• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Ultralight landscaping system, cultivation without soil on inclined surfaces, with a first layer (3), a second layer (4) and irrigation means, where the first layer (3) is an impermeable membrane placed on the surface (1) ; the second layer (4) is a laminar body of substrate, adhered to the previous one: the total weight of layers being less than or equal to 10 kg/m2, and the cohesive force of the structure of the second layer (4) has a value greater than the stresses in it during its placement and lower than the adhesion strength of the first layer on the second layer (4). System execution process comprising placing on the surface (1) of a first layer (3), placing the flexible laminar body of the substrate by adhesion on the first layer (3), and installing irrigation means. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2615393A1
    申请号:ES201700411
    申请日:2017-03-31
    公开日:2017-06-06
    发明作者:Jordi SERRAMIA RUIZ
    申请人:Singulargreen S L；Singulargreen SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Ultralight vertical landscaping system, and execution process of said system Technical Field of the Invention
    The present invention corresponds to the technical field of landscaping systems, in particular to landless cultivation systems on vertical and inclined surfaces, with application in landscaping, landscaping, architecture, agriculture, decoration and interior design industries. Background of the Invention
    At present, several modular vertical gardening systems are marketed that allow the installation of vegetation in vertical walls through modules or panels that support the landscaping while separating the system from the facade to avoid moisture. The installation of these construction systems is carried out using metal anchors, screws and, in some cases, an additional support substructure. The installation times of these systems are very high both in the assembly and in the eventual removal, due to the high weight and the installation of the façade anchors. At present, the installation of vertical gardening systems has a very high cost compared to other conventional systems and facade cladding.
    Current modular vertical gardening systems can only be used in certain situations where the vertical wall can support the weight and placement of anchors; For the rehabilitation of medians in the case of demolition of existing buildings between medians, a separate structure must be built and grounded in the ground to support the weight of the vertical gardening systems currently on the market.
    There is a need to achieve a system of landscaping of vertical surfaces with a much smaller weight than those existing today and without the need to use anchors, so that their placement is not limited by the nature of the wall or its ability to Receive these anchors.
    In turn, it would be a great advantage to design a simple system with a reduced assembly and disassembly time in order to reduce installation costs in this way, as well as reduce the costs of conventional and rehabilitation facade finishes and cladding.
    On the other hand, it would be convenient to find a flexible landscaping system that can be adapted to complex surfaces with curves, different inclinations and irregular reliefs such as medians in the case of demolition of adjacent buildings; a system that is not limited by standardized measures and the rigidity of the modules of current vertical gardening systems.
    In addition, in the current systems, the plants are placed one by one in a series of modules, either by planting the panels in nursery prior to their placement or by planting in the definitive location of the vertical garden, this is a disadvantage of the current systems , since it is a slow and expensive process.
    As an example of the prior art, the following reference documents ES2351331B1, ES2393571B1, CN201620203057 and ES2591241 can be mentioned.
    Reference document ES2351331 B1 describes a modular system for vertical gardening consisting of adjacent modules to cover vertical walls supported by a construction structure. Each module consists of a frame with a waterproof bottom and a mesh-shaped upper base to fit substrate elements for plant seedlings. In the stringers and frame crossbars there are holes for transverse coupling anchors between modules; and the modules are fixed to floors of the construction structure by means of anchor brackets.
    As this modular system is described, it requires a structure and an anchor system that transmits the weight of the modules to the building structure. Both the weight of this frame and the need for anchors limit the type of vertical walls in which this system can be placed.
    In another aspect, this modular system is prepared to receive seedlings whose manual placement one by one requires a high amount of labor which raises the cost of the system and the installation time.
    Reference document ES239357181 describes a modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for the cultivation of vegetation on vertical surfaces consisting of a series of layers that form pockets and an impermeable sheet that remains in contact with the wall.
    The means of anchoring to the vertical surface of this system is formed by a rigid profile that acts as a fixing system for each of the modules. The modular system of the invention can be fixed to the wall or façade by means of various anchoring systems, such as metal brackets placed in the upper interior of the frame and fixed to the wall by means of screws.
    The need for anchors and a fixing profile increase the weight and limit the type of facades on which it can be placed, to those facades that can receive anchors. The need for a profile in each module means that, despite being a system described as flexible, it cannot be completely adapted to curved surfaces or accidents, such as medians in demolition of adjacent buildings.
    The planting system is manual, planting plant by plant in the pockets intended for this purpose. This manual process makes the installation time more expensive.
    The reference document eN 201620203057 is formed by a hard plastic sheet and felt with pockets for the manual planting of plant species, in the same way that in the previous document its placement is limited by the weight of these elements and the need for anchors for your hold
    Reference document ES2591241, owned by the applicant himself of this invention, tries to solve some of the drawbacks by carrying out a projected landscaping system, of a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces, comprising a first layer formed by the less a waterproof membrane projected on the surface where at least one of the membranes has anti-root properties, a second layer projected on the first layer, comprising crop seeds and a substrate suitable for cultivation without soil, with a granular structure and / or fibrillar, and landscaping irrigation means.
    In this case, although landscaping is achieved in which it is not necessary to use anchors or any type of garden support element, the fact that it is done
    through a projection of the layers it is still a fairly slow system in its placement.
    Another aspect to take into account in this projected system is that the quality of the finish and the thickness of the substrate is left to the operator, being unable to guarantee a uniform and quality finish regardless of the skill of the installer.
    In addition, the use of a projection method has the disadvantage that the substrate that forms the second layer is projected on the first, and although there is an adhesion with this first layer, there is no cohesion force between the granules and / or fibers that make up the substrate, since when placed by projection, there is no union between them, so it can be easily affected by vandalism or by inclement weather such as wind, which can generate detachments of parts of said substrate.
    There is therefore no system of landscaping of vertical surfaces or with a certain inclination in the state of the art, even if it is a flexible system adaptable to surfaces with different shapes and that is sufficiently light and does not require anchors in its placement, so as not to affect the structure in which it is placed. Description of the invention
    The ultralight landscaping system of a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces proposed here, comprises a first layer with anti-root properties, a second layer formed by a substrate suitable for landless cultivation and irrigation means formed by a pipe superior that provides water by gravity and capillarity.
    The first layer is formed by an impermeable membrane while the second layer is formed by a fiber structure that has a flexible laminar body shape suitable for landless cultivation of plant species, adhered on the first layer.
    In addition, the second layer comprises crop seeds.
    On the other hand, this landscaping system meets a first condition that the total weight of the layers that comprise it is of a value less than or equal to 10 kg / m2.
    Likewise, it fulfills a second condition which consists in that the fiber structure that forms the second layer has a cohesion force between said fibers whose value is greater than the tensions produced in said second layer during its placement by adhesion on the first layer e less than the adhesion force of the first layer on the second layer.
    This condition of the cohesion force of the fiber structure allows the manipulation of the flexible sheet body that forms said fiber structure, by operators during installation without breaking it. At the same time, once this laminar body is placed on the first layer, since said cohesive force is lower than the adhesion force of the laminar body with the impermeable membrane, it prevents that once installed the sheet of substrate can be removed in one piece without breaking it This feature provides the advantage that, in the face of external actions such as wind or vandalism, it avoids the shedding of large fragments of substrate that can fall from the vertical garden.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the irrigation means of the landscaping system comprise a channel for collecting the excess water from the irrigation at the bottom of the surface and a protection profile of the upper irrigation pipe.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the waterproof membrane is polyurethane base.
    In another preferred embodiment, the waterproof membrane is polyurea base.
    In another preferred embodiment, the waterproof membrane is a tensioned canvas.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the impermeable membrane has thermal insulation properties.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the substrate sheet composition comprises activated carbon and / or sphagnum moss fibers, and / or coconut fibers, and / or rock wool fibers.
    According to another preferred embodiment, the substrate suitable for cultivation comprises granules of slow release fertilizer.
    According to another aspect, according to a preferred embodiment, the flexible laminar body of substrate suitable for cultivation has, on the opposite side of the first layer, a series of reliefs suitable for fixing the seeds.
    In other preferred embodiments, the waterproof membrane material has flame retardant properties meeting the requirements of fire protection.
    This report also presents a process for the execution of an ultralight landscaping system, for a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces, as defined above. This process includes the following phases:
    A first phase of placement on the surface of a first waterproof membrane layer with anti-root properties.
    Next, a second phase consisting of the placement of a second layer formed by a flexible laminar body of substrate suitable for cultivation, by adhesion thereof on the first layer.
    The third phase consists of an installation of irrigation means of the projected landscaping.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the waterproof membrane is placed by a painting process.
    In this case and according to a preferred embodiment, it comprises an additional phase of painting a primer on the surface, prior to the placement by means of painting the first impermeable membrane layer with anti-root properties.
    According to a preferred embodiment, this process of executing the adhered landscaping system comprises a phase prior to the placement of the second layer, consisting of the mixing of crop seeds with the fiber structure of the flexible laminar substrate body suitable for culture.
    In another preferred embodiment, this process of executing the adhered landscaping system comprises a phase subsequent to the placement of the second layer, consisting of the projection of crop seeds on the fiber structure of the flexible laminar substrate body.
    According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, the laying phase of the second layer of the flexible laminar substrate body is carried out before solidification of the impermeable membrane of the first layer.
    According to another preferred embodiment, the laying phase of the second layer of the flexible laminar substrate body is carried out after solidification of the impermeable membrane of the first layer, by placing an adhesive on the first layer.
    According to another aspect, when the waterproof membrane of the first layer is a canvas, it is placed by tensioning from the perimeter of the base thereof.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the ultralight landscaping system comprises an initial phase consisting of the placement of a protection profile of the upper irrigation pipe, on the upper part of the surface and the placement of a collection channel for the leftover irrigation water, at the bottom of the surface.
    With the ultralight landscaping system, and the system execution process proposed here, a significant improvement in the state of the art is obtained.
    This is so because a simple landscaping system is achieved that is possible to perform on surfaces regardless of the value of the sloping slope of the same or even if it has complex reliefs or curved shapes.
    In addition, in any of these cases the installation would be achieved, quickly and effectively, without using additional fasteners or anchoring to the surface, as the system is adhered, which reduces the cost considerably. In addition, dispensing with anchoring elements and structures reduces the weight of the system to less than 10kg / m2, being suitable for all types of vertical building walls including treatment or rehabilitation of medians.
    This landscaping system includes everything necessary in itself so that crops can be grown, without depending on the characteristics of the support where it is placed.
    The system is designed for planting by means of a seed process, which implies the advantage of significantly reducing the cost compared to vertical landscaping systems planted by seedlings.
    The first layer of waterproof membrane and with anti-root properties that is painted on the surface on which the landscaping is intended to be placed, or is tensioned in the case of being a canvas, manages to insulate it from possible dampness and avoid development damage from the roots, forming a protective skin on the surface.
    This makes the system especially suitable for installation in medians in the case of demolition of adjoining buildings, since in these it is technically necessary to treat the medians with a waterproof finish.
    The nature of the structure of the laminar substrate layer composed of fibers and the adhesion properties mean that fragments of substrate cannot be detached by external actions such as wind, rain or vandalism.
    Finally, but equally relevant, in the preferred embodiment in which the system is adhered to the facade, the evaporation of the irrigation water and the evapotranspiration of the plants generate an active cooling on the facade in the hot months, which is transmitted directly to the facade since there is no separation.
    and all this is done through a simple, fast and efficient process, to achieve a lower cost system, very effective and that does not present problems of its use on facades and walls of buildings. Brief description of the drawings
    In order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, an integral part of said description is provided, a series of drawings where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, represented the following:
    Figure 1 shows a diagram of the section of the adhered landscaping system for a preferred embodiment of the invention. Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
    In view of the figure provided, it can be seen how in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ultralight landscaping system of a landless crop on vertical (1) and inclined surfaces presented here comprises a first layer (3 ) with anti-root properties, a second layer (4) formed by a substrate suitable for landless cultivation and irrigation means formed by an upper pipe (6) that provides water by gravity and capillarity.
    The first layer (3) is formed by an impermeable membrane placed on the surface (1), and the second layer (4) is formed by a fiber structure that has a flexible laminar body shape suitable for soilless cultivation of plant species, adhered on the first layer (3).
    In this embodiment, the system realized on the vertical vertical surface (1) of a building is considered.
    This landscaping system meets a first condition that the total weight of the layers that comprise it is of a value less than or equal to 10 kg / m2. In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the combined weight of the layers described is 3kg / m2.
    It also fulfills a second condition concerning the cohesion force between the fibers of the second layer (4).
    This condition consists in that the fiber structure that forms the second layer (4) has a cohesion force between them with a value greater than the tensions produced in said second layer (4) during its placement by adhesion on the first layer ( 3) and less than the adhesion force of the first layer (3) on the second layer (4).
    As shown in Figure 1, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the irrigation means of the landscaping system have an upper irrigation pipe (6) in the upper part of the system for the supply of water by gravity and capillarity. to the same, protected by a profile (2) of protection of the same. It also includes a channel (5) for collecting the excess irrigation water at the bottom.
    In this preferred embodiment, the waterproof membrane of the first layer (3) is polyurethane based, with flame retardant properties, while the substrate laminar body of the second layer (4) is manufactured with sphagnum fibers, activated carbon and fibers of Cellulose in a manufacturing process identical to the traditional papermaking process. In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the finish of this laminar substrate body, on the opposite side thereof to the first layer (3), presents a series of reliefs suitable for fixing the seeds (7).
    This report also proposes an execution process for an ultralight landscaping system, as defined above. This process includes the following phases:
    A first phase of placing on the surface by painting on it, a first layer (3) of waterproof membrane with anti-root and flame retardant properties.
    A second phase consisting in the placement of a second layer (4) formed by a flexible laminar body of substrate suitable for cultivation, by adhesion thereof on the first layer (3). In this preferred embodiment the placement of the body Substrate laminating is performed when the last coat of the first layer (3) is still fresh, thus using the waterproof membrane itself as an adhesive.
    The third phase consists of an installation of irrigation means of the projected landscaping.
    In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the process comprises a post-placement phase of the second layer (4), consisting of the projection of seeds.
    (7) of cultivation on the fiber structure of the flexible laminar substrate body. In this preferred embodiment, the projection is carried out when the substrate is wet, using moisture as a means of adhesion of the seeds (7).
    In addition, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the process has an initial phase prior to any of the above, in which the placement of a protection profile (2) of the upper irrigation pipe (6) is carried out, in the upper part of the surface (1) and, the placement of a channel (5) for collecting the remaining irrigation water, in the lower part of the surface (1).
    With the landscaping system adhered and the process of execution of the same presented here, significant improvements are achieved with respect to the state of the art.
    A landscaping system is achieved that allows its realization in all types of vertical and high inclination walls, always with the same process and without requiring the introduction of additional elements or mechanical anchors.
    With this, a very light system is achieved, weighing less than 10kg / m2 that can be placed on any type of vertical or inclined wall, especially in the case of medians, this system can be used regardless of the weight it can support.
    Being a painted and adhered landscaping system, a significant saving in installation time is obtained compared to other vertical gardening systems. The process of execution is similar in time and labor to the placement of wallpaper.
    In addition, it creates a waterproof and insulating surface, continuous and seamless, which improves the insulation of buildings.
    It is a system that can be installed on all types of facades and walls, regardless of its configuration, shape or roughness.
    In addition, the system includes a seed process, so it is not necessary or possible to plant the plant manually. Thus, it is not necessary to use skilled labor in gardening.
    With these factors, a significant cost reduction is also obtained with respect to other vertical gardening systems, and it is an efficient, simple and practical system, while the process of realizing it is quick and simple.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    one- Ultralight landscaping system, of a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces, comprising a first layer (3) with anti-root properties, a second layer (4) formed by a substrate suitable for landless cultivation and irrigation means formed by an upper pipe (6) that provides water by gravity and capillarity, characterized in that -the first layer (3) is formed by an impermeable membrane placed on the surface (1); -the second layer (4) is formed by a fiber structure that has a flexible laminar body shape suitable for soilless cultivation, adhered on the first layer (3); - where the second layer (4) comprises crop seeds; -where the total weight of the layers of the system is of a value less than or equal to 10 kg / m2, and; -where the fiber structure that forms the second layer (4) has a cohesion force between said fibers whose value is greater than the tensions produced in said second layer (4) during its placement by adhesion on the first layer (3) and less than the adhesion force of the first layer (3) on the second layer (4).
    2- Ultralight landscaping system according to claim 1, characterized in that the irrigation means comprise a channel (5) for collecting the excess water from the irrigation at the bottom of the surface (1) and a protection profile (2) for the upper irrigation pipe (6).
    3- Ultralight landscaping system according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the waterproof membrane is polyurethane base.
    4- Ultralight landscaping system according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the waterproof membrane is polyurea based.
    5- Ultralight landscaping system according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the waterproof membrane is a tensioned canvas.
    6-Ultralight landscaping system, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waterproof membrane has thermal insulation properties.
    7-Ultralight landscaping system, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate suitable for cultivation comprises activated carbon, and / or sphagnum moss fibers, and / or coconut fibers, and / or rock wool fibers .
    8-Ultralight and bonded landscaping system, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate suitable for cultivation comprises slow release fertilizer.
    9-Ultralight landscaping system, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible laminar substrate body suitable for cultivation has on the opposite side the first layer (3), a series of reliefs suitable for fixing the seeds (7)
    10-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, of a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces (1), as defined according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following phases:
    placement on the surface (1) of a first membrane layer (3)waterproof with anti-root properties;placement of a second layer (4) formed by a flexible laminar body ofsubstrate suitable for cultivation, by adhering it on the first layer (3),e ',installation of irrigation means of the projected landscaping.
    11-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to claim 10, characterized in that the impermeable membrane is placed by a painting process.
    12-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to any of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that it comprises an additional phase of painting a primer on the surface (1), prior to placement by painting the First layer (3) of waterproof membrane with anti-root properties.
    13-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a phase prior to the placement of the second layer (4), consisting of the mixing of seeds (7) of cultivation with the fiber structure of the flexible laminar body of substrate suitable for cultivation.
    14-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a phase subsequent to the placement of the second layer (4), consisting of the projection of seeds (7) of cultivation on the fiber structure of the flexible laminar substrate body.
    15-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to any of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the phase of placing the second layer (4) formed by the flexible laminar substrate body is carried out before solidification of the waterproof membrane of the first layer (3).
    16-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to any of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that the phase of laying the second layer (4) formed by the flexible laminar substrate body is carried out after solidification of the waterproof membrane of the first layer (3), by placing an adhesive on the first layer (3).
    17-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to any of claims 10, 13 and 14, characterized in that when the waterproof membrane of the first layer is a canvas, it is placed by tensioning from the perimeter of the base of the same.
    18-Execution process of an ultralight landscaping system, according to any one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that it comprises an initial phase consisting of placing a protection profile (2) of the upper irrigation pipe (6), in the upper part of the surface (1) and, the placement of a channel (5) for collecting the remaining irrigation water, in the lower part of the surface (1).
     Fig. 1 
    17
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2615393B2|2017-12-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2559239T3|2011-08-30|2016-02-11|Saint-Gogain Cultilene Bv|Plant cover facade plate and associated plant cover wall|
    ES2591241A2|2016-10-27|2016-11-25|SingularGreen S.L.|Projected landscaping system and execution process of said system |
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