专利摘要:
Guidance device for mounting towers and/or foundations for wind turbines intended to allow and/or facilitate relative movement between a mobile element and a support element, at least one of said elements being a section and/or part of the shaft of a wind tower or foundation, comprising sliding means that are in contact with the movable element and allow the relative movement thereof with respect to the guiding device, fixing means connecting the guiding device to the support element and geometric adaptation means, interposed between the sliding means and the fixing means, which allow the transmission of load between both while allowing also a relative displacement between both. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2606786A1
申请号:ES201531355
申请日:2015-09-23
公开日:2017-03-27
发明作者:José Salustiano SERNA GARCIA-CONDE
申请人:Esteyco SAP;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

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Guidance device for mounting wind towers SECTOR DE LA TECNICA
The present invention relates to a guiding device for the assembly of towers and / or foundations for wind turbines, essentially for the lifting and / or anchoring of wind towers, for example of concrete telescopic towers, both onshore and offshore.
Therefore, the main application sector of the present invention is the construction industry, especially in tower assembly, in combination with the renewable or green energy industry, specifically wind energy.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In order to perform the relative movement between two structures, or elements of a structure, adjacent and / or concentric, the use of guiding devices is widely known.
Also known are various means and / or systems for assembling structures, more specifically Zado means of adjacent and / or concentric structures, either in the field of general structures, for example in general structures of great height, as in the field more concrete of wind energy, especially in the field of wind towers.
For example, document FR 2587399 describes a self-elevating tower comprising guiding means comprising two plates arranged inside the bar network and forming a V inside the different tower sections, which incorporate in one of its faces a plastic anti-friction slip.
Similarly, RU 2189935 C2 describes a telescopic mast for a crane that incorporates guide skates to facilitate lifting of said mast.
On the other hand, EP 0201645 A2 or FR 2476727 A2 documents describe antennas
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telescopic and self-elevating towers, respectively, that with guiding means consisting of wheels incorporated in one of the sections to move.
However, as can be seen, none of the lifting systems describe a guiding device such as the one described in the present invention, which solves important problems existing in the field of current technique by being able to withstand very high loads at the time which has a high capacity to adapt to geometric deviations or imperfections in the elements to be guided and which implies great advantages with respect to those described above.
EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention aims to provide a guidance device for tower assembly and / or foundation for wind turbines, which can be onshore and / or offshore, and especially for telescopic wind towers, so that the assembly process is facilitated and optimized of these structures. For the purposes of the present invention, it is understood that the shaft of a wind tower can be considered as part of its foundation.
It is also the objective of the present invention to provide a guiding device that allows relative sliding between a mobile element of the wind tower and a support element, which can comprise, for example and without limiting the present invention, two sections of the shaft of the wind tower and / or a section of it and an auxiliary structure that allows said sliding while adapting its geometry according to the geometric or other imperfections that may exist in said section, especially if It is a concrete section, where the tolerances and deviations are greater than in metal sections.
The guiding device according to the present invention is more efficient than those described above, as it has particular characteristics that allow new advantages to be raised and / or anchored in a wind tower, such as the ability to withstand large loads at the same time. It provides a great capacity for geometric adaptation.
For this, the present invention proposes a guiding device for towers and / or
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foundations for wind turbines intended to allow a sliding and / or relative movement between a mobile element and a support element, and comprising:
a) Sliding means that are in contact with the mobile element and allow its relative movement with respect to the guiding device.
b) Fixing means that connect the guiding device with the support element.
c) Geometric adaptation means, interspersed between the sliding means and the fixing means, which allow the transmission of load between the two while also allowing a relative displacement between them.
The guiding device according to the present invention may further comprise:
d) Reaction or buffer means and / or
e) Geometric or prestressed presetting means and / or
f) Means to assist the sliding of the element or structure.
The sliding means of the guiding device according to the present invention may comprise a surface and / or a bearing system in contact with a section of the wind tower, preferably the mobile element, intended to reduce friction with the sliding element.
Likewise, the geometric adaptation means described in the guiding device according to the present invention can be formed by one or several geometric adaptation elements preferably of neoprene, zipped or not, or of a similar elastomeric material, rubber type, with suitable deformity characteristics known in the art.
Likewise, the means of geometric adaptation of the guiding device according
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with the present invention they can comprise one or more preferably elastic elements in the form of parts or springs, and / or one or several hydraulic and / or pneumatic elements that may allow active control of the force and / or deformation of the guiding device and, consequently, capable of regulating the distance between the sliding means and the fixing means.
Without meaning a limitation on the scope of the present invention, the reaction means or stop of the guiding device according to the present invention can be based on elements in the form of recesses and / or independent elements, in another plant position, or in the geometry of the elements, which in any case only come into action from a certain level of deformation of the guiding device, in such a way that both the elements in the form of recesses and the independent elements, allow the transmission of direct load between the sliding means and the fixing means.
These reaction or stop means can transmit the loads in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of contact of the guiding device with the mobile element and / or the forces parallel to the plane of the sliding surface only from a certain level of deformation of the means. of geometric adaptation and / or certain relative displacement between the fixing means and the sliding means, for example with interlocking holes between the fixing means and the sliding means.
Preferably, the geometric adaptation means are disposed within piston-like recesses.
On the other hand, the means of presetting geometry or prestressing can be defined, for example, by one or several clamping screws that allow to precompress the means of geometric adaptation initially, or by any other means known in the art that allows generating a certain deformation in the means of geometric adaptation in the absence of other loads acting on them, as well as generating a force on the mobile element in a direction essentially perpendicular to the contact surface. These geometric presetting means can be used, for example, to generate a certain initial contact force between the sliding means and the mobile element, or to cancel or reduce said force in the face of the
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Guidance device recovery.
Similarly, the fixing and / or anchoring means comprise at least one metal element, preferably, at least one screw, anchored to the support element. In a particular case, and without involving a limitation of the invention, the guiding device described in the present invention may also comprise fixing and / or anchoring means that take advantage of the existing boxes for the bars and / or prestressing cables.
Likewise, without supposing a limitation of the invention, the guiding device according to the present invention can be integrated in a kit and / or assembly that also includes lifting means of the tower.
The guiding device object of the present invention may comprise means for assisting the sliding of the elements or structures, either by means of grease or other fluids that reduce friction between elements. Interleaved sheets of low friction materials such as teflon or other methods known in the art can also be used.
Finally, the guiding device described in the present invention can be totally or partially recoverable and reusable for more than one phase of the wind tower assembly procedure and / or for the assembly of more than one wind tower, which can be this modular, so that some or other means can be disassembled and / or replaced.
The guiding device according to the present invention allows a relative movement between a support element and a mobile element, regardless of the absolute movements of said elements, being one mobile and one fixed, or both mobile.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The foregoing and other features and advantages will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of some examples of embodiment with reference to the attached drawings, which should be considered by way of illustration and not limitation in which:
- Fig. 1 a) and illustrates an elevation view of the situation of the devices of
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guided in the lifting of a telescopic tower.
- Fig. 1 b) shows a plan view of the situation of the guiding devices in the lifting of a telescopic tower.
- Fig. 2 represents several phases of anchoring an offshore tower together with the situation of the guidance devices at each moment.
- Fig 3 illustrates a basic guiding device according to the invention.
- Fig. 4 a) shows a guiding device according to the invention comprising independent reaction or stop elements.
- Fig. 4 b) represents a guiding device according to the invention in the situation in which the reaction or stop means come into action.
- Fig. 5 shows a guiding device according to the invention comprising means of reaction or stop in the form of holes.
- Fig. 6 a) represents a guiding device according to the present invention comprising several elements of geometric adaptation.
- Fig. 6 b) represents a guiding device according to the present invention comprising several elements of geometric adaptation and in the situation in which the reaction or stop means come into action.
- Fig. 7 illustrates a guiding device according to the present invention with a variant with respect to the means of geometric adaptation.
- Fig. 8 shows a guiding device according to the present invention with a variant with respect to the sliding means.
- Fig. 9 illustrates a guiding device according to the present invention comprising alternative means of geometric adjustment.
- Fig. 10 a) represents a guiding device according to the present invention comprising geometric prestressing means or prestressing in initial situation.
- Fig. 10 b) illustrates a guiding device according to the present invention prestressed by means of geometric or prestressed presetting means.
- Fig. 10 c) shows a guiding device according to the present invention comprising means of presetting geometry or prestressing during the movement of the elements.
- Fig. 11 represents a guiding device according to the present invention comprising geometric or prestressing means capable of exerting a force on the mobile element.
- Fig. 12 illustrates a guiding device according to the present invention comprising alternative means of fixing and / or anchoring to the support element.
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- Fig. 13 represents a guiding device according to the present invention where the support element has a recess for housing said device.
- Fig. 14 illustrates a guiding device according to the present invention that is integrated in a kit and / or assembly that includes lifting means of the tower.
- Fig. 15 represents a guiding device according to the present invention with a teflon sheet in endless chain configuration.
- Fig. 16 shows a graph of the behavior of the guiding device as a function of the applied force.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 a) illustrates an elevation view of the situation of the guiding devices (1.1 ’) during the assembly of a wind tower (100), in this case offshore.
In this case, by way of example, the lifting of a wind tower (100) is shown, and specifically, the side of a telescopic tower (101), composed of different sections (110).
Preferably, the guiding devices (1) are arranged in the two elements or structures (110 ', 110' ') that are involved in the movement, but can also be located only in one of said elements or structures (110', 110 '').
Furthermore, in this embodiment, in the case of the guiding devices (1) the telescopic tower section (110 ') acts as a mobile element (200) and the section (110' ') acts as a support element (300), while in the guiding devices (1 ') the section (110') acts as a support element (200) and the section (110 '') acts as a mobile element (300).
Preferably, the guiding devices (1,1 ') are arranged at the top and / or bottom of the elements or structures (110', 110 ''), but can also be arranged on the side faces of the elements or structures (110 ', 110' '), staying in their midst.
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In this case, by way of example, the lifting of a wind tower (100) is shown, and specifically, the lifting of a telescopic tower (101).
Preferably there are three or more devices (1, 1 ’) for lifting and / or anchoring a wind tower (100). In this embodiment, six devices (1) are arranged on the ground floor for lifting different sections (110) of the tower.
Fig. 2 represents several phases of anchoring an offshore tower (102). In this embodiment, the guiding devices (1) are placed in a structure of buoyancy and / or auxiliary stability (400) so that the tower (102) can slide inside during anchoring. In this particular case, the tower (102) acts as a mobile element (200), while the structure (400) acts as a support element (300).
Fig. 3 illustrates a guiding device (1) according to the present invention comprising sliding means (2), geometric adaptation means (3) and fixing means (4).
In this embodiment, the guiding device (1) is anchored to the upper part of the support element (300), while in contact with the mobile element (200) by means of sliding means (2).
By way of example, and without implying a limitation of the invention, the sliding means (2) comprise a surface or "pad" with a reduced coefficient of friction (5) and the geometric adaptation means (3) are formed for a piece of neoprene (6).
The guiding device (1) is anchored to the support element (300) by means of fixing means (4) which, in this case, and without supposing a limitation of the invention, comprise screws (7) fixed to bushings (8) embedded in own support element (300).
Likewise, the guiding device (1) according to the present invention may comprise sliding assistance means (50) that may consist of greases or other fluids that facilitate the sliding between the mobile element (200) and the means
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of sliding (2), by reducing the friction between them. Interleaved sheets of low friction materials such as teflon or other methods known in the art can also be used, placed, for example, in endless chain configuration.
Fig. 4 a) and b) show another preferred embodiment of the guiding device (1) according to the invention which also comprises reaction or stop means (9).
In this embodiment, the reaction or stop means (9) are formed by external elements (10), preferably contact plates, which transmit the load perpendicular to the contact plane between the sliding means and the mobile element.
In Figure 4 b) it can be seen that through this system a certain deformation of the geometric adaptation means (3) is allowed, starting from a thickness S1 and reducing to S2, so that a direct contact between the external elements occurs (10) and the mobile element (200), forming a direct contact (11) between rigid and high capacity elements.
Figure 5 shows another preferred embodiment of the guiding device (1) according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, the reaction or stop means (9) comprise a first recess (12) connected to the fixing means and within which the geometric adaptation means (3) are arranged.
The reaction or stop means (9) also comprise a second recess (13) connected to the sliding means. Said second recess (13) fits the first recess (12) so that the relative movement between the sliding means and the fixing means in the direction perpendicular to the sliding surface is allowed, but instead prevents it if it is parallel to the sliding surface.
This allows the movement of the geometric adaptation means (3) in the direction (A), while the movement in the direction (B) is prevented.
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present invention, where the means of geometric adaptation (3) are formed by several elements of geometric adaptation (3 ’). In this case, and without meaning a limitation of the invention, the geometric adaptation means (3) consist of four neoprene dice (6), installed inside different drawers (13) that act as reaction or stop means. (9).
In the same way as in figure 4 b), in figure 6 b) a certain deformation of the geometric adaptation means (3) is observed, until there is direct contact between the drawer (12) and the means of sliding (2), forming a direct contact (11) between rigid and high capacity elements.
Fig. 7 illustrates a guiding device (1) according to the present invention comprising geometric adaptation means (3) formed by a spring-type thrust element (6 ’). Similarly, these geometric adaptation means (3) can comprise hydraulic or pneumatic active thrust elements.
On the other hand, Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of a guiding device (1) according to the present invention. In this case, the sliding means (2) are formed by a bearing system (5 ’), preferably formed by a large number of axles to distribute the load to a large extent.
Fig. 9 illustrates another embodiment of a guiding device (1) according to the present invention. In this case, the geometric adaptation means (3) comprise a hydraulic element (3 ’) that allows to regulate the distance between the sliding means (2) and the fixing means (4).
Figures 10 a), b) and c) represent a guiding device (1) according to the present invention which also comprises means of geometric or prestressing presetting (14). These means comprise elements capable of generating a certain level of deformation on the means of geometric adaptation in the absence of external load.
Figure 10 a) shows the initial situation of the assembly procedure, with the guidance device unadjusted and before coming into contact with the mobile element.
In this embodiment, by way of example and without implying a limitation of the
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Invention, the geometric presetting means (14) are formed by a clamping screw (15), welded to the sliding means (2). These geometric or prestressed presetting means (14) allow to apply a deformation or initial load on the device (1), as shown in figure 10 b), so that the thrust in the contact between the device can then be adjusted ( 1) and the mobile element (200), as seen in Figure 10 c), by adjusting or removing the nut of said clamping screw (15).
These geometric presetting means can also be used to separate the sliding means (2) and the mobile element (200) in order to remove the device (1).
Fig. 11 represents another preferred embodiment of guiding device (1) according to the present invention where the presetting means (14) comprise clamping screws (15) welded to the sliding means (2) which, in addition to comprising a nut (15 ') that allows applying a deformation or initial load on the device (1), comprises a nut (15' '), so that the presetting means can also generate a force on the mobile element in a direction essentially perpendicular to The contact surface.
Furthermore, in this embodiment the guiding device (1) comprises a space (20) intended to house a hydraulic element, preferably a hydraulic jack, capable of generating a force on the mobile element in a direction essentially perpendicular to the contact surface.
Fig. 12 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the guiding device (1) according to the present invention in which the fixing means (4) comprise screws (7) fixed to bushings (8) embedded in the support element (300) ) and / or a fixing system (7 ') adapted to the boxes (16) existing in the support element (300).
Likewise, these fixing means (4) can also comprise collisions (17) to adapt the position of the guiding device (1).
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the present invention where the support element (300) has a recess to house the device, to improve the load transmission between the device and the support element.
In this case, Fig. 13 b) shows a guiding device (1) according to the present invention where the fixing means (4) comprise a double plate (18) in a cradle to facilitate the removal of the guiding device (1) .
Fig. 14 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the guiding device (1) according to the present invention in which said guiding device can be integrated in a kit and / or assembly that also includes means for lifting the tower, for example cats and cables (19). It can be seen in this embodiment that the inner section (110 ') acts as a mobile element (200) in the upper guiding device (1) and as a support element (300) in the lower guiding device (1'), while that the outer section (110 '') acts as a support element (300) in the upper guide device (1) and as a support element (300) in the lower guide device (1 ').
Fig. 15 represents another preferred embodiment of the guiding device (1) according to the present invention, in which, by way of example and without meaning a limitation of the invention, means for assisting the slide (50) are provided which, in this case they comprise a teflon sheet (51) in endless chain configuration.
Fig. 16 shows a graph of the behavior of the guiding device according to the present invention. In it you can see a high capacity of geometric adjustment at low load, until you reach the contact of the reaction means or stop (9). From this point the element has a very high load capacity at low deformation.
Although the figures and explanations above refer especially to the assembly of wind towers, the guiding device according to the present invention can also be used for the assembly of the foundation or other elements of a wind turbine substructure, preferably those comprising shafts or walls vertical
权利要求:
Claims (15)
[1]
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1. Guidance device for mounting towers and / or foundations for wind turbines intended to allow and / or facilitate relative movement between a mobile element and a support element, at least one of said elements being a section and / or shaft piece of a wind tower or foundation, characterized in that it comprises:
- sliding means that are in contact with the mobile element and allow its relative movement with respect to the guiding device.
- fixing means that connect the guiding device to the support element.
- geometric adaptation means, interspersed between the sliding means and the fixing means, which allow the transmission of load between the two while also allowing a relative displacement between them.
[2]
2. Guiding device according to claim (1) characterized in that the geometric adaptation means are disposed within piston-like holes that only allow relative movement between the sliding means and the fixing means in the direction essentially perpendicular to the plane of contact between the guiding device and the mobile element.
[3]
3. Guidance device according to any of the preceding claims
characterized in that the sliding means comprise a low friction surface in contact with the mobile element and / or a bearing system in contact with the mobile element.
[4]
4. Guidance device according to any of the preceding claims
characterized in that the geometric adaptation means comprise a deformable and essentially elastic element in the form of a piece or spring.
[5]
5. Guidance device according to any of the preceding claims
characterized in that the geometric adaptation means comprise a hydraulic or pneumatic element that allows to regulate the distance between the means of
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sliding and fixing means.
[6]
6. Guiding device according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the fixing means comprise a metal element anchored to the support element.
[7]
7. Guidance device according to any of the preceding claims
characterized in that it also comprises at least one reaction means or stop as a recess and / or contact plates that allows the direct transmission of load between the sliding means and the fixing means.
[8]
8. Guidance device according to claim (7) characterized in that said stop element allows load transmission in a direction substantially perpendicular to the contact plane of the guiding device with the mobile element only from a certain level of deformation of the means of geometric adaptation and / or some relative displacement between the fixing means and the sliding means.
[9]
9. Guidance device according to any of the preceding claims
characterized in that it comprises means for presetting the geometry of the means of geometric adaptation capable of generating a certain level of deformation on the means of geometric adaptation in the absence of external load.
[10]
10. - Guiding device according to claim (9) characterized in that the presetting means can also generate a force on the mobile element in a direction essentially perpendicular to the contact surface.
[11]
11. - Guiding device according to any of the preceding claims
characterized in that it comprises a space intended to house a hydraulic element capable of generating a force on the mobile element in a direction essentially perpendicular to the contact surface.
[12]
12. Guidance device according to any of the preceding claims
characterized in that it is totally or partially recoverable and / or reusable for more than one phase of the wind tower assembly procedure and / or for the assembly of more than
A wind tower.
[13]
13. Kit for wind towers comprising a guiding device according to any of the preceding claims and at least one means for lifting wind towers.
5
[14]
14. Assembly procedure of a wind tower and / or a wind tower foundation characterized in that it comprises the steps:
a) hoisting a tower section assisted by a guiding device according to any one of the preceding claims and / or
b) anchoring or sinking of a foundation and / or tower assisted by a guiding device according to any of the preceding claims.
15 15.- Wind tower or foundation with an assembly procedure according to the
claim (14).
[16]
16.- Wind turbine supported on a wind tower or foundation according to claim (15).
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法律状态:
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
ES201531355A|ES2606786B1|2015-09-23|2015-09-23|GUIDE DEVICE FOR WINDOW TOWER ASSEMBLY|ES201531355A| ES2606786B1|2015-09-23|2015-09-23|GUIDE DEVICE FOR WINDOW TOWER ASSEMBLY|
PT168481901T| PT3354894T|2015-09-23|2016-09-20|Guiding device for assembling wind turbine towers|
CN201680066380.6A| CN108350859B|2015-09-23|2016-09-20|Guiding device for assembling a wind turbine tower|
PL16848190T| PL3354894T3|2015-09-23|2016-09-20|Guiding device for assembling wind turbine towers|
US15/762,977| US10669736B2|2015-09-23|2016-09-20|Guiding device for assembling wind turbine towers|
PCT/ES2016/070653| WO2017051048A1|2015-09-23|2016-09-20|Guiding device for assembling wind turbine towers|
EP16848190.1A| EP3354894B1|2015-09-23|2016-09-20|Guiding device for assembling wind turbine towers|
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