• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Set and method of assessment of simultaneous vision and eye suppression for people with intellectual disabilities. The set includes triangles and squares of red and green colors, as well as houses formed by a triangle and a square of different color (red and green). These figures can have various sizes. It also includes a black plate or horizontal support on which the evaluated person can manipulate the presented figures, and three sample cards printed with black stroke on a white background with the contours of a triangle, a square and a house, respectively. The set is accompanied by glasses with anaglyph filters, so that one eye will see the red figures and the other green. This set can be used with people with special needs, who do not offer reliable answers with the other existing tests. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2613100A1
    申请号:ES201700271
    申请日:2017-03-27
    公开日:2017-05-22
    发明作者:Yolanda MARTÍN PÉREZ；Guadalupe GONZÁLEZ MONTERO；Ángel GUTIÉRREZ HERNÁNDEZ
    申请人:Universidad Complutense de Madrid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    SET AND METHOD OF EVALUATION OF THE SIMULTANEOUS VISION AND EYE SUPPRESSION FOR PERSONS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
    Technical sector
    The invention falls within the technical sector of devices for visual evaluation to people with limited collaboration, in particular for the study of simultaneous vision and ocular suppression, in the exploration
    of binocular vision.
    State of the art
    Currently, there is great awareness about the importance of
    integration of people with special needs in all areas
    of the society. For him, proper control of his health is essential,
    which requires the adaptation of diagnostic tests to the capabilities of each person. This will allow to obtain the maximum information to arrive at a correct diagnosis.
    Through vision, we receive most of the information from what we
    surrounds and thanks to it we can understand, interact and interact with the environment. You could say that our ability to process all this information will depend on our effectiveness in the activities we do, from walking to reading or writing.
    There are situations in which some alteration, congenital or acquired,
    It prevents the proper development and functioning of the vision, negatively affecting the relationship with the environment and, therefore, daily life.
    Knowing the visual state of a person is essential, especially in those with communication difficulties, since it allows to know if the processing of the information that is receiving from the environment can be
    altered by the existence of a visual problem.
    To enable a good development of vision, as prevention and in order to provide the best treatments for the different visual and ocular alterations, it is necessary to perform periodic reviews. Early action on a possible visual problem is especially important in people with intellectual disabilities, especially those who have difficulty communicating and / or relating. For these population groups it is necessary to adapt the procedures and methodologies of visual evaluation, as in other areas of health, adapting the interventions to their personal characteristics and needs.
    It is very important to banish as a result of a visual examination the "does not collaborate" that appears so many times in the reports of these patients. So
    Therefore, the optician must have the greatest number of adapted devices that allow the maximum collaboration of the patient to know the status of their visual function.
    There are modified tests for preschoolers with which different visual abilities can be evaluated and are those that are usually used in people with intellectual disabilities. We found specific tests of:
    Visual acuity: LEA test with all its variants.Color vision: Ishihara's Desing Charts tor Color Deticiency ofUnlettered Persons.
    Stereopsis: Títmus Test, Lang Stereotest, Random Dot E Depth Perception Test, Randot Stereotest, TNO Test.
    Fusion and eye suppression: Worth test.
    In these tests different tools are used, for example:
    The Titmus test requires the use of polarized glasses with which
    objects with a sense of depth are appreciated; the most variant
    simple, which is used in the case of children, is the fly test in the
    that the child is asked to catch the fly to detect his ability to
    depth perception.
    In the TNO test for children, several symbols are used (cross, circle,
    rhombus, triangle and square) so that they will be embossed by
    the use of anaglyph glasses (red / green).
    Lang's test presents images that are seen in three dimensions without
    5 need for glasses and where they represent a car, a star and a
    mouse .
    Worth's test focuses on the use of a flashlight that emits
    four lights (one white, one red and two green) on a black background and
    requires the use of anaglyph glasses (red / green).
    10 These tests are very useful on many occasions but, on other occasions, you cannot
    obtain the necessary information about the patient's visual status with
    intellectual disability This is due to the complexity of the tests and to
    the need for some participation by the patient. In the case of
    young children, you can usually wait for the child to grow and
    I S I can collaborate better when doing these tests. However, with the
    people with special needs this is not possible and would be necessary
    have other devices and tests that can be applied if with the current ones
    We can get an answer.
    twenty A device for analyzing vision is described in EP2014221A1
    binocular improving the accuracy of the tests used. It has a
    display for optotype display by means of a red and a green filter
    each one in front of one eye; on a white background, on the screen, it
    they show an optotype in green, another in red and a third in a
    25 color that is neither red nor green.
    The RU2012215 patent aims to improve the accuracy and reliability of the
    Worth test simplifying the process, considering that its complexity does not
    It makes it suitable for all types of patients (including young children). Be
    30 they wear anaglyph glasses (green and red) and, on a black background, they are shown
    objects (for example, a car) built with a mosaic of parts in
    Green, red and white.
    US3844641 describes an apparatus with two optotypes that have the
    background of the same color and intensity of shadows; each of them contains
    several elements that, in each optotype are represented from partial fo rm
    5 ("clues") so that the fusion of both images offers a figure
    complete. The wind icios "can be identical or complementary in both
    optotypes For example: in an optotype two arms of a cross, in the second
    optotype the other two arms, when it is sioned a cross is seen; or a square in
    an optotype plus a cross in the second, when they sion, give a square
    the divided into four triangles. The two optotypes are placed next to each other and
    they are observed through prisms, mirrors or telebinocular instruments.
    There are other inventions with which to determine fusion problems and / or
    eye suppression, such as those included in documents such as:
    fifteen W020090539 17A1, which describes an apparatus for analyzing and treating the
    Binocular vision that is based on showing different images for each eye.
    It presents some stimuli that are seen by one eye and other stimuli
    They are seen by the other. The device can measure the characteristics of the
    stimuli that each eye needs for vision to exist or to occur
    twenty binocular. Different parameters of the images presented are modified
    penalizing alojo bu eno and facilitating the vision of the eye that suppresses.
    US201102S976A1 is based on a device for presenting
    Anaglyph images and in the use of anaglyph glasses. This device is
    25 more complex in the sense that it evaluates the degrees of stereopsis. The
    patient collaboration is greater because you have to understand what
    That is to see in relief.
    The device described in JP2013063246A also presents images of
    30 different disparity, so that each eye can see one of the images and,
    if the person being evaluated has stereoscopic vision, you will see them in
    relief.
    5 Even so, devices that are sufficiently simple and reliable are still missing for use with patients with intellectual disabilities. It would be desirable to have available to the optometrist a series of alternative tests that can be used in the visual examination of people with intellectual disabilities, in order to obtain the information necessary to allow a correct diagnosis.
    10 Detailed description of the invention Set and method of evaluation of simultaneous vision and ocular suppression for people with intellectual disabilities.
    I S The present invention relates to a set to evaluate the simultaneous vision and ocular suppression of people with special needs who are not able to respond to the tests existing in the state of the art, "set" being understood as the set of elements that have a common goal, that is, to carry out said evaluation.
    20 2S The present invention focuses on achieving a response of the patient with intellectual disability in a test that evaluates simultaneous vision and ocular suppression. This new set includes a flat iron or black support. and a series of figures in the shape of triangles and squares of different sizes in red and green colors. The set also includes figures in the shape of houses of different sizes, which result from combining red and green triangles and squares. These figures are made of easily manageable materials, even for people with low hand skills, which can be rigid materials or semi-rigid materials, all in red and green colors.
    30 In addition, the set has three independent cards without colors as a sample. On a white background, a card has a figure of a triangle, another a square and another a house (consisting of a square and a triangle
    together) printed in thick black line, sufficiently dense and inked so that it is easily visible. These cards are used for explanation and test testing. In addition, they are the sample images to indicate to the patient the figure to find and select from
    those presented to him.
    Among the materials that can be used for the elaboration of both the black support, as of the figures, as of the three sample cards, are, for example: wood, metal, methacrylate, plywood, cork,
    cardboard, honeycomb cardboard, pressed cardboard, cardboard, felt, EVA rubber (or ethyl vinyl acetate), foam rubber (or polyurethane foam) and / or plastics. Any plastic can be chosen, such as: polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, low density polyethylene and / or polystyrene.
    Each type of figure (equilateral triangles, squares and houses) is represented in the set by between 3 and 9 units of different sizes, being the choice of 5 different sizes of each figure in each test. The different sizes of the figures allow to estimate the size of the suppression scotoma, if it exists. In addition, varying the presentation distance also allows the scotoma size estimate to be modified. In general, the sides of the figures can have a size between 0.5cm and 20cm.
    On the other hand, the black plate or support has a size of 30-100 cm by 30-100 cm and, as already mentioned, it can be made with light materials. In this way, the set as a whole is easy to transfer and thus also has the advantage of portability and the possibility of
    present it in the place that is most suitable for the individual with intellectual disability whose simultaneous vision and / or eye suppression is to be evaluated.
    The set may also include anaglyph glasses, with a red filter for one eye and a green filter for the other. In this way, the patient when he has the glasses
    put on you can see the red figures on the black surface only with the eye
    that carries the red filter and the green figures only with the eye that carries the filter
    green
    The performance of the test is presented as a game or activity similar to
    tasks that people with intellectual disabilities develop in their daily lives, making them easier and more realizable. The simplicity of the test
    It also makes it an ideal test for use with young children. The set of the invention is preferably used closely to help
    better focus the attention of the patient with attention difficulties, since These patients find it more difficult to respond to tests that are done in the distance.
    Compared to the tests used in patients with intellectual disabilities, the set of the invention has several advantages. The test that is commonly used to evaluate ocular suppression and simultaneous vision is the Worth test, already mentioned in the previous section. On many occasions, this test results
    difficult to understand and, since it is necessary to move away from the patient to
    Determining the size of the suppression scotoma, the lack of attention, frequent in the case of patients with intellectual disability, causes the reliability of the test to be lost. Another test that assesses whether there is ocular suppression and simultaneous near vision, also using rojolverde glasses, is a lamina
    which is part of the TNO Test. However, this test can also be
    Hard to understand by these patients. In addition, it has stimuli of a unique size that prevents determining the size of the suppression scotoma, if it exists.
    To evaluate the simultaneous vision and ocular suppression by means of the set of the invention, the patient must wear the anaglyph glasses and they are presented, on the black surface placed in a horizontal plane, for example on a
    S 10 Table, the different figures. The examiner selects a sample card (with a square, a triangle or a house) and explains to the patient that he should look for, take and deliver to the examiner himself the figure from among those presented on the black surface that is equal to that represented. on the selected sample card. Thus, it can be checked, with the squares and triangles of the two colors and using the different sizes, if the patient is able to see those stimuli with each of the eyes separately. This will allow to assess if there is any suppression scotoma and its size. In addition, when showing the patient the card with the house, it will be possible to check if he is able to see with both eyes at the same time (simultaneous vision). If this is the case, the house will be selected when the card with the house is presented. If you do not have simultaneous vision, you will select the figure of the house, even if you have been shown a square or a triangle.
    fifteen Brief description of the figures
    Figures 1-5. Series of equilateral triangles of different sizes.
    twenty Figures 6-10. Series of squares of different size.
    25 Figures 11 -15. Series of houses of different sizes each composed of an equilateral triangle and a square like those shown in Figures 1-10. Figures 16-18. They correspond to the three cards used in the test as a sample and that contain, each of them, the figure of a triangle, a square and a house, respectively.
    30 Embodiment of the invention The present invention is further illustrated by the examples. which are not intended to be limiting of their scope.following
    Example 1. Preparation of sel.
    The materials and sizes of the elements of the set can be as follows, based on the indispensable condition that the colors green and
    red of the material with which the figures are made must be perfectly
    Complementary to the red and green filters used in the glasses:
    A black rigid cardboard support of 40cm x 40cm was prepared. For another
    side, plastic sheets, in particular polystyrene, were used to
    manufacture: S red equilateral triangles of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and Scm sideways. S green equilateral triangles of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and Scm sideways. S red squares of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and Scm sideways.
    5 green squares of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and 5cm sideways.5 figures, shaped like a house, formed by an equilateral triangle of
    1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and Scm high each, as a red away, and a square of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and Scm high, at the bottom of green, so that the sides of the square are the same length as the sides of the triangle in each of the houses.
    5 figures, shaped like a house, formed by an equilateral triangle of 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and 5cm in height as a green roof
    and a square, 1 cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and Scm high, in the part
    lower red, so that the sides of the square are of the
    same length as the sides of the triangle in each of the houses.
    Also prepared 3 cards, S cm x 5 cm, printed with black stroke
    on a white background with the contours of an equilateral triangle, a square and a house, respectively, the house being formed by a triangle
    equilateral and a square whose sides are the same length as the sides
    30 of the triangle; These cards were made in cardboard. And an anaglyph glasses
    with a red fillro and green airo.
    Figures 1-5 show a series of equilateral triangles of different
    size like those manufactured in this example in which two were made
    complete series of figures with plastic sheets, a series of red and another series of green.
    Figures 6-10 show a series of squares of different sizes. With these forms two complete series of figures were made, a series of color
    Red and other green series.
    10 Figures 11-15 show a series of houses of different sizes each composed of an equilateral triangle and a square, whose sides have the same length. With these forms a series was made
    where the triangle is red and the square is green in all of them
    and another series where the triangle is green and the square is red.
    The figures from 16 to 18 correspond to the three cards that in the test are
    used as a sample and containing, each of them, the figure of a triangle, a square and a house formed by an equilateral triangle and a
    square whose sides have the same length, respectively
    20 Example 2. Use of the set to evaluate simultaneous vision and ocular suppression in a person with intellectual disability.
    The black rigid cardboard holder of Example 1 was placed on a table. 25 The patient and the examiner sat next to each other and the patient put on the anaglyph glasses of example 1.
    The examiner placed several figures of squares, triangles and houses, of
    both red and green color (and the two colors for houses) on the
    30 black cardboard that serves as support. Then the examiner showed the
    card with the figure of a square and the patient took the red figures and
    Square shaped greens. Then, the examiner showed the card with
    the figure of a triangle and the patient took the red and green figures with
    triangle shape Finally, the examiner showed the card with the figure
    of a house and the patient took the house-shaped figures of red roof and
    House-shaped figures of green roof. Having this answer, you
    can conclude that the patient can see all the figures that are found
    on the support. This is indicative that the patient has no suppression.
    eye and use both eyes simultaneously.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Set of evaluation of simultaneous vision and ocular suppression for people with intellectual disability that includes: -at least one green equilateral triangle and a second triangle
    5 red equilateral, -at least one green square and a second red square, -at least one house formed by a red equilateral triangle superimposed on a
    green square whose side has the same length as the side of the triangle and
    a second house formed by a green equilateral triangle superimposed on a
    10 red square whose side has the same length as the side of the triangle, -a card with a white background and an equilateral triangle drawn in black, of thickness and density which is easily visible, -a card with a white background and a square drawn in black stroke, thick
     and density such that it is easily visible,
    15 -a card with a white background a house formed by an equilateral triangle superimposed on a square whose side has the same length as the side of the
    triangle in black stroke, of thickness and density such that it is easily
    visible,-a flat iron or black support.
    [2]
    2. Set according to claim 1 wherein between 3 and 9 triangles are included
    green, between 3 and 9 red triangles, between 3 and 9 green squares, between 3 and 9 red squares, between 3 and 9 houses with the green square and the red triangle and
    between 3 and 9 houses with the red square and the green triangle, whose sides are between 0.5 and 20 cm long.
    [3]
    3. Set according to claim 2 which includes 5 green triangles, 5 red triangles, 5 green squares, 5 red squares, 5 houses formed by a green triangle and a red square and 5 houses formed by a red triangle and
    30 a green square, whose sides are between 1 and 5 cm long.
    [4]
    4. Set according to previous claims in which the different elements are
    made of a rigid or semi-rigid material.
    [5]
    5. Set according to claim 4 wherein the material of the elemenlos distinctions
    5 is selected from: wood, metal, methacrylate, plywood, cork,
    cardboard, honeycomb cardboard, pressed cardboard, cardboard, felt, EVA rubber (or ethyl vinyl acetate), foam rubber (or polyurethane foam) and / or plastics.
    [6]
    6. Set according to claim 5 wherein the plastic is selected from:
    10 polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, low density polyethylene and / or
    polystyrene
    [7]
    7. Set according to any of the preceding claims wherein the plate
    ° black flat support has a size of 30 · 100 cm by 30 · 100 cm.
    [8]
    8. Set according to any of the preceding claims which also includes
    anaglyph glasses (green / red).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    RU160588U1|2016-03-27|SIMULATOR FOR RESTORATION OF VISUAL MEMORY IN PATIENTS OF A NEUROLOGICAL CLINIC
    ES2490641T3|2014-09-04|Glasses for the treatment of a defined condition
    Benson et al.1973|Development of sensitivity to static pictorial depth information
    Herman et al.1983|Cognitive mapping in blind people: Acquisition of spatial relationships in a large-scale environment
    ES2613100B2|2017-09-06|Set and method of evaluation of simultaneous vision and ocular suppression for people with intellectual disabilities
    ES2629452B2|2018-01-25|Kit and method of evaluation of simultaneous vision and ocular suppression for children and people with limited level of collaboration
    Hahn et al.2010|Monocular clues in seven stereotests
    Brito-Marques et al.2012|Visual reproduction test in normal elderly: Influence of schooling and visual task complexity
    US9039420B1|2015-05-26|Team-building educational training system
    Saunders et al.1996|The modified frisby stereotest
    AlSaqr et al.2017|A new measure for the assessment of visual awareness in individuals with tunnel vision
    Rath2021|The Role of Chromaticity in Postural Control
    Savitz et al.1964|Testability of preschool children for vision screening
    Turton2014|Description and measurement of visual scanning training in Occupational Therapy for patients with visual search deficits following stroke
    Pearlman1969|Stereoscopic vision testing: A review
    Hudak et al.2013|Phenomenal qualities and the development of perceptual integration
    Enzenauer et al.2014|Tests of Historical Interest in Functional Visual Loss
    Shiah et al.2005|Do human fingers" see"?-" Finger-reading" studies in the East and West
    Scheiman2012|Symptoms in Children with Convergence Insufficiency
    Avudainayagam et al.2014|Mass Screening of Vision in the Cinemas and a Maculascope for the Masses: Revival of Haidinger’s Brush
    Roper-Hall2013|Historical Vignette: Walter Brackett Lancaster |: Surgeon, Educator, and Promoter of Orthoptics
    LASKY1941|Simulated blindness
    RU2150968C1|2000-06-20|Device for performing psychophysiological correction of organism vital activity
    Kramer1960|Horror fusionis
    Greene1991|The use of a family Ropes course experience in conjunction with diabetes camp: Can the family and the adolescent benefit?
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2613100B2|2017-09-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2078532C1|1994-05-05|1997-05-10|Юстова Елизавета Николаевна|Set of tables for testing colored vision|
    CN201157349Y|2008-03-11|2008-12-03|肖卫|Simple sight test card|
    法律状态:
    2017-09-06| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2613100 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20170906 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201700271A|ES2613100B2|2017-03-27|2017-03-27|Set and method of evaluation of simultaneous vision and ocular suppression for people with intellectual disabilities|ES201700271A| ES2613100B2|2017-03-27|2017-03-27|Set and method of evaluation of simultaneous vision and ocular suppression for people with intellectual disabilities|
    [返回顶部]