• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Security system for detecting cable cuts on railway lines, for application to accompanying cables (1) of the catenary power supply (2) or the corresponding junction cables (3), where a fiber optic cable is available (4) associated with the electrical cable (1, 3) of application, having at one end of said fiber optic cable (4) a laser light emitter and a receiver related to an interrogator (5) that measures the time it takes to returning reflected, up to the receiver, the laser light projected by the emitter, after traversing totally or partially the length of said fiber optic cable (4). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2595093A2
    申请号:ES201530901
    申请日:2015-06-25
    公开日:2016-12-27
    发明作者:Manuel Delgado García；Enrique Vicente FELIPO ARTIGAS
    申请人:D-3 Ingenieria Y Desarrollo S L；D-3 Ingenieria Y Desarrollo Sl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    SECURITY SYSTEM TO DETECT CABLE CUTS IN LINESRAILWAYS Technical sector
    The present invention relates to security measures against theft of copper wires in electrical installations and particularly in rail lines,
    10 proposing a security system that allows the instant detection and location of a cut in the electric conduction cables when there is an attempt to steal them. State of the art
    A conventional system for the supply of electric power to rail vehicles is the so-called single-line catenary, providing one or more electrical substations that feed a circuit determined by a cable or power line arranged at a height above the road and which forms the positive pole of
    20 circuit, and the rails of the roads that make up the negative pole of the circuit. With this, the electrical system of the vehicle is connected to the power line through a collector comb arranged in its upper part and to the rails of the tracks through the wheels of the vehicle, thus closing the electrical circuit.
    25 The equidistance at all points between the rail vehicle and the power line, as well as the absence of elements that may interfere with the collector comb, is achieved by a support cable held by poles, determining a catenary, from which braces that support the feed line at a constant height are suspended at certain distances.
    30 This single-line system is effective and safe for people since the line in electrical tension is at a sufficient height to avoid dangerous contacts from the ground, but the conduction of electricity is carried out through a cable in which high step intensities are generated, which in conditions of high consumption can cause
    35 an excessive voltage drop for the proper functioning of railway vehicles,
    P201 530901
    overloads and even line failures.
    It is known a system that allows to reinforce in partial zones the power of the power line, reducing the intensity of passage and the voltage drop along the line of
    5 power supply, by means of the provision of electrical substations arranged in the sectionsthat interests, to provide in these sections an additional energy in the momentsrequired Each substation is connected to the track rails and the line ofpower supply through an accompanying cable that has disconnectorsat the beginning and at the end for connection or disconnection.
    However, copper is an expensive material, which is why the theft of electrical cables formed of said material is frequent, especially in sections not subject to tension, such as the accompanying cables of railway installations, which are easy to disconnect by opening its disconnectors to leave them without tension and thus be able to cut the
    15 cables without danger.
    The theft of the accompanying cables results in delays in business hours on the railway application lines, due to the need to reduce the frequency of railway vehicles to reduce consumption, or even due to the stopping of traffic by not counting with the necessary additional energy that is supplied, when necessary, by the accompanying cables. In addition, when the cables are cut, they can hang dangerously, with the possibility of generating sparks and fires, as well as the risk of electrocution of people approaching the site. On the other hand, an excess of electrical intensity in the rails can overload the transformer of the installation
    25 electrical or even overheating the rails, which can become deformed, causing service interruption or causing risk of derailment.
    In that sense, it should be noted, for example, that in 75 robberies committed on Spanish railway lines, between September 2013 and September 2014, more than 90,000 were stolen
    30 meters of cable, with damages valued at more than 3,000,000 euros, 83 trains affected and 1697 minutes of accumulated delays.
    There are safety systems, such as the ES 2 103 660 B 1 patent, which allow the detection of cuts or short circuits in the power supply line of the facilities
    35 railways, by monitoring the voltage at different points of the line, thereby detecting the theft of a section of the power line cable or the accompanying cables, to take appropriate measures. However, this system does not detect the specific point of the failure, which delays the adoption of intervention measures. In addition, the theft of the accompanying cables, through the
    5 prior opening of the corresponding disconnectors, can lead to not being detectedimmediately cut the line, since the system can in principle followfunctioning, until a complementary contribution of power in thecirculation line 10 Object of the invention
    In accordance with the invention, a safety system is proposed to detect cuts of the electric cables on railway lines, with performance characteristics that allow the cuts to be detected immediately and also precisely determining the points
    15 of the line affected by the cuts.
    This system comprises the provision of a fiber optic cable associated with the electrical cable to be protected, having at one of the ends of said fiber optic cable a laser light emitter and a receiver related to an interrogator that measures the time that
    20 it takes to return reflected, until the receiver, the laser light projected by the emitter, after totally or partially covering the length of said fiber optic cable.
    Thus, at one end of the fiber optic cable is the interrogator that has the laser light emitter and the receiver. The laser light emitter injects a pulse of light into the fiber cable
    25 optics, and the receiver measures the amount of light reflected by a defined cut at the end of the fiber optic cable. In this way, the interrogator can measure the time it takes for the light pulse to travel through the fiber optic cable, and comparing that time with the speed of the light pulse on the fiber optic cable a measurement of the cable length is obtained. optical fiber.
    30 Thus, when the fiber optic cable is cut, part of the laser light that circulates through said cable is reflected in the cut zone, returning by the fiber optic cable itself to the receiver, whereby the interrogator detects a variation in the measured length of the fiber optic cable since the laser light has only traveled a part of the length
    35 of the cable, thus generating an alarm signal and the indication of the distance at which P201 530901
    The cut has occurred.
    The association of the fiber optic cable with the electrical cable to be protected causes whentry to cut the electrical cable to steal it, along with it the fiber cable is also cut5 optics, thus causing the alarm signal that warns of the cut.
    This system is applicable in any section of power lines, being especially useful in the accompanying cables of the railway installation catenaries, since this system is able to detect the cutting of the cables even when it is not in
    10 use, since the detection is not subject to a voltage or intensity drop.
    The instantaneous detection of the cut of the cable of application, with this system, allows to activate immediately the protocols of security, knowing in addition the exact point of the cut, with which it is avoided, in the first place, that the authors have time to take the cable, which in some cases serves to deter the attempted theft of electric cables. In addition, the consequences in the service of the line involved are minimized when the subtraction of the electric cables is produced, since when the action is known immediately and the point where the cut has occurred, it allows to take as quickly the necessary measures for the repair, as well as avoiding the energization of the
    20 line with risk of causing fire or electrocution.
    Therefore, said security system for detecting cuts of electrical cables, according to the invention, is of certain advantageous characteristics, acquiring its own life and preferential character with respect to conventional systems of the same application.
    Description of the figures
    Figure 1 shows a general view of a section of railway track with catenary provided with an accompanying cable.
    Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a section of railway line with the accompanying cable of the protected catenary according to the system of the invention.
    Figure 3 shows a diagram of the power supply of a railway catenary 35 from a substation.
    Figure 4 shows a diagram of the complementary power supply through accompanying cables, of a railway catenary from different substations distributed along the railway line.
    5 Figures 5 and 6 show diagrams of a complementary power supplythrough accompanying cables, from a railway catenary, from twosubstations, with the accompanying cable connections, closed in the firstscheme and open in the second scheme.
    10 Detailed description of the invention
    The present invention relates to a security system for detecting power cable cuts on railway lines, when actions of theft of said cables occur, particularly in relation to the accompanying cable (1) of the power supply
    15 of railway catenaries (2) and the cables of the corresponding junctions (3), allowing to detect the action of the cut at the moment it occurs and determine exactly the point of the line affected by the cut.
    The protection system that is recommended consists, as seen in Figure 2, in
    20 providing a fiber optic cable (4) associated to the accompanying cable (1) or to the junction cables (3), having at one end of said fiber optic cable (4) a laser light emitter and a receiver (not represented) related to an interrogator (5).
    The fiber optic cable (4) may be embedded in the electrical cables (1, 3) to be protected or
    25 be arranged attached to them by any means that maintains an association between them that causes the fiber optic cable (4) to be cut when the electrical cable (1, 3) of application is cut.
    The interrogator (5) establishes himself in communication with a control system (no
    30 represented), incorporating a program that allows to calculate the distance traveled by the fiber optic cable (4) the laser light that the emitter projects, depending on the time elapsed since said laser light is emitted until its return is captured by the receiver, to compare said path with that corresponding to the total length of the fiber optic cable (4), determined by the time it takes for the laser light to travel said cable
    35 of fiber optic (4) from the transmitter to the opposite end of the fiber optic cable (4) and
    return by reflection to the receiver.
    Thus, when an attempt is made to steal a protected electrical cable (1, 3), when the said electrical cable (1, 3) is cut, the associated fiber optic cable (4) is cut, taking place in the cut a reflection of the laser light that circulates through said fiber optic cable (4), whereby the time in which the reflected laser light reaches the receiver is less than that corresponding to the route along the entire length of the fiber cable optics (4), circumstance that is detected by the interrogator (5), which, based on the time detected, calculates the distance at which the cut-off point in the installation is located,
    10 thus determining the place where the cut is, and generates a signal that is sent to the control system, activating an alarm that warns of the cut.
    With all this, at the moment that a cut of an electric cable (1, 3) is protected with a fiber optic cable (4) according to this system of the invention, the fiber optic cable
    15 (4) is also cut and, as a consequence, the corresponding interrogator (5) detects the eventuality and determines the exact location of the cut, generating a warning signal that allows the appropriate measures to be taken immediately, even if the cable Electrical (1, 3) involved is disconnected by the opening of the disconnectors (6) connecting their ends with the corresponding electrical installation.
    20 The protection system is generally applicable to any conductor cable susceptible to theft in an electrical installation, which in the case of a railway installation may be the power supply cable (7) of a catenary (2) from a substation (8 ) and the cable
    (9) electric return from the rails (10) of railway vehicles (11),
    25 according to the scheme of Figure 3; being particularly applicable in relation to the accompaniment cable (1) of the catenaries (2), through which a complementary power supply to the catenary (2) is supplied in partial areas, when necessary, from substations (12 ) additional distributed throughout the installation, according to the scheme of figure 2, as well as with respect to the junction cables (3) between the
    30 accompaniment cable (1) and the corresponding catenary (2).
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1.-Security system to detect cable cuts in railway lines, applicationto accompanying cables (1) of the catenary power supply (2) or the cables5 of the corresponding joints (3), characterized in that a fiber cable is providedoptics (4) associated to the electric cable (1, 3) of application, having at one end ofsaid fiber optic cable (4) a laser light emitter and a receiver related to ainterrogator (5) that measures the time it takes to return reflected, to the receiver, the lightlaser projected by the emitter, after totally or partially covering the length of the mentioned
    10 pound optic cable (4).
    [2]
    2.-Security system to detect cable cuts in railway lines, according to the first claim, characterized in that, depending on the time it takes to return reflected, to the receiver, the laser light projected by the transmitter, the interrogator (5 )
    15 determines the length traveled by said laser light in the fiber optic cable (4).
    [3]
    3.-Security system to detect cable cuts in railway lines, according to the first claim, and characterized in that the fiber optic cable (4) is arranged along the entire length of the electric cable (1, 3) of application, between the connections of
    20 union of the ends of the same with the corresponding electrical installation.
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    同族专利:
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    ES2595093B1|2017-10-05|
    ES2595093R1|2017-02-09|
    引用文献:
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    CN109142964A|2017-06-16|2019-01-04|国电南瑞科技股份有限公司|A kind of definite value automatic setting method of high-speed railway fault location device|WO2007111389A1|2006-03-24|2007-10-04|Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute|Power cable capable of detecting failure|
    DE102007015576A1|2007-03-28|2008-10-02|NH-Meßtechnik Heinz-Peter Neuhaus GmbH|Overhead wire monitoring system, has monitoring line breaking together with overhead wire during break of overhead wire, and evaluating device formed and provided to determine break of monitoring line |
    EP2857256A1|2013-10-02|2015-04-08|Nearic Business Solutions|Network system|
    法律状态:
    2017-10-05| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2595093 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20171005 |
    2018-03-09| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20180305 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201530901A|ES2595093B1|2015-06-25|2015-06-25|SECURITY SYSTEM TO DETECT CABLE CUTS ON RAILWAY LINES|ES201530901A| ES2595093B1|2015-06-25|2015-06-25|SECURITY SYSTEM TO DETECT CABLE CUTS ON RAILWAY LINES|
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