• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for vibration relaxation of workpieces. A vibration device (9) has at least one eccentric (10, 16) with a vibration drive (11, 15), for example an electric motor. The vibration is caused by imbalance. This vibration device (9) is arranged on a rotating device (1). As a result, the rotational position (4) and thus the vibration axis relative to the workpiece is adjustable. If two or more eccentrics (10, 16) are present, then their rotational position can be mutually variable and thus their vibration effect. Thanks to the device according to the invention, even complex workpieces, for example with welded webs, can be reliably relieved.
    公开号:CH713680A2
    申请号:CH00472/17
    申请日:2017-04-07
    公开日:2018-10-15
    发明作者:Widmer Hans-Peter
    申请人:Hans Peter Widmer；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The present invention relates to a device for vibration relaxation of workpieces.
    When machining workpieces made of metal, for example when welding, arise in the workpiece stresses. These unwanted stresses remain in the workpiece. Casting, forging or machining can also cause permanent stress. These residual stresses reduce the load capacity of the workpiece and can also have a negative effect if the workpiece is to be subjected to a further, in particular chip removal, machining. In addition to impaired dimensional stability, the later corrosion resistance of the workpiece may also suffer. Known and widespread is the relaxing of workpieces by heating or annealing. This is time consuming, energy consuming and expensive. However, it is also not unproblematic with respect to the workpiece, because both the heating and the cooling can easily change its dimensional stability and distort the workpiece. Flame-directed workpieces have locally a state of stress that is in equilibrium with the environment. If this workpiece is annealed, a new state of tension is created by deformation and the workpiece is then bent. Subsequent editing will then have no major impact on straightness. In addition, it forms during annealing tinder, which can be removed again in a further step from the workpiece surface. For example, by sandblasting, which can lead to new stresses in the workpiece.
    Decades ago, it was proposed to reduce the residual stresses in the metal caused by machining by shaking or vibration of the workpiece again. For this purpose, the workpiece is vibrated or vibrated on a vibration table or by means of an attached vibration device. That can be over 5 to 30 minutes. For larger and heavier workpieces also much longer vibration times have been known, but this is to be avoided for various reasons. When vibrating, the internal stresses are balanced over the entire workpiece, not just on the surface. The workpiece can be further processed. The residual stress reduction is strongest at the beginning of the vibration, but the effectiveness then flattens off quite quickly. This method is often associated with several unknowns and requires some material and expertise or appropriate guidance. Although it has many advantages over heat dissipation, namely less time and energy consumption, prevention of heat distortion and scale contamination of the workpiece, the use of vibration relaxation is often spared.
    There are three types of residual stress. The residual stress of the first kind is macroscopic and arises thermally in that the edge and the core of a workpiece cool down at different rates of heat after appropriate heating. In the case of residual stresses of the second kind, phase transformations or formation of precipitates lead to local structural stresses. In the case of residual stresses of the third kind, dislocations are surrounded by a field of stress.
    A prerequisite for the often proven, successful stabilization of form by vibration is a reduction of the macroscopic residual stresses in the workpiece, that is, the voltages of the first kind. The voltage reduction requires at least a local crossing of the flow limit, which is influenced by various factors. These include high residual stresses superimposed by rectified load voltages, or local overshoots of load and residual stresses due to notches, cracks, or voids.
    The difficulty is to reliably reach all areas of a workpiece and to relax by vibration. First, an attempt was made to vibrate in two directions perpendicular to each other. However, numerous test tests and measurements have shown that the corresponding device is also not optimal, or that the result of the vibration relaxation could be significantly improved by a new, further developed device which widens the possibility of amplification.
    On the basis of these findings, the invention has the object to provide a device for vibration relaxation of workpieces, which leads to optimal results of vibration relaxation and is practical for metal-processing operations.
    Thanks to the device according to the invention, even complex workpieces, for example with welded-on webs, can be reliably relieved.
    The inventive device corresponds to the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the inventive concept are apparent from the dependent claims.
    Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
    1 shows a rotating device of the device according to the invention for vibration relaxation of workpieces; Fig. 2 shows a vibration device of the same device,
    FIG. 3 shows a vibration device according to FIG. 2 arranged on the rotary device according to FIG. 1; FIG.
    4 shows an example of the practical use of the device according to the invention according to FIG. 3.
    The device for vibration relaxation of workpieces has a rotating device 1 of FIG. That is, a device with a rotatable element 2 which is arranged on a fixed component 3, for example in the form of a base plate. The rotatable element 2 may, as in the present example, be designed as a hub, since the circular shape is the most meaningful, but not mandatory.
    In practical use, this rotator 1 will usually be arranged horizontally. The rotatable element 2 could each be manually rotated to a desired rotational position 4. It makes more sense, however, to provide a motorized rotary drive 5, as in the present embodiment. For this purpose, according to FIG. 1, a rotary drive 5 is provided with an electric motor which is operatively connected to the rotatable element 2 via a gear 6 and drive wheel 7. The latter can take place in that the drive wheel 7 is a gear and on the circumference of the rotatable Eléments 2 a sprocket 8 is present or this rotatable Elément in turn rotatably connected to a eige nen, second gear or sprocket. Of course, other active compounds would be conceivable, even up to a technically known drive belt.
    In order to determine the rotatable Elément 2 safely in the respective desired rotational position, in addition, a lock or a brake may be present. For this purpose, technically different, suitable locking devices are known. For example, at least one locking device actuated by a piston can be pressed from below against the rotatable element 2 so that it can no longer move. It is only important that the locking device engages quickly and reliably and can be solved just as quickly and easily when the rotatable element 2 is to be brought into a different rotational position 4. Locking and releasing should preferably also be motorized and controlled. The lock or brake is especially important if the rotatable Elément 2 is turned manually in the simplest version.
    The vibration device 9 of FIG. 2 has at least one eccentric 10 with at least one Vibrationsan-drive 11, for example, an electric motor. This electric motor is commercially available per se, the vibration is caused by the caused by the rotating eccentric 10 imbalance. The eccentric 10 is in principle a mounted on the shaft axis 12 of the electric motor control disc whose weight center is outside this shaft axis 12. The vibration drive 11 is arranged on a holder 13, which is in the present case on a plate 14. This is in turn arranged on the rotatable element 2 of the rotary device 1, so that the vibration device 9 can be brought by the rotary device 1 in a desired rotational position 4.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the shaft axis 12 of the vibratory drive 11 is horizontal, in contrast to the vertical axis of rotation of the rotatable Eléments 2. The terms horizontal and vertical are ultimately dependent on the mounting position of the device for vibration relaxation on each workpiece. However, the axis of rotation of the rotatable element 2 must be able to change its alignment with respect to the workpiece in any case. In addition, in this embodiment, the shaft axis 12 is at right angles to said axis of rotation.
    Before discussing the mode of operation of the device according to the invention for vibration relaxation of workpieces, a further development of the concept of the invention will be explained. In the illustration of Fig. 2 not only a first vibratory drive 11, but the two 11 and 15 are present. Both the first 11, as well as the second vibration drive 15 lie in the same axis, which corresponds to the shaft axis 12. Also, the second vibration drive 15 is provided with an eccentric 16. The two vibratory drives 11 and 15 are operated in a preferred embodiment so that they run gleichlàufig and synchronously. However, a different mode of operation remains expressly reserved. The position of the two eccentric 10 and 16 to each other, however, is adjustable. This allows adjustment of the force and type of vibration, which will be explained below.
    The arrangement of the vibration device 9 on the rotating device 1 can be the rotational position 4 and thus the direction of the vibration, ie adjust the vibration axis. The device for vibration relaxation which comprises these two devices 1 and 9 is fastened by means of at least one corresponding fastening device 17 to a workpiece 18 to be relaxed, as shown in FIG. The workpiece 18 should in turn be supported on at least one elastomeric element 19 to allow vibration. The at least one fastening device 17 may be a known screw clamp. But it can also be used similar devices with screws and nuts held webs or flanges, as well as clamping brackets or the like. All that is essential is that the vibratory relaxation device according to the invention be held so tight that it can not unintentionally loosen its position or change its position due to the strong vibrations caused by it itself.
    From Fig. 4 it can be seen that the workpiece to be relaxed 18 may also be a complex component with a plurality of webs and Schweißnâhten. The webs and weld seams of such a component, or workpiece 18, are not always necessarily arranged at right angles to one another in practice.
    The device according to the invention for vibration relaxation, which in a preferred embodiment has a control with which all functions can be controlled and monitored, can be put into operation as soon as it is securely fastened to the workpiece 18. Regardless of the mounting direction of the stationary component 3 of the rotating device 1, the rotational position 4 and thus the vibration axis of the vibration device 9 is adjustable. In other words, the direction in which each primary vibrates, whereby a lesser radiation of the vibration to the left and right of this desired vibration axis is of course not completely excludable. The vibration axis can be successively brought into different Drehpositio-NEN 4. For example, according to the orientation of the webs and welding seams of the workpiece 18. The residual stresses of the workpiece 18, however, may extend in various directions, which are not limited only to the externally visible geometry of this workpiece 18. Suspected but preferably measured stress axes are vibrated and relaxed in succession.
    The illustrated embodiment with two vibratory drives 11 and 15 allows, beyond the adjustment of Déposition 4 addition, other settings variants. If, for example, the second eccentric 16 of the second vibration drive 15 is arranged rotated by 180 ° relative to the first eccentric 10 of the first vibration drive 11, the two eccentrics standing on symmetrical counterpositions cancel each other out and there will be no imbalance. At least none that creates the necessary vibration for relaxation. On the other hand, if both eccentrics 10 and 16 are equal to 0 °, then the vibrational force of the imbalance will double that of a single eccentric. Of course, the increased vibration force also has an effect on the required vibration time. It is clear that several intermediate positions are possible between these two end positions, which these two eccentrics 10 and 16 can assume with respect to one another. This means, on the one hand, that the vibration force, apart from the likewise possible change in the rotational speed of the eccentrics 10 and 16, can be changed by adjusting the imbalance. On the other hand, however, the respective rotational position of the two eccentrics 10 and 16 to each other also has an influence on the vibration rhythm. A syncopated vibration can be generated, with short cyclic successive vibration strokes. This, too, can improve the result of the vibration relaxation since, for example, corners and niches of the workpiece 18 are better achieved than would be the case with conventional, uniform vibration.
    The adjustment of the eccentric 10 and 16 in a new rotational position to each other could be done by the respective vibrati onsantrieb 11 and / or 15. Ultimately, it's about moving one of the two eccentrics slowly in opposite to the other in a different rotational position. Thereafter, both eccentrics 10 and 16 can be rapidly rotated together in the shaft axis 12 to produce the desired vibration.
    Of course, it is within the scope of the invention according to claim 1, the device for vibration relaxation of workpieces differently than shown form. Theoretically, albeit less favorably, would be another arrangement of the eccentric 10 and / or 16 conceivable, for example with vertical shaft axis 12, corresponding to the axis of rotation of the rotatable element 2. Further, the two eccentrics 10 and 16 by a single vibration drive 11 drivable be. Nevertheless, the two eccentrics 10 and 16 would have to be adjustable separately from one another with respect to the common shaft axis 12, if the advantage of their positional change should be given to one another. More than two eccentrics 10 and 16 are also not completely excluded. The required control device for controlling and checking all the devices mentioned can be a programmable control device, as is usual in mechanical metalworking.
    1. Device for vibration relaxation of workpieces (18), characterized by a vibration device (9) which is arranged on a rotating device (1), whereby the rotational position (4) of the vibration device (9) and thus the vibration axis relative to a at one Vibrationsentspannenden workpiece (18) to be arranged, fixed component (3) of said rotating device (1) is adjustable. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration device (9) has at least one eccentric (10) with at least one vibration drive (11), for example an electric motor, wherein the vibration by a by the rotating eccentric (10) resulting imbalance is feasible. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotating device (1) has a rotatable element (2) which can be brought into a plurality of rotational positions (4) in a motor-driven manner relative to the stationary component (3). 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotatable Elément (2) is a turntable, wherein a driving this drive (5) attaches directly or indirectly at its periphery. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the rotatable Elément (2) has a sprocket (8) on which a with a drive (5) connected drive wheel (7) attaches. 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by two vibration drives (11, 15) each having an eccentric (10, 16). 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the two vibration drives (11, 15) and eccentric (10, 16) each lie in the same shaft axis (12). 8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the two vibration drives (11, 15) run synchronously in Vibra tion operation. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the rotational position of the two eccentrics (10, 16) to each other about the shaft axis (12) is adjustable.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    4 are brought. For example, according to the orientation of the webs and welding seams of the workpiece 18. The residual stresses of the workpiece 18, however, may extend in various directions, which are not limited only to the externally visible geometry of this workpiece 18. Suspected but preferably measured stress axes are vibrated and relaxed in succession. The illustrated embodiment with two vibratory drives 11 and 15 allows, beyond the adjustment of Déposition 4 addition, other settings variants. If, for example, the second eccentric 16 of the second vibration drive 15 is arranged rotated by 180 ° relative to the first eccentric 10 of the first vibration drive 11, the two eccentrics standing on symmetrical counterpositions cancel each other out and there will be no imbalance. At least none that creates the necessary vibration for relaxation. On the other hand, if both eccentrics 10 and 16 are equal to 0 °, then the vibrational force of the imbalance will double that of a single eccentric. Of course, the increased vibration force also has an effect on the required vibration time. It is clear that several intermediate positions are possible between these two end positions, which these two eccentrics 10 and 16 can assume with respect to one another. This means, on the one hand, that the vibration force, apart from the likewise possible change in the rotational speed of the eccentrics 10 and 16, can be changed by adjusting the imbalance. On the other hand, however, the respective rotational position of the two eccentrics 10 and 16 to each other also has an influence on the vibration rhythm. A syncopated vibration can be generated, with short cyclic successive vibration strokes. This, too, can improve the result of the vibration relaxation since, for example, corners and niches of the workpiece 18 are better achieved than would be the case with conventional, uniform vibration. The adjustment of the eccentric 10 and 16 in a new rotational position to each other could be done by the respective vibrati onsantrieb 11 and / or 15. Ultimately, it's about moving one of the two eccentrics slowly in opposite to the other in a different rotational position. Thereafter, both eccentrics 10 and 16 can be rapidly rotated together in the shaft axis 12 to produce the desired vibration. Of course, it is within the scope of the invention according to claim 1, the device for vibration relaxation of workpieces differently than shown form. Theoretically, albeit less favorably, would be another arrangement of the eccentric 10 and / or 16 conceivable, for example with vertical shaft axis 12, corresponding to the axis of rotation of the rotatable element 2. Further, the two eccentrics 10 and 16 by a single vibration drive 11 drivable be. Nevertheless, the two eccentrics 10 and 16 would have to be adjustable separately from one another with respect to the common shaft axis 12, if the advantage of their positional change should be given to one another. More than two eccentrics 10 and 16 are also not completely excluded. The required control device for controlling and checking all the devices mentioned can be a programmable control device, as is usual in mechanical metalworking. claims
    1. A device for vibration relaxation of workpieces (18), characterized by a vibration device (9) which is arranged on a rotating device (1), whereby the rotational position (4) of the vibration device (9) and thus the vibration axis with respect to one at a vibration to relax Workpiece (18) to be arranged, fixed component (3) of said rotating device (1) is adjustable.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration device (9) has at least one eccentric (10) with at least one vibration drive (11), for example an electric motor, wherein the vibration by a by the rotating eccentric (10) resulting imbalance is feasible.
    [3]
    3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotating device (1) has a rotatable element (2) which can be brought into a plurality of rotational positions (4) in a motor-driven manner relative to the stationary component (3).
    [4]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotatable Elément (2) is a turntable, wherein a driving this drive (5) attaches directly or indirectly at its periphery.
    [5]
    5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the rotatable Elément (2) has a sprocket (8) on which a with a drive (5) connected drive wheel (7) attaches.
    [6]
    6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by two vibration drives (11, 15) each having an eccentric (10, 16).
    [7]
    7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the two vibration drives (11, 15) and eccentric (10, 16) each lie in the same shaft axis (12).
    [8]
    8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the two vibration drives (11, 15) run synchronously in Vibra tion operation.
    [9]
    9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the rotational position of the two eccentrics (10, 16) to each other about the shaft axis (12) is adjustable.
    [10]
    10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that at least a first of the two eccentric (10, 16) by a drive relative to the second eccentric (10, 16) is adjustable.
    [11]
    11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that at least a first of the two eccentric (10, 16) by the vibration drive (11, 15) relative to the second eccentric (10, 16) is adjustable.
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the rotary device (1) has a fixing device or a braking device by which the respective rotational position (4) of said rotating device (1) can be fixed.
    [13]
    13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by a control device for controlling and checking all devices (1,5, 9, 11, 15).
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00472/17A|CH713680B1|2017-04-07|2017-04-07|Device for vibration relaxation of workpieces.|CH00472/17A| CH713680B1|2017-04-07|2017-04-07|Device for vibration relaxation of workpieces.|
    DE102018106615.5A| DE102018106615A1|2017-04-07|2018-03-21|Device for vibration relaxation of workpieces|
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