• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention provides a method for calculating a key performance indicator for a practical partial load of chillers in the design phase. The invention relates to the areas of refrigeration technology in relation to air conditioning systems. By calculating and analyzing the data, e.g. building type, building load, allocation of systems (e.g. refrigeration machines, water pumps, cooling towers, etc.) in a cooling system room, and operating characteristics of a cooling system room in a specific project, etc., the method determines a performance allocation of the cooling machines and a calculation formula the key performance indicator for the practical partial load when operating multiple machines, and takes over a partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the formula and a temperature of the water let into the condensers. The present invention can be used in terms of criteria, e.g. specific operating condition of the project, local meteorological condition, load characteristics, operation of multiple machines, power allocation of the machines, running time etc., provide technical support for the selection of the types of chillers made in the design phase to ensure the accuracy and simplicity of the operating estimate of the partial load of the machines to improve in a particular project.
    公开号:CH715707A2
    申请号:CH01670/19
    申请日:2019-12-19
    公开日:2020-06-30
    发明作者:Wang Jian；Wang Ying；Xu Xiaoyan；Chen Wenzhen；Wu Xiaofei
    申请人:Tongji Arch Design Group Co Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL PART
    The invention relates to the fields of refrigeration technology in relation to air conditioning systems. In particular, it relates to a method for calculating a performance indicator for a practical partial load of refrigeration machines.
    STATE OF THE ART
    When energy consumption of public buildings, the proportion of energy consumption by air conditioning systems is about 40% in the total energy consumption of buildings, while the share of energy consumption by cooling system rooms is about 60% in the energy consumption of all air conditioning systems. Because the energy consumption of refrigeration machines in the cooling system rooms is much higher than the energy consumption of the other systems, the optimization operation of the cooling system rooms is particularly important. It is an important measure for energy saving in buildings to improve the energy efficiency level of the chillers in the cooling system rooms.
    The current state and industry standards, not only in China but also in the world, only concern themselves with regard to the energy efficiency of chillers for efficiency under nominal working conditions and a performance indicator IPLV for a summarized partial load. IPLV stands for an average operating working condition of a single machine, rather an installation implementation of a special project.
    In order to effectively reflect a practical energy efficiency level of refrigerators in a particular project, which includes a reflection of a meteorological condition, load characteristics, number of machines, a running time, etc. in the particular project, it is very necessary to use a calculation formula formulate for a performance indicator for a practical partial load of chillers. This is advantageous for effectively selecting the types of chillers related to the particular project.
    CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
    To this end, the present invention provides a method for calculating a performance indicator for a practical partial load of refrigerators in the design phase in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art described above. The result of the calculation shows a high level of accuracy, which not only enables the design party to select the types of chillers for a specific project, but also to provide the development party with a reference basis for comparing the solutions of chillers.
    [0006] An object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions.
    A method for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of chillers in the design phase. The calculation process has the following steps.
    In step s1, an hourly cooling amount of live chillers running, an hourly temperature Tivon in condensate water and an hourly number of running chillers are calculated. In one embodiment, the hourly cooling quantity of live chillers, the hourly temperature Tivon in condensate water and the hourly number of running chillers are simulated using simulation software.
    In step s2, an hourly partial load rate Rivon the running chillers is calculated according to a nominal cooling amount Q of the running chillers.
    In step s3, an interval of the partial load rate of the machines is divided according to Riin 4 load intervals. The 4 load intervals are each: an interval α, an interval β, an interval γ, and an interval δ. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval α is from 87.5% to 100%. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval β is from 62.5% to 87.5%. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval γ is from 37.5% to 62.5%. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval δ is from 12.5% to 37.5%.
    In step s4, cumulative partial loads Lα, Lβ, Lγ and Lδ are calculated in the 4 load intervals, and average temperatures Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδdes of the water let into the condensers as well as a total cumulative partial load L of the 4 load intervals are calculated.
    In step s5, weight coefficients of the 4 load intervals are calculated according to Lα, Lβ, Lγ, Lδund L. The weight coefficients are:<tb> <SEP> α = Lα ÷ L,<tb> <SEP> β = Lβ ÷ L,<tb> <SEP> γ = Lγ ÷ L, and<tb> <SEP> δ = Lδ ÷ L.
    In step s6, a formula for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of refrigeration machines according to Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδ as well as α, β, γ and δ is derived. The formula is:RPLV = α × A + β × B + γ × C + δ × D,in which:<tb> <SEP> A is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 94% and the corresponding temperature of the water in the condensers of Tα;<tb> <SEP> B is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 75% and the corresponding temperature of the water of Tβ taken into the condensers;<tb> <SEP> C is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 50% and the corresponding temperature of the water of Tγ let into the condensers; and<tb> <SEP> D is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 25% and the corresponding temperature of the water in the condensers of Tδ.
    [0014] The hourly partial load rate of Rider chillers is preferably calculated using the following formula:RI = ΣLI ÷ ΣQ,where ∑L is a sum of the hourly cooling amounts of all running machines, and where ∑Q is a total cooling amount of running machines.
    The intermittent partial loading rates Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδ of the refrigeration machines are calculated using the following formula:Tj = ∑Ti, j ÷ Hj,where j = α, β, γ, δ. ∑Ti, j is a sum of the hourly temperatures of the water let into the condensers in the interval j, and Hj is a number of the running hours in the interval j.
    The cumulative partial loads Lα, Lβ, Lγ and Lδ in the 4 load intervals and the total cumulative partial load L of the 4 load intervals are calculated using the following formulas:Lj = ∑ (Li, j × Hi, j), andL = Lα + Lβ + Lγ + Lδ,where LI, J is an hourly amount of cooling of the chillers in the interval j, and where HI, J is an hourly run time (i.e. 1 hour) of the corresponding machines in the interval j.
    The method of calculating the key performance indicator for the practical partial load of chillers of the invention has the practical hourly load of buildings according to the criteria, e.g. practical operating conditions of the project, local meteorological conditions, load characteristics, operation of several machines, power allocation of the machines, running time etc. are taken into account.
    When formulating the formula for calculating the key performance indicator RPLV for the practical partial load of refrigeration machines, the idea for calculating IPLV, which is specified in the USA AR1550 / 590-98 standard, is taken into account. However, the invention differs from the standard using the nominal working condition as the calculation basis in that the partial load rate of the machines and the temperature of the water let into the condensers both reflect the practical operating condition of the machines. The RPLV of the machines calculated using this formula can better reflect the key performance indicator for the practical partial load on the machines of a specific project.
    [0019] Furthermore, the USA AR1550 / 590-98 standard and all domestic and foreign methods for calculating IPLV only take into account operating working conditions for a single machine, while this invention takes into account the operating conditions for the power allocation of multiple machines. According to the invention, the calculation method can be suitable for the working conditions of a large number of machine assignments and is more applicable and spreadable.
    In addition, according to the invention, the 4 weighting coefficients corresponding to the calculation formula for RPLV relate to the cumulative load rates, which are calculated cumulatively within the respective load intervals, rather to the simple time ratio. The 4 weight coefficients determined in this way are scientific and rational.
    In summary, the practical ongoing energy efficiency level of the chillers in a particular project can be reflected in that the method for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of chillers is adopted according to the invention.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE PICTURES
    [0022]<tb> <SEP> FIG. 1 is, according to the invention, a method for calculating a performance indicator for a practical partial load of chillers in the design phase in a schematic view.<tb> <SEP> FIG. 2 is an hourly output diagram of a simulation result under the practical working conditions in one embodiment.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    The invention is described in detail as follows with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. These embodiments are implemented provided the technical solution of the present invention is provided, and the specific mode of implementation and operating method are given. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
    [0024] FIG. 1 according to the invention is the method for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of the refrigeration machines in one embodiment.
    In this embodiment, 4 centrifugal refrigerators, the cooling amount of which are 4219 kW, and one centrifugal refrigerator, the cooling amount of which is 2110 kW (i.e., the total cooling amount is Q 18986 kW) in the refrigeration room. The calculation method in this embodiment has the following steps.
    In step s1, an hourly cooling amount of live chillers running, an hourly temperature Tivon in condensate water and an hourly number of running chillers are simulated by means of simulation software. The result is as shown in FIG. 2 (Note: The "2 g. 1 k." Refers to the condition that 2 large machines and 1 small machine are in operation simultaneously, and so on) is displayed.
    In step s2, an hourly partial load rate Rivon the running chillers is calculated according to a nominal cooling quantity Q of the running chillers. The hourly partial load rate Riist:Ri = Li ÷ Q,
    In step s3, an interval of the partial load rate of the machines is divided according to Riin 4 load intervals. The 4 load intervals are each: an interval α, an interval β, an interval γ, and an interval δ. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval α is from 87.5% to 100%. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval β is from 62.5% to 87.5%. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval γ is from 37.5% to 62.5%. The partial load rate of the machines corresponding to the interval δ is from 12.5% to 37.5%.
    In step s4, cumulative partial loads Lα, Lβ, Lγ and Lδ are calculated in the 4 load intervals, and average temperatures Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδdes of water let into the condensers as well as a total cumulative partial load L of the 4 load intervals are calculated.
    In step s5, weight coefficients of the 4 load intervals are calculated in accordance with Lα, Lβ, Lγ, Lδ and L. The weight coefficients are:<tb> <SEP> α = Lα ÷ L,<tb> <SEP> β = Lβ ÷ L,<tb> <SEP> γ = Lγ ÷ L, and<tb> <SEP> δ = Lδ ÷ L.
    In step s6 according to Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδ as well as α, β, γ and δ a formula for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of refrigeration machines is derived. The formula is:RPLV = α × A + β × B + γ × C + δ × D,in which:<tb> <SEP> A is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 94% and the corresponding temperature of the water in the condensers of Tα;<tb> <SEP> B is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 75% and the corresponding temperature of the water of Tβ taken into the condensers;<tb> <SEP> C is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 50% and the corresponding temperature of the water of Tγ let into the condensers;<tb> <SEP> D is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 25% and the corresponding temperature of the water in the condensers of Tδ.
    In step s2, the hourly partial load rate of Rider chillers is calculated using the following formula:Ri = ∑Li ÷ ∑Q,where ΣL is a sum of the hourly cooling quantities of all running machines and the buzzer of all running machines in the interval α in the first hour is 16.02 kW; where ∑Q is a total nominal cooling quantity of the running machines, and the total nominal cooling quantity of the running machines is 2110 kW. Thus, a partial load rate of all running chillers in the interval α in the first hour is Ri, α = 16.02kW ÷ 2110kW = 0.76%.
    In step s4, the average temperature Tα of the water let into the condensers in the interval α is calculated according to the following formula:Tα = ∑Ti, α ÷ Hα = (T1, α + T2, α + ...... + T459, α) ÷ (H1, α + H2, α + ..... + H459, α) =(27.86 + 28.22 + ...... + 25.69) ÷ 459 = 28.99 ° C,where ∑Ti, α is a sum of the hourly temperatures of the water let into the condensers in the interval α, and Hα is the number of running hours in the interval α. The result is Tα28.99 ° C. In the same way Tβ, Tγ and Tδ can be calculated, which are respectively 28.84 ° C, 27.77 ° C and 26.31 ° C.
    In step s4, the cumulative partial load Lα in the interval α and the total cumulative partial load L of the 4 load intervals are calculated using the following formula:Lα = Σ (Li, α × Hi, α) = L1, α × H1, α + L2, α × H2, α + ......+ L459, α × H459, α = 10184.55 × 1 + 10340.14 × 1 + ...... + 1989.01 × 1 = 4610254kW-hour,where Li, α is an hourly cooling amount of the running chillers in the interval α, and Hi, α is an hourly running time (i.e. 1 hour) of the corresponding machines in the interval α. From this is Lα4610254kW hour. In the same way, Lβ, Lγ and Lδ can be calculated, which are respectively 7622628kW-hour, 824883.7kW-hour, and 101520kW-hour. Thus L = Lα + Lβ + Lγ + Lδ = 4610254 + 7622628 + 824883.7 + 101520 = 13159286kW-hour.
    In step s5, the weight coefficients α, β, γ and δ are calculated using the following formulas:<tb> <SEP> α = Lα ÷ L = 4610254 ÷ 13159286 = 0.35,<tb> <SEP> β = Lβ ÷ L = 7622628 ÷ 13159286 = 0.58,<tb> <SEP> γ = Lγ ÷ L = 824883.7 ÷ 13159286 = 0.062, and<tb> <SEP> δ = Lδ ÷ L = 101520 ÷ 13159286 = 0.008.
    In step s6, a formula for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of refrigeration machines according to Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδ as well as α, β, γ and δ is derived. The formula is as follows:RPLV = 0.35A + 0.58B + 0.062C + 0.008D,in which:<tb> <SEP> A is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 94% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 28.99 ° C;<tb> <SEP> B is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 75% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 28.84 ° C;<tb> <SEP> C is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 50% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 27.77 ° C; and<tb> <SEP> D is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 25% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 26.31 ° C.
    According to the data measured practically after installation and operation of the cooling system room in this embodiment, the performance indicator for the practical partial load of the practically running refrigeration machines in this embodiment is calculated by the calculation method. The calculation result is as follows:RPLV = 0.3612A + 0.5656B + 0.06517C + 0.008043D,in which:<tb> <SEP> A is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 94% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 28.25 ° C;<tb> <SEP> B is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 75% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 27.97 ° C;<tb> <SEP> C is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 50% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 27.03 ° C; and<tb> <SEP> D is a COP with the partial load rate of the machines of 25% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of 25.94 ° C.
    Through the calculation method of this invention, and when comparing the calculation formula of a performance indicator for a practical partial load using practical measured data with that using simulation software, the w deviations of the weight coefficients α, β, γ and δ in each of the 4 load intervals are 3.11%, - 2.37%, 3.97% and 4.25%, and the deviations of the average temperatures Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδdes of the water let into the condensers in the 4 load intervals are respectively -2.55%, -3.02%, -2.66% and -1.41%, whereby the all deviations are within ± 5%.
    Based on the above descriptions, those skilled in the art can obviously recognize that the present invention is often practiced by feeding a program over a network or storage medium to a computer system, and reading and executing the program by means of a device or at least of a processor in the computer system or the device can be achieved, the program realizing one or more functions of the exemplary embodiments described above, and wherein the computer system comprises a memory and at least one processor. The present steps of the method of the above-described embodiments are carried out in part or in their entirety when the program stored in the memory is executed by at least one processor.It is also obvious that the various aspects of the embodiments, as well as the implementations or features of the above-described embodiments, can be used separately or in any combination. The various aspects of the described embodiments may be implemented in part or in full by software, hardware, or a combination of hardware and software. The described embodiments can also be embodied as computer-readable code on a computer-readable medium for implementing the method, or as computer-readable code on a computer-readable medium for controlling a method. The computer readable medium is any data storage device that can store data and the stored data can then be read by a computer system. Examples of computer readable media include read-only memory (ROM), randomaccess memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, HDDs, DVDs, magnetic tapes, and optical data storage devices. The computer-readable medium can also be distributed over network-connected computer systems, so that the computer-readable code is stored and executed in a distributed form.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. A method for calculating a key performance indicator for a practical partial load of chillers in the design phase, characterized in that the calculation method comprises the following steps:Step s1: Simulative calculation, carried out by means of a simulation software, of an hourly cooling amount of live chillers, an hourly temperature Tivon water in condensers, and an hourly number of running chillers;Step s2: Calculation of an hourly partial load rate Rivon the running chillers according to a nominal cooling quantity Q of the running chillers;Step s3: Subdivision of an interval of the partial load rate of the machines according to Riin 4 load intervals, each of which is an interval α, an interval β, an interval γ, and an interval δ, the interval α being the interval of the partial load rate of the machines of 87.5% ≤ Ri ≤100%, the interval β the interval of the partial load rate of the machines of 62.5% ≤ Ri <87.5%, the interval γ the interval of the partial load rate of the machines of 37.5% ≤ Ri <62.5%, and the interval δ the interval of the partial load rate of the machines of 12.5% ≤ Ri <37.5%;Step s4: respective calculation of cumulative partial loads Lα, Lβ, Lγ and Lδ in the 4 load intervals, and respective calculation of average temperatures Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδdes water let into the condensers, and calculation of a total cumulative partial load L of the 4 load intervals;Step s5: Calculation of weight coefficients of the 4 load intervals according to Lα, Lβ, Lγ, Lδ and L, the weight coefficients being as follows in each case:α = Lα ÷ L,β = Lβ ÷ L,γ = Lγ ÷ L, andδ = Lδ ÷ L;Step s6: Derivation of a formula for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of refrigeration machines according to Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδ as well as α, β, γ and δ, the formula being as follows:RPLV = α × A + β × B + γ × C + δ × D,where A is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 94% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers;where B is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 75% and the corresponding temperature of the water taken into the condensers of Tβ;where C is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 50% and the corresponding temperature of the water of Tγ let into the condensers; andwhere D is a COP at the partial load rate of the machines of 25% and the corresponding temperature of the water let into the condensers of Tδ.
    [2]
    2. The method for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of the chillers in the design phase according to claim 1, characterized in that the hourly partial load rate R1 of the chillers is calculated in step s2 according to the following formula:Ri = ∑Li ÷ ∑Q,where ∑L is a sum of the hourly cooling quantities of all running machines, and where ∑Q is a sum of the nominal cooling quantities of all running machines.
    [3]
    3. The method for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of the chillers in the design phase according to claim 2, characterized in that the average temperatures Tα, Tβ, Tγ and Tδdes water let into the condensers are calculated in step s4 according to the following formula:Tj = ∑Ti, j ÷ Hj,where j = α, β, γ, and δ, and where Ti, j is a sum of the hourly temperatures of the water let into the condensers for the chiller load rates in the interval j, and where Hj is the number of running hours for the chiller load rates is in the interval j.
    [4]
    4. The method for calculating the performance indicator for the practical partial load of the chillers in the design phase according to claim 3, characterized in that the cumulative partial loads Lα, Lβ, Lγ and Lδ in the 4 load intervals and the total cumulative partial load L of the 4 load intervals in step s4 following formulas can be calculated:Lj = Σ (Li, j × Hi, j), andL = Lα + Lβ + Lγ + Lδ,where Li, j is the sum of the hourly cooling amount of the running chillers in the interval j, and where Hi, j is the hourly running time of the corresponding machines in the interval j.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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