• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Portable heat exchanger for the test of extractable tubes (22) of different materials, comprising: - a hollow part (11, 21, 31) open at both ends; - at least two tubes (22) located inside the hollow part (11, 21, 31): at least one test tube (22a) and at least one control tube (22b); - at least one input jack (13, 23, 33): - at least one outlet (14, 24, 34); - a plate (16, 26, 36) comprising as many openings as tubes (22) comprises the heat exchanger, located at each end of the hollow part (11, 21, 31), and which is attached to the end of the hollow part (11, 21, 31) by a plurality of fastening elements (17, 27, 37); - an elastic joint joined to each plate (16, 26, 36) on its side in contact with the hollow part (11, 21, 31) by means of a plurality of fastening elements; - the double of pressure fittings (18, 38) that tubes (22) comprise the heat exchanger, such that each pressure fitting (18, 38) is attached to one of the openings of the plates (16, 26, 36), and such that each end end of each tube (22) is attached to a different pressure fitting (18, 38). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2598122A1
    申请号:ES201600940
    申请日:2016-11-03
    公开日:2017-01-25
    发明作者:Alfredo TRUEBA RUIZ；Sergio Garcia Gomez；Luis M. VEGA ANTOLÍN；Ernesto MADARIAGA DOMÍNGUEZ
    申请人:Universidad de Cantabria；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    image 1
    Portable heat exchanger for testing removable tubes of different materials. Field of the Invention
    The present invention pertains to the field of design and manufacture of heat exchangers, and more specifically, that of portable heat exchangers for testing removable tubes of different materials. Background of the invention
    A heat exchanger is a device whose inside circulates at least two fluids confined in different physical media, and that allow the transfer of temperature from one fluid to the other fluid. The main reasons why these devices are used are:
    -Heating a cold fluid through a fluid with a higher temperature.
    -Reduce the temperature of a fluid by means of a fluid with a lower temperature.
    - Bring the fluid to the boiling point by means of a fluid with a higher temperature.
    -Condensing a fluid in a gaseous state by means of a cold fluid.
    -Keep the temperature of a fluid stable to perform an industrial process.
    Since, in 1934. John C. Raisley, described the first heat exchanger in patent US2046968A, all the productive sectors of society have benefited from the benefits and features that incorporate these thermal transfer devices. Heat exchangers are frequently used in the three productive sectors. In this way, they have application in a) the primary sector (basic production): agribusiness, livestock, aquaculture and mining industry: b) the secondary sector: industrial field (chemical industry. Paper industry. Electric power production. Etc.) and field of construction when there is circulation of liquids, such as the naval sector (military navy, merchant navy, fishing and marina); and c) tertiary sector (services): trade and services provided to people, such as the pharmaceutical, health, food, etc. fields.
    One of the main disadvantages of heat exchangers, is that as a result of heat exchange, an accumulation of unwanted organic and inorganic matter occurs between the surfaces that are subject to heat exchange. This accumulation produces fouling that directly affects the heat transfer processes, generating an increase in production costs and maintenance costs due to cleaning and disposal processes. This fouling generates physical and chemical problems on the heat exchange surfaces, which undergo oxidation and degradation processes in their materials due to fouling and the anti-fouling methods used to mitigate it. This increase in costs has a negative impact on industries that use heat exchangers in industrial processes.
    image2
    The heat exchangers existing in the state of the art comprise physical means, such as tubes of the material to be tested, through which the fluid subject to heat transfer circulates. These tubes are welded to the exchanger itself, preventing the versatility of the device for testing other materials and the visual control of fouling produced.
    Among the main problems caused by fouling in heat exchangers. they find each other:
    a) Reduction of the efficiency of heat transfer in the elements that perform heat exchange, because fouling has a lower heat transfer coefficient than the medium used. This problem affects both heat rejection and fluid heating during the process;
    b) Reduction of the diameter of the conductive elements of the fluids (pipes) that produces an increase in the loss of load and causes an increase in energy consumption (increasing the CO2 generation of the installation where the system is located) forcing work above the operating parameters of the pumping groups to maintain the same hydraulic conditions in the heat exchangers; Y
    c) Production losses due to plant shutdowns for corrective maintenance for fouling of the exchangers.
    It is important to be able to carry out previous tests to be able to optimize in the installation phase the behavior that the temperature exchange tubes (materials, qualities and finishes) of the heat exchangers will have in order to achieve a greater performance in the installation (efficiency and operability) of the equipment), increasing the stages of operation and decreasing the work and maintenance stages of the equipment and facilities. In addition, it is necessary to apply appropriate anti-fouling treatments to each need, to each design and to have special consideration in the appropriate choice of materials, qualities and performance to be applied for each application sector.
    Usually. Heat exchanger designers compensate for high fouling factors by increasing the surface area of the heat exchanger and that of the elements that make up the installation. This generates an increase in manufacturing costs due to the use of more materials. and that at the same time generates an increase in the costs of maintenance of the elements of the equipment and of the installation where these thermal devices are implanted.
    The designers of heat exchangers do not know precisely the physical fouling that occurs in each installation and the impact it will generate on the materials of the tubes in the thermal equipment, because it depends on the physical chemical characteristics of the cooling fluid, the qualities and finishes of exchange surfaces. For this reason, currently for the design and operation of heat exchangers in which the transfer and / or thermal contribution depend on another fluid, it is considered a fouling coefficient that affects the efficiency of the exchanger. This fouling coefficient can be obtained from recommendations such as "'SUBJECT: Standards of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association. 9th Edition. 2007", where the heat exchanger is designed thanks to generic tables. However, these tables are not limited to each tube, each fluid and / or each installation, which translates into an economic loss for the manufacturer and for the customer.
    image3
    As commented above. One of the main disadvantages of heat exchangers is the accumulation of unwanted organic and inorganic matter between the surfaces that are subject to thermal exchange, resulting in the undesirable phenomenon of fouling, and therefore a decrease in efficiency energetic The current heat exchangers, do not allow the extraction of the surfaces that are the object of the thermal exchange which makes it difficult to control and mitigate it, in addition the existing exchangers do not allow to measure their fouling in operation. For this reason, various mitigation methods and devices have been developed over the past 30 years, both online and offline. of a physical, chemical or biological nature. Most of these methods are well contrasted and applied in the regular operation of the facilities. although some methodological approaches are in the research and development phase. However, the application of most of these methods requires periodic interruption of production, in order to proceed with cleaning the fouling caused by fouling, seriously damaging the performance and operation of the installation.
    The documents US5992505A and JP4132965B2 describe devices for measuring the fouling inside the tubes of a simulated heat exchanger and the loss of efficiency in the heat transfer process. This equipment is not designed for the study of fouling in the different materials of the tubes and only serves to track the fouling and loss of efficiency in a facility built in which the equipment is implemented.
    The document MX2015007272 (A), shows a method and apparatus for calculating the dirt factor and / or thickness of inverse soluble inlays in heat transfer equipment in a static way, without the possibility of testing different materials or exchanging the thermal transfer tubes . For the test method. It incorporates a test cell and the test cannot be carried out continuously and also in situ for the realization of tests or trials in the processes as it is not easily transportable or portable.
    Document US5615733A, presents a simulated heat exchanger for reading and calculating the loss of heat transfer by fouling. It does not have two tubes to perform a contrast and it does not have a simple and quick replacement system for the heat exchange tube.
    Document US4766553 shows a system for monitoring fouling and loss of performance on heat exchange surfaces in heat exchangers. The main objective of the device described in this document is to provide a performance monitor to generate a dirt factor from a heat exchanger. For this purpose, the device has a surface heat exchange zone against a face, through which a heat exchange means having a specific heat passes, comprising: first temperature transmitting means (to supply a signal corresponding to the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger medium), second temperature transmitting means (to supply a signal corresponding to an input temperature of the medium to the heat exchanger), third temperature transmitting means (to supply a signal corresponding to a temperature of the heat exchanger on one side opposite the surface area of heat exchange and means of measuring the mass of the flow to supply a signal corresponding to the measure of the music expenditure through the heat exchanger). However, this device does not have a system for tube replacement, so it is not possible to test other materials. In addition, it is not detailed that there is a system for sampling fouling in the tubes.
    image4
    Document ES2149695A1, shows a combined monitor of direct and indirect measurement of biological fouling (biofouling). The invention consists of a system of direct and indirect measurement of the heat exchange process between two fluids, one of which causes the growth of biological film inside the tubes of a tubular beam (biofouling) because that fluid contains microorganisms The system continuously assesses the growth of adhered biofouling on the internal surface of the tube of an exchanger and consists of two differential parts: the one that monitors the biofouling by a direct system (biological film sample), and the one that controls this undesirable phenomenon indirectly, by measuring the friction factor and the resistance to heat transfer. This device is limited to the study of biofouling, not taking into account other fouling that occurs in the industry. Document ES2149695A1, does not have a system for the replacement of heat exchange tubes and to test different materials, finishes and coatings. It also does not have a quick connection mechanism for the extraction of the specimens for the analysis of fouling inside the tubes.
    The current heat exchangers used for testing are designed to conduct sedimentation studies and alterations in the quality of materials such as oxidation and corrosion in heat exchange tubes; however, they do not allow disassembly or replacement of test tubes without stopping the installation (production).
    In summary, the current heat exchangers are not portable, so they do not have the capacity to be able to be located anywhere in an installation or to carry out the studies of adaptation of the site of a future installation, they do not have mechanisms to exchange the tubes, they do not They have quick-connect test tube housing systems, are not easily portable and are not designed to suit any installation. Summary of the Invention
    The present invention seeks to solve the aforementioned drawbacks by means of a portable heat exchanger for the test of removable tubes of different materials, configured to be coupled to equipment of different heat exchange facilities, and which allows heat transfer between two or more fluids that circulate inside, such as in the food sector: the process that is applied to the milk to be pasteurized: or in the transport sector: the thermal maintenance of the lubricating oil so that it does not lose or alter its properties physical chemistry
    image5
    Specifically. In a first aspect of the present invention, a portable heat exchanger is provided for testing removable tubes of different materials, configured to allow heat transfer between two or more fluids circulating therein and to be coupled to equipment of different heat exchange facilities, comprising:
    -a hollow piece open at both ends;
    -at least two tubes located inside the hollow part: at least one test tube whose material is to be tested and at least one control tube whose material is with which you want to establish a comparison, in such a way that at least one fluid subject to heat transfer - fluid tubes - circulates inside the test and control tubes, and so that inside the hollow part, but external to the test and control tubes, The fluid responsible for heat transfer circulates - fluid casing - configured to increase, lower or maintain the temperature of the fluid tubes. such that the casing fluid acts thermally against the tubes within which the fluid that wants to be thermally influenced -fluid tubes- circulates, producing heat transmission between the surfaces of each tube;
    -at least one input socket located in the hollow part, next to one of the ends, configured to introduce inside the fluid housing;
    -at least one outlet socket located in the hollow part, close to the opposite end to which the input socket is located, configured for the outlet of the housing fluid;
    -a plate located at each end of the hollow part, comprising as many openings as tubes comprises the heat exchanger, such that each exchanger comprises two plates. and that it is attached to the end of the hollow piece by a plurality of fasteners, such that during the performance of the test, each opening in one of the plates is aligned longitudinally with another opening of the remaining plate and such that during the Performing the test, each tube is located along the axis between two openings. such that the ends of each tube remain outside the hollow piece, providing easy disassembly for the test with different tubes of physical and material characteristics;
    - an elastic joint attached to each plate on its side in contact with the hollow part by means of a plurality of fasteners, configured to guarantee total tightness in the thermal process, so that before starting the test, the adjustment of the Tubes are produced by closing the plates and tightening the fasteners against the elastic joint.
    -Double pressure fittings that tubes comprise the heat exchanger, such that each pressure fitting is attached to one of the openings of the plates and such that each end end of each tube is connected to a different pressure fitting , said pressure fittings being configured to allow easy replacement of the tubes to be tested, guaranteeing their tightness:
    image6
    the heat exchanger being configured to perform tests with materials of different characteristics, evaluate and test the degree of fouling that occurs in the materials at any time during the thermal process and thus be able to conduct a study of the loss of performance due to fouling, control the evolution in situ of the characteristics of the materials to be tested against the thermal process and to know the fouling factors, before the construction or modification of industrial facilities and processes.
    In a possible embodiment. The hollow piece has a tubular shape.
    In a possible embodiment, the circulation of the housing fluid is countercurrent, that is, in the opposite direction to the circulation of the fluid tubes.
    In one possible embodiment, the inlet and outlet sockets have a deterrent mechanism configured to regulate the flow rate and the pressure of the thermal transmission fluid flow.
    In a possible embodiment. The exchanger also comprises a plurality of sensors, such as temperature (inlet, outlet and housing), pressure (inlet and outlet) and / or flow measurement, configured to evaluate the heat exchanger's thermal cycle, and in turn avoid the accumulation of air inside. Preferably, the sensors are located in the inlets and outlets of the thermal transmission fluid.
    In a possible embodiment. The section of the plates is the same as the section of the hollow piece.
    In one possible embodiment, the elastic joint is flat and neoprene, and is attached to the plate by screws.
    In a possible embodiment, the exchanger is connected to pipes of the external equipment by means of quick connection systems, being able to exist as many quick connection systems as pressure fittings comprising the exchanger. Preferably, each quick connect system comprises a terminal, such that said terminal is connected to a pressure fitting, and to the external pipe. In addition, and more preferably, a test tube of the material to be tested is placed between each terminal-external pipe pair with its test tube adapters, which complements the test tubes, and allows for evaluation as contamination and alterations over time materials and their finishes suffer, in the heat exchange phase. Brief description of the figures
    In order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention. in accordance with a preferred example of practical realization thereof, and to complement this description, a set of drawings, whose illustrative and non-limiting characters are accompanied as an integral part thereof. In these drawings:
    Figure 1 shows a diagram of the exchanger of the invention, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
    image7
    Figure 2 shows a diagram of the exchanger of the invention, where it shows the inside of the hollow part, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 3 shows a diagram of the exchanger of the invention, wherein the quick connect system is appreciated, according to an embodiment of the invention. Detailed description of the invention
    In this text, the term "comprises" and its variants should not be understood in an exclusive sense, that is, these terms are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps.
    In addition, the terms "approximately", "substantially", "around", "some", etc. should be understood as indicating values close to which these terms accompany, since for calculation or measurement errors, it is impossible Get those values with total accuracy.
    The characteristics of the device of the invention, as well as the advantages derived therefrom, may be better understood with the following description, made with reference to the drawings listed above.
    The following preferred embodiments are provided by way of illustration. and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention. In addition, the present invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention.
    Next, the portable heat exchanger for the test of tubosextrables of different materials is described, in accordance with a basic scheme thereof depicted in Figure 1. The device of the invention is configured to be coupled to equipment of different exchange facilities. heat, and allows the transfer of heat between two or more fluids that circulate inside, such as in the food sector: the process that is applied to milk to be pasteurized; or in the transport sector: d thermal maintenance of the lubricating oil so that it does not lose or alter its physical-chemical properties. The specifications of the external equipment to connect the described device, are outside the present invention.
    The device of the invention comprises a hollow part 11 whose housing has a preferably tubular shape and is open at both ends.
    As can be seen in Figure 2, inside the hollow piece 21 there are at least two tubes 22: at least one test tube 22A and at least one control tube 228. The test tube 22A is of material which you want to test, while the control tube22B, can be of any material with which you want to establish a comparison between them.
    Inside the test tubes 22A and control 22B circulates at least one fluid subject to heat transfer (fluid tubes). One skilled in the art will understand that the fluid tubes can be different in each test tube 22A or control 22B, therefore there is at least one fluid tubes. This situation can occur, for example, if the exchanger has two control tubes 22B and two test tubes 22A, such that the fluid flows inside each of the four tubes and such that the fluid tubes of a couple tube Control-test tube is different from the fluid tubes of the remaining pair.
    image8
    In addition, inside the hollow part 21, but external to the test tubes 22A and control 22B, circulates the fluid responsible for heat transfer (shell fluid), configured to increase, lower or maintain the temperature of the fluid tubes. In this way, the tubes 22 receive the thermal input through the circulation of the housing fluid. in such a way that this casing fluid acts technically against the tubes 22 within which the fluid to which it is thermally influenced circulates, producing heat transmission between the surfaces of each tube 22. Preferably, and to have the highest efficiency of heat exchange, the circulation of the housing fluid is countercurrent. that is, in the opposite direction to the flow of fluid tubes.
    One skilled in the art will understand that the fluid tubes and the housing fluid are always different, since, although it can be the same type of fluid (for example: water) the temperature must be different for heat exchange to occur.
    The housing fluid is introduced into the device of the invention through a first socket 13, 23 located in the hollow piece 11, 21 near one of its ends and leaves the device through a second socket 14, 24 also located in the hollow piece 11.21 next to its opposite end. Preferably, the sockets 13, 23, 14, 24 have a detentor mechanism configured to regulate the flow rate and the pressure of the thermal transmission fluid flow.
    In addition, preferably the device of the invention comprises a plurality of sensors 15, 25 such as: temperature (inlet, outlet and housing), pressure (inlet and outlet) and flow measurement, configured to evaluate the thermal cycle of the heat exchanger, and in turn avoid the accumulation of air inside. Preferably, the sensors 15, 25 are located in the inlets 13, 23 and outflow 14, 24 of the thermal transmission fluid.
    At each end of the hollow piece 11, 21, a plate 16, 26 is placed that has as many openings as tubes comprises the exchanger of the invention, and such that during the performance of the test, each opening in one of the plates 16, 26 it is longitudinally aligned with another opening of the remaining plate 16, 26. Thus, during the performance of the test, each tube is located along the axis between two openings, such that the ends of each tube remain outside the hollow piece 11, 21. This provides easy disassembly for the test. with different tubes of physical and material characteristics.
    Said plates 16, 26, whose section is preferably the same as the section of the hollow piece 11, 21, are attached to the ends of the hollow piece 11, 21 through a plurality of fasteners 17, 27, preferably screws.
    In addition, and to ensure total tightness in the thermal process, each plate 16, 26 comprises on its side in contact with the hollow part 11, 21 an elastic seal preferably flat and preferably neoprene. Each elastic joint is attached to the plate 16, 26 preferably by screws.
    image9
    Thus, before starting the material test, at least one control tube 22B and at least one test tube 22A is placed. The adjustment of the tubes 22 occurs when the plates 16, 26 are closed and the clamping elements 17, 27 are pressed against the elastic joint.
    In addition, the device of the invention comprises twice the pressure fittings 18 whose tubes 22 comprise the heat exchanger, such that each pressure fitting 18 is attached to one of the openings of the plates 16, 26, and such that each end of each tube 22 is connected to a different pressure fitting 18, said pressure fittings 18 being configured to allow easy replacement of the tubes 22 to be tested, ensuring their tightness;
    Preferably, as seen in FIG. 3, the device of the invention is connected to the pipes of the external equipment by means of quick connection systems, and quick connection systems such as fittings 38 may comprise said device. In a possible embodiment, each conceived system comprises a terminal 39, such that said terminal 39 is connected to a fitting 38, for example by welding or tapping, and to the external pipe. In another possible embodiment, a test tube of the material to be tested is placed between each pair of external pipeline. Said test tube complements the test tubes, and allows to evaluate as time passes the fouling and alterations suffered by the materials and their finishes, in the heat exchange phase. In this specific case, the quick connect system has sample-holder adapters configured to house the specimens. The quick connection systems are configured to perform the work of changing the tubes and test tubes.
    One skilled in the art will understand that the material of all the elements comprising the exchanger (hollow piece, plates, tubes ...) must be such that it does not degrade with the test fluids and that it supports the pressure generated, among other characteristics .
    It is important to note that the device of the invention, due to its design characteristics and dimensions, is portable, which makes it unique for testing and measurement in any installation or fluid. In addition, the device of the present invention allows testing with simplicity and operational speed, which makes it a unique fouling test device. At present, no heat exchangers have been designed or built that by their design mitigate fouling, and also have the possibility of being easily transportable to be placed in a) any facility built and study its improvements or b) in the Future location of an installation to study also the improvements that can be introduced in the design of the equipment.
    The device is useful to evaluate and test the degree of fouling that occurs in the materials at any time during the thermal process and thus be able to carry out a study of the loss of performance due to fouling, control the evolution in situ of the characteristics of the materials to be test against the thermal process and know the fouling factors.
    In addition, it incorporates the advantage of carrying out tests with materials of different characteristics because the tubes are removable, and also implements the possibility of carrying out tests with different specimens to analyze as the time of thermal exchange passes, the alterations that the materials undergo . In addition, it is possible to analyze and control temperatures, pressure differences and flow rates through the mechanisms described above, adapting to any process. The device of the invention also allows to study the influence of new anti-fouling methods (chemical, physical and biological) on the different materials of the
    image10
    5 tubes
    Thanks to the device of the invention it is possible to perform tests in real conditions of the efficiency losses in the heat transfer processes before the construction or modification of industrial facilities and processes. With the
    10 current exchangers is not possible, since the studies cannot be carried out continuously (without stopping the installation) and are not portable either (to be installed anywhere). These results will help to minimize the costs of maintenance and aging of the facilities, while guaranteeing greater efficiency in thermal processes and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases.
    The device of the invention is portable, it comprises at least two fluids (at least one fluid tubes and one shell fluid), at least two tubes (at least one test tube and at least one control tube), it carries out the transfer of heat by direct contact of the housing fluid with the tubes, preferably tubular, and preferably at
    20 countercurrent. In addition, the device allows the test to be complemented by the annexation of specimens configured to measure the impact on materials based on the exposure time.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    image 1
    1. Portable heat exchanger for testing removable tubes (22) of different materials, configured to allow heat transfer between two or more fluids circulating inside and also configured to be coupled to equipment of different heat exchange facilities , which includes:
    -a hollow piece (11, 21, 31) open at both ends;
    - at least two tubes (22) located inside the hollow part (11, 21, 31), such that said heat exchanger comprises at least one test tube (22A) whose material is to be tested and at At least one control tube (22B) whose material is to be used to establish a comparison, so that at least one fluid subject to heat transfer circulates inside the test and control tubes (22A, 22B) -fluid tubes-, and in such a way that inside the hollow part (11, 21, 31), but external to the test and control tubes (22A, 22B), the fluid responsible for heat transfer circulates - casing-configured fluid to increase, lower or maintain the temperature of the fluid tubes. such that the casing fluid acts thermally against the tubes (22) within which the fluid that is thermally influenced - fluid tubes - circulates, producing heat transmission between the surfaces of each tube (22);
    -at least one input socket (13, 23, 33) located in the hollow part (11, 21, 31), close to one of the ends, configured to introduce inside the fluid housing:
    -at least one outlet (14, 24, 34) located in the hollow piece (11, 21, 31), close to the opposite end of the input socket (13, 23, 33), configured for fluid outlet housing:
    - a plate (16, 26, 36) located at each end of the hollow part (11, 21, 31), which comprises as many openings as tubes (22) comprises the heat exchanger, such that each exchanger comprises two plates (16 , 26, 36), and which is attached to the end of the hollow piece (11, 21, 31) by a plurality of fasteners (17, 27, 37), such that during the performance of the test, each opening in one of the plates (16, 26, 36) is longitudinally aligned with another opening of the remaining plate (16,26, 36) and such that during the performance of the test, each tube (22) is located along the axis between two openings, so that the ends of each tube (22) remain outside the hollow part (11, 21, 31), providing easy disassembly for testing with different tubes (22) of physical and material characteristics ;
    - an elastic joint attached to each plate (16, 26, 36) on its side in contact with the hollow piece (11, 21, 31) by means of a plurality of fasteners, configured to guarantee total tightness in the thermal process, so that before starting the test. The adjustment of the tubes (22) occurs when closing the plates (16, 26, 36) and tightening the fasteners against the elastic joint.
    -Double pressure fittings (18, 38) which tubes (22) comprise the heat exchanger, such that each pressure fitting (18, 38) is attached to one of the openings of the plates (16, 26, 36), and such that each end of each tube (22) is located
    12
    image2
    connected to a different pressure fitting (18, 38), said pressure fittings (18, 38) being configured to allow easy replacement of the tubes (22) to be tested, guaranteeing their tightness:
    the heat exchanger being configured to perform tests with materials of different characteristics, evaluate and test the degree of fouling that occurs in the materials at any time during the thermal process and thus be able to perform a study of the loss of performance due to fouling, control the evolution in situ of the characteristics of the materials to be tested against the thermal process and know the fouling factors, before the construction or modification of industrial facilities and processes.
    [2]
    2. Heat exchanger according to the preceding claim, wherein the hollow part (11, 21, 31) has a tubular shape.
    [3]
    3. Heat exchanger according to the preceding claims, wherein the circulation of the housing fluid is countercurrent, that is, in the opposite direction to the circulation of the fluid tubes.
    [4]
    Four. Heat exchanger according to the preceding claims, wherein the inlets (13, 23, 33) and outlet (14, 24, 34) have a stopping mechanism configured to regulate the flow rate and pressure of the thermal transmission fluid flow.
    [5]
    5. Heat exchanger according to the preceding claims, further comprising a plurality of sensors (15, 25, 35), such as temperature (inlet, outlet and housing), pressure (inlet and outlet) and / or flow measurement, configured to evaluate the heat exchanger thermal cycle, and in turn avoid the accumulation of air inside.
    [6]
    6. Heat exchanger according to the preceding claim, such that the sensors (15, 25, 35) are located in the inlet (13, 23, 33) and outlet (14, 24, 34) of the thermal transmission fluid.
    [7]
    7. Heat exchanger according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the section of the plates (16, 26, 36) is the same as the section of the hollow part (11, 21, 31).
    [8]
    8. Heat exchanger according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic joint is flat and neoprene, and is joined to the plate (16, 26, 36) by screws.
    [9]
    9. Heat exchanger according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said exchanger is connected to external equipment pipes by means of quick connection systems, as many quick connection systems as pressure fittings (18, 38) may comprise the exchanger.
    [10]
    10. Heat exchanger according to the preceding claim, wherein each quick connect system comprises a terminal (39), such that said terminal (39) is attached to a pressure fitting (18, 38), and to the external pipe.
    [11]
    eleven. Heat exchanger according to claim 10, wherein a test tube of the material to be tested with its porta adapters is placed between each pair of external pipeline
    13
    image3
    specimens, which complements the test tubes (22A), and which is configured to evaluate as time passes the fouling and alterations suffered by the materials and their finishes, in the heat exchange phase.
    14
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2598122B2|2017-09-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH292913A|1951-06-23|1953-08-31|Escher Wyss Ag|Tubular heat exchanger.|
    CH335307A|1953-12-23|1958-12-31|Zellwolle Lenzing Aktiengesell|Tubular heat exchanger|
    CN101354218A|2008-09-19|2009-01-28|江苏中圣高科技产业有限公司|Detachable type high-efficiency casing heat exchanger|
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