• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for killing pests. In order to provide a simple method for killing pests in organic material (2), which is also applicable to complicated surfaces, a method is proposed comprising the following steps: Attaching a heating cable (4) to the surface (3) of the organic material (2) and activating the heating cable (4) until a temperature of at least 45 ° C, preferably at least 56 ° C in the organic material (2) is reached over a period of at least 30 minutes. The invention further relates to the use of an automatically controlled heating cable (4).
    公开号:CH714691A2
    申请号:CH00242/19
    申请日:2019-02-27
    公开日:2019-08-30
    发明作者:Johann Müller Dr
    申请人:Dr Johann Mueller；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a method for killing pests in organic material by means of a heating cable and the use of a heating cable.
    [0002] Numerous methods are known for killing pests, in particular animal pests. Processes that kill pests at elevated temperatures are particularly environmentally friendly because the use of poisons is avoided. The methods for killing pests by means of hot air can typically be mentioned here, as they are e.g. from Dr. C. Adler, Mitt. Dtsch.Ges. general applied ent. 16, pages 319-3222, Giessen, 2008 and by the same author in Integrated Protection of Stored Products IOBC Bulletin, Voi. 25 (3) 2002, pages 199-203. The Aufbzw. However, the introduction of heat into organic material is usually time-consuming. If bulk goods are to be dried, hot air e.g. an envelope is required to prevent hot air from escaping if uniform heating of the organic bulk material is to be ensured.
    Killing pests in lumpy objects is even more difficult. According to a first alternative, objects to be disinfested are packaged airtight and warm air is blown into the casing. However, since e.g. a roof truss is difficult to pack airtight, the first alternative is not always applicable. According to a second alternative, heating elements are inserted into drill holes in the wood. The disadvantage is that it is not possible to drill holes in all objects. According to a third alternative, heatable foils are placed on the surface of the organic material. However, the adaptation of the foils to the surface to be heated often proves to be problematic.
    It is an object of the invention to provide a simple method for killing pests in organic material, which is well applicable even on complicated surfaces. This object is achieved with a method according to claim 1 or by using a regulated heating cable according to claim 9.
    The above object is achieved with a method for killing pests in organic material with the steps of attaching a heating cable to the surface of the organic material and activating the heating cable up to a temperature of at least 45 ° C., preferably of at least 56 ° C. reached in organic material for at least 30 minutes.
    Any cable that can be heated and that introduces heat into the organic material can be used as the heating cable. Typically, a cable with wires made of copper or a copper alloy or alternatively another material, which preferably has a resistance such as copper or higher, can be used. The heating cable preferably has a flat shape, so that the largest possible surface has contact with the organic material. It is particularly preferred if the heating cable has a plurality of wires arranged next to one another, so that the heating cable is designed as a wider strip which can be inserted on or in the organic material. The heating cable is advantageously designed to warm up to a predetermined temperature, e.g. through the cross section and / or the material of the wires or electrical conductors. Heating cables are typically available, which heat up to a temperature of approx. 40 ° C to 150 ° C.
    More preferably, the heating cable can be provided with an automatic control for the current flow, so that the current flow is increased when a predetermined temperature has not yet been reached, that is, when the organic material is moist or cold and the heat emitted by the heating cable quickly receives. The heating cable is therefore advantageously a self-regulating or automatic heating cable which only requires a connection to the power source in order to be ready for use or to be activated. The flow of electricity decreases, the drier or warmer the organic material becomes and the less heat dissipates from the heating cable. The current flow is then throttled. This ensures that the organic material is evenly warmed while using energy sparingly. Overheating of the organic material is also prevented. According to the invention, the heating cable is heated to a temperature of at least 40 ° C. to 150 ° C. The temperature of the heating cable is selected so that the organic material is heated to a temperature of at least 45 ° C, preferably at least 56 ° C for at least 30 minutes, and on the other hand the organic material is not ignited or damaged in any other way. It has proven to be advantageous that the heating of the organic material prevents moistening, which can occur, for example, through the formation of condensation or through a defective covering.
    The organic material can e.g. Be wood, wood material, grain, dry fruit (legumes) or other organic material. The organic material can be lumpy, pourable or built into a larger mobile or immobile object. Organic material can e.g. improper storage, lack of protective measures or incorrect installation of pests, mostly from animal pests, but also from fungi. A heat treatment in which the organic material is heated to at least 45 ° C., preferably to at least 56 ° C. for a period of at least 30 minutes, reliably destroys the pests by degenerating the larvae or pupae.
    The heating cable is attached to the surface of the organic material. If the organic material is, for example, bulk material, the heating cable can simply be laid in the material, e.g. heating cables can be hung in a container, into which the organic material is then poured, or the heating cables are drained into containers filled with organic material. Alternatively, the heating cable can be attached to a rod that is drained into the bulk material. According to a further alternative, a heating cable bound to a rod can be used
    CH 714 691 A2
    Vibrations are driven into the bulk material so that the surface of an organic bulk material particle lies against the heating cable. If the organic material has larger dimensions, the heating cable can be wrapped around the material to be treated in a simple design. The method according to the invention takes place without intervention in the organic material; it works non-destructively with regard to the organic material.
    The heating cable can be designed as a network of heating cables, the current flow in the network is also preferably set by an automatic control. A network of heating cables can advantageously be formed from prefabricated units, so that several smaller networks can be combined to form a large network. The distance between the heating cables can preferably be selected depending on the power of the heating cables or the wires of the heating cable and the temperature to be reached in the organic material. Net holders can advantageously be used to design the net. The heating cables can e.g. can be connected to one another via plug connections, if necessary, intermediate pieces can also be used as network holders, through which the heating cables can be electrically connected to form a network. Additional net holders can be used to connect the heating cables to determine the shape of the net, e.g. Clips, clips or the like.
    According to an advantageous development of the invention, fasteners are used to fix the heating cable or the network to the organic material. The heating cable or the network can e.g. can be fixed to the organic material with staples, pens, with tapes, elastic tapes if necessary, or adhesive. This ensures that the organic material is heated uniformly. Especially when the organic material to be treated has a flat surface, e.g. a flat wooden surface or the flat surface of poured grain, then the heating cables or the heating wires can also be inserted directly into the surface of a grooved carrier. Heating wires which are inserted into the surface of a grooved carrier are also heating cables in the sense of this invention.
    The economy of the method according to the invention is particularly promoted if, after a further development of the invention, the heating cable or the network is thermally insulated from the environment, ie on the side facing away from the surface of the organic material to be heated. The thermal insulation preferably covers the entire surface of the organic material to be heated, that is, both the heating cable and the surface of the material to be heated. In this way, all the heat given off by the heating cable or by the network of heating cables is conducted into the organic material, so that the heating or drying takes place quickly, completely and without heat loss. The heat insulation can enclose a heating cable. However, the thermal insulation itself, if it partially encloses heating wires, can act as a carrier for the heating wires, so that a heating wire which is fixed to a carrier made of heat-insulating material is a heating cable in the sense of this invention.
    It is further the object of the invention to use a heating cable, in particular with automatic control, which is also referred to as a self-regulating heating cable, for killing pests in organic material. Details of the invention are explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments. It shows:
    Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an arrangement for killing pests in a piece of wood. Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an arrangement for killing pests in cereals. Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a grain container provided with heating cables.
    Fig. 1 shows a device 1 for killing pests in organic material 2, here in wood. On the surface 3 of the wood there is a heating cable 4. The heating cable is shown here as a round cable; alternatively, the heating cable 4 is designed in the form of a band. The heating cable 4 with heating wires made of a copper alloy are designed to reach a temperature of 70 ° C. The heating cable 4 is wound on or around the surface of the wood, the spirals of the heating cable 4 being selected at such a distance that a predetermined temperature of e.g. 45 ° C or 56 ° C to a depth D in the organic material 2 can be kept for at least 30 minutes. For this purpose, the current flow in the heating cable is regulated so that an optimal release of heat into the wood is achieved. The suitable heating cables, which are designed to reach different temperatures, can be optimized by the expert in a few experiments. A self-regulating or automatic heating cable is preferably used, which only requires a connection to a power source and which then automatically reaches the predetermined temperature. If a lot of heat is initially removed from a damp or cold object, the self-regulating heating cable will keep the specified temperature with more energy. If the object dries or heats up over time, less energy is required to maintain the specified temperature. It is obvious that this procedure is very energy efficient.
    The duration of the treatment is usually between 30 minutes and up to 10 days depending on the sensitivity of the organic material. With sensitive material, e.g. a medieval wood painting or old instruments, is warmed up very slowly and the temperature is also lowered very slowly. However, the specified temperature must be at 45 ° C, preferably at least 56 ° C or above, for at least 30 minutes. Only then will the pests to be killed be completely degenerated by the action of the heat. The control preferably comprises
    CH 714 691 A2 also has a timer so that it is guaranteed that the heating cable is heated to the specified temperature over a specified minimum period, possibly with a safety surcharge.
    The heating cable 4 is covered on the side facing away from the surface 3 of the wood by thermal insulation 5. The insulation, e.g. made of foamed plastic or mineral or rock wool fibers preferably covers the entire surface of the organic material 2. It encloses the heating wires 4 in sections and thereby ensures that the heat penetrates as completely as possible into the organic material. The heating cable 4 can be shaped as desired and can thus be adapted to complex surfaces, small or large, in a simple manner without attacking the organic material 2 to be heated.
    Fig. 2 shows a container 6, e.g. the storage space of a ship, in the heating cable 4 hang down from a supply line 7. The supply line 7 is part of a network of heating cables 4 and connects the heating cables 4 to the control system, which is not shown here. Alternatively, individual heating cables, which are regulated individually, can be hung in the container. The heating cables 4 hang in the container 6 and are enclosed by the grain 8 filled therein. The grain 8 is heated by the heating cable 4, so that pests are killed. The heating cables 4 hang in a number and distribution in the container 6, which ensures that the entire grain 8 is heated to the predetermined temperature.
    1 and 2 each show individual heating cables, which may be connected to a supply line for electricity. 3 shows an alternative embodiment. Several heating cables 4 are connected to a network 9. The heating cables 4 are arranged parallel to each other in this embodiment. They are held in a predetermined relation to one another by first net holders, here terminals 10. The heating cables 4 extend between second network holders, here supply lines 11, which are connected to the control. The heating cables 4 have heating wires made of metal, here a copper alloy, and are operated as electrical resistance heating, as a result of which the heating cables 4 can be heated to a predetermined temperature. The heat energy given off by the heating cables is introduced into the organic material on which the heating cables 4 or the network 9 rest in the operating state. The network 9 according to FIG. 3 can be connected to other networks, so that an overall network is created that a surface of organic material can be heated according to the invention. The size and shape of the finished mesh or overall mesh can thus be adapted precisely to the surface to be heated. Objects with a complex surface can thus be easily heated by the heating cable 4 or a network 9 in order to kill pests.
    The network holder, both the terminals 10 and the supply lines 11 can be provided with means for fixing on the organic material. These means for fixing can be adhesives, but they can also be small hooks, staples or claws, if the organic material allows them, which are mechanically anchored in the material. The means for fixing can be used both for attaching a single heating cable 4 and for attaching a network 9.
    The inventive method is simple and economical, because it is ensured with simple means that the radiated heat from the heating cable 4 penetrates into the organic material and kills pests there. In particular when using thermal insulation 5, the method is also economical if the material or object infected with pests is located outside a building and has to be treated, e.g. for a framework that needs to be renovated from the outside.
    According to a further embodiment, a piece of freshly cut, undried spruce wood with a cross section of 12 χ 12 cm and a length of 100 cm is wrapped with a heating cable that heats up to a temperature of 100 ° C. Temperature sensors, which are distributed over the entire cross-section, show that after 230 minutes a temperature of 56 ° C was reached over the entire cross-section of the wood.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Method for killing pests in organic material (2) with the steps - attaching a heating cable (4) to the surface (3) of the organic material (2)
    -Activate the heating cable (4) until a temperature of at least 56 ° C in the organic material (2) is reached.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a self-regulating heating cable is used, which is activated by connection to a power source.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a network (9) of heating cables (4) on the surface (3) of the organic material (2) or between organic bulk material is attached.
    [4]
    4. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the heating cable (4) on the surface (3) of the organic material (2) facing away from heat.
    [5]
    5. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating cable (4) with means for fixing on the surface (3) of the organic material (2) is attached.
    [6]
    6. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating cables (4) in the network (9) of heating cables (4) are held by network holders (10).
    CH 714 691 A2
    [7]
    7. Use of an automatically regulated heating cable (4) for killing pests in organic material (2).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS59224089A|1983-06-02|1984-12-15|Sato Ryoda|Heating insulator by mesh circuit|
    US5058313A|1987-01-09|1991-10-22|Tallon Joseph C|Method and apparatus for exterminating structure infestations|
    DK171523B1|1991-04-09|1996-12-23|Ib Obel Pedersen|Method for controlling fungus in existing wood structures and electrodes for use in the process|
    DE9218244U1|1991-11-13|1993-09-23|Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer|RADIATION HEATER, ESPECIALLY AN ELECTRIC RADIATION HEATER|
    US5674424A|1995-02-16|1997-10-07|General Electric Company|Thermal heating blanket in-situ thermal desorption for remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil|
    US7469500B2|2005-01-05|2008-12-30|Lovelace Reginald B|Nematode extermination in place using heat blankets|
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    GB0918940D0|2009-10-28|2009-12-16|Norsk Inst For Skog Og Landska|Method|
    法律状态:
    2021-10-15| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018104466.6A|DE102018104466A1|2018-02-27|2018-02-27|Method for killing pests by means of a heating cable|
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