• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A lace line for forming structures including netting, such as codends, trawl nets, seines and fish pens. The lace line includes at least several distinct loop tails that are interlaced and/or interconnected with one another so as to form several lacing loops. In other aspects, the present disclosure teaches a codend including at least four hung-in riblines having at least four netting panels formed mainly and preferably entirely of T90 mesh, where the T90 mesh mainly and preferably entirely includes a mesh size of between one hundred sixty and one hundred ninety five millimeters, in combination with a hang percentage of between ten and twenty four percent.
    公开号:DK201570404A1
    申请号:DK201570404
    申请日:2015-06-29
    公开日:2015-07-20
    发明作者:Gudmundur Gunnarsson；Hjortur Erlendsson
    申请人:Hampidjan Hf；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Fishing Net Frame line, and Codemi with Improve«! Fish Escape Properties FIELD OF INVENTION
    The present disclosure relates to fishing nets, Including trawl nets, especially to trawl net codends having riblines, and especially to trawls as used to catch fish including but not limited to fish known as cod, Redfish, Haddoel<> Alaska Pollock, other pollock. Haddock, rdckfish, groundfish, roundflsh, flatfish and other fish species. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to fish nets having frame lines to which are connected netting; and the present disclosure also relates to trawi "codends" where the codends have riblines and where a particular portion of ribline exhibits a lesser length measured along its long dimension when compared to aiength exhibited hy the stretch measure length of a portion of netting attached to that particular portion of fibline, where the stretch measure length of the netting Is measured in a direction that is along the long dimension ot the codend.
    TECHNICAL BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
    There exist various ways of seaming together netting paneisforming trawl codends and in attaching such netting panels to rihlines also forming the codends including different tapers, such as point and bar tapér, all point taper, cut ratios,tapering ratios, and the use of either square mesh^ TO mesh or TOO mesh. There are a plethora of factors Involved In selecting how to design and configure a trawl codend, including whether or not to use ribiines, and if rihlines are used whether to form a two panel trawl codend that has two rihlines, or whether to form a four panel trawl codehd that has four ribiines, how long to make the riblines relative to the stretch measure of the netting, what construction practices to employ in attaching one pane! of netting to another and in attaching the netting to the ribiines, and more. Furthermore, there exists no guarantee that a successful fashion of forming a codend for selectively fishing a particular fish species shall he successful for selectively fishing for another particular fish species.
    With the current trend toward environmentally sound fishing practices in order to ensure sustainability of valuable fisheries for both fisherman as well as marine mammals and seabirds who depend upon fishery resources, increasingly precise gear designs having particular mesh arrangements in particular locations-..in the f sh ng net are required. Prohiematicaify, retaining the planned design parameters with current methods for attaching netting panels to frame lines is often so problematic and unreilable that it Is not possible to deploy what might otherwise be a well functioning selective fishing net that releases undersized and juvenile fish as well as non-target species.
    Thus, it readily cad be appreciated that a long felt need exists in the industry for a frame line construction that 'more easily,, more quickly, more simply, mere reliably and more economically permits før attaching and,, importantly, retaining in place for at least twelve months at a time, netting panels in particular locations relative to a frame line.
    Known methods for attaching netting panels to frame lines, such as used in seines, bottom trawls, trawl codends for bottom and pelagic (i.e. "midwafer'"} trawls and backends and/or bellies for midwater trawls involve either directly lashing netting panels to a frame line or frame rope, or first forming yorklngs: (lacing loops) attached to: the frame line, and then lashing netting panels directly to the vorking loops (lacing loops), The advantage of using ypffeihgs (lacing loops) is that the ability bf the netting panels to slide along the frame line is eliminated. Present methods for forming yorklngs (lacing loops) onto frame lines involve: passing a continues length of:cord and/or rope through the lacing line in a generally traverse direction, pulling the entire continuous length of cord and/or rope through thei frame line, knotting the continuous: length of cord and/or rope about the frame line in the region of its passage: through the frame line, subsequently passing the continuous length of rope through: another portion of the fmme line, and repeating the process,: As the goal is to use a continuous length of loop, due to the fact that the material cost in cutting and retying cords and/or ropes: to form each loop or yorking isyprbhibitiveiy expensive, the man hours and time required: to: form known yorked frame lines (j.e. "lacing lines") ss rather high.
    Due to the economic reality of the high cost of materials compared to the cost of labor, forming yorked frame lines with as much as possible a continuous length of rope and/or cord forming each loop and/or lacing loop in the yorked frame line (i.e. "lacing line") is the present state of the art and current trend In the industry. T90 is a name applied to conventional machine made netting when turned 90 degrees (90°) In relation to the direction usually used in making a trawl, The concept of’turned meshf or T90 netting Is not new. The use of T90 netting has been investigated since the late 1980s, Testing has demonstrated that T9Q netting when used in certain ways possesses some advantageous properties over machine made netting used in the conventional way, usually identified as TO nephg. For example, laboratory tests indicate that TOO netting is stronger than TO netting, T90 netting technology has been developed for whole trawl application by the Icelandic trawl manufacturer fgardahet that is part of the Hampidjan group. When used in the codend of a trawl* T90 netting exhibits better catch quality,, better selectivity and more efficiency than codends with netting turned in the conventional direction. Experiences using T9G netting in the bellies and codends of groundfish trawls targeting cod fbund T9Q netting filtered out large proportions of undersize cod and the nets had the added benefit of being easier to tow. However trawls and especially their braiier bags formed of T9S netting have acquired a reputation for rupturing under operating conditions in which a braiier bag made of TG netting does not rupture, Furthermore, trawls or portions of trawls such as codends or brpil# bags fbrmed from T90 Getting have acquired a reputation for causing excessive gilling if flsli, especially in the backend or "belly" of trawls, the "tube” that is forward of a codend or broiler bag, as well as the codend or brailer bag itself,
    With respect at least to pelagic trawls formed without ribflnes, and especially with respect to pelagic trawls Whose codends ate formed without ribflnes, and especially with respect to codends lacking bung-in riblines, the above stated problems associated with TS&: betting have largely been addressed by teachings contained within published EP application EP2010015862 having Publication number EP2236ø2SA:i, and corresponding published US application 12/798282 With publication Ho. US 2810242336A1, This has ted to markedly Improved selectivity' and fish escape of understood, juvenile a nd non-target species where such fishing gear Is in use, promoting sustainable fisheries where such fishing equipment is used.
    Thus, it is the,current State Of the art and the present trend in the industry that codends formed with or mainly with 788 netting either lack riblioes,: have not .more than two riblines.
    However, with respect to trawl net codends that are formed with nblines, and especially When compared to trawl net:codends: with"hung^/riblsnes, i.e, codends where the codends: have nblines and where at least a particular portion of at least one of the codend's ribline's exhibits a lesser length compared to a length exhibited by a stretch measure length of a portion of netting including several meshes and attached to that particular portion of ribiine, the teachings of EP223602SAlhave failed to provide for fishing gear that addresses the above stated problems. Due to above stated problems .associated with T90 mesh codends that are formed with hung-ln riblines, and mainly and particularly duo to severe giiling problems that destroys the ability of the fishing gear to selectively fish, or to safely escape yhderoiee^juyehiie or non-target species, while also frustrating fishing of target species and target sized species fish, the use o T90 netting to form most Or aii of the nettingin a ribifned codend, add especially in a codend with bung-in riblines, has failed to be successful wherever it has been attempted, earned a negative reputation and has not been adopted by the industry.
    As mentioned previously, despite being known for a long time that T90 netting exhibits advantageous properties, such as an the ability to increase water flow and tip permit fish selectivity and enhanced fishery sustainability:, which are long felt desires and needs in the industry, due to the above stated problems associated with the use of T90 netting: in ribifned cohdands, large costs associated with a faulty product: such as a: cgdend, and; josses in operational revenues from repeated failures of T90 netting when used to· mainly or exclusively from: the netting of a ribllned codend, T9G netting has failed to become widely used in the industry with codends having hung-in nblines, be. codends having nblines where the: riblines are shorter in length than the stretch measure of a netting panel attached to a particularfiblibe (the stretch measure, measured in a distance along the long dimension.Of the codend and in a straight line along the centerof the netting: panel) and has, in fact, earned a generally negative reputation.
    However, ribi i ned codends, and especially ri di sned addenda tbat areliang-in,. continue: to be the only known codend construction that is economically viable for relatively large fisheries, and fisheries that have substantia! environmental interaction with a variety of non-target species, and fisheries whose target species are found in blended concentrations of target and undersized fish.
    Hot example, the current state of the art and the current trend in the industry in fishing for Atlantic Cod, Redfish, Haddock, Atlantic ho feck and bottom cod is to use a two (2) rlbilhed codend forming a two (2} panel codend formed mainly or entirely ftonl lO netting, T90 netting having ,falled to be successful In such fisheries and application, and it is the current widely held belief in the industry that T@Q netting Is hot economically or practically useful in such codends and fisheries. It is the trend in the industry that such codends use meshes formed of twines haying diameters lesser than four point fiVe miliimeter (4,5 mm), if being the: widely held belief in the industry that smaller twine diameters in codend mesh leads to Improved escape and selectivity;:: use meshes having mesh sizes lesser than one hundred1 fifty: hlillimetér (ISO mm},, it being: the widely beliefin the: industry that mesh Sizes larger than one hundred fifty millimeter (ISO mm) lead to escape of all or the vast majority Of target adult fish and thus are not economically useful or even practically possible to use; and that each panel of the codend have a horizontal stretch measure of at least 4800 mm (forty eight hundred millimeters}:. Presently, the largest mesh size used for such codends, he, ribfined codends used før fishing Redfish, Atiantsc God, Haddock, Atlantic Pollock and other cod, is with a mesh opening (he. ’"inside measurement'') of one hundred thirty-five millimeters (IBS mm}f equating to a mesh size (i,e, full 'mesh") value of lesser than one hundred fifty-five millΐη·ιοΙβΓδ ( 155 mm), and thd mésbéS forming such codends are entirely or mainly of TO netting. It is the widely held belief in the industry that In order to mainføln the same hshing selectivity for such codends but with ISO in substitution of TO netting} that a mesh opening (i.e. "insider measurement") of one hundred twenty millimeters (120 mm) is required, e,g, a T90 netting of one hundred thirty five millimeter (135 mm) mesh size (he, 'Toil mesh"). While T9Q mesh sizes up to equal to and lesser than one hundred Sixty millimeters: (iSpmm) have been proposed in the teachings of EP223S02SA1, such T90 mesh size teaching has failed to be adopted by the industry and it is the widely held: pelief'Imlht^i^usiry'thal'Sueh mesh size ls incapable of retaining target sized fish and thus is hot practically useful.
    As indicated above, it is the: widely held belief in the industry that that a smaller mesh size must be used when transitioning.from TO netting to T9Q netting, due to the fact that T90 netting allows for more fish escape! than: does TO netting. For this reason, før example, the industry believes that St Is needed tsusea 135 mm, mesh size in T90 netting to replace a IBS mrn mesh TO netting in a. codend, :ip fact, presently,: hone in the industry:believe that it is possible to economically fish with a mesh size of greater than 135 mm for T90 netting on a codend using hong-in rihlines, and it is the widely held belief ih the Industry that such a codend would escape all or nearly all fish,, and in fact catch no or essentially no fish, making it economically Impractical to use*
    Pmhlematically, such fisheries continue to catch and destroy a large amount Of juvenile and undersized fish, as well as non-target species. Thus, it can readily be appreciated that a long felt need continues to exist in the industry fora more selective fishing codend construction for fishing Atlantic Godyledfish, Haddock, Atlantic Pollock and bottom cod.
    Thus, it can readily he appreciated that due to the potential of T90; betting to selectively fish and permit safe escape of juvenile, undersized and non-target species, these practices, being so important to sustainability of fisheries for the benefit of marine mambiais,; seabirds and humans, there exists a long felt need in the Industry for a workableteaching that permits most or all of a nbiinecl codend to be formed from T9G netting.
    It Is presently against the state of the art and contrary to the trend in the industry to form a codend for a trawl where both the codend has ribiines that are hung-in and also where the mesh forming the codend Is; mainly or entirely formed of T90 mesh, It also is against the state of the art and contrary to the trend In the industry to form a ribiined codend for a trawi having more than two ribiines where the ribiines are hung-in and also where the mesh forming the codend is mainly or entirely T90 mesh.
    SUMMARY OF INVENTION
    An object Of the préseht disclosure to provide for an improved lace line for connecting to add retaining in a desired location, orientation and configuration relative to-such lace line netting panels of hshing gear such as: hut not limited to codénds, seines and trawl, and aiso netting panels! of fish pens, and the like, as well as methods for the manufacture and use of such lace Sine of the present disclosure, so as to better retain in a desired location, orientation and configuration such netting panels, thereby permitting intended consequences of planned consfructiph parameters, especially escape of juvenile, undersized and non -target species.
    It Is: another object: of the present disclosure to provide for an improved codend for a trawi that reduces gilfing and enhances escape and selectivity of juvenile, undersized and: non-target fish species in comparison with known apparatuses and methods for: forming trawl: codends, sortbat the reduction of gilling is either complete or to such a magnitude that the gilisng is: several fold lesser than gliiing commonly associated with widely adopted known: codends, whether those known eodends use TO netting or T90 netting, and also so-that the escape of undersized, juvenile and;: non-target fish is either complete or several fold more effective than that of known eodends.
    Briefly thepresent disclosure is a lace Ime j t' ) for forming structures including but not limited to o trawl, seine, codend or fish pen where the lace line is formed of a rope andfor other thread (8), having a pfurality of individual loops tails (12) con nested to the rope ¢8), where at least three loop tails are connected at distinct locations on the rope, with at least a first, a middle, and a third loop fail, where the middie loop tall passes through the first loop tail, and subsequently the middle loop tali is itself passed through by therthird loop tali, thereby forming at least two lacing loops (1.6), and: at least the third:loop tall is fixed to the rope (8) in stseh a fashion that it forms another lacing loop (16), thereby formlng.a plurality of lacing loops (16) and thereby providing a lace line of the present disclosure: for forming at least the trawl net, seine, codendrer fish pen of the present disclosure.
    In certain embodiments, after passing through the first loop tail and prior to passing: through the third loop tali, the: middle loop tali is passed through several mesh cells that are part of at least a panel of netting, thereby eliminating the need to further lash the netting to the iadhg loops of the lace line of the present disclosure, and thereby speeding up the manufacture and also any repair of the trawl, seine, codend^ fish pen or netting structure formed with the iace Sins of the present disclosure, and thereby also permitting retaining planned construction parameters for the escape of juvenile, undersized and non-target fish species.
    Briefiy again, the present disclosure is based upon an unanticipated and surprising discovery that total or near total escape of juvenile, undersized and non··target fish with concurrent economically viable retention of adult target fish selected from species including but not limited to Atlantic Cod, Redfish, Haddock, Atlantic Roilock, Rollock and bottom cod has been achieved by a cod end having, in combination: at least four ribiines; a hang percentage Of greater tha n ten percent ( which Is contrary to the state of the art and against the trend in the industry), more preferably Of -f thirteen:percent, yet mom prefer of greater than fourteen percent, yet even more: preferably of greater than fifteen percent, with a hang ratio of nineteen point one percent being most optimal, and with a hang ration of between fifteen percent and twenty percent being useful, with hang ratios of at least fourteen and even greater than twenty percent being useful) netting formed mainly and preferably entirely of TSG netting; the T90 netting having a mesh size equal to or greater than one hundred sixty millimeters (160 mrn) (that is contrary to the state of the art and against trend in the industry), and greater than or equal to one hundred seventy-five millimeters. Preferably, the diameter of a twine or of each twine forming a mesh bar arsd/of forming a mesh leg in the T90 mesh Is equal to or greater than five: millimeters (S mm), with diameters equal to or greater than six millimeters (6 mmj being preferred, with a double twine netting construttion being preferred.
    The construction parameters taught above and herein for the lace line and codeod of the present disclosure are new, unprecedented, contrary to the state of the art and against the trend of the industry, provide a surprising and unexpected result of resulting In total or near total escape of undersized, non-target and juvenile fish while concurrently economically retaining target fish of target size, such result never having been achieved before in the Industry and addressing a need long felt in the industry.
    The above stated advantages of the present disclosure,, as weil as other advantages of the present disclosure, no doubt shall become fead%-ap^.^nt:itothose:,sfeiiled in the art frem the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment including when considered in Sight of the accompanying drawings in whsch:
    BRIEF- DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGS 1 to 6 are side plan Views of components and manufacture stages of the lace Sine of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a side:plan view of the face line of the present disclosure connected to θ sheet of netting, such as may form a codend of the: present disdoSUre. FIG, 8 is a side plan view of the iace line of the present disclosure where the lace line has been covarbmidad by being passed through a conventional braiding machine., and having the free portions of the ioops connected to the rope forming thejace line pulled out from within the interior of the converging 'Strands: that converge at the braid point, so as to form a sheath about the rope forming: the: lace line as; welt as about the connections of the loops to the rope forming the lace line, while leaving external of the sheath the free ends of the ioops. FIG, 9 is a side plan view of the iace iine of the present disclosure of FIG. 8 where a portion of the external sheath of the lace line has been removed to permit viewing components contained within the sheath, effectively showing the sheath in a cross cut view, where such components that are within the sheath, as well as where the remainder of the iace fine are shown in side plan view, FIG, 10 is a top plan of a codend of the present disclosure, FIG, it Is a cross sectional view of the codend of the present disclosure taken along section line 11 - 11 of FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a photograph of a portion of the iace line of the present disclosure showing a preferred method ferferming a knot or connection 14 for affixing a loop 1 to a thread 8 so as to form loop tails 12 used in forming the iace iine 17 of the present disclosure, DETAILED DESCRIPTION Definitions:
    The term ribil««" shall be mean a ribline, including a lace line or any other line (s,g. rope, cable or chain or other thread) used as a ribiine, where either the entire ribiine or at least a particular portion of ribline exhibits a lesser length measured along its long dimension when compared to a length exhibited by the stretch measure length of a portion of netting attached to that particular.portion of rtbliné, where the stretch measure length of the portion of netting is measured in a direction that: is along the long: dimension of the codend.
    The term "hang percentage", in reference to a riblihe of a eodend, and the term "hang of a ribhne" and/or ''ribilne hang" means that at least one of the riblines has a pertain portion that is shorter than a stretch measure length of a corresponding portion of a netting panel attached to the certain portion of the nbiine when the netting panei's stretch measurement is taken in a direction along thO lohg dimension Of the codend. The "hang percentage" is obtained by the foliowing equation i (Hang Percentage) ~ {the length of the certain portion of riblide) / (the stretch measure length of the corresponding portion of the netting panel attached to the certain portion of the rihline^ : "Lace bine" most broadly means a strength member to which is attached netting. More narrowly, yiaee lines" include a strength member to which is attached: structure or strutures of lesser tensile strength than the strength member itself, to which structure or structures Is attached the netting, lace- Lines and associated netting are used in fishing nets and apparatuses for Using operations and/or fish farming operations, such apparatuses including but not limited to: trawls, seines, codends* fish pens and other. When used in fishing nets, lace lines can be used to form structures including, but not limited to, riblmes, headlines, sidelines and fishing lines fe,g, footropes or portions of footropes). Some cOdedds have riblines, and some do hot When lace lines are used in forming codends that are themselves used in conjunction with trawls, lacelines often are referred to as riblines, "Mesb sfc*C means the overall length (i,e, the "span") of a closed and taught mesh cell when such closed and taught mesh cell is measured along a straight line oriented In the TO (T zero) direction and the measurement spans one knot and two mesh legs. This measurement effectively includes the span of one knot and of two mesh bars, as, when taken In the TO direction, "Mesh size" also is referred to in the industry as "kndtrto-knotf, and also is referred to in the industry as "full mesh-. In the case of "knotless netting*, there is a woven intersection that substitutes the term "knot'' for purposes of the above definition of "mesh size". "Mesh opening" is measured when the mesh cell is closed and pulled taught, and is defined by a distance taken along the TO (T zero) direction and also taken along a straight line situated within the open space Of a mesh cell, and measured between, but not including, two opposing knots (or woven intersections in the case of ’’knotiess netting"). For a particular mesh cell, the "mesh opening" always defines 3 scalar value that is lesser than "mesh size”. For example, a ane hundred millimeter mesh cell may have a mesh opening of eighty millimeter, "Mesh opening" also is referred to In the industry as "inside measurement", when referring to mesh and netting (he, when not referring to trawl mouth opening or interior codend Opening). "Paner means a portion of netting formed of a plurality of meshes, Paneis are used in a structure formed of netting, such as a codend, Paneis of a distinct mesh type may include ail or opiy a part of the netting that is between two or more selvedges, nblines or "corners" of a trawl, Panels are connected to one another along their fore and aft edges by seams. Synonyms for the word"panel" include "netting paner, "portion of netting", "piece of netting", "section of netting-, "netting" and other, "Seam" is used as both a noun and a verb. As a noun "seam" means the connection zone or portion of a trawi where any two or more portions and/or paneis of netting are connected to one another, especially along forward and aft edges, and where each portion and/or panel of netting includes at least several foil mesh ceils. As a verb "seam” means to connect or join together a zone or portion of a trawl. Most commonly, two different panels of machine made netting are hand sewn to one another by hand weaving a series of half mesh used to connect the two or more portions and/or paneis of netting, “Thread" shall mean any elongate structure that is both flexible and capable of bearing load and/or tension, The term "thread" includes, hut is not limited to, any quantity of: rope, cable, hawser, strap, woven or braided strip and/or belt., monofilament, a group of filaments· and/or fibers, strand, yarn, cordage and also textile elements, whether singularly or In plurality.
    Synonyms:
    For purposes of me present disclosure:
    The terms; "cOdend", “braHer", "bralier bag", “bag", “tube" and “intermediate tube" shall be interchangeable, and the term "codend is not limited to these synonyms, there being many synonyms for codend. A codend can be formed of multiple sub-sections each capable of being used as a codend.
    In Terence te PIGS I to 5: V^l!e:yar^»s:.0>nsttu^0r«g: ami methods can be used to arrive at and form the lace line of the pmseht disclosure, that is, a lace line including the rope and/or thread B to which are attached several loop tails 1¾ that are subsequently interconnected to form several lacing loops 16, the foliowing description provides a method for manufacturing a most preferred embodiment of a lace line of the present disclosure, for which the foSlowing steps are taught:
    Step i: With reference to FIG. ί; A plurality of indivlduai loops 1 are provided. At least three loops are provided, as shown by Individual, and distinct, loops 3,4,5 and 6, Each of the individual loops is formed of a distinct portion: of material and is not connected by the material forming the loop to any other of the Individual loops.
    The loops preferably are flexible, and preferably are formed of cordage, such as hollow: braided cord and/pr twine formed mplniy, and preferably entirely, of synthetic fibers and/Or filaments such as but net limited to polyamide (nylon) or High- Modulus Poiyefhyiéne (HHPE) (e.g. Dyneema) cord. A preferred method for forming the loops is to spiice into its own cut ends a portion of hollow braided cord. Less preferably^ the loops may also fee formed from wire cable.
    Step 2: With reference to FIG. 2: A rope S is provided. While a rope is the presently preferred structure for rope 8, rope 8 may In some instances may fee Substituted by a: strap or other thread. The term "thread" for· purposes of the present disclosure includes any rope, cable, chain or other strength member. The rope 8 preferably has a greater break strength than: cordage selected to form any individual loop 1, and preferably has a diameter greater than a diameter of cordage selected to form: any individual loop 1, The rope preferably includes a strength member that is formed of several strands (e.g. sub-strands) that themselves are formed mainly or entirely of synthetic fibers and/or filaments that are formed of HMPE (e.g. Dyneema), but may also be formed of polyamide, other synthetic substances, or natural substances such as steel wire. When formed of synthetic fibers, the rope preferably is formed with severe ί substrands that are themselves formed of twisted fibers and/or filaments, or that are themselves formed of braided strands. The rope preferably includes at least one eye, and preferably includes an eye formed info each end of the rope. the rope preferably has been compacted and pro-stretched such as by feeing subjected to ténsions of sufficient magnitude to remove constructional elongation from the rope, and, in: the ease of a rope formed of HMFE, the rope preferably as been subjected to sufficient heat and tension so as to both remove constructional elongation as well as to elongate HMPE fibers,ahd/or filaments forming the rope so that the fibers and/or filaments: forming the rope maximally distribute load that the rope is subjected to, A preferred method fbr forming the rope 8 is a method taught by teachings of a published PCI application having International Publication Humber WO 2011/009924 A2, and specifically in reference to a process for forming a high strength rope related to claim numbers 22 to 31 of this Internationa! Publication.
    Step 3: With reference to FIG. 3:
    The loops i are connected to the rope 8, Preferably, each distinct loop i is connected to rope 8 at a distinct location ,10 along the long dimension of rope 8, where soch distinct: locations 10 preferably are spaced so as to he equidistant from one another,
    There exist several fashions for connecting the loops to the rope* including; lashing, binding, knotting, and a combination of such, A presently preferred fashion for connecting a distinct loop 1 to the rope is through the following steps 'ft to E, which include to: A., provide several distinct loops 1, then to pass each of the several distinct loops 1 each transversely through a distinct aperture and/or passage 41 that is fermed so as to form a passage traversing the Short dimension of rope 8, as indicated by imaginary dashed lines 43, at each distinct, location 10 {a hammer and/or sledge and a spike may be used to form an opening tra nsverse In the repe S #r pacing at least a portion of loop t through the passage in thread 8), Each loop .1 is passed through each aperture 41 in such a fashion so as to leave a portion of ioop 1 m either side of rope 3, thereby providing, for each distinct loop 1, first loop opening 9 and second ioop opening 13, the second ioop opening 13 being formed by a ioop taii 12; I, pass each distinct second loop opening 13 of each distinct loop tail 12 through Its corresponding first loop opening 9; C. make another wrap about thread 8 with the remaining portion of first loop opening 9 (see photograph FIG, 12); D. make a second pass of each distinct second loop opening 13 of each distinct loop tall: 12 through Its corresponding first loop opening 9; and E. pull taught each distinct: second ioop opening 13 of each loop tail 12 ip a direction distal the rope 8 relative to first loop opening 9, so as to tighten ioop opening 9 and form knot 14 (pee also photograph FIG. 12), while also rnaximieing the dimension Of loop taii 12.
    Step 3a: Opucnaily, but most preferably, after step 2 the lace line of the present disclosure and more particularly the rope 8 used in forming the lace line of the present disclosure is again subjected to the comparting and pre-stretching processes stated In Step 2 above.
    Step 4: With reference to FIG, 4 and FIG, 5: The yorking loops 16, i.e. lacing line loops 16, are now fermed by passing the a first distinct loop taii 92 through the opening 13 of a second distinct loop tali 3i that is adjacent to the first distinct ioop tali 92, and then by subsequently passing anssther distinct loop feSl93 (that is located on the opposite side of the first loop tali 92 relative to loop tail 9lj through opening 13 of ioop tail 92 as shown in FIG. 4, and repeating the process as often as desifed fer subseguent distinct loops tails.
    After forming a desired quantity of lacing loops 16, tile end: Of loop fail 12 of,: for example, loop tail 94 may then be: connected to the: rope 8, such as by lashing 19 (see FIB, 6 and FIG, 7) thereby fixing in place all yorkiihg and/or lacing loops 16.
    The result of the above manufacturing process is to produce the face line 17 of the present disclosure shewn In FIG. 6 and haying a plurality of lacing loops 16 (i.e. yorking loops 16). the lace line 17 may then be attached to (felling using known methods,, or, alternatively, and as shown in FIG. 7, the netting may be attached directly to the faeing loops 16 by having each loop tail 12 pass through a predetermined quantity of mesh cells prior to having a neighboring and subsequent loop tail passed through itself. That is,, each loop tail 12 is passed through· several mesh cells pridf to having a neighboring loop tali passed through its opening 13, thereby connecting to the lace line of the present disclosure a portion of netting 20 that is used informing a codend, trawl, seine, fish pen,: or: other. Advantageously, the lace line of the present disclosure retains in precise position netting portions and panels so that design configurations and characteristicsgf fishing gear that are planned and required for the escape of juvenile, undersized and non-ta rget fish species Is able to be maintained during: operation of the fishing gear. A purpose and goal of the taught manufacture method and/or process of the present d isclosure is to form a lace line of the present disclosure. Essential to forming a lace line of the present disclosure is to form the intermediate stage and/or phase of a lace line of the present disclosure, that is, to form a structure having at least a rope and/or other thread 8 to which are attached a plurality of loop tails 12 formed of material such as a portion of cordage 97, Vitaliy, the distance between the two pointe at which the cordage forming a distinct loop tail 12 permanently contacts and/or attaches to thread 8, that are known herein at least as ioop tail cordage thread connection points 98 and 99 (see FIG. 4), is a distance that is lesser than the distance between distinct locations 10 along the rope and/or other thread 8 to which attach the lacing loops 12. Preferably, the distance between loop tail cordage thread connection points 98 and 99 (of a distinct loop tali) is such that the loop tail cordage thread connection points contact ope another apd pass through a same aperture 41 (see FIG. G) formed into rope and/gr other thread 8, and preferably formed transverse to the long dimension: (e.g. the long axis) of thread 8 as indicated by dashed lines 43, Certainly, the distance between loop tail cordage thread connection points 98, 99 is less than twenty percent a distance between distinct locations 10 measured along rope and/or thread 8 when the rope and/or thread 8 is under a tension of two hundred kg, plus or minus five kg. WMIe the most preferred method for forming thelntermediate stage of the lacing loop of the present disclosure has been: taught,: that: is, for forming the combination of rope and/dr: other thread 8 and the plurality of loop tails 12 attached to the rope end/or other thread 8, there exidt other, presently less preferred methods for arriving at and terming such a structure.
    For example, and less preferably, a; single portion of cordage may be .'used to form muitipieioop tails: 12 by, for example; pushing through rope 8 a portion:; of a length of cordage and withdrawing on an opposite side Of rope 8 from the side that the cordage was inserted at a sufficient quantity of the cordage to form at least a loop tali 12,. then tying a knot that prevents slippage out of rope 8 of the formed loop tail; then moving to a different portion of rope S, especially a next distinct location 10,and again passing a nother portion of the length of cordage through that portion of rope 8 so as to again form another ioop tall 12, then also tying the cordage into a knot that, prevents slippage out of rope 8 of the formed loop tail; then repeating the process several times, so as to form several loop tails attached to the rope 8, However,; this method is not preferred, thought Is useful, and is intended to be encompassed by the present disclosure and claims,
    Coverbtaided Embodiments;:
    With reference to FIG 8 and FIG, 9:
    In order to protect the lace line of the present disclosure from wear and abrasive destruction, the rope 8 forming the lace line of the present disclosure is: preferably enclosed within a braided sheath 22 (see FIG. 8 and FIG, 9} after Step 3 above, and most preferably after Stop 3a above. This is accomplished by passing the structure formed by the completion Of step 3 and/or 3a above through a braiding machine and withdrawing each loop tail 12 prior to it entering the braid point, as is readily comprehended by those of ordinary skill in the art upon haying reach the present disclosure. That is, passing through a braiding machine the rope 8 with loops 1 attacbed, and withdrawing the ioop tails 12 of each loop 1 from the converging strands that converge at the braid point so that only the mpe 8 and connections 14 are coverhralded, and a very small portion of each loop tail 12, while the majority of each of the loop tails 12 are net enclosed by the braided sheath 22.
    Most preferably, prior to the eoverbraidlng step, and after step 3 and/or 3a, the rope 8 and the connections 14 upon rope 8 are entirely covered and/or coated with a fiowahid layer of a not yet set phase of an elastic polymeric layer, preferably of polyurethane, preferably having a minimal elasticity of 100% at lero degmes, Celsius, The polyurethane, such: as might be a two or more component blend of polyurethane,; is compressed between the coverbraided sheath 22 and the strength member during; the coverbraiding process* filling void spaces between the sheath 22 and the strength member, and is formulated so as: to set after completion of the eoverbraidlng process.
    When the step of eoverbraidlng the rope 8 is:selected, as Is most preferable, the most preferable method for forming the combination of the coverbrald and the rope 8 with the eyes in the rope 8 includes teachings taught in a published PCT application having International Publication
    Humber WG 2011/009929 A2> The method for forming: the splice eye in the strength member itself can be any suitable method.
    Examples of the Lace Line of the Present Disclosure and Processes for its Prodaction: 1. A lace line (17) where at least a portion of the lace line (17) has a plurality of lacing loops (16) connected to at least a thread (8) forming the lace line (17), the lace line (17) characterized in that the plurality of lacing loops (16) are formed by a plurality of interconnected individual loop tails (12.. 91., 92, 93 and 94) that are attached to the thread (8) forming the lace line, thereby providing far a lace line that is efficient to produce and simple to use, and simple and expediently detachable from and re-attachable to netting panels, thereby also expediting forming and maintaining fishing gear formed with the lace line. 2. The lace line (17) of example I further characterized in that at least one Of the individual loop tails (91, 92, 93 and 94) is formed from a unique portion of material. 3. The lace line (17) of example 1 further characterized in that at least three of the indiyidufl loop tails (91, 92, 93 and 94) are each formed from a distinct portion of material, and wherein each of the d istinct portions of material lacks a connection formed by any of said distinct portions: Of material to another distinct portion of materia! forming another individual loop tail (12), 4. The lace line (17) of examples 1, 2 and 3 further characterized in that at least one lacing loop (18) 1$ formed by a process Including steps of passing an individual loop tail (92) through an Opening in another individual loop tail (91), and then subsequently passing yet another loop tail (93) through an opening of the individual loop tail (92), wherein the individual loop tail (92) is situated between loop tails (f I) and (93), 5. The lace line (i ) of any one of examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 wherein the lace line Is further characterized in that the lace line includes a braided sheath (22) formed about the outside of the external surface of both the thread (8) as well as formed about the outside of at least a plurality of connections (14) that connect individuai loop tails (12, 91, 92, 93 and 94) to the thread (8), 6. The lace line (17) of example 5 wherein the lace line is further characterized in that the lace line includes an elastic adhesive substance situated between at least the internal surface of the sheath (22) and the external surface of the thread (8), 7. The lace line (17) of any one of examples 1, 2, 3, 4, S and 6 wherein the iace line is further characterized in that the thread (8) includes a thermoplastic core surrounded by a sheath enclosing the thérmopiai¾ίc^i¢¢)½,;th#:S:he8thVencίos¢ng thé thermoplastic core also being internal at least a strength member forming threats (8), the sheath enclosing the thermoplastic core situated about the: external surface of the thermoplastic core and; internal at least the strength member forming at least a portion of thread (8), wherein the thermoplastic core is shaped so as to adopt a shape that occupies a space located InternaI the strength member forming at least a portion of thread (8), 8. The lace line (17) of example 7 wherein the lace line 1$ further characterføed in that the sheath that encloses the thermoplastic core and also' is; internal the strength member forming at least a portion of thread <8}.is mainly impermeable to at least a flowable phase of the thermoplastic core, 9. v the lace Una (17) of examples i to 8 wherein the iaceiine is further characterized shlthat a distance indicated by reference numeral {201) (see FIG. 4} and defining the length of a collapsed and straightened loop tail (12) Is a distance that jadesser than a distance Indicated .by reference numeral (202) (see FIG, 6) and defining a peripheral distance of at least one lacing loop {16; indudlhg at least one loop tail and at least a portion of another loop tail and not including any portion of the lacing loop's periphery that is defined by thread (8) 10. (With reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. 7); A process for forming at least a portion of at least a lace line (17), the process comprising steps of:: a) providing a thread (:8)- having a plurality of individual loop tails (12) connected to the thread at distinct location points (10), so as to provide at least a first ioop tall (91), at least a middle loop tall:(92), and at least a third loop fell (93) connected to the thread at at least three distinct location points (iO) along the thread, and situating the middle loop tali :(92) between the first and third ioop tads (91, 93); b) passing the middle loop tall (92) through an opening in the first loop tasl(9l); ¢) subsequent to step (b), passing the third ioop tail (93) through an opening in the middle loop tall (92), thereby forming at least two lading loops (16) (see FIG. 5), thereby providing for a lace line that is efficient to produce and easy to use, including easy te detach and reattach from netting panels. 11. The process of example 10 further charaoterteed by, the step of selecting to ferm the; plurality of Individual· loop tails (12) provided in step (a) formed from at least a portion of cordage (97), and seiecting to form each loop tail (12) from at least a portion of cordage (97), and Seiecting to form at least, several of the loop tails (12) each with at least, two ioop tail co^age threM connection points (98 antf @9| permanently contacting thread (8) at a location selected:from a group comprising: a) the same location;. b) a iocation where, far a distinct loop tali, both loop tail cordage thread connection points (98 and 99) are in contact with one another; c) a iocation where, for a distinct loop tali,, both loop taii cordage thread connection portions (98 and 99) pass through at feast a portion of thread (8) through a passage aind/ar aperture (41) (see PIG. 3) situated in thread (8) (preferably transverse to the iong dimension of thread ($), i.e. transverse to the long axis of thread (8)., as indicated by dashed lines (43)), and containing at least two side by side sections of a cordage portion (97) forming a particular loop tail (12); d) ia location where, for a distinct ioop tail, both; loop tall cordage threadiConnectlon/potfions: (9$ and 99) pass through at least a; portion of thread (8) through the same passage and/or aperture (4i) formed into thread .(8),. With at least two side by side sections of a cordage portion (97) being iocated within the passage and/or aperture; e) a iocaticm where, for a distinct: ioop tali, loop tail cordage thread connection points (98 and 99) are situated more pmximafCue. more close, or more near) to one another than is the average distance (D)(see FIG. 5) measured between adjacent of distinct location points (iO) along thread (8) when measured with two hundred kg tensionfort^ the thread (8) pius or minus 5 kg tension; and f) a location where, for a distinct loop taii, the distanee between thread connection portions (98 and 99), of a single portion of cordage (97), is between 0% and 21% of a distance (D) (see FIG, 5) measured between a pair (101, 102) of adjacent distinct location points (10) along thread (8) when measured wlthtwo hundred kg tension Ion the thread (8) plus or minus five kg tension. 12. The process of any one of examples 10 and 11 wherein at ieast ten loop tails are provided and at ieast nine lacing loops are formed, 13. The process of any one of examples 10 and It whemin: prior to step (b), the middle loop tail is passed through an opening: in at ieast a portion of hettifsg, thereby attaching the at least a portion of hettihf to at least oné lacing loop, 14. The process of example' 12 wherein the majority of loop tails are passed through at least a portion of netting prior to being passed through another loop tail, thereby attaching the at least a portion of netting to the majority of lacing loops. 15. The process of example 14 wherein the process further includes selecting for the at least a portion of netting a portion of netting seiected :from a group consisting of: at least a portion of a codend; at least a portion of a trawl; and at least a portion of a seine.: 16, The process of example 14 where the process is further characterized by steps of; a j forming at least four iace lines (17); b) providing at least four netting panels ¢33), at least two of the at least four netting panels lying in different planes; c| connecting the at least four lace lines to the at least four netting panels so as to form a codend having an upper port rlhiine (32), a lower port rihline (34), an upper starboard riblme (36) and a lower starboard ribllns (38), where each one of the riblines is formed of one of the lace Sines (17).
    Cod end: embed iments: JO; reference to fig. 9 and FIG. IQ:
    The present disclosure is based upon an unanticipated and: surprising discovery that total or near total escape of juvenile, undersized and nomterge! fish with concurrent economically viable retention of adult target fish selected from a group Snd udlng Mia otic Cod, Red fish, Haddock, Atlantic Pollock and bottom cod is achieved by a codend (30) of the present disclosure having in combination! at least four riblines (31), at least two of the riWines lying in different planes and attached to netting panels (33) that serve a primary function of physically retaining fish (l,fer not netting situated external the codend relative to another sheet of netting and intended to perform as chaffing gear to protect the netting panels (33) against abrasion and friction), in a presently preferred embodiment of the present disclosure there is an upper port rihline (32), a lower port ribline (34), an upper starboard ribiihe (36) and a lower starboard ribline (38); at least four netting panels (33), at least two of the at least four netting panels lying in different planes; ia hang percentage of at least five percent and optimally about ten percent; where the: riblines (3i) are hung4n relative to the netting panels (33:) at a hang percentage that preferably is ten percent, or from nine percent to ten and a half percent, or is In a range of from nine: percent to eleven percent, and also, but; less preferably, can he In a range of from seven percent to twelve percent, and In some Instances, but yet less preferably, can be In a range of from five: percent to fifteen and a half percent; netting panels (33); formed mainly and preferably entirely of T90 netting; a mesh size for the T90 netting's mesh cells (44) that Is equal to or greater than one hundred sixty millimeters (160 mm), as Is contrary to the state in the art, against the trend in industry, and contrary to a widely held belief In the industry that netting formed of such a mesh size is capable of retaining sufficient target fish so as to permit economically viable operations; and most preferably netting that has a mesh size that is equal to or greater than one hundred seventy millimeters (170 mm), and even equal to or greater than one hundred eighty millimeters (ISO mm), and eden equal to or greater than one hundred eighty five millimeters (185 mm), as is contrary to ali held beliefs in the industry that hold that such a netting size cannot retain target sized adult fish selected from a group indudsng Atlantic Cod, Redfish, Haddock, Atlantic Pollock and bottom cod.
    The tota l or neartotal release of juvenile, undersized and non-target fish species with concurrent economicaliy viable retention of aduit target fish by the codend construction of the present disclosure is contrary to the state of the art, against the trend in the industry, and contrary td widely held beliefs in the industry that T90 mesh having a greeter mesh size than currently used TO mesh sizes must, necessarily, escape more adult fish, and also contrary to the widely held belief in the industry that T90 mesh must have a mesh size of one hundred thirty five millimeter (13S mm) or lesser in order to retain a percentage of adult target fish that permits for economically viable fishing operations. The codend construction of the present disclosure also is contrary to the state of the art and against the trend of the industry that holds that Ϊ90 mesh cannot be used with hung-ln codend riblines, and that T9Q mesh is only useful in mesh sizes smaller than one hundred thirty -five millimeter (135 mm) and only in cod ends having two uplines or no ribiihes.
    As shown in FIG. 7, the ribiines (31) are optimaliy formed of the iace line (17) of the present disclosure, in which case the netting panels have peripheral mesh ceils (49) threaded directly onto the tali loops (12) forming the lacing loops (16). However, in other embodiments, the periphery Of the netting panels may be harmed into gores (51) and/or selvedges that are themselves iaced and/or knotted using lashing twine (S3) directly to either a conventional ribiine or to the iace line of the present disclosure forming a rihiine of the present: disclosure.
    For purposes of the present disclosure, when referring to netting used to form a codend of the present disclosure, the netting referred to is netting intended and used to physicaliy retain fish (l.e. not netting situated ekternal the codend relativ to another sheet of netting and intended to perform primarily as chaffing gear); and where the mesh size of the netting intended to physically retain fish preferably is equal to of greater than 160 mm (one hundred sixty millimeters); and where the netting intended to physical iy retain fish Is formed of mesh that preferably is “double knotted" mesh ( kei netting that is formed with two or more adjacent twines and/or strands forming most of the netting's mesh bars and most of the netting's knots).
    Examples of the Codend of the Present Disclosure: 1, A eodend (30) including netting panels, ribHnesahd T90 mesh, the codend characterized in that the codend includes: In combination; at least four ribiioes (31); at least four netting panels (33); at least one of the at least four netting panels formed of mesh that mainly isT90 mesh; a mesh size for at least the majority of the T30 mesh where the mesh size is at feast one hundred sixty millimeters, where escape of non-target juvenile and undersized fish is accomplished with concurrent retention of target sized and target species fish in sufficient quantity and catch rate to enable economic fishing operations. 2, The codend (30) of example i wherein the codend is further characterized in that at least two of the rlbiines are hung in ribiioes having a hang percentage. 3, The codend (30) of examples 2 wherein the hang percentage is in a range of from five percent to twenty-four and a half percent. 4, The Codend (30) of example 3 whsrein the hang percentage Is' between ten percent and twenty-one percent. 5, The codend (30) of example 3 wherein the hang percentage is between fifteen percent and twenty-one percent, 8, The codend (30) of example 3 wherein the hang percentage is between eighteen percent and twenty·'·one percent. 7. The codend (30) of example 3 wherein the hang percentage is about nineteen and a half percent, 8, The codend of any one of examples l to 7 wherein the TOO mesh mainly includes mesh have a mesh size that is at least one hund red sixty ml ill meters. $, The codend of any one of examples 1 to 7 wherein the TW mesh mainly includes mesh have a mesh size that is greater than one hundred sixty millimeters, 10. The codend of any one of examples 1 to 7 wherein the T90 mesh mainly includes mesh have a mesh size that is at least one hundred seventy millimeters.
    It, Theycodénd of any one of examples i to 7 wherein the TOO: mesh mainly includes mesh: have a mesh size that is at least one hundred eighty millimeters, 12. The codend of any one of examples i to 7 wherein the T90 mesh mainly includes mesh: have a mesh size that is at least one hundred eighty-five millimeters. 13. The codend of any one of examples l to 7 wherein the 790 mesh mainly includes mesh have a mesh size that is between one hundreci sixty and one hundred ninety-five; millimeters. 14. The codend of any one of examples 1 to 13 wherein the T9Qi mesh mainiy includes mesh formed of double knotted mesh, I,e. where a pair of twines form the knots and mesh legs. 15. Thecodend of any ode of examples i to 13 wherein twine forming the: T90 mesh mainly has a diameter that is;greater than five millimeters. IS. The codend of any one of examples 1 to 15 wherein twine forming the ΤΘΡ mesh mainly is formed as alepmpact twine (he. has a inner core of pa rallel or laid filaments or fibers enclosed within a very tightly braided sheatbj, 17. The codend of any one of the preceding examples wherein the codend includes retention straps to control the maximum diameter to which the codend can he distended at any given portion of the codend. 18, The codend of any one of the preceding exampies wherein the codend inciudes either or both zippers, doors or flaps that are held dosed by lacing ropes or twines and are capable of being opened so as to permit discharge of fish from the codend.
    Although the present disclosure has been described in terms of the presently preferred embodiment, it is to be under steed that SUich disclosure is purely illustrative and is not to be interpreted: as limiting, Consequently, without departing: from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, various alterations, modifications, and/or aitéfnatiyé applications w|H, no doubt,: be suggested to those skilled in the art after having read the preceding disclosure, Accordingly, it is. Intended that the following claims be interprets ed; as encompassing all alterations, modifications, or alternative applications as fail within the true spirit and scope of the disclosure including eduiyaients'themof,: I ft effecting: the preceding intent, the following claims shaii: 1. not invoke paragraph 6 of 35 U.S.C. § 112 as if exists on the date of filing hereof unless the phrase “means for" appears expressly in the claim'srtéxtf 2. omit ail elements, steps, or functions not expressly appearing therein unless the element, step or function is expressly de-scrlbed as "essen-Alai" or "crftNcaii" 3. not be limited by any other aspect of the present disclosure which does not appear explicitly in the claim's text unless the element, step or function is expmssly be-^scribed as “essen~itiaf!! or “critHcai;” and: 4. when Including the transition word "comprises" or “com^pris-^ing” or any variation thereof., encompass a non exclusive Inclusion, such that a claim which encompasses a process/ method/ artide, or appa ratus that comprises a list of steps or elements includes not only those steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not expressly or inherently Included in the claim's text.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1] 1. A method for producing a lace line (17). the method comprising steps of: a) forming a structure including a strength member (8) having a plurality of individual loops tails (12) connected to the strength member (8) at distinct locations (10) on the strength member (8); b) passing the structure formed by the completion of step (a) above through a braiding machine; and c) selecting to withdraw the loop tails (12) from the braiding machine’s converging strands that converge at the braid point.
    [2] 2. The method of claim 1 wherein step (c) of the method further comprises selecting to withdraw the loop tails (12) from the converging strands prior to the loop tails (12) entering the braid point.
    [3] 3. The method of claim 1 wherein step (c) of the method further comprises selecting to withdraw the loop tails (12) from the converging strands that converge at the braid point so that a smai! portion of each of the loop tails (12) become enclosed by a braided sheath (22), while the majority of each of the loop taiis (12) is not enclosed by the braided sheath (22).
    [4] 4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein step (a) further comprises selecting to form individual loop tails (12, 91, 92, 93 and 94) from distinct portions of material.
    [5] 5. The method of claim 4 further comprising selecting for distinct portions of material forming individua! ioop taiis (12, 91, 92, 93 and 94) distinct portions of material Sacking a connection formed by any of said distinct portions of material to another of said distinct portions of material.
    [6] 6. The method of any one of claims 4 and 5 further comprising selecting individua! loops (1) for the distinct portions of materia! forming the ioop taiis (12, 91, 92, 93 and 94).
    [7] 7. The method of any one of claims 4 to 6 above further including selecting to form the individual loop tails (12) by steps comprising: a) providing several distinct loops (1); b) forming several distinct apertures (41) while selecting to form each distinct aperture (41) traversing the short dimension of the strength member (8) at a distinct location (10); c) passing each of several distinct loops (1) each through a distinct aperture (41) at each distinct location (10).
    [8] 8. The method of claim 7 further comprising: a) passing each distinct loop (1) through each aperture (41) in such a fashion so as to leave a portion of loop (1) on either side of strength member (8), thereby providing, for each distinct loop (1), a first loop opening (9) and a second loop opening (13), the second loop opening (13) being forming a loop tali (12); b) passing each distinct second loop opening (13) of each distinct loop tail (12) through its corresponding first loop opening (9); and c) puiiing taught each distinct second ioop opening (13) of each loop tail (12) in a direction distal the strength member (8) relative to first loop opening (9), so as to tighten loop opening (9).
    [9] 9. The method of claim 8 wherein after step (b) of claim 8 and prior to step (c) of claim 8 the method further comprises: i) making a wrap about strength member (8) with the remaining portion of first loop opening (9); and ii) making a second pass of each distinct second loop opening (13) of each distinct loop tail (12) through its corresponding first loop opening (9).
    [10] 10. The method of ciaim 6 further comprising selecting to connect individual loops (1) to the strength member (8) by lashing.
    [11] 11. The method of claim 6 further comprising selecting to connect individual loops (1) to the strength member (8) by binding.
    [12] 12. The method of any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein step (a) of claim 1 above further comprises selecting for the strength member (8) a braided strength member; and where the step of passing the structure formed by the completion of step (a) of claim 1 above through a braiding machine further comprises subjecting the strength member to stretching and compacting prior to passing the structure formed by the completion of step (a) above through the braiding machine.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201361962974P| true| 2013-11-20|2013-11-20|
    US201361962974|2013-11-20|
    US201361964153P| true| 2013-12-23|2013-12-23|
    US201361964153|2013-12-23|
    IS2014050010|2014-11-20|
    PCT/IS2014/050010|WO2015075750A2|2013-11-20|2014-11-20|Fishing net frame and codend with improved fish escape properties|
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