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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to controlling direction of blast wave in a hydrogen refueling station (HRS; Hydrogen Refueling Station) (1) for filling a vessel (2) of a vehicle (3) with hydrogen, the HRS (1) comprising: a hydrogen supply, a hydrogen outlet fluidly connectable to the vessel (2) of the vehicle (3), and a process controller (12) configured for monitoring and controlling the operation of the HRS (1), a center module (11) comprising a plurality of substantially vertical side panels (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d) and a plurality of substantially horizontal panels (18a, 18b), and a dispenser module (13) fluidly connected to the center module (11) by a supply line (16), wherein the HRS (1) is characterized in that it is provided with at least one deformation zone (19). Thereby, solving the problem of reducing footprint and price at the same time as the strength of the HRS enclosure is maintained.
    公开号:DK201870549A1
    申请号:DKP201870549
    申请日:2017-02-14
    公开日:2018-09-12
    发明作者:Kappel Petersen Leif
    申请人:Nel Hydrogen A/S；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DANMARK (10)
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    (12)
    PATENTANSØGNING
    Patent- og Varemærkestyrelsen
    Int.CI.: F17C 5/06 (2006.01)
    Ansøgningsnummer: PA 2018 70549
    Indleveringsdato: 2018-08-23
    Løbedag: 2017-02-14
    Aim. tilgængelig: 2018-08-23
    Publiceringsdato: 2018-09-12
    International ansøgning nr.: PCT/DK2017/050038
    International indleveringsdag: 2017-02-14
    Videreførelsesdag: 2018-08-23
    Prioritet:
    2016-03-02 DK PA 2016 00135
    Ansøger:
    Nel Hydrogen A/S, Vejlevej 5, 7400 Herning, Danmark
    Opfinder:
    Leif Kappel Petersen, Lambækvej 41,6940 Lem St, Danmark
    Fuldmægtig:
    Patentgruppen A/S, Arosgården Åboulevarden 31,4., 8000 Århus C, Danmark
    Titel: CONTROLLING DIRECTION OF BLASTWAVE IN A HYDROGEN REFUELING STATION
    Sammendrag:
    The invention relates to controlling direction of blast wave in a hydrogen refueling station (HRS; Hydrogen Refueling Station) (1) for filling a vessel (2) of a vehicle (3) with hydrogen, the HRS (1) comprising: a hydrogen supply, a hydrogen outlet fluidly connectable to the vessel (2) of the vehicle (3), and a process controller (12) configured for monitoring and controlling the operation of the HRS (1), a center module (11) comprising a plurality of substantially vertical side panels (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d) and a plurality of substantially horizontal panels (18a, 18b), and a dispenser module (13) fluidly connected to the center module (11) by a supply line (16), wherein the HRS (1) is characterized in that it is provided with at least one deformation zone (19). Thereby, solving the problem of reducing footprint and price at the same time as the strength of the HRS enclosure is maintained.
    Fortsættes...
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    18b 19,25
    DK 2018 70549 A1 i
    CONTROLLING DIRECTION OF BLAST WAVE IN A HYDROGEN REFUELING STATION
    Field of the invention
    The present invention relates to a hydrogen refueling station using a deformation zone to reduce pressure inside the hydrogen refueling station in case of an explosion.
    Background of the invention
    Owners of Hydrogen Refueling Stations (HRS; Hydrogen Refueling Station) require a HRS which is low in price and have a small footprint. These demands can e.g. be complied with by minimizing the amount e.g. iron used for the HRS enclosure. However, this will also reduce the strength of the HRS enclosure, a strength which is needed for the HRS to comply with safety requirements and consequences of hydrogen leakage in the HRS such as an explosion inside the HRS enclosure.
    Prior art deals with gas leakages e.g. by supplying a gas into the HRS enclosure to homogenize the gas herein and at the same time venting the gas out of the HRS enclosure. In this way prior art documents FR3001789 reduces the risk of an explosion followed by a gas leakage. Prior art document FR2951217 describes a HRS enclosure provided with several holes which are used for venting in case of a gas leakage inside the HRS enclosure. Prior art document JP2011132876 describes to use a suction fane and a discharge opening for discharge of hydrogen from the inside of the hydrogen refueling station.
    Hence from the prior art different ways of ventilation of the HRS in case of leakage is used to limit effects of leaking gas. However prior art does not solve the problem of reducing footprint and price at the same time as the strength of the HRS enclosure is maintained.
    Summary
    Therefore it is an object of the present invention to provide a HRS for filling a vessel of a vehicle with hydrogen, the HRS comprising: a hydrogen supply, a hydrogen
    DK 2018 70549 A1 outlet fluidly connectable to the vessel of the vehicle, and a process controller configured for monitoring and controlling the operation of the HRS, a center module comprising a plurality of substantially vertical side panels and a plurality of substantially horizontal panels, and a dispenser module fluidly connected to the center module by a supply line, wherein the HRS is characterized in that it is provided with at least one deformation zone. Preferably the horizontal panels define bottom and ceiling of the HRS enclosure.
    It should be mentioned that substantially horizontal and vertical should be understood in a way which creates 90 degrees angles between the side panels (vertical panels) and between the side panels and bottom / ceiling panels (horizontal panels). Thereby the horizontal and vertical panels create a substantially rectangular HRS.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the at least one deformation zones is part of the enclosure of the dispenser module. No matter if the dispenser module is located a distance from the HRS center module or is an integrated part of the HRS center module it may also be provided with deformation zones as described throughout this description having the same functionalities and advantages as described in relation to the HRS center module.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the at least one deformation zone is part of the panels of the center module.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the center module comprises an inner panel dividing the inside of the center module in a hazardous zone and in a nonhazardous zone, wherein the at least one deformation zone is part of the vertical panels inner panel and / or the horizontal panel defining the hazardous zone.
    Preferably the enclosure defines hazardous and non-hazardous zones. The hazardous zone is preferably defined by the risk of occurrence of an explosion. Therefore, the hazardous zone is often defined by a sub enclosure where hydrogen is treated.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    Examples of treatment of hydrogen could be cooling, pressure control, filtering, flow control and the like. It should be mentioned that no electric components should be present in the hazardous zone to limit risk of ignition of leaked hydrogen.
    It is advantageous if the vertical panel comprising the deformation zone is the panel turning away from the location of the dispenser so that in case of an explosion, the dispenser and user hereof are protected in case of an explosion occurring in the HRS. With this said the deformation zones could be part of any of the vertical side panels and / or any of the horizontal bottom / ceiling panels.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the pressure resistance of the at least one deformation zone is P2 and the pressure resistance of the vertical and horizontal panels is P3 and wherein the pressure P3 is higher than the pressure P2.
    This is advantageous in that in case of an emergency the part of the horizontal panels will break before the vertical side panels. Thereby pressure wave from an explosion occurring during emergency then leaves the HRS enclosure in a vertical direction and not in a horizontal direction through the side panels where likelihood of injure humans is high.
    Preferably the pressure resistance of the inner panel is also P3, by mentioning the panels also the joints hereof is included.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the at least one deformation zone is part of the joints of the vertical panels and / or is part of the joints of the vertical panels and the horizontal panels. The design of the HRS where two panels are joint with a less strong joint is advantageous in that these two panels may open in case of an explosion directing the blast wave in that predetermined direction.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the at least one deformation zone is implemented as a hatch connected to one of the panels by one or more hinges and / or one or more safeguards. A hatch implementation of the deformation zone is
    DK 2018 70549 A1 advantageous in that predetermined area(s) of the panel can be opened by the pressure increasing pressure P2. This is due to the fact that the safeguard releasing the hatch at (or around) pressure P2. It is advantageous if the hinge is designed to comply with a higher pressure than P2 in that the hatch then stays connected to the HRS and is not blown away risking harming persons or material. Alternatively, a hatch could simply be blown away however it is preferred that it remains connected to the HRS to avoid it damaging material or persons when it is landing again.
    This is advantageously in that the deformation zones then facilitates a volume expansion of the hazardous zone in a predetermined direction i.e. the direction of the from the explosion center towards the panel comprising the hatch. Preferably this direction is upward which is advantageous in that in the unlikely event on an explosion the blast ware is opening a deformation zone at the roof of the HRS thereby reducing the risk of anyone getting hurt.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the entire ceiling is designed as one or more hatches. This is advantageous in that then the opening is as large as can be and in this way the pressure increase in the hazardous zone is prevented. The ceiling is illustrated as panel 18a in figure 2.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the hatch is tillable fastened to the horizontal panel or to the vertical panels by means of one or more hinges. This is advantageous in that then tilting hatches (facilitated e.g. by connecting them at their midst) can be implemented beneath HRS components located on the roof of the HRS. It should be remembered that the roof of the HRS is the outer side of the horizontal panel defining the ceiling of the enclosure of the HRS.
    It should be mentioned that HRS components over such tillable hatches is in great danger of being destroyed in case of an explosion opening the tillable hatches.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the hatch is in a first part attached to one of the horizontal panels or to one of the vertical panels by means of one or more hinges and in a second part attached to the one of the horizontal panel or to the one of the vertical panels by means of one or more safeguards. The first part of the hatch is preferably one side of the hatch. The second part of the hatch is preferably the opposite side to the first side of the hatch. This way of attaching hatches is advantageous in that the direction of the opening of the hatches is controlled. This is because the hinge resists a higher pressure than the safeguard and therefore the safeguard will break fist opening the hatch around the hinges.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the pressure P3 is between 0,1 bar and 0,5 bar. It is preferred that the pressure limit P3 is higher than the pressure limit P2 to avoid obstacles from the HRS flying sideways from the HRS in case of an explosion. This is avoided if the side panels are built to withstand a pressure (P3) higher than the pressure (p2).
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the pressure P2 is less than the pressure P3, preferably between 0,9 bars and 0,3 bars. When the pressure in the enclosure reaches pressure P2 the parts deformation zones e.g. of the horizontal panel will break and thereby facilitate exit of pressure from the hazardous zone and thereby preventing increase of pressure in the hazardous zone.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the safeguards are designed to break at the pressure P2. This is preferred in that then the design of the safeguards is defining the pressure P2 at which the hatches should open. A safeguard is preferably a joint which is designed to withstand less pressure that other joints of the HRS e.g. 0,05 to 0,2 bars less than the joints withstanding pressure P3. A safeguard could be a welding, bolted connecting, etc.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    According to an embodiment of the invention, components on the roof of the HRS 1 is positioned vertical. This is advantageous in that then more area of the horizontal roof / ceiling panel is free for implementing one or more hatches.
    Components which could be positioned and thereby taking up less area could be heat exchanger of the cooling system.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, at least one of the at least on deformation zones is implemented as a pressure absorbing panel at least partly lining at least one of the vertical side panels and wherein at least one of the of the at least one deformation zone is implemented as a hatch. The combination of deformation zones of the hatch and pressure absorbing panels type is advantageous in that the hatch deformation zone is increasing the volume of the area in which the explosion occurs while the blast wave is smoothened by the pressure absorbing panel.
    This is advantageous in that the energy of a blast wave from an explosion is reduced by the pressure absorbing panels obtains or absorbs energy from the blast wave. Thereby the panels lined with the pressure absorbing panels should withstand less pressure then without the pressure absorbing panels.
    Thereby the pressure wave is preferably reduced below pressure P3 but not under pressure P2 and thereby the blast wave deforms the pressure deformation zone and not the HRS enclosure. Hence the deformation zone implemented as a hatch not covered by pressure absorbing panel will open before e.g. a service door covered with a pressure absorbing panel.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the pressure absorbing panels only absorbs pressure from a first blast wave from an explosion. A pressure absorbing panel absorbs energy from a first blast wave. Accordingly, the first blast wave opens the deformation zone and deforms the pressure absorbing panels. The echo from the first blast wave then due to the deformed i.e. preferably opened deformation zone
    DK 2018 70549 A1 will not build up inside the HRS enclosure. In this way the combination of deformation zones and pressure absorbing panels may lower the design requirements of the HRS enclosure further compared to HRS only comprising deformation zones.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the pressure absorbing panel is built in a matrix form, preferably in a honeycomb structure or in as staggered tubes. It is advantageous to build the pressure absorbing panels in a matrix structure comprising elements which collapses and thereby deforms upon application of a force e.g. from a blast wave. During deformation the matrix absorbs energy however when the force terminates the deformation of the matrix also terminates.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the depth of the pressure absorbing panel is between 30 and 200 millimeters, preferably less than 100 millimeters. Honeycomb and tube matrix structures of more than 40 millimeters in depth are advantageous in that their pressure absorbing capabilities are higher than other structures.
    It should be mentioned that the thicker i.e. the deeper the pressure absorbing panels the more energy they can absorb. Accordingly, the depth of the pressure absorbing panels is balanced between the need for energy absorbance and the space required for HRS components within the HRS enclosure.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the pressure absorbing panel lining a vertical and/or horizontal panel varies over the area it covers of the vertical and/or horizontal panels. This is advantageous in that then the pressure absorbing panel may be thicker where e.g. a side panel is weak or narrower where e.g. a components requires the space.
    Moreover, the invention relates to the use of a hatch designed to open at a pressure P2 and thereby preventing a pressure increase inside the HRS enclosure. Preferably
    DK 2018 70549 A1 the opening of the hatch prevents the pressure from increasing significantly from pressure P2 and further prevents a temperature from rising inside the hazardous area.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    Figures
    In the following, a few exemplary embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the figures, of which
    Figure 1 illustrates a HRS,
    Figure 2 illustrates a schematic view of a HRS defining different zones, Figure 3 illustrates a top view of the HRS,
    Figure 4 illustrates a directional opening of a deformation zone caused by an explosion within the HRS, and
    Figure 5 illustrates pressure level before and after a blast wave hits a pressure absorbing panel.
    Brief description of the invention
    Figure 1 illustrates a schematic view of a HRS 1 according to an embodiment of invention. The HRS 1 supplies hydrogen to a receiving vessel 2 of a vehicle 3 from a hydrogen supply in the form of a supply network 4, external hydrogen storage 5, internal hydrogen storage 6 or a temporary hydrogen storage 7.
    To regulate the hydrogen pressure, temperature, flow, time etc. to comply with currents standards such as e.g. the SAE J2601 standard for refuelling of a vehicle 3 with hydrogen, the HRS 1 comprises a compressor 8, a cooling system 9 and a control and monitoring system 10 at least including a process controller 12 all which are preferably located within a center module 11 of the HRS 1.
    At most locations of HRS 1 it is preferred to physically separate the HRS center module 11 from a dispenser 13 which is connectable to the vehicle 3 by means of a hose 14 and a nozzle 15 (hydrogen outlet). The HRS center module 11 and the dispenser 13 is connected by one or more supply lines 16 for supplying hydrogen from the HRS 1 via the dispenser 13 to the receiving vessel 2 of the vehicle 3. If the dispenser module 13 is a standalone module located a distance from the HRS center
    DK 2018 70549 A1 module 13 as illustrated on figure 1, then the dispenser module may also be lined with deformations zones 19 and equipped with hatches 23 as described in relation to the HRS center module.
    However, as indicated the dispenser (module) 13 may also be part of / located within the HRS center module 11.
    Even though the HRS 1 illustrated on figure 1 is illustrated to comprise center module 11 and dispenser 13 separated and connected with supply lines 16 (and not illustrated communication lines) it should be mentioned that the components of the HRS 1 from hydrogen supply 4, 5, 6, 7 to the hydrogen outlet which in figure 1 is illustrate as a nozzle 15 and everything (valves, transducers, actuators, i.e. all components used for controlling the hydrogen flow) in the hydrogen flow path between may be integrated completely in one enclosure or as illustrated in figure 1 installed as one or more individual components.
    Figure 2 illustrates a schematic view of a HRS 1 according to an embodiment of invention. The HRS enclosure comprising vertical side panels / walls 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d (together denoted 17). In this document the panel denoted 17a is the front panel i.e. the panel facing the areas where users of the HRS 1 during normal operation of the HRS 1 are present. The HRS enclosure further comprises horizontal panels (roof / floor) 18a, 18b (together denoted 18). In this document the panel denoted 18a is the roof panel.
    The space inside the enclosure is preferably divided in two by an inner panel 20 but could if needed be separated further. Important is it that at least one room could be defined as a hazardous zone 21 and at least one room could be defined as a nonhazardous zone 22.
    This separation of rooms is made to reduce risk of explosion in case of leakage of hydrogen along with keeping connections of hydrogen pipes outside of the HRS modules as far as possible. Therefore, the HRS 1 is designed only to handle hydrogen
    DK 2018 70549 A1 in the hazardous zone 21 where no electric installations are allowed unless they comply with strict safety requirements. Accordingly, all electric installations for controlling the HRS 1 are located in the non-hazardous zone 22 to avoid sparks initiating an explosion of leaked hydrogen.
    Preferably the pressure in the hazardous zone 21 is the same as the pressure of other zones of the HRS as well as the pressure outside the HRS during normal operation. In the situation where this is not the case, the pressure of the hazardous zone should be higher than the pressure of the non-hazardous zones 22 and the ambient pressure. This is because in case of leaking of hydrogen, the higher pressure in the hazardous zone will automatically facilitate venting the hazardous zone.
    Figure 2 further illustrates a plurality of deformation zones 19 the purpose of which is to deform i.e. break, crush, open or the like in case the pressure increase inside the HRS enclosure increases. Such increase could in an event be caused by an explosion inside the HRS enclosure. When referring to HRS enclosure reference is made to both dispenser module 13 and center module 11. Accordingly, the panels defining the enclosure of the dispenser module 13 may also comprise one or more deformation zones 19 similar to the center enclosure 11.
    Preferably, the deformation zone 19 facilitates an increase of the volume of the enclosure of the HRS when deformed. Further, it is very advantageous if one or more deformation zones 19 are provided at the HRS enclosure facilitating an opening (i.e. volume increase) in a predetermined direction of the HRS enclosure preferably upwards or backwards from the user.
    The deformation zones 19 may be designed in several of different ways. According to an embodiment of the invention the deformation zones 19 could be designed as hatches
    i.e. parts of a panel 17, 18 which is intended to deform e.g. blow away upon exposure of a blast wave.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    In an embodiment of the invention blow away could include open around a pair of hinges 27. Accordingly, one part of such hinge 27 is attached to a panel 17, 18 by safeguards 24 which initiate the opening of the hatch 19 when exposed to a certain pressure P2 which is lower that the pressure P3 required to deforming or “opening” a panel 17, 18 (where such panel 17, 18 is not designed to be opened).
    Hence pressure P3 is preferably also the pressure at which service doors 26 are opened however service doors 26 could be designed to open closer to pressure P2 that e.g. joints of panels 17, 18. Accordingly it is preferred that the service doors 26 are built to withstand a higher pressure than the deformation zones 19.
    In another embodiment of the invention the hatch 23 could pilotable mounted to a panel 17, 18. In this way the hatch 23 will open by turning around a center line of the hatch 23.
    In yet another embodiment of the invention the hatch 23 could be an entire panel 117, 8 such as the entire roof 18a or back panel 17c.
    Figure 3 illustrates the HRS 1 from a top view where accesses to components inside the HRS enclosure is obtained via service doors 26 illustrated by the dotted lines. Figure 3 illustrates service doors 26 at each of the side panels 17a, 17b, 17c however this may not be necessary. Instead or in addition one or more of the illustrated service doors 26 may serve as deformation zones 19 or a combination of service door 26 and deformation zone 19 in the form of a hatch 23.
    It should be stipulated that not all service doors 26 may be used as deformation zone
    19. Especially it is not preferred to use a service door 26 in the front panel 17a as a deformation zone 191. This is because a risk then occurs that persons in front of the
    HRS 1 is struck by parts escaping the HRS in case of an explosion where a deformation zone 19 such as a service door 26 faces towards the person. Hence the service doors
    DK 2018 70549 A1 not used as deformation zones 19 should be built and locked to withstand pressure which is higher than deformation zones 19 e.g. implemented as service doors.
    This risk however could be reduced or eliminated if a safety wall 33 e.g. a concrete wall is placed in from of such service door 26. Especially if such safety wall 33 is located close to the service door 26 which when opening will be stopped by the safety wall 33 and thereby direct the pressure / parts from the HRS enclosure in a certain direction. Such safety wall 33 could also be used to stop hatches 23 form opening and thereby guide a blast wave in a predetermined direction. It should be mentioned that such wall could be implemented as a column or pillar.
    When an explosion occurs at least two phenomes occurs which both are dealt with by the present invention. The first is the blast wave and the second is the pressure increase cause as a consequence of the increased temperature. The pressure inside the HRS enclosure is build up according to equation 1:
    [eq 1] P = j
    Where: P is pressure
    T is temperature
    V is volume
    Energy from an explosion is at least partly represented by heat. Therefore if the volume V is fixed inside the HRS enclosure the pressure P is going to increase with temperature T. Therefore, by increasing the volume V by opening a deformation zone 19 the pressure increase can be reduced. Here it should be mentioned that the deformation zone 19 is opened by the blast wave from the explosion hence it only opens when needed so to speak.
    Beside the volume increase facilitated by the open deformation zone 19, the deformation zone 19 has the advantage that it directs the blast wave in a predetermined direction. The predetermined direction is the direction of the panel 17,
    DK 2018 70549 A1 comprising the deformation zone 19 preferably this is the roof 18a and/or back panel 17c.
    It the attempt to reduce footprint components is often located on the roof 18a but also functions of a component may make a location outside the HRS enclosure advantageous. Such component could be the heat exchanger of the cooling system for cooling the hydrogen. In the case with the heat exchanger it covers a rather large area. Hence it might be necessary to mount the heat exchanger in a vertical positon to allow more area for a deformation zone 19. Alternatively, the heat exchanger cold be mounted on the deformation zone 19 in the form of a hatch 23 and move with the hatch 23 which most likely would destroy the heat exchanger.
    Now turning to the second phenomenon which is the blast wave. Figure 4 illustrates a HRS 1 in a side view having a deformation zone 19 implemented as a hatch 19 in the roof 18a. An explosion center 28 is illustrated inside the HRS the blast wave of which expands spherical from the center 28 illustrated by circles 29. Further, an inner panel 20 is illustrated lined with a deformation zone 19 in the form of a pressure absorbing panel 25.
    The blast wave 28 expands in every direction with the same magnitude and will continue towards the sides panels even if the roof hatch opens before the side panels are reached by the blast wave 28. Therefore, it is advantageous to line the side panels with a deformation zone 19. Further, it may be advantages to combine the illustrated deformation zone 19 with hatch like deformation zones 19 as the one described in the roof.
    Pressure absorbing panels 25 are as hatches 19 examples of deformation zones 12. It is especially advantageous when these two kinds of deformation zones 19 are working together in that it hereby becomes possible to design a directional volume increase of the HRS. A directional volume increase should be understood as a hatch in a predetermined panel preferably upwards in the roof of the HRS is designed to
    DK 2018 70549 A1 open prior to other openings such as service doors 26 or joints of the HRS enclosure. Hence as the pressure absorbing panels 25 are smoothening by the blast wave the hatch 23 opens increasing the volume.
    The hatch 23 was before it was struck by the blast wave circle 29 closed and secured by the safeguard 24 but when the pressure of the blast wave circle 29 exceeded the pressure limit of the safeguard 24 (preferably P2) it released the hatched 23 which then opened around the hinges 27 as illustrated.
    Figure 5 illustrates the effect of a pressure absorbing panel 25. The curve 30 illustrates the stress measured by the inner panel 20 (and other not illustrated panels 17, 18) from the blast wave circles 29 as the blast wave 29 works its way through the pressure absorbing panel 25. Hence it is seen that relatively quickly the maximum stress 31 is reached which continues until it hits the pressure absorbing material 25 which then stats to deform and at least when deformed completely the maximum stress 31 stats decreasing. This has happened at point 32 where the inner panel 20 is exposed to the entire stress provided by the blast wave 29 now reduced to level 32 between pressure P2 and P3 .
    The blast wave 29 peaks at 3 Ibefore it reaches the pressure absorbing panel 25 and at 32 when the blast wave 29 have worked its way through the pressure absorbing panel
    25. As can be seen without the pressure absorbing panel 25 the inner panel 20 would be hit by a blast wave 31 at pressure above P3. However it is seen that the size of the blast wave 32 is reduced on its way through the pressure absorbing panel 15 ending with a pressure between P2 and P3 at the inner panel 20.
    In the example illustrate in figure 5, the pressure at 32 is not enough to break through the panel 17, 18, 20 in that it is designed to resist the pressure P3 (higher than P2).
    Further it is noted that it is still high enough to deform a deformation zone 19 which is designed to deform at a pressure P2.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    It has turned out that Crushlite produced by Plascore is a suitable material for the pressure absorbing panel 25.
    From the above it is clear it is very advantageous to implement deformation zones 19 in the form of one or more hatched 23 in a HRS preferably in combination with pressure absorbing zones 25. Thereby is obtained the possibility to control the direction of a blast wave 29 away from a user of the HRS and at the same time reduce the increase of pressure built up by the heat from an explosion inside the HRS enclosure.
    Further, it is clear that if one or more deformation zones 19 implemented as one or more hatches 23 are not sufficient a combination with lining of at least part of the panels 17, 18, 20 with power absorbing panels 25 increases the safety and control of the blast wave 29.
    Thereby the present invention describes means for facilitating a reduction of foot print and cost of materials without compromising safety in relation to handling consequences of an explosion.
    If not clear from the above it should be mentioned that the embodiments described and illustrated in the figures can be combined in any desired way to obtain the most secure HRS.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    List of reference numbers
    1. Hydrogen Refueling station (HRS)
    2. Vessel
    3. Vehicle
    4. Hydrogen supply
    5. Hydrogen supply
    6. Hydrogen supply
    7. Hydrogen supply
    8. Compressor
    9. Cooling system
    10. Control and monitoring device
    11. Center module
    12. Process controller
    13. Dispenser module
    14. Hose
    15. Dispenser
    16. Supply line
    17. Vertical (side) panels
    18. Horizontal (bottom and roof) panels
    19. Deformation zones
    20. Inner panel
    21. Hazardous zone
    22. Non-hazardous zone
    23. Hatch
    24. Safeguard
    25. Pressure absorbing panel
    26. Service door
    27. Hinge
    28. Center of explosion
    29. Blast wave
    30. Pressure curve
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    31. Max pressure before pressure absorbing panel
    32. Max pressure after pressure absorbing panel
    33. Safety wall
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] Claims
    1. A HRS (1) for filling a vessel (2) of a vehicle (3) with hydrogen, the HRS (1) comprising:
    a hydrogen supply a hydrogen outlet fluidly connectable to the vessel (2) of the vehicle (3), and a process controller (12) configured for monitoring and controlling the operation of the HRS (1), a center module (11) comprising a plurality of substantially vertical side panels (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d) and a plurality of substantially horizontal panels (18a, 18b), and a dispenser module (13) fluidly connected to the center module (11) by a supply line (16), wherein the HRS 1 is characterized in that it is provided with at least one deformation zone (19).
    [2] 2. A HRS 1 according to claim 1, wherein the at least one deformation zones (19) is part of the enclosure of the dispenser module (13).
    [3] 3. A HRS 1 according to claim 1, wherein the at least one deformation zone (19) is part of the panels (17, 18) of the center module (11).
    [4] 4. A HRS (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the pressure resistance of the at least one deformation zone (19) is P2 and the pressure resistance of the vertical (17) and horizontal panels (18) is P3 and wherein the pressure P3 is higher than the pressure P2.
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    [5] 5. A HRS 1 according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one deformation zone (19) is implemented as a hatch (23) connected to one of the panels (17, 18) by one or more hinges (27) and / or one or more safeguards (24).
    [6] 6. A HRS (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein components on the roof of the HRS (1) is positioned vertical.
    [7] 7. A HRS (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the at least on deformation zones (19) is implemented as a pressure absorbing panel (25) at least partly lining at least one of the vertical side panels (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d) and wherein at least one of the of the at least one deformation zone (19) is implemented as a hatch (23).
    [8] 8. A HRS (1) according to claim 7, wherein the pressure absorbing panels (25) only absorbs pressure from a first blast wave from an explosion.
    [9] 9. A HRS 1 according to any of the claims 7-8, wherein the thickness of the pressure absorbing panel (25) lining a vertical and/or horizontal panel (17, 18) varies over the area it covers of the vertical and/or horizontal panels (17, 18).
    [10] 10. Use of a hatch (23) designed to open at a pressure P2 and thereby preventing a pressure to increase inside a hydrogen refueling station center module (11) above the pressure P2, wherein the center module (11) comprising a plurality of substantially vertical side panels (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d) and a plurality of substantially horizontal panels (18a, 18b) the pressure resistance of which panels (17, 18) is pressure P3, wherein the hatch (23) is located in one of the panels (17, 18), and wherein the pressure P3 is higher than the pressure P2.
    DK 2018 70549 A1

    DK 2018 70549 A1

    DK 2018 70549 A1

    18b
    DK 2018 70549 A1
    4/4
    17, 18, 20
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2017148480A1|2017-09-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US6810925B2|2002-01-10|2004-11-02|General Hydrogen Corporation|Hydrogen fueling station|
    FR2947539B1|2009-07-03|2015-06-26|Tokheim Holding Bv|SAFETY DEVICE FOR A DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS |
    FR3001789B1|2013-02-01|2015-01-16|Air Liquide|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE RISK OF EXPLOSION IN AN ENCLOSURE|
    法律状态:
    2018-09-12| PAT| Application published|Effective date: 20180823 |
    2020-06-19| PHB| Application deemed withdrawn due to non-payment or other reasons|Effective date: 20200511 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DKPA201600135|2016-03-02|
    DKPA201600135|2016-03-02|
    PCT/DK2017/050038|WO2017148480A1|2016-03-02|2017-02-14|Controlling direction of blast wave in a hydrogen refueling station|
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