![]() OCT device and method for performing an OCT measurement.
专利摘要:
The invention relates to an OCT device comprising an OCT light source (15), an OCT evaluation unit (16), a first OCT light guide (19), a second OCT light guide (20) and a switching module (18). The light from the OCT light source (15) passes through the switching module (18). In a first state of the switchover module (18), the OCT light is guided to an entry end of the first OCT light guide (19). In a second state of the switchover module (18), the OCT light is guided to an entry end of the second OCT light guide (20). A scanning device (29) assigned to the first OCT light guide (19) is arranged between the switchover module (18) and the object plane. The object plane is characterized in that the OCT beam path is focused in the object plane in an operating state of the OCT device. The OCT device according to the invention can be used flexibly. The invention also relates to a method for performing an OCT measurement. 公开号:CH713812B1 申请号:CH01190/18 申请日:2017-03-30 公开日:2021-06-15 发明作者:Krug Marc;Lankenau Eva 申请人:Optomedical Tech Gmbh; IPC主号:
专利说明:
The invention relates to an OCT device which comprises an OCT light source and an OCT evaluation unit. The invention also relates to an associated method. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging method known in the prior art. Short-coherent OCT light is directed onto an object, in particular human tissue, and the reflected portions of the light are used to deduce scattering centers in the object. In the OCT evaluation unit, the light reflected by the object and the light from a reference beam path are superimposed. The image information is obtained by evaluating the interference pattern of the two beam paths. The light emanating from the OCT light source is guided onto the object via a light guide. The light emerging from the exit end of the light guide hits the object. The reflected portions of the light re-enter the light guide and are guided back to the OCT evaluation unit via the light guide. The arrangement and alignment of the light guide therefore decisively determine which OCT information can be obtained. Some conversion effort is required in order to obtain different OCT information with the same OCT device. The invention is based on the object of presenting an OCT device and an associated method which offer more flexible application options. Based on the stated prior art, the object is achieved with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims. According to the invention, the OCT device comprises a first OCT light guide, a second OCT light guide and a switching module. The light from the OCT light source passes through the switch module. In a first state of the switchover module, the OCT light is directed to an entry end of the first light guide. In a second state of the switchover module, the OCT light is guided to an entry end of the second OCT light guide. A scanning device assigned to the first OCT light guide is arranged between the switchover module and the object plane. The object plane is characterized in that the OCT beam path is focused in the object plane in an operating state of the OCT device. The switching module makes it possible that different OCT information can be obtained with the OCT device in a quick and uncomplicated manner. When the OCT light is guided into the object plane via the first light guide and the scanning device, two-dimensional image information can be obtained. If the OCT light passes through the second light guide, the OCT light passes, unaffected, through the scanning device assigned to the first light guide into the associated object plane. Different OCT information can therefore be obtained via the second OCT light guide than via the first OCT light guide. This opens up a large number of novel application possibilities. The OCT device preferably comprises an intermediate light guide which is arranged between the OCT light source and the switching module. The intermediate light guide is connected to an input side of the switchover module. The terms input and output are used in relation to the direction of movement from the OCT light source to the object area. On the return path of the OCT light, the optical elements of the OCT device can be traversed in the opposite direction. The switching module can have a first output and a second output, the first OCT light guide being connected to the first output and the second OCT light guide being connected to the second output. A flexible light guide section is preferably provided within the switchover module, one end of which is connected to the input side of the switchover module. The other end of the flexible light guide section can preferably be optionally coupled to the first output or to the second output of the switchover module. The OCT light is thus optionally directed either into the first OCT light guide or into the second OCT light guide. It is also possible that the switchover module has a plurality of light guide ends arranged in a fixed position and that the switchover module comprises a movable optical element with which the OCT light is introduced into different light guides. In the switching module, a mechanical switch can be provided which is designed to move one end of the flexible light guide section. The other end of the light guide preferably remains in an unchanged position during the switchover. The changeover switch can be, for example, a rotating mechanism or a sliding mechanism. Switching between the first OCT light guide and the second OCT light guide is preferably triggered by a control signal, in particular an electrical control signal. The control signal can be triggered by an operating process by an operator, for example by the operator actuating a switch or making an input. In addition or as an alternative to this, the control signal can also be generated by a control unit. The control unit can, for example, be designed to automatically generate the control signal in accordance with a predetermined time sequence. Among other things, this opens up the possibility of performing different measurements quasi-parallel by switching between the two OCT light guides within very short time intervals. This is of interest, for example, when the properties of the examined object change over time. In order to obtain meaningful information with the OCT device, the OCT beam path should be focused in the object plane. Essentially point-like image information can consequently be obtained by means of an OCT beam which is directed via the second OCT light guide to a specific position in the object plane. This is sufficient for certain applications, for example when the OCT device is to be used to determine the distance between an exit end of the OCT light guide and an object. For two-dimensional image information, the object must be scanned with the OCT beam. The OCT beam is thus moved in the object plane in order to compose a flat image from a large number of point-like image information. For this purpose, the first OCT light guide is assigned a scanning device which is designed to deflect the OCT beam in such a way that the OCT beam scans an object plane. If a scanning device is assigned to one of the OCT light guides, an OCT beam passing through the other OCT light guide cannot be influenced by this scanning device. The scanning device can be designed, for example, that the exit end of the OCT light guide is moved in order to deflect the OCT beam in the desired manner. In a preferred embodiment, a scanning device, which deflects the OCT beam in the desired manner, is arranged between the exit end of the OCT light guide and the object plane. The scanning device can comprise one or more movable mirrors which deflect the OCT beam. In one variant, the scanning device comprises two scanning mirrors which are mounted pivotably about axes that are orthogonal to one another. The OCT device can comprise a control unit by which the scanning device is controlled. The relevant control signals can be transmitted electrically from the control unit to the scanning device. In a preferred embodiment, the transmission path for the control signals extends through the control module. The OCT device according to the invention can be set up in such a way that a scanning device is only provided for the first OCT light guide. Such an OCT device can be used, for example, if a flat image is to be obtained with the first OCT light guide, while the distance between an exit end of the light guide and an object is to be measured with the other light guide. In other cases it may be desirable to obtain two-dimensional image information with both OCT light guides. The OCT device can therefore comprise a first scanning device assigned to the first OCT light guide and a second scanning device assigned to the second OCT light guide. Both scanning devices can be controlled by a control unit of the OCT device, with the transmission paths for both scanning devices being able to extend through the switchover module. In a preferred embodiment, the control of the scanning devices is coupled with the control of the switchover module. In this way it can be achieved that the control signals from the control unit are always directed to the scanning device of that OCT light guide through which the OCT light is currently being passed. This enables various automated processes in which the two OCT light guides are switched back and forth. For example, an electrical switch can be provided in the switchover module, with which it is possible to switch between the two scanning devices. The electrical switch can be controlled with the same control signal that is used to switch between the two OCT light guides. When switching between the first OCT light guide and the second OCT light guide, a scanning device is activated. In order to compensate for different optical paths between the two OCT light guides, one or both of the OCT light guides can be assigned a compensation unit for adjusting the optical paths. If the optical paths are of different lengths, the compensation unit preferably includes an additional air path through which the OCT light is guided. If a dispersion difference is associated with the two optical paths, the compensation unit preferably comprises an optical element to compensate for the dispersion. If a polarization difference results from the two optical paths, the compensation unit preferably comprises an optical element for balancing the polarization, in particular a polarization regulator. The compensation unit can be designed to compensate for one or more of these differences. In one embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises a surgical microscope, the beam path of the first OCT light guide being guided through the main objective of the surgical microscope. The OCT beam path can be coupled into the observation beam path of the surgical microscope, for example, via the camera port or via the illumination beam path. The scanning device assigned to the first light guide is preferably arranged between the switchover module and the main objective of the surgical microscope. The second OCT light guide can be connected to a surgical instrument, which makes it possible to determine the distance between an instrument head and an object. This can be used during surgical operations to prevent accidental injuries from being inflicted with the surgical instrument. The OCT beam can be directed onto the area in front of the instrument head. It is also possible for the OCT beam to additionally cover part of the instrument head so that the distance can be determined directly by an OCT evaluation. In an alternative embodiment, the second OCT light guide is also provided with a scanning device. The second OCT light guide can be connected, for example, to an OCT handpiece that is placed directly on the tissue to be examined. Alternatively, the second OCT light guide can be coupled into the beam path of an endoscope. It is possible to use the surgical microscope and the OCT handpiece or endoscope to record OCT images from different perspectives. Other combinations of the mentioned optical devices and other instruments are also encompassed by the invention. A switchover module is also possible which can switch between more than two states, with a different OCT light guide being active in each of the states. For example, the switching module can be designed to switch between three or four OCT light guides. The switchover module can be designed as a separate structural unit which is arranged between an OCT unit and the OCT light guides. It is also possible to integrate the switchover module into a housing of the OCT unit. The housing of the OCT unit then preferably has several outputs to which OCT light guides can be connected. The invention also relates to a method for performing an OCT measurement. In the method, OCT light is directed from an OCT light source via a switch module and a first OCT light guide and a scanning device onto an object, and the light reflected from the object is evaluated in an OCT evaluation unit. The switching module is actuated in order to guide the OCT light from the OCT light source via a second OCT light guide onto an object, and the light reflected from the object is evaluated in the OCT evaluation unit. The method can be developed with further features that are described in the context of the device according to the invention. The device can be developed with further features which are described in connection with the method according to the invention. The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings on the basis of advantageous embodiments. The figures show: FIG. 1: a schematic representation of an OCT device according to the invention; 2: a schematic representation of a switchover module in two states A, B; 3: an alternative embodiment of a switchover module; 4: an alternative embodiment of an OCT device according to the invention; FIG. 5: the view according to FIG. 3 with another embodiment of a switchover module; FIG. and FIG. 6: an OCT device and a switchover module in a further embodiment of a device according to the invention. According to FIG. 1, an OCT device according to the invention comprises an OCT device 14 in which an OCT light source 15 and an OCT evaluation unit 16 are arranged. Light emitted by the OCT light source is guided to the input side of a switchover module 18 via an intermediate light guide 17. A first OCT light guide 19 and a second OCT light guide 20 are connected to an output side of the switchover module 18. The first OCT light guide 19 extends to a surgical microscope 21. The second OCT light guide 20 extends to a surgical instrument 22. The surgical microscope defines a stereoscopic observation beam path 23 which extends from an object plane 24 through a main objective 25, a magnification system not visible in FIG. In the eyepieces 27, an observer sees an enlarged image from the object plane 24. The first OCT light guide 19 extends to a camera port 28 of the surgical microscope 21. A beam splitter is arranged in the observation beam path of the surgical microscope 21. Conversely, light supplied via the camera port 28 is coupled into the observation beam path and moves along the observation beam path into the object plane 24. In the OCT beam path, which extends from the OCT device 14 via the switching module 18, the first OCT light guide 19 and the surgical microscope 21 into the object plane 24, optical elements are arranged such that the OCT beam path is focused in an OCT object plane. The OCT object plane can coincide with the object plane 24 of the surgical microscope. The OCT object plane can also lie slightly below the surface of the object, since it is possible for the OCT light to penetrate a certain distance into human tissue. In this way, point-like image information can be obtained from the OCT object plane with the OCT beam path. In order to obtain two-dimensional image information from which additional information is obtained for the optical image visible in the surgical microscope 21, the object is scanned with the OCT beam. For this purpose, a scanning device 29 is arranged between the first OCT light guide 19 and the camera port 28. The scanning device 29 comprises two scanning mirrors which are mounted pivotably about mutually orthogonal axes and are equipped with drives for a relevant pivoting movement. Embodiments are also possible in which the scanning is carried out by a single scanning mirror which is deflected in two directions via a MEMS (Micro Electronic Mechanical System). The drives are controlled in a suitable manner by a controller 30 of the OCT device via an electrical cable 31, so that the OCT beam scans the object plane. The OCT evaluation unit 16 can compose a two-dimensional image from the sum of the point-like image information. The surgical instrument 22 extends from a handle 32 over a shaft 33 to an instrument head 34. The exit end of the second OCT light guide 20 is connected to the shaft 33 of the surgical instrument 22. The exit end of the second OCT light guide 20 is aligned such that the OCT beam extends essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 22. The OCT beam can extend past the instrument head or partially capture the instrument head. In both cases, point-like image information can be obtained from the area in front of the instrument head 34 with the OCT beam. The punctiform image information is evaluated in the evaluation unit 16 of the OCT device 14 in order to determine the distance between the instrument head 34 of the surgical instrument 22 and an object arranged in front of the instrument head 34. In this way, a surgeon can continuously monitor the distance and thus ensure that he does not accidentally come into contact with the tissue and thus cause an injury. If the OCT beam also partially covers the instrument head, the distance between the instrument head and the object can be measured directly. The OCT device 14 cannot evaluate the signals from the first OCT light guide 19 and the second OCT light guide 20 at the same time, but only one after the other. The switchover module 18 is designed to couple the intermediate light guide 17 either to the first OCT light guide 19 or to the second OCT light guide 20. This ensures that only one of the OCT light guides 19, 20 is active at any point in time. According to FIG. 2, the switching module 18 comprises an input to which the intermediate light guide 17 is connected, and two outputs to which the first OCT light guide 19 and the second OCT light guide 20 are connected. All light guides 17 open into a collimator 47 within the switchover module 18. The switchover module 18 includes a switch 36 with which a mirror 48 arranged between the collimators 47 can be moved. In a first position (FIG. 2A) of the switch 36, the mirror 48 is arranged in front of the collimator 47 of the intermediate light guide 17, so that light emerging from the intermediate light guide 17 is reflected to the first OCT light guide 19. In a second position (FIG. 2B), the mirror 48 has moved downwards so that the light emerging from the intermediate light guide 17 passes directly into the second OCT light guide 20. The switchover module 18 comprises an actuation button 37 in order to switch between the two states of the switch 36. The operating button 37 is operated by the surgeon when required. If the surgeon would like additional OCT image information to the optical image in the surgical microscope 21, he brings the switchover module 18 into the first switching state. If the surgeon would like information about the distance between the instrument head 34 of the surgical instrument 22 and an object arranged in front of it, he puts the switchover module 18 into the second switching state. When the switchover module 18 is switched, a control signal is sent to the OCT device 14 at the same time, so that the OCT device 14 receives the information as to which of the two OCT light guides 19, 20 is active. If the first OCT light guide 19 is active, the controller 30 sends control signals to the scanning device 29, and the OCT evaluation unit 16 evaluates the OCT image information from the object plane. If the second OCT light guide 20 is active, the controller 30 remains inactive and the evaluation unit 16 determines the distance between the instrument head 34 and an object. For the evaluation of the OCT signal, it is advantageous if the optical path via the first OCT light guide 19 is just as long as the optical path via the second OCT light guide 20. This is not necessarily the case because A longer air path has to be covered between the main objective 25 of the surgical microscope 21 and the object plane 24, while the instrument head 34 of the surgical instrument 22 is brought close to the object plane. In order to compensate for this, the OCT device according to the invention can comprise a compensation path. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, the compensation path is arranged in a switchover module 18 in which a flexible light guide section 35 is coupled via a switch 36 either to the first OCT light guide 19 or to the second OCT light guide 20. In a switching position of the switch 36, a first lens 38 is arranged in front of the exit end of the flexible light guide section 35, which converts the OCT light into a collimated beam so that the OCT beam can overcome an air gap that extends over two mirrors 39, 40 and a second lens 41, via which the OCT light is fed to the entry end of the second OCT light guide 20. In the second embodiment of a device according to the invention shown in FIG. 4, the second OCT light guide 20 extends to a camera port 42 of an endoscope 43. A second scanning device 44 is arranged between the exit end of the second OCT light guide 20 and the camera port 42 , which is also controlled by the controller 30 of the OCT device 14 via a second electrical line 45. By operating the switch 18, the surgeon can switch between the surgical microscope 21 and the endoscope 43. In the first switch position of the switch 18, it receives additional OCT image information for the optical image of the surgical microscope 21. In the second switch position of the switch 18, it receives supplementary image information for the optical image of the endoscope 43. 5 shows an embodiment of a switchover module 18 in which the switchover module 18 comprises a flexible light guide section 35, the input side of which is connected to the intermediate light guide 17. With the changeover switch 36, the flexible light guide section 35 can be coupled either to the first OCT light guide 19 or to the second OCT light guide 20. The changeover switch 36 switches not only between the two OCT light guides 19, 20, but also between the two electrical lines 31, 45. In addition to the flexible light guide section 35, an electrical cable 46 coming from the OCT device 14 therefore extends through the switch 18. 6 shows an embodiment in which the changeover switch 36 is activated by a control signal from the controller 30 of the OCT device 14. Switching between the first OCT light guide 19 and the second OCT light guide 20 therefore takes place without manual intervention.
权利要求:
Claims (11) [1] 1. OCT device, comprising an OCT light source (15), an OCT evaluation unit (16), a first OCT light guide (19), a second OCT light guide (20) and a switch module (18), the switch module (18) is set up in such a way that the light from the OCT light source (15) passes through the switching module (18) and wherein, in a first state of the switching module (18), the OCT light reaches an entry end of the first OCT light guide (19 ), wherein in a second state of the switching module (18) the OCT light is guided to an entry end of the second OCT light guide (20), and wherein between the switching module (18) and the object plane one of the first OCT light guides ( 19) associated scanning device (29) is arranged, wherein the object plane is characterized in that the OCT beam path is focused in an operating state of the OCT device in the object plane. [2] 2. OCT device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switch module (18) comprises a mechanical switch (36) and a flexible light guide section (35), and that the switch (36) is designed to one end of the flexible To move the light guide section (35) so that the flexible light guide section (35) is coupled either to the first OCT light guide (19) or to the second OCT light guide (20). [3] 3. OCT device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching module (18) is designed so that switching between the first OCT light guide (19) and the second OCT light guide (20) can be triggered by a control signal. [4] 4. OCT device according to claim 3, characterized in that the OCT device comprises a control unit (3), the control unit (3) being designed to generate the control signal. [5] 5. OCT device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a scanning device (44) assigned to the second OCT light guide (20) is arranged between the switchover module (18) and the object plane. [6] 6. OCT device according to claim 5, characterized in that the OCT device is set up so that when switching between the first OCT light guide (19) and the second OCT light guide (20) one of the two scanning devices (29, 44) is activated. [7] 7. OCT device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first OCT light guide and / or the second OCT light guide a compensation unit (38, 39, 40, 41) to compensate for path length differences, polarization differences and / or Dispersion differences is assigned. [8] 8. OCT device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the device is designed to perform a distance measurement between an exit end of the first OCT light guide (19) and an object with the first OCT light guide (19) and / or to use the second OCT light guide (20) to perform a distance measurement between an exit end of the second OCT light guide (20) and an object. [9] 9. OCT device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the OCT device comprises an optical device, wherein the OCT beam path of the first OCT light guide (19) and / or the second OCT light guide (20) is coupled into the beam path of the optical device, the optical device in particular being a surgical microscope (21) or an endoscope (43). [10] 10. OCT device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the switching module (18) is designed to switch more than two OCT light guides. [11] 11. A method for performing an OCT measurement in which OCT light from an OCT light source (15) via a switching module (18) and a first OCT light guide (19) and a scanning device (29) is directed onto an object and that Light thrown back from the object is evaluated in an OCT evaluation unit (16), and in which the switching module is actuated in order to direct the OCT light from the OCT light source (15) to an object via a second OCT light guide (20) guide and the light reflected by the object is evaluated in the OCT evaluation unit (16).
类似技术:
公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题 EP1918754B1|2010-12-08|Operation microscope with OCT system EP0630487B1|1996-11-27|Process and device for representing a work area in a threedimensional structure EP2482113B1|2017-12-27|Operation microscope with OCT system EP1618836B1|2010-04-07|Larygoscope with OCT EP0363762B1|1996-01-03|Two optically-mechanically coupled operation microscopes with coaxial illumination DE10262323B4|2016-06-16|surgical microscope EP0011709B1|1982-06-23|Light-guide device for incident illumination EP1918753B1|2011-07-27|Operation microscope with OCT system DE10356826B4|2021-12-02|Scanning microscope EP2221653A1|2010-08-25|Operation microscope with OCT system DE102004006541A1|2004-08-19|endoscope DE102009043523A1|2011-04-07|endoscope EP3056934A1|2016-08-17|Measuring head of an endoscopic device and method of inspecting and measuring an object EP1416308B1|2006-12-27|Comparing optical system DE102005046638B4|2022-01-27|Scanning microscope and method for sample manipulation with a manipulation light beam in a scanning microscope CH713812B1|2021-06-15|OCT device and method for performing an OCT measurement. DE3335579C2|1989-06-15| DE102009028229B3|2010-12-09|Illumination device for a surgical microscope DE10233549B4|2021-10-14|Scanning microscope with manipulation light beam and method for scanning microscopy DE3244484A1|1983-06-16|DEVICE FOR OPTIMIZING THE COUPLING OF TWO OPTICAL SYSTEMS FOR OBSERVING AND ANALYZING OBJECTS DE202007012433U1|2009-01-08|Surgical microscope with illumination device DE102017109128B4|2020-12-24|Endoscope for 3D measurement of objects as well as the associated construction kit and use EP2670293B1|2020-07-15|Method and device for the sequential recording of interferometric deep sectional images at different depths, in particular for analysis of the eye DE10260887A1|2004-07-01|coherence microscope DE102010003295B4|2014-09-04|Illumination device for a surgical microscope
同族专利:
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引用文献:
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 DE102016205370.1A|DE102016205370A1|2016-03-31|2016-03-31|OCT system| PCT/EP2017/057491|WO2017167850A1|2016-03-31|2017-03-30|Oct system| 相关专利
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