• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An elevator installation (1) comprises a car (3) which can be moved in an elevator shaft (2). A catching device (4) for catching or intercepting people falling into the elevator shaft is attached to the car (3) below the car (3). In one embodiment, the collecting device (4) has a flat collecting element, preferably a safety net (5), which is attached to the cabin (3) via flexible holding elements (6). Thanks to a monitoring device (7) for detecting a load acting on the catching device (4), it can be determined whether a person is in the safety net (5) or whether the catching device (4) is hanging in the elevator shaft.
    公开号:CH714341B1
    申请号:CH00389/19
    申请日:2017-09-20
    公开日:2021-10-15
    发明作者:Trottmann Gilles
    申请人:Inventio Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 1.
    Elevator systems for the transportation of people and goods contain cabins that can be moved up and down in an elevator shaft. The cabins can be moved by means of suspension means, for example in the form of suspension ropes or suspension belts, by means of a drive unit. As a result of malfunctions or emergency stops, the car can get stuck between the floors. In such incidents, the trapped people must be evacuated from the cabin to the next stop. In this case, a gap can arise between the underside of the cabin and the floor through which the person could fall during the evacuation into the shaft.
    From KR20110114190 a safety arrangement for elevator systems with several safety nets has become known. The safety nets attached to the bottom of the car can catch people falling into the elevator shaft and thus prevent a complete fall into the elevator shaft, in which the falling person would be seriously or fatally injured.
    It is an object of the present invention to create an elevator system with further improved personal safety. According to the invention, this object is achieved with an elevator installation having the features of claim 1. The elevator system has a car that can be moved in an elevator shaft. A catching device for catching or intercepting people, objects or animals falling into the elevator shaft is attached to the car below the car. The fact that a monitoring device is provided for detecting a load acting on the collecting device, thanks to which it can be determined whether a person is in the collecting device or has been caught, results in several advantages. Thus, by appropriately designing the control of the elevator system, it can be prevented that, after the malfunction has been eliminated, a person in the interception device can undesirably ride along with the car. Above all, downhill travel is problematic; especially for elevator systems with shaft pits with shallow pit depths or for elevator systems without a pit. For structural or other reasons, there may not be enough space for a conventional elevator system with a shaft pit and shaft head. In particular, when an elevator system is retrofitted or added to an existing building, elevator shafts with or without low shaft pits and without a shaft head are increasingly being used. Such special elevator systems with such low shaft pits with pit depths that are smaller than 60 cm and preferably smaller than 35 cm are known and in use.
    In the presence of a person caught in the interception device, an emergency call to an emergency call center, to the elevator operator or to a service company can be generated automatically with the aid of appropriate communication means. The described monitoring of the load acting on the collecting device can also be used to determine whether the collecting device has inadvertently got stuck in the shaft on the shaft equipment while the cabin is traveling. If the car is found to get stuck, the car travel should preferably be stopped immediately.
    The collecting device can comprise a safety net or another flat collecting element. For example, a sufficiently strong film, a rigid or flexible plate or a grid can be used for the collecting element. The safety net or catching element should preferably almost completely cover the shaft space of the elevator shaft in the floor plan or in the top view - apart from the area stressed by the shaft equipment and the area stressed by the counterweight.
    The collecting element can be attached to the car via holding elements and the collecting device and the elevator shaft can be designed such that when the car is on the lowest floor of a building, the collecting element rests on the shaft floor, the collecting element is closer the cabin is located. In other words, the collecting device and the elevator shaft can be designed in such a way that the collecting element is attached to the car by a predefined distance in a normal or standby position via the aforementioned holding elements and in a lowermost position if it is on the lowest floor of the building , the collecting element rests on the shaft floor, wherein the collecting element in the lowermost position is removed from the car (or from the car floor of the car) by a shorter distance than the predefined distance.
    The collecting device can have flexible holding elements which, in the lowest position when the cabin is on the lowest floor of a building and the collecting element rests on the shaft floor, the holding elements are shortened or merged thanks to the flexibility. Such a flexible holding element can be a rope, for example. The collecting device can cooperate with the shaft floor of the elevator shaft in such a way that after the first contact with the shaft floor by the collecting element, the cable is deformed when the car is lowered further, thus allowing the car to approach the shaft floor. When moving away from the lowest floor, the flexible holding elements are stretched again and the collecting element is returned to the standby position. The return movement to the standby position can be reliably ensured if necessary by suitable measures such as additional weights or springs to generate a pretensioning force.
    As an alternative to flexible holding elements, the collecting device can have movable holding elements by means of a movement mechanism. The movement mechanism is designed in such a way that when the cabin is on the lowest floor of a building and the collecting element rests on the shaft floor, the holding elements are folded in, pushed in or displaced. To create the movement mechanism, the holding element can, for example, be designed to be telescopic. The collecting device could furthermore also have movable holding elements by means of a scissor mechanism, a folding mechanism. The catch element can be pretensioned in the standby position by means of spring means or other means for generating a restoring force. When the car is raised from the lowest position, the catching element automatically and reliably returns to the ready position.
    Particularly for elevator systems with shaft pits with small or pitless elevators, it is advantageous if the collecting device has the previously described flexible or by means of a movement mechanism movable holding elements.
    To detect a load acting on the collecting device, the monitoring device can have a sensor, for example a load measuring sensor, a safety contact or a safety switch. The monitoring device can be connected to a drive unit for moving the elevator car via a line or a bus in such a way that the elevator system can be switched to a special operating mode if a person is in the safety net or if the safety net is attached.
    If the safety device has a safety net, it can be advantageous that the monitoring device comprises at least one cable that is provided or integrated in the safety net. The cable pull is connected to the sensor, to the safety contact or switch. As soon as a certain tensile force acts on the cable, the safety contact or switch, for example, can be triggered or transferred to a different switching state. It would also be conceivable to provide the cable pull in a different flat catching element than in the safety net.
    The aforementioned at least one cable pull can have a first cable pull which runs approximately diagonally in the safety net. This means that it can be determined with sufficient certainty whether a person is in the safety net.
    To further increase safety, a second cable can be provided, which runs or is arranged at the edge in the safety net. Of course, other cables would also be conceivable, each cable being preferably connected to a safety contact or switch. This arrangement ensures that captured people are reliably captured even in cases where captured people are decentralized in the safety net.
    The at least one safety contact or safety switch can be part of a safety circuit for the elevator system. When the safety circuit is interrupted, the drive unit for moving the elevator car is disconnected from the energy supply, so that the car comes to a standstill. In addition, the service brake can be de-energized.
    In a preferred embodiment, the elevator system has a control device for controlling a drive unit for moving the elevator car and the monitoring device is connected to the control device and the control device is set such that when a critical load is detected by the monitoring device, i.e. when it is detected that a person has been caught or if the catching device gets stuck, the control device prevents or stops moving the elevator car.
    To protect a falling person from injuries, it can be advantageous if the safety net is laterally enclosed in a frame structure which is designed to be flexible. The frame structure can be formed by one or more flexible plastic tubes that yield in the event of a fall.
    Further individual features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the drawings.
    1 shows a greatly simplified and schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention with a car and a collecting device attached to it and monitored by a monitoring device, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a collecting device for the elevator system according to FIG . 1.
    Fig. 1 shows an elevator system, denoted overall by 1, for a multi-storey building. The building has an elevator shaft 2 or several elevator shafts as required. The elevator installation 1 contains a car 3 which can be moved vertically up and down in the elevator shaft 2 for the transport of people or goods to individual floors. The drive unit 16, which has, for example, a traction sheave rotatable by means of an electric motor, for moving the car 3, can be fastened to a shaft wall of the elevator shaft 2 in order to form an elevator without a machine room. The movement of the car 3 is carried out by means of support means, designated 17, to which the car 3 is attached; the suspension means 17 can be one or more suspension ropes or belts. Of course, as an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, other suspension configurations or other types of elevator would also be conceivable. Below the car 3, a collecting device 4, described in detail below, for catching people falling into the elevator shaft 2 is attached to the car 3. Further components of the elevator installation 1, such as a counterweight connected to the car, guide rails, etc., have not been shown for reasons of clarity.
    The drive unit 16 for moving the car 3 is connected to a control device 13 for controlling the drive unit 13. The control device 13 receives input signals, for example, from an input device (not shown) (e.g. panel with floor buttons) in the car 3 or from input devices (not shown) on the floors. The control device 13 specifies a speed curve as a function of the input signals and regulates the motor of the drive unit 16 for the cabin travel accordingly.
    The fall arrester 4 comprises a safety net 5, for example a certified safety net for fall protection. The catching device 4 further comprises holding elements 6, for example in the form of ropes, via which the safety net 5 is attached to the cabin 3. The catching device 4 has the task of catching people falling into the elevator shaft 2 and thus protecting them from a complete fall. Such a fall protection device may be necessary if the car 3 gets stuck between the floors and then the people trapped in the car 3 have to be evacuated from the car 3. A gap can arise between the underside of the stuck car 3 and the floor. This gap can be closed at least partially by means of a cabin apron. In elevator systems with shaft pits with shallow pit depths (pit depth less than 60 cm, preferably less than 35 cm), for which the present collection device 4 is particularly suitable, shortened car aprons, which protrude beyond the car bottom 18 by, for example, only 10-15 cm, can be used. In the worst case, in which the car 3 gets stuck approximately in the middle between the floors, a dangerous gap can arise despite the car apron. The cabin can then stand 150 cm above the holding level, for example. The person descending from the car 3 can, in rare cases, come to his back and fall into the elevator shaft 2 through the gap between the underside of the car and the floor. Thanks to the catching device 4, which catches the person falling in this way, a complete fall, which would be fatal, can be prevented. The collecting device 4 is simple in terms of structure and assembly and inexpensive to purchase. Complicated and expensive foldable or telescopic cabin aprons are not necessary.
    In the normal or standby position shown in Fig. 1, the safety net 5 is freely suspended by the holding elements 6 and there is a predetermined network distance between the cabin underside 18 and the safety net 5. This network spacing can be between 100 cm and 200 cm (e.g. 150 cm) for normal cabin sizes and ceiling heights of the floors. As an alternative to the aforementioned safety net 5, the catching device 4 can have another flat catching element (e.g. foil, rigid or flexible plate, grid) covering the shaft space of the elevator shaft 2 in plan or plan view for catching people.
    The ropes for hanging the fall arrester 4 are designed to be flexible and allow for elevator systems with shaft pits with shallow pit depths that in the lowest floor position the cabin bottom 18 reaches practically directly to the shaft bottom 15 of the shaft pit. The safety net 5 then rests on the shaft bottom 15, the flexible holding elements 6 are put together. When driving away, the flexible holding elements 6 are stretched again and the collecting element is guided back into the ready position. The safety net 5 is laterally enclosed in a frame structure 14, which is preferably designed to be flexible. To create the frame structure, flexible plastic tubes can be used, which yield in the event of a fall and thus further reduce the risk of injury.
    At the interface of the collecting device 4 to the cabin 3 load measuring sensors 12 are arranged with which the load acting on the collecting device 4 can be detected. In the present case, a load measuring sensor 12 is assigned to each holding element 6. The load measuring sensors 12 are arranged on the upper cable ends of the holding elements 6 and can, for example, be integrated in the connecting parts for connecting the cables to the car 3. Another arrangement of the load measuring sensors 12 in the collecting device 4 would also be conceivable. The load measuring sensors 12 could also be arranged at the lower end of the ropes 6 or in the safety net 5. The load change resulting from a person in the safety net can be determined and recorded by means of the load measuring sensors 12. This makes it easy to determine whether a person has fallen into the collecting device 4.
    The load measuring sensors 12 are part of a monitoring device 7 for detecting the load acting on the collecting device 4. In the present exemplary embodiment, the monitoring device 7 is connected to the control device 13. When a certain limit value of the measurement signals detected by the load measurement sensors 12 is exceeded, the control device 13 emits a control signal to the drive unit, so that any travel of the car is stopped. In the event that the car 3 is at a standstill, the signal from the monitoring device 7 causes the drive unit 16 to remain in the rest or inactive position. In particular, it can be prevented that a car moving downwards can crush the person caught by the net in the shaft pit. The load measuring sensors 12 of the monitoring device 7 for detecting the load acting on the collecting device 4 could be connected to nodes of a safety bus to which the control device 13 is connected. The control device 13 is designed as a safety control, at least with regard to the monitoring of the interception device 4, which triggers or initiates a situation-dependent reaction depending on the signals received from the load measuring sensors 12.
    The connection of the load measuring sensors 12 in the monitoring device 7 can be configured differently depending on the requirements and the area of application. The monitoring device 7 can also be part of a conventional safety circuit. Such a safety circuit would immediately interrupt the operation of the elevator car if a person were detected in the fallen collecting device 4. It is also conceivable for the safety system assigned to the safety net 5 to be implemented independently of the other systems for operating the elevator installation in order to ensure increased safety.
    Fig. 2 shows a collecting device 4 with a safety net 5 and four flexible holding elements 6, for example in the form of ropes with, for example, about 150 cm in length, over which the safety net 5 is attached to the (not shown) cabin. In addition, two cables 10 and 11 are provided, which are incorporated in the safety net 5. The first cable 10 runs approximately diagonally in the safety net 5. The second cable 11 is arranged at the edge in the safety net 5. The cables 10, 11 are coupled at their ends on the cabin side via safety contacts 8, 9 to the underside of the cabin (not shown). In FIG. 2, in contrast to the variant shown in FIG. 1, in which the monitoring means are assigned to the holding elements, a monitoring device 7 separated from the holding elements 6 is evidently used for monitoring the collecting device 4. The holding elements 6 are used here only to hold the safety net. If a person falls into the safety net, at least one of - as a rule probably both - safety contacts 8, 9 is opened. Instead of safety contacts 8, 9, safety switches could also be used, which are switched over if a person falls into the safety net.
    The safety contacts 8, 9 can, for example, be connected to one another in a series circuit (not shown here) and be part of a safety circuit. The safety circuit is fed, for example, from a voltage source, with a safety relay being connected at the end of the safety circuit. If the safety contacts 8, 9 (and any other safety contacts) are closed, the safety relay is activated. The elevator control monitors the state of the safety relay and, if the safety relay is activated, the control device (13) releases a pending travel command, for example.
    Instead of the holding elements 6 formed by ropes, other types of holding elements for holding the safety net 5 could also be used. For example, telescopic retaining elements could be used, which are pushed in when the car is on the lowest floor of a building and the collecting element rests on the shaft floor. The collecting device could furthermore also have movable holding elements by means of a scissor mechanism, a folding mechanism. For example, retaining elements that are pivotably connected to the car could be used, which are folded in when the car is on the lowest floor of a building and the collecting element rests on the shaft floor.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. Elevator system (1) with a car (3) which can be moved in an elevator shaft (2), a collecting device (4) for catching people falling into the elevator shaft being attached to the car (3) below the car (3), thereby characterized in that it has a monitoring device (7) for detecting a load acting on the collecting device (4).
    [2]
    2. Elevator installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting device (4) comprises a flat collecting element and in particular a safety net (5).
    [3]
    3. Elevator installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises an elevator shaft (2), the elevator shaft (2) having a low shaft pit with a pit depth of less than 60 cm and preferably less than 35 cm.
    [4]
    4. Elevator system according to Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the collecting element (5) is attached to the car (3) via holding elements (6) and that the collecting device (4) and the elevator shaft (2) are designed such that when the cabin (3) is on the lowest floor of a building, the collecting element (5) rests on the shaft floor (15), the collecting element (5) is closer to the cabin (3) - than when the collecting element (5) is in a Normal position is attached to the cabin (3) - is located.
    [5]
    5. Elevator installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the catching device (4) has flexible holding elements (6) or that the catching device (4) has holding elements (6) movable by means of a movement mechanism.
    [6]
    6. Elevator installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the monitoring device (7) has a sensor (12) or a safety contact or switch (8, 9).
    [7]
    7. Elevator installation according to claim 6, characterized in that the monitoring device (7) comprises at least one cable (10, 11) which is integrated in the collecting element (5), the cable (10, 11) with the sensor (12), the safety contact or the safety switch (8, 9) is connected.
    [8]
    8. Elevator system according to claim 7, characterized in that the elevator system has a first cable pull (9) which runs approximately diagonally in the collecting element (5).
    [9]
    9. Elevator system according to claim 8, characterized in that the elevator system has a second cable pull (11) which is arranged at the edge in the collecting element (5).
    [10]
    10. Elevator system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the elevator system has a control device (13) for controlling a drive for moving the elevator car and that the monitoring device (7) is connected to the control device (13) in such a way that at Detection of a critical load by the monitoring device (7) the control device (13) prevents or stops a movement of the elevator car.
    [11]
    11. Elevator installation according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the collecting element (5) is laterally enclosed in a frame structure (14) which is designed to be flexible.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2018054927A1|2018-03-29|
    DE112017004792A5|2019-06-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    KR20110114190A|2010-04-13|2011-10-19|김태수|An apparatus for falling prevent of elevator|
    CN103058035A|2012-12-25|2013-04-24|王宝根|Elevator anti-falling safety net|
    CN204198193U|2014-11-08|2015-03-11|台州富士电梯制造有限公司|Elevator|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP16190601|2016-09-26|
    PCT/EP2017/073690|WO2018054927A1|2016-09-26|2017-09-20|Elevator system having a car comprising a catching device|
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