• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A shredding machine (2) for bales (4, 4', 4'', 4''') of straw or hay having a length (W2), said shredding machine (2) comprising a shredding section (46) comprising one or more rotatably arranged rotary rakes (10, 10') and a conveyor (20) configured to convoy bales (4, 4', 4'', 4''') along the longitudinal axis (Y) of the conveyor (20) towards the shredding section (46). The length (W3) of the rotary rakes (10, 10') is larger than the length (W2) of the bales (4, 4', 4'', 4'''). The shredding machine (2) according to the invention, is capable of delivering loosened straw or hay in a manner in which the heating value varies less than the prior art shredding machine as function of time.
    公开号:DK201700625A1
    申请号:DKP201700625
    申请日:2017-11-07
    公开日:2019-05-15
    发明作者:Nielsen Henrik
    申请人:BioMaTek ApS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Shredding Machine for Bales of Straw and Hay
    Field of invention
    The present invention relates to a shredding machine for bales of strav and hay. The present invention also relates to a shredding machim having an integrated string cutter.
    Prior art
    Apparatuses for shredding bales of straw and hay are often referred ti as shredding machines. Shredding machines are well-known am typically comprise two or three rotatably mounted rotary rake: arranged to receive a bale being convoyed towards the rakes by mean of a conveying system.
    Normally, the strings are cut before the bales enter the rotary rakes b’ means of a dedicated string cutter or manually by hand. Accordingly the prior art solutions require two separate machines; one for cuttim and collecting the string and another for shredding bales. Accordingly, i would be an advantage to have a single machine capable of both cuttim the string and shredding bales.
    In straw-fired power plants the loosened straw is fed into a furnace e.g by means of screw feeders. Since each individual bale comprises < plurality of different compressed layers of straw, however arranged ii the end of each other and since the different layers typically original· from different areas of a field, the heating value, density, water conten and rigidness can vary greatly from layer to layer. This causes unevei heating value and increased emissions. In the prior art shreddim machines, the layers of the bales enter the rotary rakes one by one This means that the power output varies widely as function of time du< to the varying heating value and density among the layers.
    Accordingly, it would be an advantage to have a shredding machine
    DK 2017 00625 A1 that is capable of delivering loosened straw in a manner in which thi heating value does not vary much as function of time.
    The prior art shredding machines are not configured to handle bales o different heights. Accordingly, an extensive manual change of setting (mechanical adjustments) is required if a prior art shredding machine i required to handle a bale of a different height than the one th< shredding machine is setup to handle. Accordingly, it would be desirabl· to have a shredding machine which is capable of handling bales o different heights.
    It is an object of the present invention to provide a shredding that i capable of reducing or even eliminating the disadvantages describe! above in known types of shredding machines, by:
    eliminating the need off having a single machine for cutting thi strings and another machine for shredding bales and/or providing a shredding machine capable of delivering loosened strav in a manner, in which the heating value does not vary much a function of time and/or providing a shredding machine capable of handling bales of differen heights and/or enabling an optimized burning process that enables a reduction o the emission of greenhouse gases.
    Summary of the invention
    The object of the present invention can be achieved by a shreddini machine as defined in claim 1. Preferred embodiments are defined ii the dependent subclaims, explained in the following description, an< illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
    The shredding machine according to the invention is a shreddini machine for bales of straw or hay having a length, said shreddini machine comprising a shredding section comprising one or mon
    DK 2017 00625 A1 rotatably arranged rotary rakes and a conveyor configured to convo> bales along the longitudinal axis of the conveyor towards the shreddinc section, wherein the length of the rotary rakes is larger than the lengtf of the bales.
    Hereby, it is possible to provide a shredding machine that is capable o delivering loosened straw or hay in a manner in which the heating valu« varies less than the prior art shredding machine as function of time Accordingly, the burning process may be optimized enabling a reductior of the emission of greenhouse gases.
    The shredding machine is suitable of shredding bales of straw or hay Said bales have a length representing the longest side of the bale. Th« prior art shredding machine are configured to receive the shortest side (the width) of the bales and shred a single layer at a time.
    The shredding machine according to the invention comprises é shredding section comprising one or more rotatably arranged rotan rakes. In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the shredding section comprises two or three rotatably arranged rotan rakes. The rotary rakes are preferably connected to a motor configurec to rotate the rotary rakes.
    In one embodiment according to the invention the rotary rakes an arranged to rotate in the same direction (e.g. anticlockwise).
    In another embodiment according to the invention the rotary rakes an arranged to rotate in opposite directions relative to each other.
    The shredding machine according to the invention comprises a conveyo configured to convoy bales along the longitudinal axis of the conveyo towards the shredding section. The conveyor may comprise a motor e.g. an electrical motor or hydraulic motor arranged and configured tc
    DK 2017 00625 A1 drive the conveyor. The conveyor may comprise a conveyor belt.
    The conveyor is configured to convoy bales along the longitudinal axh of the conveyor towards the shredding section in a manner in which th< longitudinal axis of the bales extends parallel to the rotary rakes.
    The length of the rotary rakes is larger than the length of the bales Hereby, it is possible to shred the bale while its length extends paralle to the rotary rakes. Accordingly, the shredding machine will shrec material from all layers of the bale at the same time. Thereby, it h possible to deliver loosened straw or hay that is more homogenous witf respect to the heating value than the prior art shredding machines.
    It may be advantageous that the shredding machine comprises ar integrated cutting member arranged to cut one or more strings of the bales.
    Hereby, it is possible to eliminate the need off having a single machim for cutting the strings and another machine for shredding bales.
    It may be advantageous that the shredding machine comprises ar integrated cutting member arranged to cut and collect one or mon strings of the bales.
    Hereby, it is possible to eliminate the need off having a single machim for cutting and collecting the strings and another machine for shreddim bales.
    The cutting member may be any type of cutting member suitable fo cutting the strings of the bales. It may be preferred that the cuttim means are arranged to cut the strings on a continuous basis (so that al strings are automatically cut by means of the cutting member).
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    The cutting member is preferably movably mounted so that its vertica position can be varied.
    Hereby, it is possible to provide a shredding machine capable o handling bales of different heights without adjusting the machine.
    It may be beneficial that the shredding machine comprises a detectior unit configured to detect the vertical position of one of the bales wherein the shredding machine further comprises an actuator arrangec and configured to move the cutting member vertically on the basis o the vertical position of one of the bales hereby bringing the cuttinc member in a position in which the cutting member can cut one or mon strings of the bales.
    Hereby, it is possible to cut the stings of bales having different height· by using the cutting member and controlling its vertical position on the basis of the detected vertical position of the bale having the strings tha are to be cut.
    In one embodiment according to the invention the shredding machim comprises a cutting member comprising an annular knife membe rotatably mounted on an arm that is movably mounted to a suppor structure.
    It may be preferred that the shredding machine comprises a cuttinc member comprising an annular knife member rotatably mounted on ar arm that is rotatably attached to support structure, in such a manne that the annular knife member can be kept in contact with th< uppermost portion of the bales even when the height of the bales vary.
    In one embodiment according to the invention the shredding machim comprises a cutting member comprising an annular knife membe rotatably mounted on an arm that is rotatably attached to suppor
    DK 2017 00625 A1 structure, wherein a force providing structure (e.g. a spring) is appliec to provide a force onto the knife member towards the bale into whicl· the knife member is brought into contact, wherein the force providinc structure is configured to exert a force towards the knife membe sufficiently large to allow the knife member to cut the strings of the bale, into which the knife member is brought into contact.
    In particular, it may be advantageous that the shredding machine comprises a detection unit configured to detect the vertical position o the uppermost part of one of the bales, preferably the bale arrangec closest to the shredding section. Hereby, it is possible to align the cutting member and the uppermost part of one of the bales Accordingly, the cutter member will be arranged to cut the string in the upper portion of the bale.
    It may be ad advantage that the cutter member is arranged to cut the string extending along the uppermost part of the bale.
    The shredding machine further comprises an actuator arranged anc configured to move the cutting member vertically on the basis of the vertical position of one of the bales hereby bringing the cutting membe in a position in which the cutting member can cut one or more strings o the bales.
    The actuator may be an electrical actuator e.g. a linear actuator.
    The actuator may be a hydraulic or a pneumatic actuator.
    The shredding machine preferably comprises a control unit configurec to control the actuator on the basis of one or more detectec parameters. These parameters may be provided by one or more sensors or one or more encoders configured to measure motion o position.
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the shreddin« machine preferably comprises a control unit and an encoder comprisin« one or more optical sensors to provide electrical signals, which can, ii turn, be translated into position and/or motion and/or direction.
    It may be beneficial that the shredding machine comprises a strin« collector configured to collect the stings cut by the cutting member.
    Hereby, it is possible to collect the cut strings hereby avoiding that th« strings are mixed with the shredded straw or hay.
    It may be an advantage that the string collector is arranged below th« lowermost portion of the bales when the bales are arranged on th< conveyor.
    It may be advantageous that the string collector is attached to th< conveyor or to a structure arranged under the conveyor.
    In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the strini collector extends along the longitudinal axis of the conveyor.
    It may be an advantage that the string collector is movably attache« relative to the conveyor.
    In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, the strini collector comprises a collection structure that is slidably arranged on ai arm.
    Alternatively, the string collector comprises a collection structure that i slidably arranged on an elongated arm with two parallel hooks attache« to the distal end and rotatably attached to the underside of th« conveyor.
    It may be beneficial that the arm is moveably, preferably rotatably
    DK 2017 00625 A1 attached to the conveyor or a structure attached thereto. Accordingly the arm may be arranged in a position in which the arm has an incline« orientation. Hereby, the collected strings can move downwards from < first position towards a second position being closer to the free end o the arm than the first position (by means of gravity). The collecte« strings can be collected from the second (and lowermost) position.
    It may be advantageous that the cutting member of the string cutter i arranged to cut the string of the bale brought into contact with th< rotary rakes. Hereby, it is possible to transport the bales towards th< rotary rakes and cut the string just before the bale is being shredded Accordingly, the bales will be intact until the last moment just befor« they are to be shredded by the rotary rakes.
    It may be beneficial that the shredding machine comprises a collectioi structure that is slidably arranged on an arm being rotatably attache« at the underside of the conveyor by means of an attachment structure Hereby, it is possible to change the orientation of the arm member an« apply gravity to displace the collection structure downwards along th« arm member into a position, from which the collected strings can bi collected.
    It may be an advantage that the collection structure comprises an L shaped structure configured to collect the strings that have been cut b’ the string cutter. By applying an L-shaped structure to collect the cu strings it is possible to catch the cut strings by means of the diste portion of the L-shaped structure and apply the proximal portion of th« L-shaped structure to prevent the strings from moving further toward the shredding section.
    It may be advantageous that the distal portion of the L-shape« structure is pointed.
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    The angle between the distal portion and the proximal portion may b< 90-160 degrees, preferably 100-145 degrees such as 105-130 degrees.
    In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the distal portioi of the L-shaped structure is angled 30-80 degrees, preferably 40-7( degrees, such as 45-60 degrees relative to vertical when the L-shapei structure is arranged in the position, in which the L-shaped structure i used to collect cut strings.
    The objects of the invention can be achieved by a method for shreddini bales of straw or hay having a length, said method comprising thi following steps:
    - shredding machine comprising:
    a shredding section comprising one or more rotatabl· arranged rotary rakes;
    a conveyor configured to convoy bales along the longitudine axis of the conveyor towards the shredding section, wherein the length of the rotary rakes is larger than the length of th< bales.
    Hereby, it is possible to deliver loosened straw or hay in a manner, ii which the heating value varies less than the prior art shredding machim as function of time. Accordingly, the burning process may be optimize! enabling a reduction of the emission of greenhouse gases.
    It may be an advantage that the method comprising the step of cuttini one or more strings of the bales by using the shredding machim comprises an integrated cutting member arranged to cut one or mon strings of the bales.
    Hereby, it is possible to eliminate the need for applying a singl· machine for cutting the strings and another machine for shreddini bales.
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    It may be beneficial that the method comprising the step of cutting one or more strings of the bales by using the shredding machine comprise: an integrated cutting member arranged to cut and collect one or mon strings of the bales.
    Hereby, it is possible to eliminate the need for applying a single machine for cutting and collecting the strings and another machine fo shredding bales.
    Description of the Drawings
    The invention will become more fully understood from the detailec description given herein below. The accompanying drawings are giver by way of illustration only, and thus, they are not limitative of th< present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
    Fig. 1A shows a perspective top view of a shredding machim according to the invention;
    Fig. IB shows a side view of the shredding machine shown in Fig 1A;
    Fig. 2A shows a top view of the shredding machine shown in Fig 1A and Fig. IB;
    Fig. 2B shows a perspective bottom view of the shredding machim shown in Fig. 1A;
    Fig. 3A shows a schematic view of a prior art shredding machine;
    Fig. 3B shows a schematic view of a shredding machine accordinc to the invention;
    Fig. 4A shows a side view of a shredding machine according to the invention;
    Fig. 4B shows a bottom view of the shredding machine shown ir Fig. 4A;
    Fig. 5A shows a perspective view of a bale of straw or hay;
    Fig. 5B shows a side view of a shredding machine according to the invention arranged next to a strawfired boiler
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    Fig. 6A shows a side view of a shredding machine according to th« invention comprising a rotatory arm;
    Fig. 6B shows a perspective bottom view of the shredding machine shown in Fig. 6A;
    Fig. 7A shows a perspective bottom view of the shredding machine shown in Fig. 6A, wherein the rotatory arm is arranged it another configuration;
    Fig. 7B shows a side view of the shredding machine shown in Fig 6A, wherein the rotatory arm extends horizontally;
    Fig. 8A shows a perspective bottom view of the shredding machine shown in Fig. 7B and
    Fig. 8B shows a perspective bottom view of the shredding machine shown in Fig. 6A.
    Detailed description of the invention
    Referring now in detail to the drawings for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention, a shredding machine ; of the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 1A.
    Fig. 1A illustrates a perspective top view of a shredding machine ; according to the invention. The shredding machine 2 is configured t< shred bales of straw or hay. In particular, this is important when bale: of straw or hay are burnt in a biomass-fired power plant, in which th« loosened straw or hay is fed into a furnace.
    The shredding machine 2 comprises a conveyor 20 supported by ι plurality of legs 16, 18. In a preferred embodiment according to th« invention, the conveyor 20 is motorised and capable of convoying bale: 4, 4', 4, 4' along the longitudinal axis Y of the conveyor 20 in ths indicated direction D.
    Each bale 4, 4', 4, 4' comprises a plurality of different compresse<
    layers of straw or hay (as shown in Fig. 3A, Fig. 3B and Fig. 5A
    DK 2017 00625 A1 arranged in a layered configuration. The different layers typically originate from different areas of a field and thus the heating value car vary greatly from layer to layer. In the prior art shredding machines the layers of the bales enter the rotary rakes one by one. This means that the power output varies widely as function of time due to the varying heating among the layers.
    The shredding machine 2 according to the invention comprises a firs’ rotary rake 10 and a second rotary rake 10' arranged below the firs rotary rake 10 and extending parallel thereto. The first rotary rake 1( has a shaft 12 extending parallel to the shaft 12' of the second rotary rake 10'. The length W3 of the first rotary rake 10 corresponds to th« width of the second rotary rake 10'. It can be seen, that the length W: of the first rotary rake 10 is larger than the length W2 of the bales 4, 4' 4, 4. Accordingly, the shredding machine 2 according to the inventior is capable of shredding bales 4, 4', 4, 4 in a manner, in which longes’ side (having the length W2) extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 0 the rotary rakes 10, 10'. Therefore, the shredding machine 2 accordinc to the invention is shredding through all the different layers at the same time. Accordingly, the shredded hay or straw will be a mix originatinc from the different layers. Hereby, it is possible to deliver shredded ha^ or straw mixed in such a manner that the power output is relative constant as function. Accordingly, the shredding machine 2 according tc the invention can ensure that a steady power output is produced by e power plant applying the shredding machine 2 for shredding bales 0 hay or straw.
    A plurality of bales 4, 4', 4, 4' are arranged on the conveyor 20. The bales 4, 4', 4, 4' have longitudinal axes X, X', X, X', respectively The longitudinal axes X, X', X, X' of bales 4, 4', 4, 4' extenc perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Y of the conveyor 20.
    Each bale 4, 4', 4, 4' is surrounded by one or more strings 22. The
    DK 2017 00625 A1 strings 22 are cut before the bales 4, 4', 4, 4' are brought into contacl with the rotary rakes 10, 10', by means of a dedicated string cutter comprising a cutting member 14 rotatably attached to a rod 15. In Fig, 1A the string cutter cuts the stings 22 of the bale 4' arranged closesl to the rotary rakes 10, 10'.
    In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the shreddinc machine 2 comprises:
    a) a detection unit (not shown) configured to detect the vertica position of the uppermost portion of the bale 4' arranged closest to the rotary rakes 10, 10' and
    b) an actuator configured to change the vertical position of the string cutter in order to allow the strings 22 of bales 4, 4', 4, 4 of different heights Hi, H2 to be cut by means of the string cutter.
    The first bale 4 and the third bale 4 has a length W2, a height Hi and c width Wi. The second bale 4' has a length W2 corresponding to the length of the first bale 4 and a height H2 that is larger than the heighl Hi of the first bale 4.
    Whereas the prior art solutions require two separate machines, i.e. one for cutting the string and another for shredding bales, the shreddinc machine 2 according to the invention is capable of both cutting the strings 22 and shredding bales 4, 4', 4, 4'.
    Fig. IB illustrates a side view of the shredding machine 2 shown in Fig,
    1A. The shredding machine 2 is capable of handling bales 4, 4', 4, 4 of different heights Hi, H2. It can be seen, that the first bale 4 and the third bale 4 have a first height Hi that is smaller than the height H2 oi the second bale 4' and the bale 4' brought into contact with the rotary rakes 10, 10'.
    The cutting member 14 of the string cutter is cutting the string 22 ol
    DK 2017 00625 A1 the bale A' brought into contact with the rotary rakes 10, 10'. i collection structure 8 is slidably arranged on an arm 6 configured to b« rotatably attached at the underside of the conveyor 20 by means of ar attachment structure 28. The collection structure 8 comprises an L shaped pointed structure configured to collect the strings 22 that have been cut by the string cutter. Accordingly, the strings 22 are not mixec with the remaining structures of the bales 4, 4', 4, A'. The arm 6 ont( which the collection structure 8 is slidably arranged is angled relative tc horizontal. Accordingly, the inclined orientation of the arm 6 will allov all of the collected strings 22 to move downwards from a first position towards a second position II at the free end of the arm 6 (by means o gravity), from where they can be removed. Even though that, in Fig. IE the arm is not attached to the underside of the conveyor 20, the arm ( is configured to be attached to the underside of the conveyor 20 (a: shown in Fig. 2B).
    Fig. 2A illustrates a top view of the shredding machine 2 shown in Fig 1A and Fig. IB. It can be seen, that the length W3 of the first rotap rake 10 is larger than the length W2 of the bales 4, 4', 4, 4. Therefore the shredding machine 2 according to the invention is capable 0 shredding bales 4, 4', 4, 4 in a way, in which the bales 4, 4', 4, A' i: shredded from all the different layers at the same time so that th« shredded hay or straw will be a mix originating from the differen layers. Therefore, the shredding machine 2 according to the inventior can ensure that a steady power output is produced by a power plan applying the shredding machine 2 for shredding bales of hay or straw.
    It can be seen that the first rotary rake 10 has a shaft 12 protrudinc from the ends of the first rotary rake 10, whereas the second rotap rake arranged under the first rotary rake 10 has a shaft 12' protrudinc from the ends of the second rotary rake.
    Fig. 2B illustrates a perspective bottom view of the shredding machine <
    DK 2017 00625 A1 shown in Fig. 1A and Fig. 2A. The shredding machine 2 is configured tc shred bales of straw or hay and comprises a conveyor 20 supported b' a plurality of legs 16, 18. The conveyor 20 may be motorised or may b( capable of convoying bales 4, 4', 4, A' along the longitudinal axis o the conveyor 20 upon being pushed towards the shredding section 4( either manually or by means of a dedicated unit.
    Each bale 4, 4', 4, A' comprises a plurality of different compressec layers of straw or hay that may originate from different areas of a field.
    The shredding machine 2 comprises a first rotary rake 10 and a seconc rotary rake 10' extending parallel to the first rotary rake 10 and beim arranged below it. The first rotary rake 10 has a shaft 12 extending parallel to the shaft 12' of the second rotary rake 10'. The length W3 o the first rotary rake 10 corresponds to the width of the second rotan rake 10'. Since the length W3 of the first rotary rake 10 is larger thar the length W2 of the bales 4, 4', 4, 4, the shredding machine i: configured to shred bales 4, 4', 4, 4 in a manner, in which the longes side (having the length) extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotary rakes 10, 10'. Thus, the shredding machine 2 is shreddim material from all the different layers at the same time so that the shredded hay or straw will be a mix originating from the differen layers. For that reason, the shredding machine 2 is adapted to delive shredded hay or straw mixed in such a manner that the power output i: relative constant as function.
    A plurality of bales 4, 4', 4, A' are placed on the conveyor 20. 7 plurality of strings 22 are used to cord each bale 4, 4', 4, 4'. Th« strings 22 are cut by means of a dedicated string cutter before the bales 4, 4', 4, A' are brought into contact with the rotary rakes 10
    10'.
    The first bale 4 and the third bale 4 have a height Hi, whereas the
    DK 2017 00625 A1 second bale 4' has a height H2 that is larger than the height Hi of the first bale 4. The shredding machine 2 is configured to handle bales 4, 4', 4, 4' of different heights Hi, H2 and cut the strings 22 by means o1 a dedicated string cutter that is moveably arranged and is capable o1 being arranged in a predefined vertical position (e.g. at the top portior of the bale 4, 4', 4, 4') relative to the top portion of the bale 4, 4', 4, 4'.
    It is, however, possible to arrange the string cutter at the bottom portion of the bales 4, 4', 4, 4' or at a side portion of one of the bales 4 4'z 4”z 4'”
    Fig. 3A illustrates a schematic view of a prior art shredding machine comprising two rotary rakes 10, 10' for shredding a bale 4 having c plurality of different compressed layers Li, L2, L3, U, L5, Lq, L7, Ls o1 straw or hay. The layers Li, L2, L3, U, L5, Lq, L7, Ls are arranged ir extension of each other and since the different layers typically originate from different areas of a field, the heating value can vary greatly from layer to layer. In the prior art shredding machine, the layers Li, L2, L3, 1-4, L5, Lö, L7, Ls of the bale 4 enter the rotary rakes 10, 10' one by one. Since the layers Li, L2, L3, L4, L5, Lq, L7, Ls are shredded one by one anc the different layers originate from different areas of a field, the heatinc value can vary greatly from layer to layer.
    Fig. 3B illustrates a schematic view of a shredding machine 2 accordinc to the invention. The shredding machine 2 comprises a shreddinc section 46 comprising a first rotary rake 10 and a second rotary rake 10' arranged below the first rotary rake 10 and extending paralle thereto. The width of the first rotary rake 10 and the second rotary rake 10' are larger than the length (the largest side) of the bale 4, Accordingly, the shredding machine 2 is capable of shredding the bale 4 having a plurality of layers Li, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, Ls, Lg, Li0 in c manner, in which the longest side (having the length) extends paralle
    DK 2017 00625 A1 to the longitudinal axis of the rotary rakes 10, 10'. Consequently, the shredding machine 2 according to the invention is shredding the bale z from all the different layers at the same time. Therefore, the shreddec hay or straw will be a mix originating from the different layers. Hereby it is possible to deliver shredded hay or straw mixed in such a manne that the power output varies is relative constant as function Accordingly, the shredding machine 2 according to the invention car ensure that a steady power output is produced by a power plan applying the shredding machine 2 for shredding bales 4 of hay or straw,
    Fig. 4A illustrates a side view of a shredding machine 2 according to the invention. The shredding machine 2 corresponds to the one shown ir Fig. IB and is capable of handling bales 4, 4' of different heights Hi, H2 It can be seen that the first bale 4 has a first height Hi that is smalle than the height H2 of the second bale 4' and the bale 4' brought intc contact with the rotary rakes 10, 10' of the shredding section 46.
    The cutting member 14 of the string cutter is cutting the string 22 0 the bale 4' brought into contact with the rotary rakes 10, 10'. / collection structure 8 is slidably arranged on an arm 6 rotatabh attached at the underside of the conveyor 20 by means of ar attachment structure 28 protruding from a plate 24 arranged at the underside of the conveyor 20. The collection structure 8 comprises ar L-shaped pointed structure configured to collect the strings 22 tha have been cut by the string cutter. Therefore, the strings 22 are no mixed with the remaining structures of the bales 4, 4', 4'. The arm ( onto which the collection structure 8 is slidably arranged extend; basically parallel to the conveyor 20 that extends parallel to horizontal. Fig. 4B illustrates a bottom view of the shredding shown 2 in Fig. 4A The length W3 of the first rotary rake 10 having a shaft 12 correspond; to the width of the second rotary rake 10' having a shaft 12'. It can b( seen that the length W3 of the shredding section 46 and thus the firs rotary rake 10 is larger than the length of the bales 4, 4', 4, 4. Hence
    DK 2017 00625 A1 the shredding machine 2 is capable of shredding the bales 4, 4', 4, 4‘ in a manner, in which the longest side (having the length) extendi parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotary rakes 10, 10'
    Consequently, the shredding machine 2 is shredding through all th« different layers at the same time.
    A collection structure 8 is slidably arranged on a horizontally extendinc arm 6 rotatably attached at the underside of the conveyor 20 by mean: of an attachment structure 28 protruding from a plate 24 arranged a the underside of the conveyor 20. A rod 30 protrudes from th« attachment structure 28 and extends horizontally in a distance belov the plate 24.
    Fig. 5A illustrates a perspective view of a prior art bale 4 of straw o hay. The bale 4 is box-shaped and comprises ten layers Li, l_2, L3, U, L5 Lö, L7, Ls, Lg, Lio arranged in extension of each other. The bale 4 has ι length W2, a height Hi and a width Wi. A plurality of strings 22 are usee to cord the bale 4.
    Fig. 5B illustrates a side view of a shredding machine 2 according to the invention arranged next to a straw fired boiler 44. The shreddin« machine 2 comprises a shredding section 46 provided with a first rotap rake 10 and a second rotary rake 10'. A bale 4 is brought into contac with the rotary rakes 10, 10'.
    The boiler 44 comprises a burn chamber 34 provided above a botton structure 40 having a primarily air inlet duct 38 for introducing air tc the fire 36 inside the chamber 34.
    The straw shredded by means of the shredding machine 2 is guided intc the chamber 34 through a tube 32 extending from the shreddin« section 46 to the chamber 34. An ash outlet duct 42 is provided in th« bottom end of the chamber 34.
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    The shredding machine 2 comprises a shredding section provided witl rotary rakes 10, 10' having a width that is larger than the length of thi bale 4. Accordingly, the shredding machine 2 according to the inventior is adapted to shredding bales 4 in a manner, in which the longest side extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotary rakes 10, 10'.
    Thus, the shredding machine 2 according to the invention is shreddinc through all the different layers at the same time. Accordingly, the shredded hay or straw will be a mix originating from the differen layers. Hereby, it is possible to deliver shredded hay or straw mixed ir such a manner that the heating value does not vary much as function o time.
    Accordingly, the shredding machine 2 according to the inventior ensures that a steady power output is produced by the boiler 44.
    Fig. 6A illustrates a side view of a shredding machine 2 according to the invention comprising a rotatory arm 48 arranged and configured t( collect cut strings 22 from the bales 4, 4', 4, 4' handled by the shredding machine 2. The bales 4, 4', 4, 4' are conveyed along é conveyor 20 being supported by ground engaging support structure; 16, 18 formed as legs 16, 18. The shredding machine 2 comprises < shredding section 46 comprising a first rotary rake 10 and a seconc rotary rake 10' arranged below the first rotary rake 10 and extending parallel thereto. The first rotary rake 10 has a shaft 12 extending parallel to the shaft 12' of the second rotary rake 10'. Each shaft 12, L· is rotatably attached to bracket 64, 64' attached to a connectior structure 68, 68' forming part of a support member 66 arranged tc support the shredding section 46.
    The shredding section 46 comprises an elongated member (a rod) 5( that is rotatably mounted to a structure of the conveyor 20 (or attachec thereto) by means of a shaft 62. The shredding section 46 furthe
    DK 2017 00625 A1 comprises a hook 52 (or preferably two parallel hooks) rotatabh attached to the distal end of the elongated member 50.
    An actuator comprising a hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical cylinder 5z and a piston (not shown) connected to a piston rod 56 being slidabh mounted in the cylinder 54. The actuator is arranged and configured t( rotate the hook 52 (or hooks) with respect to a pivot 58 by means o which the hook 52 (or hooks) is rotatably attached to the elongate! member 50. The shaft 62 is mechanically connected to a moto configured to rotate the shaft 62 and hereby rotate the elongate! member 50 with respect to the shaft 62.
    Fig. 6B illustrates a perspective bottom view of the shredding machim shown 2 in Fig. 6A. It can be seen that the rotatory arm 48 is closed ir order to hold on the cut strings 22. Hereafter, the strings 22 are read' to be pulled free of the stop member 60 that is arranged to prevent the strings 22 from falling down to the ground. The stop member 60 is in ι locked position preventing the strings 22 from being pulled downward: when the rotatory arm 48 is rotating. This creates a pulley effect where the string 22 slide through the hooks of the rotatory arm 48, giving the double lenght of the string 22 being pulled from the bale 4'. When the rotatory arm 48 has been rotated 180 degrees the stop member 6( releases, whereby the middle part of the string 22 drops free. All the strings 22 are now hanging freely from the hooks of the rotatory arn 48 and can be relieved into a container (not shown).
    Fig. 7A illustrates a perspective bottom view of the shredding machine shown 2 in Fig. 6A, wherein the rotatory arm 48 is arranged in anothe configuration, in which the strings 22 collected by the rotatory arm 41 are to be released (by opening the hook(s) 52).
    Fig. 7B illustrates a side view of the shredding machine 2 shown in Fig
    6A, wherein the rotatory arm 48 extends horizontally, wherein th!
    DK 2017 00625 A1 hook(s) 52 are opened, whereby the strings 22 have been released Prior to that, the stop member has been released to let the middle par of the strings 22 fall down.
    Fig. 8A illustrates a perspective bottom view of the shredding machin shown in Fig. 7B.
    Fig. 8B illustrates a perspective bottom view of the shredding machine shown in Fig. 6A, wherein the rotatory arm 48 is arranged in configuration in which it is ready to catch cut strings from the bale 4'.
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    List of reference numerals
    2Shredding machine4 4” 4z 4'Bale6Arm8Collection structure10, 10'Rotary rakes12, 12'Shaft14Cutting member15Rod16, 18Support structure20Conveyor22String24Plate28Attachment structure30Rod32Tube34Chamber36Fire38Inlet duct40Bottom structure42Ash outlet duct44Boiler46Shredding section48Rotatory arm50Elongated member (rod52Hook54Cylinder56Piston rod58Pivot60Stop member62Shaft64, 64'Bracket66Support member
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    68, 68'Connection struWiWidthW2, W3 LengthHi, H2 HeightLi, L2, L3, Lj, L5LayerLö, L7, Ls, Lg, LioLayerDDirectioni, πPositionX, X', X, X'Longitudinal axiYLongitudinal axi
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] Claims
    1. A shredding machine (2) for bales (4, 4', 4, 4') of straw or ha> having a length (W2), said shredding machine (2) comprising:
    - a shredding section (46) comprising one or more rotatably arranger rotary rakes (10, 10') and
    - a conveyor (20) configured to convoy bales (4, 4', 4, 4') along th« longitudinal axis (Y) of the conveyor (20) towards the shreddin« section (46), characterised in that the length (W3) of the rotary rakes (10, 10') i: larger than the length (W2) of the bales (4, 4', 4, 4').
    [2] 2. A shredding machine (2) according to claim 1, characterised in tha the shredding machine (2) comprises an integrated cutting membe (14) arranged to cut one or more strings (22) of the bales (4, 4', 4 4').
    [3] 3. A shredding machine (2) according to claim 2, characterised in tha the shredding machine (2) comprises a detection unit configured tc detect the vertical position of one of the bales (4, 4', 4, 4'), whereir the shredding machine (2) further comprises an actuator arranged anc configured to move the cutting member (14) vertically on the basis 0 the vertical position of one of the bales (4, 4', 4, 4') hereby bringin« the cutting member (14) in a position in which the cutting member (14 can cut one or more strings (22) of the bales (4, 4', 4, 4').
    [4] 4. A shredding machine (2) according to one of the preceding claims 2 3, characterised in that the shredding machine (2) comprises a strin« collector configured to collect the stings (22) cut by the cutting membe (14).
    [5] 5. A shredding machine (2) according to claim 4, characterised in tha the string collector is movably attached relative to the conveyor (20).
    DK 2017 00625 A1
    [6] 6. A shredding machine (2) according to one of the claims 2-5 characterised in that the cutting member (14) of the string cutter i arranged to cut the string (22) of the bale (4') brought into contac with the rotary rakes (10, 10').
    [7] 7. A shredding machine (2) according to one of the claims 2-6 characterised in that the shredding machine (2) comprises a collectioi structure (8) that is slidably arranged on an arm (6) being rotatabl· attached at the underside of the conveyor (20) by means of ai attachment structure (28).
    [8] 8. A shredding machine (2) according to one of the claims 2-7 characterised in that the collection structure (8) comprises an L shaped structure configured to collect the strings (22) that have beei cut by the string cutter.
    [9] 9. A method for shredding bales (4, 4', 4, 4') of straw or hay having : length (W2), said method comprising the following steps:
    - shredding machine (2) comprising
    - a shredding section (46) comprising one or more rotatably arrange« rotary rakes (10, 10');
    - a conveyor (20) configured to convoy bales (4, 4', 4, 4') along th< longitudinal axis (Y) of the conveyor (20) towards the shreddin« section (46), characterised in that the length (W3) of the rotary rakes (10, 10') i larger than the length (W2) of the bales (4, 4', 4, 4').
    [10] 10. A method according to claim 9, characterised in that the metho« comprising the step of cutting one or more strings (22) of the bales (4 4', 4, 4') by using the shredding machine (2) comprising ai integrated cutting member (14) arranged to cut one or more string (22) of the bales (4, 4', 4, 4').
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK201700625A9|2020-09-21|
    DK180530B1|2021-06-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2019-05-15| PAT| Application published|Effective date: 20190508 |
    2021-06-10| PME| Patent granted|Effective date: 20210610 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DKPA201700625A|DK180530B1|2017-11-07|2017-11-07|Cutting machine for straw and hay bales|DKPA201700625A| DK180530B1|2017-11-07|2017-11-07|Cutting machine for straw and hay bales|
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