside the closed annular cylindrical section 21 of the bearing bushing 8, insinuated with dashed lines and points, rests flat on the inner peripheral wall of the housing bore of bushing 8. The cavities 28, 30 described above have been almost completely eliminated or at least reduced significantly, thereby improving the contact pattern and, therefore, also the holding force of the bearing bushing 14 compared to conventional solutions, even without calibration. Of course, a calibration can be carried out in a subsequent operation. Figure 5 shows a diagram showing the retention force of pressure introduction F as a function of the housing diameter D of the drill hole.bushing housing 8. It can be seen that, with a decreasing housing diameter, the pressure-retaining retention force F increases linearly; no deformation is perceived in the inner cylinder 20 of the bearing bush 14. In a conventional concept with a cylindrical sleeve housing bore, this behavior cannot be achieved.5 As explained above, the check as to whether the cavities described at the beginning are present or cannot be performed, for example, by tomography, a measuring machine or a manual device with a special measuring head can be used. Of course, other measurement procedures can also be used to detect the eventually existing cavities. In the embodiment described above, the bushing housing bore 8 is configured as a horn, with a variable diameter in the axial direction. Figure 6 shows a variant with a radially variable bush housing bore 15 (shaped hole) 8 in a small connecting rod eye 4. Here, the peripheral surface is made approximately like a 3 leaf clover. In other words: starting from the base circle 36, represented in strokes, the bushing housing bore 8 widens approximately in the form of a lobe in three areas divided by the periphery, so that in the represented cross section 20 a kind of clover structure is formed . A shaped drill profile of this type gives the small rod eye a great stability against torsion. In theory, this shape can also be further configured flared in the axial direction, then it is fully possible to configure a circular cross-section in the central area. This central circular zone is identified with the reference number 38. By means of such a conformation, an adaptation to the claim of the bearing sleeve / small connecting rod eye is achieved, ensuring a support of the entire surface of the bearing bush 14.30In the diagram of Figure 7, variants for the formation of the bushing housing hole 8 are shown. On the one hand, the cylindrical bushing housing hole 8 already known from the current state of the art is shown. In a cylindrical bushing housing of this type, the diameter U1 is constant on the axial length Z. According to the invention, profiles are preferred as shown in Figure 7 2), 3) and 4). In the case of a clover profile or a radially variable otromode profile, the diameter can be described with the equation U1 = f (C1 xf [0 ° -360 °]), where the radius U1 varies depending on the angle of rotation C1 . This profile preferably remains constant over the entire axial length Z, but also - as already indicated - it can vary. Figure 7 also shows axially variable profiles, for example a concave or concave horn shape, where the diameter U1 is a function of the axial length Z. Of course, other geometries are also possible, for example a helical geometry, where the diameter is configured variable both axially and radially. This diameter U1 depends, in the manner represented in Figure 7, on the axial length Z, the angle of rotation C1 and a constant a0.The geometric functions are shown in Figure 7.Of course, other geometries and shapes can also be used of the 20geometries shown. Figures 8 and 9 show a head of a radially adjustable precision drill 40 with which geometries of this type can be obtained for the sleeve housing bore 8. The base structure of this precision drill head 40 is described. WO 2013/011027 A1 of the applicant. 25 Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of a head of a radially adjustable precision drill 40 of this type, where a knife tool 42 can be adjusted with a piezoelectric actuator 44 in the direction U1, that is in the radial direction. The precision drill head 40 is supportedin a spindle 46 with which the blade tool 42 can be rotated about the axis of rotation C1. The knife tool 42 can also be adjusted in the axial direction, that is in the Z direction, to form the geometries shown in Figure 7 or other shaped holes. Figure 9 shows a section along the line A-A. In this representation a part of the piezoelectric actuator 44 can be seen, where a tool carriage 48, which supports the knife tool 42, can be adjusted in the radial direction (U1) by means of the piezoelectric actuator 44. A toolholder 50 is also shown in Figure 9. It is attached to the carriage 48 and the knife tool holder 42. With respect to other details, reference is made to document 10WO 2013/011027 A1 mentioned above.The radial adjustment can be carried out very dynamically depending on the Z advance and the rotation angle C1, presenting The structure has an optimum stiffness, so that sufficient accuracy is guaranteed even at high cutting speeds. With a piezoelectric precision drilling head 40 of this type it is possible to form a contour locked in phase by a corresponding activation by means of a controller according to the angular position C1 (detectable by a rotary encoder of the spindle 46) with acceleration or speed pilot control (a, v). In the case of axially variable shapes, for example concave or convex flared structures, the activation is carried out based on the advance 20 in the Z direction. Instead of a piezoelectric precision drilling head of this type, a tilting head can also be used diaphragm, as shown in DE 10 2007 017 800 A1. A bearing arrangement and a method for producing such a bearing arrangement are described, where a bearing bushing is pressed into a bushing housing bore of an eye of bearing. The sleeve housing bore is configured as a shaped bore to improve the contact pattern and ensure an optimal pretension.List of references: 1Biela2Ojo grande4Ojo crank rod housing pequeño6Vástago58Taladro peripheral side vástago12Tramo casquillo10Tramo periféricosituado arriba14Casquillo of cojinete15Cilindro interior1018Cilindro exterior19Superficie of cojinete20Bordeen sección22Bordeen sección24Zona1526Zona28Cavidad30Cavidad32Lado frontal34Lado frontal2036Círculo base38Zona central40Cabezal of taladrode precisión42Herramienta blade 44Actuador piezoeléctrico2546Husillo48Carro50Portaherramientas 
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Claims 1. Bearing arrangement with a bearing eye, wherein a bushing housing hole (8) is configured into which a bearing bushing (14) is pressed, characterized in that the bushing housing hole (8) is configured as a shaped hole of diameter 5 (D) axially and / or radially variable, so that, after pressure is introduced into the bearing bushing (14), it rests with its outer peripheral wall on the peripheral wall of the bushing housing hole (8 ) with a larger surface ratio than in the case of a cylindrical sleeve-bearing bore (8). 102 Bearing arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve-bearing bore (8) is horn-shaped in the axial direction. Bearing arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the bushing receiving bore (8) is shaped like a cloverleaf 15 ° helically. 4. bearing, in particular according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing housing bore (8) is configured such that, after pressure is introduced into the bearing sleeve (2), its inner peripheral wall is essentially 20 cylindrical. 5. bearing according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing eye is configured with different axial lengths along the periphery, for example in the shape of a trapezoid, stepped shape or basket handle shape, the hole being selected so as to be it improves support, especially laterally with respect to a closed annular cylindrical section of the bearing bush (14) or of the bearing eye.Bearing arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that this is a small eye (4) of a connecting rod (1). 7. Procedure to produce a bearing arrangement, with the following steps: 5The drilling of a hole bearing sleeve (8) in a bearing eye and Pushing a bearing sleeve (2) into the sleeve bearing bore (8), characterized in that the bearing bearing bore (8) is configured as a shaped bore whose diameter (D) is radially or axially variable, to ensure optimum support and pretension of the bearing sleeve (14) in the bearing sleeve bore (8). 8. Procedure according to claim 7, characterized in that the The shaped hole is configured in the shape of a horn, with a diameter that increases or decreases towards the front sides (14, 16), or in the shape of a cloverleaf or helical shape. 9. Procedure according to claims 7 and 8, face cured because an adjustable radially actuated tool with blade compensation or a defined blade is used to perform the shaped hole.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE112014002701A5|2016-02-25|
    WO2014195500A2|2014-12-11|
    DE102013105879A1|2014-12-11|
    WO2014195500A3|2015-02-26|
    ES2615464B1|2018-01-18|
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    法律状态:
    2016-09-14| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20160908 |
    2017-03-08| NE2A| Request for restoration|Effective date: 20170302 |
    2018-01-18| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2615464 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180118 |
    2018-07-03| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20180627 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102013105879|2013-06-06|
    DE102013105879.5A|DE102013105879A1|2013-06-06|2013-06-06|Bearing assembly and method of manufacturing a bearing assembly|
    PCT/EP2014/061910|WO2014195500A2|2013-06-06|2014-06-06|Bearing assembly and method for producing a bearing assembly|
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