• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The device for the continuous processing of used or otherwise decomposed tires, consisting of a reactor (1) for thermal decomposition of these waste decks for the organic decomposition products in the form of low molecular weight hydrocarbons, and residual inorganic waste parts. In the upper part of the reactor (1) there is provided a filling chamber (2) with a pair of filling closures (3) for filling the interior space with the waste decks and in the bottom part of the reactor (1) the exit chamber (8) is formed for the remaining inorganic portions with a pair of exit valves (9), while in the lower part of the reactor (1), the nozzles (5) are arranged to generate a mild gaseous inert medium by oxidation of unreacted residues of organic matter from the processed tires. In the upper part of the interior space of the reactor (1), below the filling chamber (2), there is then provided at least one outlet opening (11) for this inert gas medium which, together with the organic decomposed products dissolved therein, in the form of aerosols, is passed through the solid particle separator (12) and a cooler (17) to liquid particles separator (10) from the cooled aerosol equipped with the first end outlet (21) of the liquid particles to the tank (22). ) and, secondly, an intermediate drive outlet (23) for the gaseous particles which is fed to the direct energy use by combustion in thermal machines or, in an appropriate implementation, is driven into the freezing chamber (24) for the separation of gases with a condensation temperature above the temperature of this chamber. From the freezing chamber (24), the second end outlet (25) for a portion of the non-condensed gases thereof and the third outlet (26) for the remaining portion of the non-condensed gases are terminated.
    公开号:DK201700020U1
    申请号:DK201700020U
    申请日:2017-02-20
    公开日:2017-03-10
    发明作者:Alois Vasicek
    申请人:Alpajar Group S R O；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Field of manufacture The present invention relates to a device for continuous thermal processing of used or otherwise decomposed tires for fuel oil, heating gases and for non-recyclable steel.
    Background to the creation
    Expert estimates of the occurrence of used tires reported their annual numbers to 700 million pieces. discarded tires. Aspects of their machining are resolved during the duration of their use, but so far the results of the solution have not reached a capacity level for their occurrence. Therefore, used tires accumulate and become an environmental problem. The presently known technologies focus on the areas of which the historical first seems to be the regeneration of the rubber by the action of superheated water vapor. The result is the so-called regenerate, which is used as an additive to the rubber composition. However, its manufacture and limited number of properties in comparison to the original rubber from which they arise, limit this technology in terms of massive propagation. The other direction in tire processing technology is focused on providing rubber granules that have found application / use in construction and in other areas such as agriculture or machine manufacturing. From these technologies, relatively well-known technologies which use liquid nitrogen supercooling, where the rubber becomes fragile and then, in this state, are usually comminuted in hammer mills. Corresponding processing of rubber waste, where a mechanical grinder handles the frozen rubber waste, is known, for example, from the document US 5,735,471. Both types of technologies require the prior removal of carcass parts with the content of steel wires, or alternatively cutting into smaller parts. This limits this technology for complex machining of used tires.
    Another procedure for using used tires is their combustion. A tire with its calorie content is on a par with quality black coal, but its mechanical composition, especially the content of steel reinforcements, is difficult to use for practical combustion in order to obtain energy. An incinerator for providing hot water vapor, such as Helnan-Freud's incinerator, which operates in the UK, allows the burning of entire tires, but only portionwise, as the removal of steel reinforcements from the furnace requires a shutdown of the device. The process therefore takes place in portions. Another and somewhat more modern method of tire combustion arises from the system of oil burners and blowers which, together with the rotary kiln, causes the temperature to rise above 1300 ° C and the steel does not melt and block the grates. The utility of such iron for recycling is sporadic.
    A relatively hassle-free way to use tires as fuel is handled in cement kilns. The entire tire disappears and can save other more expensive energy. However, the consumption of tires in cement plants is only a fraction of how many of these accumulate.
    From Czech utility model No. 20795 there is a further device for processing rubber waste, especially tires, in the physico-chemical process, which consists of at least one gas-tight chamber, in which, via a feeder tube, the aggressive gas, such as O3, is humidified. with water mist formed via at least one nozzle to which pressurized water is supplied from the vessel. In the gas-tight chamber there are wires, one above the other, facing each other, placed on top cylinders and opposing bottom cylinders with a space for processing rubber waste. One of the wires in the cylinder is fixed, while the other of the wires in the cylinders is vertically movable with pressure. On the entrance side of the gas-tight chamber, the entrance area is located with the entrance lid and on the exit side is the exit room with the exit lid, while both rooms are provided with exit pipes with an explosion-proof lock for gas exhaust and both are separated from the interior space of the gas-tight chamber. with internal shutter. The disadvantage of this device, in particular, is its relative complexity.
    From the knowledge of the presently known technology, it would seem that the use of pyrolysis was the final solution. The competent pyrosis reactor for waste processing, especially for tires, is known, for example, from document US 2011116986 or from document WO 9320396.
    However, pyrolysis as performed in these devices requires both relatively finely crushed input feedstock, if possible, without any foreign material mixed in, and also the external heating of the reactor. This moves the economy at a great burden on its own cost of grinding and heating, so that the products are scarcely provided, or with a small degree of profit, they are able to make the operations financially self-sufficient.
    Summary of the production
    The foregoing disadvantages of the prior art are greatly removed by the device for the continuous processing of used or otherwise decomposed tires, which consists of a reactor for the thermal decomposition of these waste decks for the organic decomposition products in the form of low molecular weight hydrocarbons, and residual inorganic waste portions, in accordance with the present invention, the essence of which consists in the fact that in the upper part of the reactor a filling chamber is provided with a pair of filling closures for filling its interior space with the waste decks and in the bottom part of the reactor the discharge chamber is formed for the remaining inorganic moieties with a pair of exit closures, while in the lower reactor nozzles are provided to generate a mild gaseous inert medium upon oxidation of unreacted residues of organic matter which, during the course of the process, penetrates the interior space. in the reactor in its lower part. In the upper part of the interior space of the reactor, below the filling chamber, there is then provided at least one outlet opening for this inert gas medium which, together with the organic decomposed products in the form of aerosol, is passed through the separator for solid particles and a cooler, for a liquid particulate separator from the cooled aerosol. The liquid particulate separator is provided with a first output end of the liquid particulate for the tank and a second intermediate output of the gaseous particles fed for direct energy use by combustion in thermal machines or by appropriate implementation driven to the freezing chamber for separation of gases having a condensation temperature above the temperature of this chamber from which terminate at the second outlet end for the remainder of the non-condensed gases in this chamber.
    The essence of the production further consists in the fact that the exit chamber for the remaining inorganic parts in the form of a pair of exit valves is located laterally outside the axis of the reactor, while in the axis of the reactor at its bottom is placed the generator for gaseous inert medium and nozzles. generating a gaseous inert medium is connected in this interior space to the tube which carries the control valve to adjust the passage of air from the ambient space of the reactor for exothermic heating of gaseous inert medium to the desired temperature. Still more preferred, however, is a reactor which is simultaneously provided with launching equipment for removing residual inorganic parts from the bottom of the reactor to a laterally located exit chamber. To promote the filling of the interior space of the reactor, the reactor is preferably provided with the conveyor for machined tires for its filling chamber.
    Thanks to a pair of filling closures in the filling chamber and a pair of exit closures at the exit chamber for residual inorganic parts, the thermal decomposition of machined tires takes place in the reactor without access to air, while guaranteeing perfect heat transfer to the processed waste and at the same time a perfect transfer of all the resulting reaction products from its reaction space, and even the course of the entire manufacturing process. The device according to the invention also enables other processing in the thermal decomposition of the resulting gaseous and liquid organic products, for their further use. An advantage of the device according to the invention is also the fact that the device enables the machining of whole used or otherwise broken tires, without any prior adjustment.
    Description of the drawings
    The production is further explained by means of a schematic drawing of an exemplary embodiment of a device for continuous machining of used or otherwise broken tires in accordance with the production.
    Exemplary embodiment according to the invention
    A device for the continuous processing of used or otherwise decomposed tires according to the illustrated embodiment according to the invention consists of a vertically disposed reactor 1 for the thermal decomposition of these waste decks for organic decomposition products in the form of low molecular weight hydrocarbons and residual inorganic waste parts. In the upper part of the reactor 1 there is provided a filling chamber 2, with a pair of filling closures 3, for filling its interior space with the waste decks and in the bottom part of the reactor 1, the exit chamber 8 is provided, for the remaining inorganic parts, with a pair of outlet closures. 9. In the lower part of the reactor 1, the nozzles 5 for introducing air to generate a mild gaseous inert medium are arranged in their walls by oxidation of unreacted residues of organic material from the treated tires. The outlet chamber 8 for the remaining inorganic parts, with a pair of exit closures 9, is located laterally outside the axis of the reactor 1., while in the axis of the reactor 1, at its bottom, the gaseous inert medium and nozzles generator is arranged to generate a gaseous inert medium is connected in the interior space to the tube which carries the control valve 6 to adjust the passage of air from the environment of the reactor 1 to exothermally heat gaseous inert medium to the desired temperature. In the upper part of the interior space of the reactor 1, below the filling chamber 2, there is then provided an outlet opening V for this inert gas medium, together with the dissolved organic decomposed products in the form of aerosol.
    The device further comprises a solid particle separator 12, mainly soot, into which the aerosol penetrates through the inlet opening 14, while the separator 12 is provided with the double jacket 13 for its cooling with air. At the outlet port 15, the aerosol, without solid particles, then flows from the separator 12 and is introduced via the outlet opening 16 into the cooler 17, which is provided with a cooling circuit 18 with the flow of cooling water and outlet outlet 19 for cooled aerosol, which is brought into the separator via the supply input 20 10 for the liquid particles.
    The liquid particulate separator 10 is provided with the first end outlet 21 for the liquid particles for the tank 22 and, secondly, an intermediate drive outlet 23 for the gaseous particles for the freezing chamber 24 for the separation of gases having a different condensation temperature, i.e. whereby reducing the temperature from -20 to -40 ° C, this separates the gases with condensation temperature above said temperature.
    The reactor 1 is also provided with the conveyor 27 for machined tires to its filling chamber 2 and with sliding equipment 7 for removal of residual inorganic parts from the bottom of the reactor 1 to a laterally located exit chamber 8.
    The reactor 1, after filling the machined tires, is closed by at least one of the pairs of filling closures 3 and by at least one of the pairs of output shutters 9. After the initial heating of machined tires in the lower part of the reactor 1, at by means of flame or by electric heating, to the operating temperature of 600 ° C, the reaction is initiated by the start of the generation of a gaseous inert medium in the generator 4 and by activating the exhaust fan which is part of the separator 10 for the liquid particles. By means of the control valve 6, the passage of air is adjusted to the oxidation of the contents of the space around the generator 4, whereby the inert gaseous medium is exothermally heated to a temperature whose value is controlled by the flow rate of the air via the control valve 6. This medium then proceeds through the reactor to the outlet opening U and thermally decomposing the tires placed in this space, while the degradation products, in the form of low molecular weight hydrocarbons, are distributed in the medium in the form of aerosol.
    The continuity of the process is provided in this device in accordance with the fact that with the open top and closed bottom of a pair of filling closures 3, the conveyor 27 will fill the filling chamber 2 of the reactor 1 with machined tires, upon which the upper pair of filling closures 3 closes. Subsequently, the contents of the filling chamber 2, by opening the lower of the pair of filling closures 3, are brought into the reactor 1 This procedure for filling is periodically repeated according to the consumption of the tires inside the reactor 1 Similarly, the discharge of wires and inorganic waste from the reactor is carried out. 1, when under open top and closed bottom in the pair of exit closures 9, by linear movement of the launching equipment 7, this inorganic waste is pushed out of the bottom of the reactor 1 into the space of the exit chamber 8. Subsequently, by closing the upper and opening it lower of the pair of exit closures 9, the contents of the exit chamber 8 enter the container not shown here. In this embodiment of the invention, it is a reactor 1. having a square base of side 1 meter and a height of 4.5 meters, in which, after machining 1426 kg of used tires, the following is obtained: 626 liters of liquid fuel with a fuel value of EUR 34.3 MJ / kg, 170 kg of liquid gas, 173 kg of iron and 137 kg of ash. As the gaseous inert medium, a medium containing 64% by volume nitrogen, 13.5% by volume carbon dioxide and 0.1% by volume carbon monoxide was used, the remainder being the superheated water vapor and the temperature at the inlet to the reactor was 620 ° C and at the output 220 ° C.
    Industrial applicability
    The device for continuous machining of used or otherwise decomposed tires can be widely used for efficient waste management and for their complex or at least partial use for further usable products, including those suitable for operating thermal machines and for heat generation. .
    Reference list 1 Reactor 2 Filling chamber 3 Filling closures 4 Generator for the heating medium 5 Nozzles 6 Control valve 7 Pushing equipment 8 Exit chamber 9 Exit shutter 10 Separator for liquid particles 11 Outlet opening 12 Separator for solid particles 13 Inlet enclosure 15 Inlet enclosure 14 Double enclosure 14 First end output 22 Liquid particle tank 23 Intermediate output 24 Freezer chamber 25 Second end output 26 Third end output 27 Conveyor
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    Device for the continuous processing of used or otherwise decomposed tires, comprising a reactor (1) for thermal decomposition of these waste decks into the organic decomposition products in the form of low molecular weight hydrocarbons and residual inorganic waste parts, which are new in that in the upper part of the reactor (1) there is provided a filling chamber (2) with a pair of filling closures (3) for filling its interior space with the waste decks and in the bottom part of the reactor (1) the exit chamber (8) is formed for the remaining inorganic portions having a pair of exit valves (9), while in the lower part of the reactor (1), the nozzles (5) are provided to generate a mild gaseous inert medium by oxidation of unreacted residues of organic matter from the processed tires, and in the upper part of the interior space of the reactor (1), below the filling chamber (2), at least one outlet opening (11) is provided for this inert gas medium which, together with the organic decomposed products dissolved therein in the form of aerosols are passed through the solid particle separator (12) and a cooler (17) to the liquid aerosol cooled separator (10) provided with the first end outlet (21) for the liquid particles for the tank (22) and, secondly, the intermediate drive output (23) for the gaseous particles which are used for the direct use of energy in combustion in thermal machines is fed to the freezing chamber (24) for the separation of gases with a condensation temperature above the temperature of this chamber from which terminates at the second exit end (25) for a portion of the non-condensed gases therein and the third end outlet (26) for the remaining portion of this non-condensed gases.
    [2]
    Device according to claim 1, which is new in that the outlet chamber (8) for the remaining inorganic parts, via a pair of outlet shutters (9), is located laterally outside the axis of the reactor (1), while in the axis of the reactor, at its bottom, located the gaseous inert medium generator (4) and nozzles (5) for generating a gaseous inert medium in its interior space, are connected to the tube which carries the control valve (6) to adjust the passage of air from the environment of the reactor (1) for exothermic heating of gaseous inert medium to the desired temperature.
    [3]
    Device according to claim 2, which is new in that the reactor (1) is equipped with pushing equipment (7) for delivering residual inorganic parts from the bottom of the reactor (1) to a laterally located exit chamber (8).
    [4]
    Device according to claims 1, 2, 3, which is new in that the reactor (1) is provided with the conveyor (27) for machined tires for its filling chamber (2).
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CZ2014-534A|CZ305732B6|2014-08-07|2014-08-07|Device for continuous thermal treatment of worn-out or otherwise disabled tires|
    PCT/CZ2015/000087|WO2016019932A1|2014-08-07|2015-08-06|Device for the continuous thermal processing of used or otherwise degraded tyres|
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