• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device and system for reforming hydrocarbons with water vapor comprising a membrane (8) inside a metal chamber (7), the membrane (8) and the metal chamber (7) being both cylindrical and coaxial. The generated hydrogen is extracted through a first extraction conduit (2) connected to the interior of the membrane (8), and the remaining reagents are extracted through a second extraction conduit (3) connected to a space comprised between the outer face of the membrane (8) and the inner face of the metal chamber (7). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2546229A1
    申请号:ES201530748
    申请日:2015-05-29
    公开日:2015-09-21
    发明作者:Carmen MARTÍN RUBIO
    申请人:Sener Ingenieria y Sistemas SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    P201530748
    05-29-2015
    Low carbon refractory steel to improve its anti-corrosion properties in the layer that receives solar radiation.
    The membrane (8) occupies the innermost part of the device (1) and establishes two zones
    5 concentric inside the metal chamber (7). Reagents are introduced into the outer zone (that is, the one that extends from the outer face of the membrane (8) to the inner face of the metal chamber (7)), while the generated hydrogen is extracted from the inner zone (that is, the area bounded by the inner face of the membrane (8)). The hydrogen that is generated in the outer zone is extracted progressively thanks to the difference in
    10 pressure between the outside and the inside of the membrane (8). This pressure difference also favors that the reagents approach the outer face of the membrane (8), without crossing it, thus increasing the conversion above the equilibrium values. This is due to the fact that the reaction is displaced towards the products when the partial pressure of these is reduced (Le Châtelier principle). The membrane (8) can
    15 be implemented by any type of membrane known in the state of the art that allows hydrogen to be extracted without being trapped by the rest of the components. This includes for example microporous membranes such as silica, carbon or zeolites among others or dense membranes such as perovskites, palladium or the like. However, silica-based membranes are considered a preferred option given the conditions of
    20 temperature, pressure and humidity, as well as the presence of hydrocarbons. Silica membranes are preferably manufactured using sol-gel techniques that allow controlling the average pore diameter of the system.
    The membrane (8), if for example it is the microporous silica membrane, comprises in turn three layers:
     A macroporous ceramic support that offers mechanical resistance to the assembly, preferably made of α-alumina.
    30 intermedia An intermediate layer that acts as a bridge between the support micropores and the micropores of the surface layer, made of γ-alumina.
     A surface layer that performs the separation of hydrogen and acts as a precursor, composed of silica. By way of non-limiting example, a particular implementation of the invention comprises
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    P201530748
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    a metal chamber (7) with an internal diameter between 7 and 9 cm and a membrane
    (8) with a diameter between 3 and 5 cm. Following said example, the thickness of the metal chamber (7) is between 5 and 6 mm with a coating between 1 and 3 mm, while the membrane has a thickness of between 30 and 50 μm. The outer tube (6) has an inner diameter between 9 and 11 cm and a thickness between 1 and 2 mm. The height of the devices (1) is between 1 and 2 m, being located around a typical diameter between 1 and 10 m. Again, note that these values are only an example to facilitate the understanding of the invention and complete the description thereof, but the person skilled in the art may understand that the invention can be carried out with other dimensions without departing from the object of the invention such and as claimed. In any case, the dimensions of the device (1) must ensure that the dilations of the metal chamber (7) are absorbed by the fixing means (4) without compromising the integrity of the outer tube (6).
    Finally, the device (1) comprises a monolithic nickel catalyst on alumina, although other particular implementations of the invention may comprise any other catalyst known in the state of the art for steam hydrocarbon reforming reactions. This type of nickel on alumina catalyst has low pore volumes and low specific surface area. However, it is highly inert and works at high temperatures, unlike other alternative supports. This type of catalyst typically requires feed rates of between 3 and 3.5 to prevent its deactivation by coke at high temperatures.
    In short, the use of the described membrane allows to increase the efficiency of conversion of methane into hydrogen from values between 80% and 90% to values equal to or greater than 99%. This reduces the energy and economic cost of hydrogen production, increases the autonomy of the reforming system and avoids or reduces the use of additional energy sources such as fossil fuels. In addition, the proposed geometries avoid problems associated with the homogenization of the temperature and the irregular flow of the gas, and it is possible to extract the filtered final product without impurities directly.
    In view of this description and figures, the person skilled in the art may understand that the invention has been described according to some preferred embodiments thereof, but that multiple variations can be introduced in said preferred embodiments, without departing from the object of the invention such and as claimed.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016193518A1|2016-12-08|
    ES2546229B1|2016-06-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2002070402A2|2001-03-05|2002-09-12|Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.|Apparatus and process for the production of hydrogen|
    US20050158236A1|2004-01-21|2005-07-21|Min-Hon Rei|Process and reactor module for quick start hydrogen production|
    US5229102A|1989-11-13|1993-07-20|Medalert, Inc.|Catalytic ceramic membrane steam-hydrocarbon reformer|
    US5525322A|1994-10-12|1996-06-11|The Regents Of The University Of California|Method for simultaneous recovery of hydrogen from water and from hydrocarbons|IT201700001505A1|2017-01-09|2018-07-09|Milano Politecnico|Solar concentration catalytic reactor.|
    法律状态:
    2016-06-29| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2546229 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20160629 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201530748A|ES2546229B1|2015-05-29|2015-05-29|Hydrocarbon steam reforming device and system|ES201530748A| ES2546229B1|2015-05-29|2015-05-29|Hydrocarbon steam reforming device and system|
    PCT/ES2016/070404| WO2016193518A1|2015-05-29|2016-05-30|Device and system for steam reforming of hydrocarbons|
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