• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a retaining wall element (1) comprising a wall body (10) with a visible side and a support side (11), according to the invention at least one of the visible side accessible in the wall body (10) arranged anchor can (32) is provided. The anchor can (32) is connected to the support side (11) by means of at least one continuous horizontal anchor opening (35) for passing an associated horizontal anchor (50) and the anchor can (32) has at least one support surface (34) for attachment of the associated horizontal anchor (50). on.
    公开号:CH714770A2
    申请号:CH01448/18
    申请日:2018-11-23
    公开日:2019-09-13
    发明作者:Korrodi Guido；Korrodi Marco
    申请人:Gmk – System Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CH 714 770 A2
    description
    TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a retaining wall element for erecting a retaining wall, the retaining wall elements comprising a wall body with a supporting side. The invention further relates to a retaining wall which is erected from such retaining wall elements and a connection module for such a retaining wall.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION CH 676 015 describes a retaining wall construction for securing backfills with a wall that forms an outer skin and consists of a plurality of prefabricated elements that are lined up horizontally and vertically. Wall posts protrude through through openings in the prefabricated elements, which are connected to injection bearing posts via coupling sleeves. The prefabricated elements rest on supports that are screwed onto the lower sections of the wall posts. In order to secure the piles against lateral migration, ground nails are provided on the circumference of the coupling sleeve, which protrude into the adjacent soil at different angles. The prefabricated elements are molded concrete blocks with through holes for the wall piles that are symmetrical to their vertical center plane. The prefabricated elements are connected in the horizontal direction by means of a tongue and groove connection. The remaining cavities of the prefabricated elements are poured with concrete after the wall has been created, which, however, can lead to uneven finishes on the top of the wall, which could lead to problems with the desired resistance to frost salt.
    Another disadvantage of this retaining wall construction is that it is complex and therefore rather expensive to erect, in particular because many individual profiled blocks have to be pushed over previously attached support and wall piles and stacked one above the other. It is necessary that the support piles are driven into the ground at precisely defined positions first. In addition, due to the relatively weak anchoring of pegs, the support structure cannot absorb large transverse loads - among other things, because they attack the coupling sleeves below the wall. So-called earth reinforcements are used to absorb higher shear loads, but in many cases this is not possible.
    From CH 684 102 a retaining wall structure is known, which is also anchored in the ground with vertically driven injection piles. To accommodate the transverse loads, it also has injection piles driven at an angle at different angles. Reinforcing bars are attached between the ends of the vertical injection piles protruding from the ground. The free ends of the oblique injection piles are connected to the vertical injection piles. The actual concrete retaining wall is then built in a known manner using formwork by pouring the ends of the injection piles and the reinforcing bars into concrete. Here too, the erection of the support structure on site is time-consuming and therefore expensive.
    Another known system, like the retaining wall construction from CH 676 015, has several concrete profiled blocks. In contrast to the retaining wall construction from CH 676 015, the cross anchors, e.g. Earth nails, on the other hand attached to the wall posts by means of steel cables, e.g. by flipping. To do this, a notch is made in the respective section stone to attach the steel cables. In this case too, the construction of the retaining wall construction is time-consuming and cost-intensive. Due to the centrally arranged through openings for the wall piles, which will later be completely concreted, the finished retaining walls have a thickness of 25 cm or more, which can also lead to increased material costs, especially for concrete.
    The CH 707 671 of the same applicant shows a retaining wall element with a wall body, which has a support side on which at least one projecting connecting element for an anchor rod is attached. The projecting connection element has at least one through anchor opening for the passage and attachment of the respective anchor rod. Such retaining wall elements allow a simple, quick and inexpensive construction of retaining walls in comparison to the systems mentioned above. Especially with relatively high retaining walls and e.g. in the case of difficult geological subsoil, additional anchoring in the subsoil may also be necessary when using such retaining wall elements, which makes it difficult to construct a retaining wall.
    DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a retaining wall element, or a retaining wall, which in particular enables fast and inexpensive construction of retaining walls even with difficult to support material (e.g. geological subsoil such as loose earth and rocky areas). In order to be able to build a retaining wall stably and securely from several retaining wall elements in the long term under such general conditions, the use of essentially horizontal, i.e. Proposed floor or rock anchors perpendicular to the support sides of at least individual retaining wall elements (or the wall body of this retaining wall element). Such horizontal anchors can in particular be rod anchors and / or strand anchors, it being possible to use other types of anchors. In particular, self-drilling anchors or injection anchors can be used, which allow self-drilling installation, while simultaneously using the anchor rod as a drill rod with a lost drill bit. After drilling the self-drilling anchors into the subsurface, they can be injected with an injection agent or. injection
    CH 714 770 A2 mortels can be anchored in the underground. It is also possible to use drill anchors known per se, which are drilled in a cased manner. Here, e.g. Pre-injected anchor rods are inserted into the drill pipe, which are then completely surrounded by the injection mortar in the subsurface.
    Especially in the case of difficult geological subsurface, the problem often arises in practice that certain areas of the subsurface are not suitable for the introduction of an anchor. On the one hand, lines such as electrical lines or water pipes and drainage lines may be present in the underground to be supported, which must be avoided when horizontal anchors are inserted. Furthermore, the subsurface to be supported can also have an inhomogeneous geological structure, in which e.g. Certain horizontally deposited layers, even when using anchors with injection mortar, do not allow adequate mechanical anchoring and should therefore be avoided when positioning a horizontal anchor. This means that in such situations the horizontal wall anchors made from retaining wall elements known from the prior art cannot be used or can only be used with great effort. In particular, complex pre- and / or post-processing of the retaining wall elements and special anchor heads are necessary in order not to critically influence the mechanical integrity of the retaining wall element and nevertheless to obtain a permanently loadable power transmission between a horizontal anchor introduced into the subsurface and the retaining wall element.
    [0009] It is an object of the present invention to solve at least one of the above problems.
    A retaining wall element according to the invention normally comprises a wall body with a support side and a visible side and at least one anchor box accessible from the visible side and arranged in the wall body. According to the invention, the anchor socket is connected to the support side by means of at least one continuous horizontal anchor opening for the implementation of an assigned horizontal anchor. The anchor box has at least one support surface for fastening the associated horizontal anchor. For certain applications, several horizontal anchors can be used and fastened in the same anchor socket. An anchor socket can also be arranged at least partially on the visible side of the wall body, i.e. protrude at least partially from the visible side. Good results can be achieved if the wall body is at least partially made of reinforced concrete.
    The retaining wall elements designed in this way can be used in a wide variety of ways. You can e.g. to secure buildings, such as traffic routes, especially on slopes or for garden walls or to secure the shores of water e.g. against flooding.
    For certain applications, a retaining wall element according to the invention can also have several such anchor boxes with horizontal anchor openings, which can be arranged in a certain way in the wall body.
    A mechanically advantageous force transmission between the horizontal anchor and the wall body can be achieved if the at least one bearing surface is set up to receive a bearing plate. As a result, a mechanically advantageous transmission of force between the horizontal anchor and the retaining wall element can be achieved in a relatively simple manner, as will be explained further below. According to one embodiment, an anchor box can also have a plurality of support surfaces, for example two support surfaces, which are separated from one another by the horizontal anchor opening. In an embodiment of a retaining wall element suitable for certain applications, the anchor box has a can volume for receiving a securing element (e.g. a spherical collar and / or hexagon nut) for the associated horizontal anchor. With such an embodiment of a retaining wall element, if required, an anchor head used for connecting the horizontal anchor can be easily protected from weather-related damage after the connection has been made, for example by the anchor box is closed with a cover to the visible side of the wall body. Alternatively or in addition, once the horizontal anchor has been connected, the anchor socket can be at least partially filled with a backfill material (e.g. an injection mortar or a polymer).
    A particularly cost-effective embodiment of a retaining wall element can be achieved if the anchor box and the horizontal anchor opening are at least partially formed by an anchor sleeve, as will be explained in more detail below in connection with the figures included. Such an anchor sleeve can, for example, be made at least partially from a sheet metal or from a plastic. An anchor sleeve made of plastic can be produced in particular by means of an injection molding process.
    An embodiment with a particularly high mechanical strength and rigidity can be achieved if the wall body on the support side has a bulge surrounding the horizontal anchor opening, or if the total thickness of the wall body in the area of the horizontal anchor opening increases compared to the average thickness of the remaining wall body is. In this way, the stress distribution in the wall body caused by a horizontal anchor can be improved, as will be explained in more detail below in connection with the figures. A mechanically particularly resilient retaining wall element can be achieved if it consists essentially of reinforced concrete and the reinforcement in the region of the bulge is arranged in such a way that forces introduced by a horizontal anchor are distributed from the bulge into the surrounding wall body.
    In certain embodiments of a retaining wall element according to the invention, such a bulge is at least partially limited by at least one frame element surrounding the horizontal anchor opening. Such a frame element enables, in particular, a simpler and therefore also more cost-effective production of retaining wall elements with bulges.
    CH 714 770 A2 In order to improve the internal stress distribution in certain load cases acting on a retaining wall element, the at least one frame element can be at least partially embedded in the wall body, as will be explained in more detail below.
    In order to simplify the manufacture of a retaining wall element with bulge, such a frame element can be mechanically operatively connected via at least one web to the at least one anchor socket and / or the at least one horizontal anchor opening (or the anchor sleeve partially delimiting them). In particular, the frame element, the anchor socket and / or the horizontal anchor socket can be formed in one piece.
    In order to achieve a relatively high degree of freedom with regard to the alignment of a horizontal anchor within a preferred angular range relative to the support side of the wall body and at the same time to be able to provide good structural mechanical properties, according to one embodiment of the invention, when the support wall element is in the assembled state, the at least one horizontal anchor opening with a Tilt angle from 0 to 20 degrees to the horizontal of the wall body. Alternatively or in addition to this, when the retaining wall element is in the assembled state, the horizontal anchor opening can have a greater extent in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction.
    In order to be able to securely arrange a plurality of retaining wall elements to build a retaining wall next to one another, a preferred embodiment of a retaining wall element can have lateral connecting means for connecting two adjacent retaining wall elements. Such connecting means can include lateral connection openings, for example, which, by means of steel bolts arranged therein, bring about a mechanical connection between supporting wall elements arranged next to one another.
    A particularly stable retaining wall, which can also be created quickly and inexpensively, is possible with an embodiment of a retaining wall element according to the invention, in which at least one projecting connection element for a vertical anchor is provided on the support side of the wall body, each of which has at least one continuous vertical anchor opening for carrying out and fastening the respective vertical anchor, as is shown in more detail in the following detailed description of the embodiments shown in the figures. The continuous vertical anchor opening can be formed at least partially by a cladding tube (e.g. a corrugated tube or spiro tube) in order to improve the transmission of force between an inserted vertical anchor and the retaining wall element. A mechanically particularly resilient retaining wall element can be achieved if the at least one projecting connecting element of the retaining wall element is made in one piece with the remaining wall body from reinforced concrete.
    A retaining wall element, with a cantilevered connection element, which can be manufactured particularly easily and has a high mechanical integrity, can be achieved if the at least one cantilevered connection element of the retaining wall element has a connection module of the type described in more detail below. A particularly high mechanical integrity can be achieved if such a connection module, as described here, comprises at least one reinforcement which extends from a sleeve wall of the connection module into the wall body. For certain types of retaining wall elements, the at least one reinforcement can also be operatively connected to a reinforcement arranged in the wall body. For certain load cases acting on a retaining wall element, the connection socket of a connection module can be at least partially arranged in the wall body. Such embodiments can be particularly advantageous if, in certain embodiments of retaining wall elements, particularly high forces are to be transmitted to vertical anchors.
    The present invention also relates to a retaining wall made of a plurality of longitudinally arranged retaining wall elements as described herein, wherein horizontal anchors are each fastened at one end in an anchor sleeve. The horizontal anchor is preferably a boring bar of a self-drilling anchor and is fastened to the subsurface by means of injection mortar. At least individual horizontal anchors of such a retaining wall can be at least partially fastened in the horizontal anchor opening by means of injection mortar.
    The invention also relates to a retaining wall module comprising a retaining wall element as described here and further comprising a support plate, the support plate being designed such that in the assembled state of the retaining wall module the support plate rests on the support surface and at least partially closes the horizontal anchor opening towards the anchor socket , Good results can be achieved if the support plate has a curved bearing surface, the curvature of which at least partially corresponds to the curvature of a securing element for the horizontal anchor.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a connection module for connecting a ground anchor and / or rock anchor to a retaining wall element, which is ideal for use with a retaining wall element as described here, but also relates to its own inventive concept. Such a connection module according to the invention normally has a connection socket, comprising a socket wall with a socket base adjoining it. The can wall and the can bottom surround a filling space accessible via a pouring opening. At least a first cladding tube for receiving a ground anchor and / or a rock anchor is arranged in the filling space, which connects a bottom opening arranged in the can bottom to the pouring opening. Particularly good results can be achieved if the can wall and the can bottom are made of sheet steel. These can, for example, be operatively connected to one another via welded connections and / or soldering points. Particularly stable type
    CH 714 770 A2 closing modules can be achieved if the can wall and / or the can bottom is at least partially made of a steel sheet with a thickness between 2 and 10 mm (millimeters), in particular with a thickness of approx. 5 mm.
    In order to obtain a mechanically particularly advantageous connection to a wall body of a retaining wall element, the connection module can have at least one reinforcement which extends without interruption from an outside of the connection module through a first reinforcement opening arranged in the sleeve wall into the filling space. The reinforcement can be a reinforcing steel, for example. In order to obtain retaining wall elements with a particularly good mechanical integrity, several reinforcements can be included, which are designed as described herein.
    For certain applications that require an advantageous transmission of force between a wall body and a ground and / or rock anchor, the at least one reinforcement can extend from the first reinforcement opening via the filling space to a second reinforcement opening arranged in the sleeve wall and through the second reinforcement opening extend to the outside of the connection module. For such an embodiment, a one-piece reinforcement e.g. from a possibly bent reinforcing steel are generated.
    A connection module that enables a particularly advantageous power transmission from a ground or rock anchor arranged in the first cladding tube into a retaining wall element can be achieved if the at least one reinforcement in the filling space at least partially surrounds the cladding tube. The at least one reinforcement can e.g. loop around the encasing tube or surround it in a U-shape. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least the reinforcement touches the cladding tube at at least one load area and / or at a maximum load area of 1.0 mm (millimeters) from the cladding tube.
    At least one second cladding tube can be arranged in the filling space. Such a one can also connect a bottom opening arranged in the can bottom to the pouring opening, like the first cladding tube. Alternatively, a second cladding tube can connect a first wall opening arranged in the can wall to a second wall opening arranged in the can wall. Such a second cladding tube can also be used to hold a ground or ground anchor and / or to connect supporting wall elements arranged next to one another.
    The filling space of a connection module according to the invention can be at least partially filled with a mortar or with concrete. Backfilling with other building materials is possible. When using a connection module for a retaining wall element, in particular at least partial backfilling with a building material identical to the building material of the wall body is possible. Through the use of a connecting sleeve according to the invention, however, the filling space can also be at least partially filled with a building material that differs from the building material of the wall body. According to the invention, for example, the use of a concrete or mortar with special mechanical or chemical properties (e.g. high mechanical strength) in the filling space is conceivable, whereas for the wall body, for example, a cheaper standard concrete or mortar can be used.
    In a variation of a retaining wall element according to the invention, the wall body comprises at least one cavity wall element, the cavity wall element having a first shell arranged towards the support side and a second shell arranged essentially parallel and at a distance from the first shell and towards the visible side. Such an embodiment can be advantageous for certain applications since, due to the hollow wall elements (in a still hollow state), it has a relatively low weight compared to other embodiments. The first and the second shell of a cavity wall element normally define at least one volume that can be filled with a filling material (e.g. concrete, in particular in-situ concrete). Such a cavity wall element can be configured such that the volume or the space between the two shells can be filled with in-situ concrete after assembly at the place of use, as a result of which a structure which can withstand high mechanical loads can be created. Thus, such retaining wall elements can be installed relatively easily (e.g. with common standard construction machinery), or even very large retaining wall elements can still be installed without the mandatory use of heavy-duty cranes or excavators.
    Good results can be achieved if the outward side of the first shell forms at least part of the support side and the outward side of the second shell forms at least part of the visible side. Particularly stable embodiments can be achieved if the first and / or the second shell consist at least partially of a concrete. In particular, the shells can comprise concrete provided with reinforcements / reinforcements. Alternatively or in addition, the first and / or the second shell can also consist at least partially of a metal or a wood or a plastic. The use of other materials is possible. A retaining wall element that can be subjected to particularly high mechanical loads can be achieved if the first and the second shell are connected to a reinforcement, which preferably also serves as a spacer for the two plates. Particularly good results can be achieved if the first and the second shell are connected to lattice girders, which form a reinforcement when the cavity wall element is filled. According to a variation of the invention, the first and / or the second shell is essentially flat. In a further variation, at least part of the first and / or the second shell has a curvature and / or a kink. In this way, a retaining wall element with partially increased wall thickness can be created in a simple manner, as a result of which special load cases can be successfully countered.
    A retaining wall element, which allows a particularly simple erection of mechanically particularly resilient retaining walls can be achieved if the wall body has at least one on an end face of the wall body
    CH 714 770 A2 arranged shear force connection device for shear force connection of the retaining wall element with a second retaining wall element, as will be shown in more detail below. These shear force connection devices can also be used for shear force connection of the retaining wall element to other types of components. According to a preferred variation of such a retaining wall element, the transverse force connecting device comprises a transverse force mandrel bearing for receiving a transverse force mandrel (or sliding mandrel). In this way, transverse forces between individual retaining wall elements can be transmitted particularly efficiently and displacements due to temperature fluctuations can be adequately compensated for.
    The invention therefore also relates to a retaining wall element comprising a wall body and at least one connection module according to the present description, wherein the filling space is at least partially filled with a first building material and the wall body is made essentially from a second building material that differs from the first building material ,
    The connection socket of a connection module can be arranged on the surface of a projecting connection element of a retaining wall element. However, the connection socket can also be at least partially surrounded by an outer protective layer (e.g. bitumen, foil) and / or at least partially embedded in another building material, e.g. in a concrete or mortar.
    BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES [0037] Aspects of the invention are explained in more detail on the basis of the exemplary embodiments shown in the following figures and the associated description. It shows schematically:
    1 shows a first retaining wall element with an inserted horizontal anchor in a first perspective view;
    FIG. 2 shows the retaining wall element from FIG. 1 in a second perspective view;
    3a shows an embodiment of an anchor sleeve in a perspective view;
    3b shows the anchor sleeve from FIG. 3 with hidden edges shown;
    4 shows the retaining wall element from FIG. 1 with the wall body partially removed for illustrative exposure of the embedded anchor sleeve in a perspective view;
    FIG. 5 detail D from FIG. 4;
    6 shows a second retaining wall element with inserted horizontal anchor in a perspective view; ......
    FIG. 7 detail E from FIG. 6;
    8 shows a third retaining wall element with an inserted horizontal anchor in a perspective view;
    Fig. 9 section A-A of Fig. 8;
    FIG. 10 detail F from FIG. 9;
    11 shows a first retaining wall comprising retaining wall elements in a perspective view;
    12 shows a second retaining wall comprising retaining wall elements in a perspective view;
    13 shows an embodiment of a connection module according to the invention with a plurality of reinforcements in a perspective view;
    FIG. 14 shows the connection module from FIG. 13, hidden edges being shown as dashed lines;
    15 shows a retaining wall element with two connection modules in accordance with the embodiments shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a connection module being cut open for illustrative reasons;
    FIG. 16 detail G from FIG. 15;
    17 shows a further embodiment of a retaining wall element according to the invention in a perspective view;
    18 detail H from FIG. 17.
    CH 714 770 A2
    WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION In the following figures and the associated description, the corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols unless otherwise noted. The exemplary embodiments described are examples of the subject matter of the invention and have no restrictive effect.
    1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a retaining wall element 1 according to the invention. The retaining wall element 1 has a plate-shaped wall body 10 which essentially consists of a reinforced concrete. The wall body 10 has a support side 11 which, in the assembled state, is directed towards the subsurface (rock or earth) to be supported by a support wall to be produced. The retaining wall 1 further comprises an anchor socket 32 accessible from the visible side 12, which is also arranged in the wall body 10. The anchor box 32 is connected to the support side 11 by means of a continuous horizontal anchor opening 35. A horizontal anchor 50 can be passed through this horizontal anchor opening 35, as shown in the figures. Such a horizontal anchor 50 can be, for example, a boring bar of a self-drilling anchor. The anchor box 32 and the horizontal anchor sleeve 35 are partially formed by an anchor sleeve 30 made of sheet metal, in the manner shown in the following FIGS. 3a and 3b. On the support side 11 of the wall body 10, a bulge 15 is also formed, which surrounds the horizontal anchor opening 35 and, among other things. serves as a reinforcement of the retaining wall element 1. The bulge 15 is partially formed by a frame element 31 which, among other things. the manufacture of such a retaining wall element 1 is simplified.
    The horizontal anchor opening 35 of the retaining wall element shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a greater extent in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction, as a result of which a horizontal anchor 50 is driven into the underlying surface in different directions (schematically by the broken double arrow) can. In this way, for example, a line behind it (not shown) can be avoided or, for example, reinforcements of an already existing structure can be avoided.
    In addition, the embodiment of a retaining wall element 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has two block-shaped connecting elements 20 which protrude on the supporting side 11. The projecting connecting elements 20 are preferably made in one piece with the remaining wall body 10 made of reinforced concrete. The two projecting connecting elements 20 are each aligned with the lower edge of the wall body 10. In this way, they form a type of foot which facilitates the vertical installation of the retaining wall element 1. The two cantilevered connection elements 20 are also offset inwards by approximately 2 to 5 cm relative to the lateral edge of the wall body 10. The wall body 10 has a height of approximately one meter and a width of approximately three meters and is approximately 20 cm thick. The projecting connecting elements 20 are essentially rectangular and protrude from the supporting side 11 of the wall body 10 by approximately 50 to 80 cm, preferably approximately 70 cm. The cantilevered connecting elements 20 have a height of about 40 cm to 70 cm, preferably about 60 cm, and are offset downwards relative to the upper edge of the wall body, so that they would be completely covered by a possible road surface or by heaped up earth or the like and Vertical anchor 40 would not protrude beyond the upper edge of the wall body 10.
    The cantilevered connecting elements 20 each have a vertical anchor opening 21 for fastening vertical anchors 40. Different types of vertical anchor openings 21 are provided, a first type being designed for essentially vertical vertical anchor rods 40 and a second type being used for vertical anchors 40 which deviate somewhat from the vertical. The vertical anchor openings 21 shown have an inclination angle of approximately 5 degrees, so that the two vertical anchors 40 are inclined slightly forward, i.e. to the visible side 12 of the wall body 10, can be driven into the ground. The vertical anchor openings 21 are preferably made of metal corrugated pipes cast into the projecting connection elements 20, as are e.g. used in prestressed concrete structures.
    3a and 3b show an embodiment of an anchor sleeve 30 such as is present in the embodiment of a retaining wall element 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The shown embodiment of an anchor bush 30 essentially consists of a sheet metal. The anchor sleeve 30 comprises an anchor socket 32 which delimits a socket volume 33, which is used in particular to hold an anchor attachment (not shown). At the end of the can volume directed towards the supporting side 11 of the wall body 10, the anchor box 30 has two bearing surfaces 34 for fastening a horizontal anchor (not shown) fed through the horizontal anchor opening 35. The anchor sleeve 30 is designed such that the horizontal anchor opening 35 defined by it has a greater extent in the vertical direction (z direction) than in the horizontal direction (y direction), in order for the anchor sleeve 30 to have a horizontal anchor in different angular orientations within one in the assembled state to be able to insert normal vertical plane (xz plane) into the anchor socket 32 on a supporting side of the corresponding wall body. The anchor bush 30 shown also includes a frame element 31 which, when assembled, surrounds the resulting horizontal anchor opening 35 and (as shown in FIG. 2, for example) can limit a bulge 15 in the wall body 10. The frame element 31 is mechanically operatively connected to the anchor socket 32 or the horizontal anchor opening 35 via a plurality of webs 36.
    As shown schematically in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the anchor box 32 can be covered or closed if necessary by means of a cover 37 (partially cut off for better illustration). In this way, a substantially flat visible side 12 can be achieved. If required, the anchor socket 32 can also be opened, for example, for periodic inspection of the anchor.
    CH 714 770 A2 As also illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the anchor socket 32 there is a support surface 34, which is divided in two by the horizontal anchor opening 35 and on which a support plate 53 can be mounted. The support plate 53 in the embodiment shown is designed as a sheath. Such a relatively simple anchor head can be used, for example, for short-sided securing during the construction of a wall from a plurality of retaining wall elements 1.
    A particularly good power transmission between the horizontal anchor 50 and retaining wall element 1 can be achieved, for example, via an embodiment as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The horizontal anchor opening 35 has a greater extent in the vertical direction (z direction) than in the horizontal direction (y direction), which, as in the embodiment of FIG. 5, creates a relatively large two-part bearing surface (not directly visible in the figures) , A support plate 53 arranged in the anchor socket 32 rests on these support surfaces. The support plate has a recess with a curved bearing surface 54, in which a spherical collar nut 51 is mounted and thus a horizontal anchor 50 can be connected to the retaining wall element 1 as shown. Additional securing takes place, for example, by using a hexagon nut 52 as a securing element. As schematically represented in FIG. 6 by the double arrow with the broken line, such an embodiment of the invention allows a high degree of freedom in the alignment of a horizontal anchor 50 within a vertical plane (xz plane) which is essentially perpendicular to the support side 11, which also results in anchoring in difficult underground, because known obstacles such as lines can be avoided. As schematically represented by the double arrow with a dotted line, the extent of the horizontal opening 35 can be selected such that a certain freedom is also obtained in the alignment of the horizontal anchor 50 in the horizontal plane (xy plane).
    8, 9 and 10 show a further embodiment of a retaining wall element 1 according to the invention, in which, in the assembled state, the horizontal anchor opening 35 is inclined at an inclination angle α of 15 degrees to the horizontal (xy plane) of the wall body 10 is. In this way, a high degree of freedom in the alignment of the supplied horizontal anchors 50 in a certain angular range relative to the horizontal (xy plane) can be achieved without the structural integrity of the retaining wall element 1 being significantly reduced. Such embodiments of a retaining wall element 1 can be offered, for example, in standardized sets with different angles of inclination and / or can be produced for a specific application with a predetermined angle of inclination.
    10 also schematically shows the force flows in the retaining wall element 1 in the area of the anchor socket 32. The bulge 15 arranged on the supporting side 11 of the wall body 10 results in the horizontal anchor 50 via the spherical collar nut 51 and the support plate 53 via the support surface 34 in the retaining wall element 1 initiated. Forces in a well-distributed field of tension. In this way, the forces acting on the support side 11 can be spatially distributed over a relatively large volume to the horizontal anchor 50 without the wall body 10 being subjected to a locally supercritical load. The shown embodiment of a retaining wall element 1 also has a frame element 31 made of sheet metal, which rotates and delimits the bulge 15. On the one hand, the frame element 31 simplifies the production of the retaining wall element 1, since it can serve as part of the casting mold for the concrete casting of the retaining wall element 1. On the other hand, for certain applications, the frame element 31 can also be at least partially embedded in the frame body, as shown in FIG. 10. In this way, the force flows within the wall body 10 can be influenced and, for example, mechanical damage to the wall body 10 in the transition region between the bulge 15 and the non-bulged wall body 10 can be prevented.
    11 shows an embodiment of a retaining wall 80 formed from a plurality of retaining wall elements 1 which have been joined together. The retaining wall 80 comprises a lower row of retaining wall elements 1 of a first embodiment which are arranged next to one another in the longitudinal direction. In this first embodiment, the vertical anchors 40 are each inclined forward at an angle of inclination to the vertical (z-axis). In the vertical direction (z-axis) above these retaining wall elements 1, a second upper row of retaining wall elements 1 of a second embodiment arranged next to one another in the longitudinal direction is arranged. In this second embodiment, the vertical anchors 40 are each inclined to the rear at an angle to the vertical (z-axis). In addition, in the retaining wall 80 shown, all retaining wall elements 1 have horizontal anchors 50 which anchor the retaining wall elements 1 in the subsurface (not shown) adjacent to the supporting side 11. The retaining wall elements according to the invention make it possible to guide the horizontal anchors 50 into the subsurface in both orientations adapted to the statics of the wall and the nature of the subsurface to be supported, and thus to be able, for example, to avoid lines located in the subsurface.
    12 shows a further embodiment of a retaining wall 80 which is formed from retaining wall elements 1 according to the invention. The retaining wall 80 comprises a plurality of retaining wall elements 1 arranged side by side, each of which has a platform 70 aligned with the upper edge of the wall body 10. The retaining wall elements 1 comprise projecting connection elements 20 in which vertical anchor openings 21 are arranged. Further vertical anchor openings 21 are arranged in the platforms 70 such that when a first retaining wall element 1 is placed on the platform of a second retaining wall element, the vertical anchor openings 21 in the projecting connection elements 20 of the first retaining wall element 1 thus into the vertical anchor openings 21 of the platform 70 of the second retaining wall element 1 that the first and the second retaining wall element can be mechanically connected to one another by means of a connecting means 60 (for example a bolt) arranged in the vertical anchor openings 21. Likewise, the embodiments of a retaining wall element 1 shown in FIG. 12 have been arranged in the projecting connecting elements 20
    CH 714 770 A2 te lateral connection openings 22, whereby laterally arranged retaining wall elements 1 can also be mechanically connected to one another by connecting means 60. In this way, larger retaining walls 80 can also be constructed quickly and easily, since, due to the high degree of freedom in the alignment of the retaining wall elements 1 according to the invention, each of the retaining wall elements 1 can be anchored in the horizontal as well as in the vertical direction if necessary.
    A retaining wall according to the invention can also comprise at least individual retaining wall elements which are not retaining wall elements according to the invention as described here.
    13 and 14 show an embodiment of a connection module 100 according to the invention, which can be used to connect a floor anchor and / or rock anchor (not shown) to a retaining wall element (not shown). The connection module 100 comprises a connection socket 110 which has a socket wall 111 with a socket base 112 adjoining it. The sleeve wall 111 and the sleeve base 112 are made of welded steel sheet and surround a filling space 120 which is accessible via a pouring opening 113 and which can be poured out, for example, with mortar. In the filling space 120 of the embodiment shown, a first cladding tube 130 is attached, which connects a bottom opening 125 arranged in the sleeve bottom 112 to the pouring opening 113. The cladding tube 130 is welded to the edge of the bottom opening 125, so that the filling space 120 can be filled, if necessary, with an at least temporarily liquid building material without it being able to penetrate the cladding tube 130 or exit through the bottom opening 125. The connection module 100 also includes four reinforcements 140 made of reinforcing steel, which are arranged distributed along the longitudinal axis (parallel to the z-axis) of the cladding tube 130. The reinforcements 140 each have a substantially U-shape and each extend from the outside of the connection module 100 through a first reinforcement opening 114 arranged in the sleeve wall 111 into the filling space 120, where they circulate around the cladding tube 130 and then by means of a second reinforcement opening 115 through the sleeve wall 111 to the outside of the connection module 100 again. As shown schematically, the reinforcements 140 project outwards from the sleeve wall 111, so that they can be integrated, for example, into the structure of a subsequent wall body, as will be shown below with reference to FIGS. The reinforcements 140 are arranged in the filling space 120 in such a way that they touch the cladding tube 130 at a plurality of points forming load areas 141.
    15 and 16 show an embodiment of a retaining wall element 1 with two projecting connection elements 20, each of which has an embodiment of a connection module 100 according to the invention. As shown schematically, the filling space 120 is filled with a mortar in which four reinforcements 140 are enclosed. The reinforcements extend through the sleeve wall 111 into the wall body 10 of the retaining wall element 1. A cladding tube 130 arranged in the filling space 120 forms a vertical anchor opening 21 in which, as shown, a vertical anchor 40 can be arranged.
    17 and 18 show a further embodiment of a retaining wall element 1 in which the wall body 10 is a hollow wall element 16. The hollow wall element 16 has a first shell arranged towards the support side 11, in which the upper corner arranged on the left in the figures is cut away for purely illustrative reasons (shown schematically with dotted lines). It also has a second shell 18 arranged essentially parallel and at a distance from the first shell 17 and the visible side 12. The first and the second shell 17, 18 define a volume 19 that can be filled with concrete. The first and the second shell 17, 18 of the embodiment shown consist of reinforced concrete and are mechanically operatively connected to one another by means of wave-like reinforcements 140 acting as spacers. Likewise, the retaining wall element 1 shown has shear force connection devices 90 arranged on a first and a second end face 13, 14 of the wall body 10, which can serve for shear force connection of the retaining wall element 1 with further retaining wall elements (not shown) or other components adjoining the end faces 13, 14. The shear force connecting devices 19 contained in the embodiment shown are shear force mandrels 91 or sliding mandrels mounted in shear force mandrel bearings 92.
    LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS [0055]
    I retaining wall element
    wall body
    II support side
    Main page
    First face
    Second face
    bulge
    CH 714 770 A2
    Hollow wall panel
    First bowl
    Second bowl
    volume
    Cantilevered connection element
    Ve rti kalan ke röt f n u ng
    Side connection openings
    anchor head
    frame element
    anchor box
    can volume
    bearing surface
    Horizontal anchor opening
    web
    cover
    vertical anchor
    Horizontal anchor
    Domed anchor nut
    fuse element
    Support plate (anchor plate)
    Bearing surface (spherical)
    connecting means
    platform
    retaining wall
    Shear connector
    Shear Dowel
    Transverse load mandrel support
    connection module
    connection box
    bush wall
    bush base
    Pouring opening first reinforcement opening second reinforcement opening
    Verfüllraum
    bottom opening
    CH 714 770 A2
    130 first cladding tube
    140 reinforcement (reinforcement)
    141 load range
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    99 Wall opening a angle of inclination
    claims
    1. retaining wall element (1) comprising a wall body (10) with a support side (11) and a visible side (12) and at least one anchor socket (32) which is accessible from the visible side (12) and is arranged in the wall body (10), the anchor socket ( 32) with which the support side (11) is connected by means of at least one continuous horizontal anchor opening (35) for the implementation of an assigned horizontal anchor (50) and the anchor socket (32) has at least one support surface (34) for fastening the assigned horizontal anchor (50).
    [2]
    2. retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one bearing surface (34) is arranged to receive a bearing plate (53).
    [3]
    3. Retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one anchor socket (32) has a socket volume (33) for receiving a securing element (52) for the associated horizontal anchor (50).
    [4]
    4. retaining wall element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor socket (32) and the horizontal anchor opening (35) are at least partially formed by an anchor sleeve (30), error: character: # not found ·
    [5]
    5. retaining wall element (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the anchor sleeve (30) is at least partially made of a sheet or a plastic.
    [6]
    6. retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall body (10) on the support side (11) has a bulge (15) surrounding the horizontal anchor opening (35).
    [7]
    7. retaining wall element (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the bulge (15) is at least partially limited by at least one frame element (31) surrounding the horizontal anchor opening (35).
    [8]
    8. retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the retaining wall element (1) is in the assembled state, the at least one horizontal anchor opening (35) is inclined at an angle of inclination (a) of 0 to 20 degrees to the horizontal of the wall body (10) is.
    [9]
    9. retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the retaining wall element (1) is in the assembled state, the horizontal anchor opening (35) has a greater extent in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction.
    [10]
    10. retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has lateral connecting means (22) for connecting two adjacent retaining wall elements (1).
    [11]
    11. retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the support side (11) of the wall body (10) at least one projecting connection element (20) for a vertical anchor (40) is provided, each of which has at least one continuous vertical anchor opening ( 21) for carrying out and fastening the respective vertical anchor (40).
    [12]
    12. retaining wall element (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one projecting connection element (20) of the retaining wall element (1) has a connection module (100) according to one of claims 18 to 20.
    [13]
    13. retaining wall element (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one projecting connection element (20) of the retaining wall element (1) has a connection module (100) according to one of claims 19 to 20 and the at least one reinforcement (140) of the Connection module (100) extends from the sleeve wall (111) into the wall body (10).
    [14]
    14. Retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall body (10) comprises at least one cavity wall element (16), the cavity wall element (16) a first shell (17) arranged towards the support side (11) and one has a second shell (18) arranged essentially parallel and at a distance from the first shell (17) and the visible side (12).
    [15]
    15. retaining wall element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall body (10) at least one on one end face (13, 14) of the wall body (10) arranged transverse force connection
    CH 714 770 A2 direction (90) for transverse force connection of the retaining wall element (1) with a second retaining wall element (1).
    [16]
    16. retaining wall element (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the transverse force connecting device (19) has a transverse force mandrel bearing (92) for receiving a transverse force mandrel (91).
    [17]
    17. Retaining wall (80) from a plurality of retaining wall elements (1) arranged next to one another in the longitudinal direction according to one of the preceding claims, wherein horizontal anchors (50) are each fastened at one end in an anchor sleeve (30).
    [18]
    18. Connection module (100) for connecting a ground anchor and / or rock anchor (40, 50) to a retaining wall element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17
    a. comprising a connection socket (110)
    b. a can wall (111) with an adjoining can bottom (112), wherein
    c. the can wall (111) and the can bottom (112) surround a filling space (120) accessible via a pouring opening (113), wherein
    d. At least a first cladding tube (130) for receiving a ground anchor and / or rock anchor is arranged in the filling chamber (120), which connects a bottom opening (125) arranged in the bush base (112) to the pouring opening (113).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT16709U1|2020-07-15|
    AT16710U1|2020-07-15|
    CH714703A2|2019-09-13|
    引用文献:
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    DE2354764C3|1973-11-02|1979-03-29|Philipp Holzmann Ag, 6000 Frankfurt|Method and device for the watertight implementation of a built-in component to be introduced into the ground through a building wall or excavation pit wall or floor|
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    US5468098A|1993-07-19|1995-11-21|Babcock; John W.|Segmental, anchored, vertical precast retaining wall system|
    KR100467170B1|2002-01-25|2005-01-24|토인종합건축사사무소|reinforced earth retaining wall construction method|
    DE10225980A1|2002-06-11|2003-12-24|Ischebeck Friedrich Gmbh|Method for securing underwater concrete sections using injection fitted anchor with top flange for embedding into cast concrete|
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    DE102006003216A1|2006-01-24|2007-07-26|Friedr. Ischebeck Gmbh|Anchor head fixing, anchor and assembly method, especially for the head end of an externally threaded anchor part has sleeve in anchor section opening and head at inclined angle|
    AT10280U1|2007-12-21|2008-12-15|Grund & Boden Geotechnik Gmbh|ARRANGEMENT FOR SAFEGUARDING LAUSSEBOLS|
    KR101211469B1|2011-05-26|2012-12-18|허혁훈|Retaining wall structure having prefabricated block and method for constructing retaining wall using the same|
    CH707671B1|2013-03-01|2016-12-30|Gmk-System Ag|Supporting masonry element and retaining wall made of supporting masonry elements.|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00246/18A|CH714703A2|2018-03-01|2018-03-01|Retaining wall element and retaining wall of retaining wall elements.|
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