• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a burst protection device for a turbomachine (10) with a paddle wheel housing (11), which has an axis (12) and a paddle wheel (13) rotatably mounted in the paddle wheel housing (11) about the axis (12), the burst protection device Paddle wheel housing (11) encloses at least in the area of the paddle wheel (13) in a circumferential direction of the paddle wheel (13) and is formed in one piece from at least one burst protection element (1), the at least one burst protection element (1) made of a material with an elongation at break of at least 30 % consists.
    公开号:CH715048A2
    申请号:CH00598/19
    申请日:2019-05-06
    公开日:2019-12-13
    发明作者:Spatz Urban；Braun Steffen；Albrecht Daniel；Denkel Harald；Weihard Stefan；Haas Bernd；Niebuhr Johannes
    申请人:Man Energy Solutions Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a burst protection device for a turbomachine, preferably a turbine or a compressor.
    [0002] Various burst protection devices for turbomachines are already known in the prior art. Burst protection devices serve to intercept flying parts in the event of the bursting of parts of turbomachines, such as, for example, the bursting of an impeller or bucket wheel of a turbomachine, so that these parts do not pose any danger to people and adjacent machines are not damaged. However, the burst protection devices known in the prior art are mostly expensive to manufacture due to their structure and material and are heavy.
    The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a cheap and light burst protection device for turbomachines, which at the same time offers high protection against flying parts in the event of a burst.
    This object is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.
    According to the invention, a burst protection device for a turbomachine with a paddle wheel housing is proposed. The paddle wheel housing has an axis and a paddle wheel which is rotatably mounted about the axis in the paddle wheel housing. The burst protection device encloses the impeller housing at least in the region of the impeller in a circumferential direction of the impeller. Furthermore, the burst protection device is formed in one piece and preferably in one piece from at least one burst protection element. The at least one burst protection element consists of a material with an elongation at break of at least 30%.
    When bursting rotating components, such as when the impeller bursts, the parts resulting from the bursting often break through the impeller housing. In part, the impeller housing is literally blown up, so that the parts of the impeller housing come to the original parts of the impeller. By means of a burst protection device with a burst protection element made of a material with an elongation at break of at least 30%, the kinetic energy of the flying parts is completely converted into a deformation energy of the burst protection element upon impact of the flying parts, whereby the burst protection element has a sufficiently high notched impact strength due to its material has in order to be deformed by the flying parts but not to break itself and preferably to withstand the flying parts completely. As a result, the flying parts are braked and caught by the burst protection element.
    Furthermore, a high notched impact strength is advantageous, since such a material with an elongation at break of over 30% converts more kinetic energy from flying parts into deformation energy of the burst protection element than is the case with protective devices known in the prior art with “standard materials”. In the case of “standard materials”, the parts flying around would break through the burst protection element and be braked but not stopped, as a result of which part of the kinetic energy of the parts is not converted by the burst protection element. Due to the high elongation at break and the high impact strength, the burst protection device can be formed from a comparatively thin material and a few layers stacked one above the other, so that weight is saved and the manufacturing process of the burst protection device is more favorable. The material is preferably a stainless steel.
    Due to the lower weight and the few layers, the burst protection device has a low susceptibility to vibration, so that the susceptibility to vibration of the entire turbomachine is also reduced. Due to the lower weight and the volume savings associated with the construction, a small dimensioning of the burst protection device and the turbomachine is possible and a connection to surrounding assemblies or components is simplified. In addition, the assembly of the burst protection device or the fluid machine is simplified.
    In an advantageous further development of the burst protection device, the burst protection element encloses the impeller housing in the region of the impeller at least partially in the circumferential direction of the impeller, the burst protection element also extending along the impeller in the direction of the axis. The burst protection element preferably completely surrounds the impeller housing.
    A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the burst protection element is formed from at least one sheet. Accordingly, the burst protection element can be formed in one piece from a plurality of metal sheets.
    In particular, a variant of the invention is advantageous in which the burst protection element is formed in one piece from exactly one sheet or the burst protection device is formed in one piece from exactly one burst protection element from exactly one sheet.
    Alternatively, the burst protection device can be provided from several burst protection elements and preferably in one piece.
    In general, it is understood in one piece that the burst protection device or the burst protection element is made from one piece, for example from a single sheet. A one-piece burst protection device or a one-piece burst protection element can be in one piece, but can also be formed from several individual elements and connected to one part, for example by screwing, riveting or welding.
    CH 715 048 A2 If, in a further advantageous embodiment, the burst protection element is formed from a plurality of sheets, it has a layered structure which is determined by at least two sheets stacked on top of one another.
    [0015] In order to increase the stability of the burst protection device, a further embodiment variant provides that the metal sheets are connected to one another in a material or form-fitting manner. For example, the sheets can be welded together. In the case of a positive connection, the sheets can each form a frame or part of a frame around the impeller housing, an inner frame in each case fitting into and resting on an outer frame, so that the frames cannot move relative to one another. The outer frame can also be bent around the inner frame, so that the frames are only positively connected by the bending process or the manufacturing process of the outer frame.
    It is advantageously provided in a further embodiment that the sheet has a thickness between 1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 10 mm and further preferably about 5 mm. Due to a thickness of the sheet between 1 mm and 10 mm or equal to 5 mm, the burst protection element can be formed from exactly one sheet, which, however, can be deformed by a bending process without the sheet being damaged by the bending process. The burst protection device becomes significantly less susceptible to vibration, particularly in the case of thicknesses from 5 mm. A variant of the burst protection device accordingly provides that the burst protection element is formed by bending the sheet metal.
    In an advantageous development, the material, the burst protection device or the sheet is a solution-annealed austenitic corrosion-resistant steel, which preferably provides the elongation at break of at least 30%.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the material further comprises 00.02 to 00.12% carbon, 00.50 to 01.50% silicon, 01.50 to 02.50% manganese, 00.00 to 00.10% phosphorus , 00.00 to 00.10% sulfur, 15.00 to 25.00% chromium, 00.00 to 01.00% nitrogen and 05.00 to 15.00% nickel.
    Preferably, the material comprises 00.07% carbon, 01.00% silicon, 02.00% manganese, 00.00 to 00.045% phosphorus, 00.00 to 00.015% sulfur, 17.50 to 19.50% chromium , 00.00 to 00.10% nitrogen and 08.00 to 10.50% nickel. [0021] According to the invention, a turbomachine with a turbomachine housing and a paddle wheel housing is also proposed. The turbomachine housing surrounds the impeller housing and is formed in one piece from a first housing section and a second housing section. The first housing section is formed by the burst protection device according to one of the preceding claims. A material of the first and second housing sections differs so that, for example, the first housing section can be formed from a heavier material with a higher elongation at break than the second housing section. As a result, the turbomachine housing can be designed to be suitable for burst protection, so that areas in which bursting is to be expected can be designed thereon with a burst protection device adapted thereon, and the further areas which are surrounded by the second housing section can be formed from a lighter, less stable material.
    Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims or are shown below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figure.
    1 shows an exemplary schematic structure of a fluid flow machine according to the invention with a burst protection device according to the invention.
    The turbomachine 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a turbocharger. A paddle wheel 11 rotates about the axis 12 driven by hot exhaust gases in a paddle wheel housing 11. In order to minimize the danger to surrounding systems and people when the paddle wheel 11 bursts, a burst protection device according to the invention is arranged around the paddle wheel housing 11. The burst protection device is formed by a burst protection element 1, which rotates the impeller 13 in its circumferential direction around the axis 12 and thereby also encloses the impeller housing 11 in its interior. In a longitudinal direction of the axis 12 that is orthogonal to the plane of representation, the burst protection element 1 extends over the entire width of the impeller 13 in the longitudinal direction of the axis 12.
    If, for example, a blade of the blade wheel 13 breaks, at least part of the blade is flung against the blade wheel housing 11, which is usually designed as a cast part. The impact causes the blade wheel housing 11, the part of the blade and, under certain circumstances, further blades of the blade wheel 13 to be blown up or destroyed, as a result of which several parts, hereinafter referred to as projectiles, are thrown outward at high speed from the axis 12 in the radial direction. The projectiles (flying parts) can also penetrate through the remaining paddle wheel housing 11 or cause them to burst completely. If the projectiles hit the burst protection device formed from the burst protection element 1, the burst protection element 1 is deformed, whereby it does not break or tear due to its high impact strength and its elongation at break of over 30%. Due to the deformation, the kinetic energy of the projectiles is converted into a deformation energy acting on the burst protection element 1 until there is no longer any kinetic energy of the projectiles. The projectiles can also bounce off the burst protection element 1 and lose their kinetic energy due to multiple impacts on the burst protection element 1 and the kinetic energy used inside the burst protection device.
    CH 715 048 A2 The turbomachine 10 shown in FIG. 1 also has a sensor system S for detecting various characteristic values, such as, for example, a rotational speed of the impeller 13. The entire turbomachine is surrounded by a common turbomachine housing, the impeller housing 11 with the impeller 13 being provided in a first housing section 21 and the sensor system S in a second housing section 22. The first housing section 21 is formed by a burst protection device with a burst protection element 1, the second housing section 22 being fastened to the latter, for example by screws. In order to realize a cost-effective turbomachine housing, the first housing section 21 is made of a material in accordance with the specifications of the burst protection device with a high impact strength and an elongation at break of at least 30%, whereas the second housing section 22 can be made of plastic, for example. Instead of or in addition to a sensor system S, further components of the fluid machine 10 can also be arranged in the second housing section 22.
    The invention is not limited in its implementation to the preferred exemplary embodiments specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown, even in the case of fundamentally different types.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Burst protection device for a turbomachine (10) with a paddle wheel housing (11), which has an axis (12) and a paddle wheel (13) rotatably mounted about the axis (12) in the paddle wheel housing (11), wherein the burst protection device has the paddle wheel housing ( 11) encloses at least in the region of the impeller (11) in a circumferential direction of the impeller (13) and is formed in one piece from at least one burst protection element (1), the at least one burst protection element (1) consisting of a material with an elongation at break of at least 30% ,
    [2]
    2. Burst protection device according to the preceding claim, wherein the burst protection element (1) at least partially surrounds the impeller housing (11) in the region of the impeller (13) in the circumferential direction of the impeller (13) and along the impeller (13) in the direction of the axis (12) extends.
    [3]
    3. burst protection device according to the preceding claim 1 or 2, wherein the burst protection element (1) is formed from at least one sheet.
    [4]
    4. burst protection device according to the preceding claim 3, wherein the burst protection element (1) is formed in one piece from exactly one sheet or the burst protection device is formed in one piece from exactly one sheet.
    [5]
    5. burst protection device according to the preceding claim 3, wherein the burst protection element (1) has a layered structure, which is determined by at least two layers stacked on top of each other.
    [6]
    6. Burst protection device according to the preceding claim, wherein the sheets are connected to one another in a material or positive manner.
    [7]
    7. Burst protection device according to one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the sheet has a thickness between 1 mm and 10 mm, preferably 5 mm.
    [8]
    8. burst protection device according to one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the burst protection element (1) is formed by bending the sheet metal.
    [9]
    9. Burst protection device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the material is a solution-annealed austenitic corrosion-resistant steel.
    [10]
    10. Burst protection device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the material
    00.02 to 00.12% carbon,
    00.50 to 01.50% silicon,
    01.50 to 02.50% manganese,
    00.00 to 00.10% phosphorus,
    00.00 to 00.10% sulfur,
    15.00 to 25.00% chromium,
    00.00 to 01.00% nitrogen and
    05.00 to 15.00% nickel.
    [11]
    11. turbomachine (10) with a turbomachine housing and an impeller housing (11), the turbomachine housing surrounding the impeller housing (11) and being formed in one piece from a first housing section (21) and a second housing section (22), the first housing section (21 ) is formed by a burst protection device according to one of the preceding claims and a material of the first and second housing sections (21, 22) differs.
    CH 715 048 A2
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20190376413A1|2019-12-12|
    JP2019210932A|2019-12-12|
    CN110566293A|2019-12-13|
    DE102018113396A1|2019-12-12|
    KR20190138751A|2019-12-16|
    RU2019117362A|2020-12-07|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5336044A|1993-08-06|1994-08-09|General Electric Company|Blade containment system and method|
    DE102009049841B4|2009-10-14|2015-01-15|Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh|Gas turbine engine and internal combustion engine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018113396.0A|DE102018113396A1|2018-06-06|2018-06-06|Burst protection device for a turbomachine|
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