• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Automatic rule (1) for measuring the alignment between consecutive lanes (2), of the type that are arranged by assembling the junction zone (3) between two lanes (2) to check if their deviations fall within the admissible tolerances comprising a structure (4) where they are mounted: - clamps (5) for fixing the rule (1) longitudinally on the joint (3) between the rails (2), mounted on the end areas of the rule (1) and driven by a mechanism, to ensure a perfect fixation and solid that avoid measurement errors by a defective placement, - a mobile measuring head (6) comprising first sensors (7) for measuring the reference dimensions on the rails (2), - first guides (8) for longitudinally movable support of the mobile head (6), and - means for moving the head (6) mobile along the first guides (8). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2606961A1
    申请号:ES201630712
    申请日:2016-05-31
    公开日:2017-03-28
    发明作者:José Luís MARTIN VIEJO；Fernando GALLEGO CALVO；Lucrecio FOCES MARTINEZ
    申请人:Redalsa S A；Redalsa SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to an automatic rule for measuring alignment between consecutive lanes. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    European regulations say that, in order to approve and accept a rail welding type R220, R260, R260Mn and 350HT, you have to pass some straightness checks. The deviation tolerance of which it must not exceed in the lateral vertical position between the heads of the active (inner) side of the welded joint between rails is between +0.1 and +0.3 mm. The tolerance of horizontal deviation between heads of the welded joint between rails is between 0 and +0.3 mm. In order to reach these tolerances when we have a deviation and it is not very high, it is necessary to grind the weld area in a subsequent process. Grinding must be done on a maximum of 400 mm on each side of the rail.
    At present, the measurement is carried out by means of rules based on laser meters that are arranged by mounting the junction zone between two lanes, to check if their deviations fall within the permissible tolerances. The measurement is made without contact, in two planes (active and horizontal side). By means of algorithms, they allow the evaluation of the undulation in elevation in length greater than the length of the body of the rule itself. It includes a graphic display and a membrane keyboard, allowing the operator to communicate with the microprocessor-based meter control unit.
    These rules have the following specifications: Measurement time: 25 s / 1 m


    Number of measuring points: 100 or 200/1 m
    These rules have the disadvantage of their low resolution, having a limited number of measurement points. On the other hand, the fixing to the rails whose linearity is intended to be measured is variable since it is the operator who decides how to place the ruler in the lane, so it can generate reading errors due to incorrect placement. They also come pre-calibrated, so slight decalibrations that may occur throughout the use cannot be detected or corrected. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The rule of the invention is designed for the measurement of straightness or correct alignment in the welded joint between rails by contactless transducers, based on the comparison of more than 2550 points with references incorporated in the rule itself, avoiding errors due to calibration. The high number of measurement points increases the resolution of the existing rules 25 times, and also implements means of fixing to the rails that ensure a correct measurement position, avoiding errors due to this cause. It is also capable of making measurements in three planes: the horizontal, the active side and also in the side plane opposite to the active one in only one measurement, while in the existing rules each plane must be measured separately (3 measurements).
    Additionally, due to the preferential use of inductive sensors, it is able to perform the measurement in less than 5 seconds in a semi-automatic way, by simply positioning the ruler above the welded joint and only by actuating it, the measurement is automatic . Due to the low time it takes in the measurement, it can be configured to repeat the measurement of each weld with the same position, and without depending on the operator, by understanding solid fastenings of the ruler in the lane, and in case of taking lane measurements Without being tied, the rails themselves are also fixed.
    It allows to store in a register the measurement data, improving traceability, and has an easy handling and placement in the area of measurement of the lane, by mechanical device.
    The calibration of the ruler is performed by a standard rail with known defects where


    the rule has to detect them exactly so that it then corrects based on thiscalibration of the measures taken, which are based on patterns incorporated in theown rule.
    The rule of the invention, therefore, is of the type that is arranged by mounting the junction zonebetween two lanes to check if their deviations fall within tolerancesadmissible, and according to the invention, comprises a structure where they aremounted:-a jaws for fixing the ruler longitudinally to the junction between the rails,mounted in the extreme areas of the ruler and operated by a mechanism, toensure a perfect and solid fixation that avoids measurement errors by placementdefective, this includes centers, guides and sensors that indicate that the rule issuperimposed and fixed on the rail.
    -a mobile measuring head comprising first measuring sensors of thereference dimensions,-a first longitudinal movable lift guides of the moving head, and-a means of movement of the moving head along the first guides.
    The placement of the sensors in a moving head allows to increase the number of pointsof measurement, to be able to move the head along the junction between rails, in addition tohigh speeds, which allow repeating the measurement in the same socket to detectmistakes.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the rule of the invention.
    Figure 2.- Shows an elevation view of the rule of the invention.
    Figure 3.- Shows a side view of the rule of the invention.
    PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION


    The automatic rule (1) for measuring the alignment between consecutive rails (2) of the invention is mainly used for quality control of welded joints between rails and is of the type that is arranged by mounting the joint area (3) welded between two rails (2) to check if their deviations fall within the permissible tolerances and which, according to the invention, comprises a structure (4) where they are mounted: --a jaws (5) for fixing the ruler (1) ) longitudinally on the joint (3) between the rails (2), mounted in the extreme areas of the ruler (1) and operated by means of a mechanism, to ensure a perfect and solid fixation that avoids measurement errors due to a defective placement. -a mobile measuring head (6) comprising first sensors (7) (see fig 2) for measuring the reference dimensions on the rails (2), -a first guides (8) of longitudinal movable lifting support of the moving head (6), and -a means of movement of the moving head (6) along the first guides (8).
    The first measurement sensors (7) preferably comprise capacitive, non-contact sensors, which ensure high accuracy and reading speed. Ideally it comprises first sensors (7) for measuring at least the lateral deviation on the active or inner side of the rail, the lateral deviation on the non-active side and the deviation from the horizontal, or upper coplanarity. The provision of patterns (9a, 9b) of the reference dimensions arranged in the structure (4) and / or in the jaws (5), which will be read simultaneously to the measurement of the rails (2) by means of some second sensors (10), making a comparison of the pattern reading and the measurement of the rails (2) by means of a comparator - not shown, and which is located in a control unit, not represented - of the measurement made by each second sensor (10) in each reference pattern (9a, 9b) and the measurement made by each corresponding first sensor (7) (of the same dimension) on the rails (2), detecting errors with fidelity and speed.
    On the other hand, the structure (4) comprises a rotating top hitch (12) for a member of the ruler (1), not shown, which allows its manipulation and placement on the joint (3) between rails (2) to be measured .
    The structure (4) is mounted on the upper hitch (12) through at leasta first vertical cylinder (14) (two first double-acting cylinders (14) preferably,


    to regulate the placement in ascending and descending direction) and of some second guides
    (15) vertical to facilitate its descent and placement on the junction of the rails (2).
    The jaws (5) comprise in this non-limiting example of the invention, facing side sectors (5a, 5b), mounted on the structure (4) through parallel longitudinal pivoting joints (18) (see fig. 3); both sectors (5a, 5b) of each jaw (5) comprising at least one of its sides (on the two specifically) eccentric extensions (19) with respect to the pivoting joints (18), which are related by second cylinders (10a) that regulate their relative distance for opening and closing the jaw (5). In this particular case there are two jaws (5), arranged at both ends of the structure (4).
    In addition, the structure (4) ideally comprises centers (16) to perfectly position the ruler (1) on the joint (3) before closing the jaw (5). These centers (16) are arranged behind the sectors (5a, 5b) of the jaws (5), and the latter moved by the pneumatic cylinders (10a), and are used to lower the center-centered rule (1) to the rails (2). The jaws (5) comprise fixing rollers (100) of the rail (2) (see fig. 3) giving the assembly greater rigidity when proceeding with the measurement. They also have third sensors (101) (also capacitive) that indicate that the rule (1) is superimposed on the rails (2) and marks that we can close the jaws (5). When closing there are some fourth sensors (102) in the second cylinders (10a) that indicate that the jaws are closed so you can start with the measurement.
    As for the patterns (9a, 9b), they comprise first patterns (9a) of the reference dimensions of the lateral deviation on both sides, which are mounted between the corresponding sectors (5a, 5b) of each of the jaws (5), and a second pattern (9b) of horizontal deviation that is mounted on the structure (4). These patterns (9a, 9b) are but perfectly straight bars, which serve as reference by comparison during measurement.
    And as for the moving means of the moving head (6), they comprise a cylinder without a rod (30). In addition, the head (6) has a path of at least 80 cm to measure at least 40 cm in each of the rails (2). Said rodless pneumatic cylinder works


    by magnetic drag. By introducing air into the stem, it produces movementof the inner magnet, not shown, which in turn drags the outer magnets, notrepresented by the head (6).
    The procedure for using rule (1) would be:-Fix the rails (2) on a positioning table that ties the lane to fix it andplace it as straight as possible and thus make a good measurement of the welding performed,not represented, in the case that we are working in the plant and not on the road where the lanes
    (2) are already placed. -Set the ruler (2) above the center of the weld, and press the corresponding button, not shown. At that time the first double-acting cylinders (14), located in the upper hitch (12) lower the structure (4) and position themselves above the joint (3) between the rails (2), with the cooperation of the centers (16). -Once on top of the joint (3) between the rails (2), the second side cylinders (10a) open to close the jaw (5) that hugs and fixes the joint (3) of the rails (2). -And once in measuring position, the cylinder without rod (30) moves the moving measuring head (6) to take the 2550 measuring points. -Finally, the second lateral cylinders (10a) release the connection (3) between the rails (2) and the first cylinders (14) raise the structure (4) to the initial position. The measurement is made by means of six inductive analog sensors (7, 10), placed in the measuring head (6). These sensors (7, 10) work in pairs and perform measurement by comparison. Each pair of sensors divide the work, one of them (10) measures the corresponding pattern (9a, 9b), and the other (10) the lane area (2).
    The analog measurement of the points is sent to the card of a computer or mobile terminal, not represented that converts this information into digital and represents it in three graphs (head, left side and right side). The program already tells us if the measurements are valid or otherwise they are not within tolerance.
    Describing sufficiently the nature of the invention, it is indicated that the description thereof and its preferred embodiment should be construed in a non-limiting manner, and that it encompasses all of the possible embodiments that are deduced from the content of the present specification. and of the claims.

    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1.-Automatic rule (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive lanes (2), of the type that are arranged by mounting the junction zone (3) between two lanes (2) to check if their deviations fall within the permissible tolerances characterized in that it comprises a structure (4) where they are mounted: --a jaws (5) for fixing the ruler (1) longitudinally on the joint (3) between the rails (2), mounted on the extreme areas of the ruler (1) and operated by means of a mechanism, to ensure a perfect and solid fixation that avoids measurement errors due to a defective placement, - a mobile measuring head (6) comprising first sensors (7) for measuring the reference dimensions on the rails (2), -a first guides (8) of longitudinal movable support of the moving head (6), and -a means of movement of the moving head (6) along the first guides (8).
    [2]
    2. Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to claim 1 characterized in that the first measuring sensors (7) comprise capacitive sensors.
    [3]
    3. Automatic rule (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive lanes (2) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises first sensors (7) measuring at least the lateral deviation on the active side, the deviation lateral on the non-active side and horizontal deviation.
    [4]
    4.-Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises patterns (9a, 9b) of the reference dimensions arranged in the structure (4) and / or in the jaws (5), and comprises a second measurement sensors (10) of each pattern (9a, 9b) and a comparator of the measurement made by each second sensor (10) in each pattern (9a, 9b) and of the measurement made by each corresponding first sensor (7) on the rails (2).
    [5]
    5.-Automatic rule (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the structure (4)

    It comprises a top hitch (12) rotating.
    [6]
    6. Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to claim 5 characterized in that the structure (4) is mounted on the upper hitch (12) through at least one first cylinder ( 14) vertical and second vertical guides (15).
    [7]
    7. Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the jaws (5) comprise facing sectors (5a, 5b), mounted on the structure (4) a through parallel longitudinal pivoting joints (18); both sectors (5a, 5b) of each jaw (5) comprising at least one of its sides eccentric extensions (19) with respect to the pivoting joints (18), which are related by second cylinders (10a) that regulate their relative distance for opening and closing the jaw (5).
    [8]
    8. Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises two jaws (5), which are arranged at both ends of the structure (4).
    [9]
    9. Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises centers (16).
    [10]
    10. Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the centers (16) are located behind sectors 5a and 5b of the jaws (5), and the latter moved by the pneumatic cylinders (10a); said jaws (5) comprising fixing rollers (100) and third position sensors (101).
    [11]
    11.-Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to any of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a fourth sensor (102) arranged in the second cylinders (10a) to detect the closure of the jaws (5).

    [12]
    12. Automatic rule (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to any of claims 7 to 11 characterized in that it comprises first patterns (9a) of the reference dimensions of the lateral deviation by both
    5 sides, which are mounted between the corresponding sectors (5a, 5b) of each of the jaws (5), and a second horizontal deviation pattern (9b) that is mounted on the structure (4).
    [13]
    13.-Automatic rule (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive lanes (2)
    10 according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that movement means of the moving head comprise a rodless cylinder (30).
    [14]
    14.-Automatic ruler (1) for measuring alignment between consecutive rails (2) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the spindle (6)
    15 has a path of at least 80 cm to measure at least 40 cm in each of the rails (2).

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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2606961B1|2017-10-03|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201630712A|ES2606961B1|2016-05-31|2016-05-31|AUTOMATIC RULE FOR MEASUREMENT OF ALIGNMENT BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE LANES|ES201630712A| ES2606961B1|2016-05-31|2016-05-31|AUTOMATIC RULE FOR MEASUREMENT OF ALIGNMENT BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE LANES|
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