![]() Packaging comprising a box body and a lid, wherein the lid is firmly connected to the box body at le
专利摘要:
The invention relates to a package (1). The packaging (1) comprises a box body (2) and a lid (3), in particular a hinged lid. The lid (3) is movable between a closed position and an open position. Before opening the package for the first time, the lid (3) is firmly connected to the box body (2) at at least one connection point (8). The connection point is surrounded by an outer predetermined breaking line (5). The outer predetermined breaking line (5) defines a predetermined breaking surface (7) for opening the lid (3). Within the predetermined breaking surface (7) at least one inner predetermined breaking line (10) is arranged, which divides the predetermined breaking surface (7) completely or partially. 公开号:CH713564A2 申请号:CH00305/17 申请日:2017-03-14 公开日:2018-09-14 发明作者:Kessler Jürg;Hertel Sören 申请人:Dividella Ag; IPC主号:
专利说明:
Description [0001] The present invention relates to a package according to the preamble of claim 1. Generically comparable packaging with a tamper-evident closure have been known and used for many years, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. The tamper-evident closure ensures that the product that has been packaged by a manufacturer is identical to the product that an end-user receives when it opens the packaging. It must be easy to see whether a package has been opened, manipulated or opened for the first time in the meantime. In accordance with EU Directive 2011/62 / EU, this should protect consumers from counterfeiting. In known generic comparable packaging a tamper-evident closure is provided by a lid is connected to a box body by welding or gluing during packaging. When opening the packaging for the first time, a break line breaks around the connection point. Placing the joint is inaccurate due to manufacturing tolerances. As a result, there may be malfunction of the tamper-evident closure when first opened, in which the predetermined breaking line does not tear as intended. It is the object of the invention to ensure a reliable functioning of a tamper-evident closure even with unfavorable tolerance pairings. This object is achieved with a package having the features in claim 1. The packaging is preferably a folding box. The packaging comprises a box body and a lid, in particular a hinged lid. The lid is movable between a closed position and an open position. Before opening the package for the first time, the lid is firmly connected to the box body at at least one joint. The connection point is surrounded by an outer predetermined breaking line. The outer predetermined breaking line limits at least partially a predetermined breaking surface for opening the lid. Within the predetermined breaking surface at least one inner predetermined breaking line is arranged, which divides the predetermined breaking surface completely or partially. By dividing two different parts of the joint can be torn off, so that a risk of malfunction in the first opening is not recognizable, is reduced. In particular, the lid is firmly glued or welded at the junction with the box body. Preferably, the package has at least two inner predetermined breaking lines, which divide the predetermined breaking point in whole or in part. Particularly preferably, the package has three or four or more internal predetermined breaking lines, which divide the predetermined breaking point completely or partially. Preferably, the outer predetermined breaking line completely surrounds the connection point. Alternatively, the outer frangible line surrounds the joint in combination with an edge of the package. Preferably, at least one inner predetermined breaking line is formed as a curvature. Particularly preferably, all inner predetermined breaking lines are formed as a curvature. More preferably, one or more or all predetermined breaking lines are formed as a bow of an ellipse, particularly preferably as a bow of a circle. As a result, the forces that are necessary to demolish a single part of the predetermined breaking surface, lower. Preferably, one, two or more inner predetermined breaking lines is formed as an angle. Particularly preferably, all inner predetermined breaking lines are designed as angles. The angle preferably has an opening angle of 90 ° to 180 °. Particularly preferred is the opening angle of 130 ° to 140 °. As a result, at a second portion torn along the angle, the forces required to rupture the second part are less. Another course, the inner predetermined breaking lines as a bow or S-shaped line would of course be conceivable. In a preferred embodiment, the predetermined breaking surface at least two inner predetermined breaking lines, wherein one or two or more are formed as a curvature and one or two or more are formed as an angle. Preferably, the predetermined breaking surface is elongated and has a longitudinal direction. As a result, an areal greater predetermined breaking point can be arranged on elongated parts of the package, in particular on dust flaps. Preferably, the longitudinal direction of the predetermined breaking surface is arranged so that the first opening of the lid, the outer predetermined breaking line at a first end of the predetermined breaking surface along the longitudinal direction or at an inner predetermined breaking line rips first. As a result, a user must expend less force to tear off parts of the predetermined breaking surface. Preferably, one, two or more of the angles or one, two or more of the curves in the longitudinal direction. Most preferably, all the bends and / or angles are longitudinal. Thereby, the predetermined breaking surface is divided along the longitudinal direction. In addition, the parts of the predetermined breaking surface can be torn off more easily. Alternatively, the angle or the curvature shows a direction transversely, preferably at right angles, to the longitudinal direction. Preferably, the longitudinal direction is arranged so that the predetermined breaking surface tears from a first end along the longitudinal direction of the predetermined breaking surface or one of the inner predetermined breaking line along the longitudinal direction when first opening the lid. Preferably, the longitudinal direction of the predetermined breaking surface is arranged so that the predetermined breaking surface is separated from a first end region forth from the box body when first opening the lid and wherein the first end is an end of the predetermined breaking surface along the longitudinal direction. Preferably, an inner predetermined breaking line is provided in an end region of the predetermined breaking surface and extends transversely to the longitudinal direction. Particularly preferably, one or more inner predetermined breaking lines are straight. Particularly preferably, the inner predetermined breaking line is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. More preferably, the end region is arranged such that the predetermined breaking surface is separated from the end of the box body when opening the lid for the first time. Preferably, a distance between the outer predetermined breaking line and at least one end of an inner predetermined breaking line is provided. Particularly preferred is a distance between both ends of an inner predetermined breaking line and the outer predetermined breaking line is provided. More preferably, a distance between one or both ends of two, three, four or more inner predetermined breaking lines and the outer predetermined breaking lines is provided. Characterized a first part of the predetermined breaking surface and a second part of the predetermined breaking surface are connected, and tear each other if a part should not completely solve. Preferably, an inner predetermined breaking line is connected to at least one end with the outer predetermined breaking line. Particularly preferably, an inner predetermined breaking line is connected to both ends with the outer predetermined breaking line. More preferably, one or both ends of two, three, four or more inner predetermined breaking lines are connected to the outer predetermined breaking line. As a result, a first part of the predetermined breaking surface and a second part of the predetermined breaking surface are completely separated from each other. This creates a fine subdivision and a risk that none of the parts gets stuck is minimized. Preferably, the inner predetermined breaking lines are parallel to each other. As a result, a tearing behavior of the inner predetermined breaking lines is similar. Preferably, one or more upper layers of the predetermined breaking surface can be removed by the outer and / or inner predetermined breaking line. As a result, it can be seen on both the lid and the box body that a package has been opened. Preferably, the inner and / or outer Solbruchlinie are formed as half-section. Half cuts are cheap and easy to produce. Alternatively, the inner and / or outer Solbruchlinie is formed as a perforation. Optionally, a part of the outer and / or inner predetermined breaking line can be formed as a full cut. Preferably, the outer predetermined breaking line encloses the predetermined breaking surface completely. Alternatively, the outer predetermined breaking line partially encloses the predetermined breaking surface and the remaining part of the predetermined breaking surface is enclosed by an edge of the packaging. Preferably, the predetermined breaking surface is arranged on the box body. Particularly preferably, the predetermined breaking surface is arranged on one or more dust flaps. Additionally or alternatively, a predetermined breaking surface is arranged on the cover. Based on figures, which represent only embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail below. They show schematically: 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a folding box according to the invention, 2 shows a detailed view of a predetermined breaking surface of the first embodiment according to the invention, 3 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of a folding box according to the invention, 4 shows a detailed view of a predetermined breaking surface of the second embodiment according to the invention, 5 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of a folding box according to the invention, 6 shows a detailed view of a predetermined breaking surface, the third embodiment according to the invention and FIG Fig. 7: a box that can be placed to a carton. The perspective view in Fig. 1 shows a package which is designed as a folding box 1. The folding box 1 comprises a box body 2 and a lid 3. The box body 2 and the lid 3 are movably connected to one another via a hinge fold 25. The lid 3 can be rotated about the fold 25 relative to the box body 2. The carton 2 is cut out of a surface carton and then folded and erect and glued accordingly. The box body 2 includes a bottom 26, two side walls 17, a front wall 18, and a rear wall 22. The walls 17, 18, 22 are connected directly to the floor 26 via score lines. On the side walls 17 is followed in each case by a dust flap 15. The fold line 25 and the lid 3 are provided at the end of the rear wall. The box body 2 is assembled by first the front wall 18 and the side walls 17 are opened. Inner tabs that laterally connect to the front wall 18 are then glued to the side walls 17. Similarly, the rear wall 22 is also opened and its inner plates 20 are also glued to the side walls. As a result, the box body forms an upwardly open cuboid, in which a cargo can be inserted. The cover 3 is divided into a cover plate 19 and a locking tab 16. In the closed state, the cover plate 19 rests on the inside folded dust flaps 15 and the locking tab 16 is attached to the front wall 18. Fig. 1 shows the carton 1 in an open state prior to insertion of a cargo and a secure with a tamper-evident closure. The tamper-evident closure is realized by predetermined breaking surfaces 7. The predetermined breaking surfaces 7 are provided on the dust flaps 15 and on the front wall 18, respectively. In the closed state before a first opening of the lid is glued to the cover plate 19 with the dust flaps 15 on the predetermined breaking surfaces 7. The bond is arranged on the cover plate 19 in a region 9 opposite the predetermined breaking surfaces 7. In addition, the closure flap 16 is glued in the closed state prior to the first opening with the predetermined breaking surfaces 7 on the front wall 18. Fig. 2 shows one of the predetermined breaking surfaces 7 in detail. The predetermined breaking surface 7 is limited by an outer predetermined breaking line 5. The outer predetermined breaking line 5 is realized by a half-section. The outer predetermined breaking line 5 encloses the predetermined breaking surface 7 completely. Inside the predetermined breaking surface 7, an adhesive surface 8 is provided, on which an adhesive bead 21 is introduced. The adhesive surface 8 is glued on the adhesive bead 21 with the cover 3 on the cover plate 19. The bonding takes place at the predetermined breaking surfaces opposite the portion 9 of the lid 3. The predetermined breaking surface 7 has the shape of an oval with parallel sides and round end portions. The predetermined breaking surface 7 is aligned along a longitudinal direction 11. Inside the predetermined breaking surface 7 inner predetermined breaking lines 10 are provided. The inner predetermined breaking lines 10 have the shape of an angle. Between the two straight lines of the angle is an opening angle 13, which is 130 °. Overall, the predetermined breaking surface 7 has four internal predetermined breaking lines. The four inner predetermined breaking lines divide the predetermined breaking surface 7 into five subregions. The five sections can tear off independently of each other. Between the ends 14 of the inner predetermined breaking lines and the outer predetermined breaking line 5 extends a distance 24. By the distance 24, the five subregions of the predetermined breaking surface 7 are connected to each other, so that if one of the subregions is demolished, further subsections are demolished. FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of a folding box 1 'according to the invention. The folding box 1 'is identical to the folding box 1 except that the tamper-evident closure has been changed. The Solbruchfläche 7 'is shown in detail in Fig. 4. Like the predetermined breaking surface 7, the predetermined breaking surface 7 'is completely enclosed by an outer predetermined breaking line 5'. In a central part of the predetermined breaking surface 7 'is an adhesive surface 8A provided with a bead of adhesive 21'. An adhesive bead 21 'is glued to the predetermined breaking surface with a lid. The predetermined breaking surface 7 'also has the shape of an oval with parallel sides and round end portions, and extends along a longitudinal direction 11'. The predetermined breaking surface 7 'has internal predetermined breaking lines 10'. The inner predetermined breaking lines 10 'are designed as a circle arc. Therefore, the inner predetermined breaking lines 10 'have a curvature 23. The inner predetermined breaking lines 10 'are separated at their ends 14' by a distance 24 'from the outer predetermined breaking line. In contrast to the carton 1, the carton 1 'on two Abreissbegrenzungen 29, which are arranged on the cover 3 (see FIG. 3). The Abreissbegrenzungen 29 arranged on the cover are arranged opposite the predetermined breaking surfaces 7 'and comprise the region 9, on which the lid 3 is glued to the dust flaps 15. The Abreissbegrenzungen 29 are designed as half-section and protect the lid in case of malfunction. When opening the carton, the lid may tear at the adhesive bead 21 '. In this case, the tear-off boundary 29 can prevent the crack from spreading. 5 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of a packaging according to the invention. 5 shows a folding box 1 "which is substantially identical to the folding box 1 of Fig. 1. In contrast to the folding box 1, the folding box 1" has the predetermined breaking surfaces 7 "at which the box body 2 is glued to the lid 3 , 6 shows a detailed view of the predetermined breaking surfaces 7 ", like the predetermined breaking surfaces 7 and 7 ', the predetermined breaking surface 7" is elongated and has a longitudinal direction 11 " comprises an adhesive surface 8 "with an adhesive bead 21" inside. The predetermined breaking surface 7 "is subdivided by an inner predetermined breaking line 10" into an end region 12 "and a main region 27. The inner predetermined breaking line 10" is connected at its ends 14 "to the outer predetermined breaking line 5". The end region 12 "is delimited by the inner predetermined breaking line 10" and a part of the outer predetermined breaking line 5 ".The part 30 of the outer fracture line 10" delimiting the end region 12 "has a continuous cut and the inner fracture line 10" is also designed as a half cut , The half-section extends from the opposite face of the dust flap 15 or the front wall 18. In the folding boxes 1 described in Figures 1 to 4; 1 ', the lid 3 is glued to the box body 2. When opening the folding boxes 1 for the first time; 1 'raises a consumer first the locking tab 16 in a center of a handle 28 at. The locking tab 16 lifts off from the front wall 18, so that the two predetermined breaking surfaces 7; 7 'left and right of the center of the handle 28 at their outer predetermined breaking lines 5; 5 'start to tear at the same time. The consumer raises the tab 16 in the middle and as a result tears an end portion 12; 12x first. The outer predetermined breaking line 5; 5 »then tears along the longitudinal axis 11; 11 'to the first inner predetermined breaking line 10, 10'. If the adhesive surface 8, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, only after the first inner predetermined breaking line 10; 10 'begins, the end region 12 remains; 12 'on the box body 2. In this case, first breaks the first predetermined breaking line 10; 10 '"and then the outer predetermined breaking line 5, 5". Similarly, then tear the other inner predetermined breaking lines 10 10 ". Optionally, the adhesive bead also after the fourth inner predetermined breaking line 10; 10 'be positioned. Then only the fourth inner predetermined breaking line 10 tears; 10 '. The four different inner predetermined breaking lines 10; 10 'thus form alternative starting points to the outer predetermined breaking line 5; 5 'at the end portion 12; 12 'for the tearing off of the predetermined breaking surface 7; 7 'and so can along the longitudinal axis 10, 10' inaccurately positioned adhesive bead 21; 21 'compensate. By the tearing of the predetermined breaking lines 10; 10 'remains at least a portion of the predetermined breaking surfaces 7; 7 'of the front side 18 when first opened on the cover 3, so that at the demolished predetermined breaking surfaces 7; 7 'can be quickly detected, whether the carton 1; 1 'has been opened. In the next step, the consumer lifts the lid plate 19 from the dust flaps 15. Since the consumer has continued to grip the closure flap 16, the end region 12 pointing in the direction of the front side 18 is in turn released; 12 'or one of the inner predetermined breaking lines 10; 10 'first and at least a portion of the predetermined breaking surface 7; 7 'remains visible on an inner side of the cover plate 19. The predetermined breaking surface 7; 7 'has a strong contrast in color to the inside of the cover plate 19, so that it can be quickly recognized on the cover plate 19 whether the tamper-evident was intact or not. In the folding box 1 described in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lid 3 is also glued to the box body 2. The first time the folding box 1 "is opened, a consumer first raises the locking tab 16 in a center of a handle 28. The locking tab 16 lifts off the front wall 18 so that the end portions 12" detach from the front wall at the same time. Since the end region 12 "delimiting part 30 of the outer predetermined breaking line 10" is cut through, the part 30 does not counteract an opening force. Upon further lifting of the closure flap 16, the inner break line 10 "begins to tear, since the inner break line 10" is formed as a half cut on the opposite side, the predetermined break area 7 "on the side of the glue face 8" is uninterrupted. In the further course of opening, the outer predetermined breaking line then tears along the longitudinal axis 11 "until the predetermined breaking surface 7" has completely detached from the front wall 18. In the next step, the consumer lifts the cover plate 19 from the dust flaps 15. Since the consumer has continued to grasp the closure flap 16, the end region 12 pointing in the direction of the front side 18 again lifts "first and tears the remainder of the predetermined break area 7" with it. The predetermined breaking surface 7 "remains visible on an inner side of the cover plate 19. The predetermined breaking surface 7" has a strong contrast in color to the inside of the cover plate 19 so that it can be quickly recognized even on the cover plate 19 whether the tamper-evident was intact or not. Since the predetermined breaking surfaces 7; 7 '; 7 "are not accessible from the outside, they are well protected against manipulation. Fig. 7 shows an outside of a carton, which can be placed to the carton 1 '. The carton has the bottom 26. On the four sides of the bottom 26 Gelenkfalze provided over the bottom 26 with the two side walls 17, the front wall 18 and the rear wall 22 is connected. The front wall 18 and the rear wall 22 each have two inner tabs 20 laterally. The inner plates 20 and the front and rear walls 18, 22 are connected via hinge folds. In the erected state (see Figs. 1,3 and 5), the inner plates 20 are glued to the side walls on the inside. On the side walls 17, the dust flaps 15 are connected via Gelenkfalze. The cardboard shown in FIG. 7 has four predetermined breaking surfaces 7 'shown in FIG. 4, two of which are provided on the front wall 18 and one on the dust flaps 15. Of course, the predetermined breaking surfaces 1 and 1 »from FIGS and 6 are provided. To the rear wall 22, the cover plate 19 is connected via a further Gelenkfalz. The cover plate 19 is glued to the regions 9 (on the inside, see FIGS. 1, 3 and 5) with the predetermined breaking surfaces 7 "on the dust flaps 15. The closure flap 16 extending from the cover plate 19 is glued to the front wall 18 on its inner side with the predetermined breaking surfaces 7A. On the locking tab 16, the handle 28 is provided, on which a consumer can rupture the glued and closed carton 1A.
权利要求:
Claims (12) [1] claims A package (1; Γ; 1 "), in particular a folding box, comprising: a box body (2) and a lid (3), in particular a hinged lid, which is movable between a closed position and an open position, the lid (3) protruding the first opening at at least one connection point (8; 8 ', 8 ") is firmly connected to the box body (2), in particular adhesively bonded, and wherein the connection point (8; 8', 8") is at least partially separated from an outer predetermined breaking line (FIG. 5; 5 '; 5 ") which delimits a predetermined breaking surface (7; 7'; 7") for opening the lid (3), characterized in that within the predetermined breaking surface (7; 7 '; 7 ") at least one inner predetermined breaking line (10; 10 '; 10 ") is arranged, which divides the predetermined breaking surface (7; 7'; 7") completely or partially. [2] 2. Packaging (1; 1 '; 1 ") according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one inner predetermined breaking line (10; 10'; 10"), preferably all inner predetermined breaking lines (10; 10 '; 10 "), is formed as a curvature (10; 16) are formed, preferably as an elliptical arc, particularly preferably as a circular arc. [3] 3. Packaging (1; 1 '; 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one inner predetermined breaking line, preferably all inner predetermined breaking lines (10; 10'; 10"), has an angle (13) has preferred the angle has an opening angle of 90 ° to 180 °, particularly preferably an opening angle of 130 ° to 140 °. [4] 4. Packaging (1; 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined breaking surface (7; 7'; 7 ") is elongated and has a longitudinal direction (11; 11 '; 11"). [5] 5. Packaging (1, 1 ', 1' ') according to claim 2 or 3 and claim 4, characterized in that the angle (13) or the curvature in the longitudinal direction (11, 11', 11 ") shows. [6] 6. Packaging (1; 1 ', 1' ') according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an internal predetermined breaking line in an end region (12) of the predetermined breaking surface (7; 7', 7 ") is provided and transversely, preferably orthogonally, extends to the longitudinal direction (11; 11 ', 11 "). [7] 7. Packaging (1; 1 ', 1' ') according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the longitudinal direction (11; 11'; 11 ") of the predetermined breaking surface (7; 7 '; 7") is oriented in such a way that when the lid (3) is opened for the first time, the outer predetermined breaking line (5; 5 '; 5 ") first tears at a first end region (12; 12'; 12") of the predetermined breaking surface along the longitudinal direction (11; 11 '; 11 ") can. [8] 8. Packaging (1; 1 '; 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance (14; 14'; 14 ") between the outer predetermined breaking line (5; 5 '; 5") and at least one end (14; 14 '; 14 "), preferably both ends, of an inner predetermined breaking line (10; 10'; 10") is provided. [9] 9. Packaging (1; 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner predetermined breaking line (10; 10'; 10 ") has at least one end, preferably both ends, with the outer predetermined breaking line (5 5 ', 5 ") is connected. [10] 10. Packaging (1, 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the packaging has at least two, preferably three or four, internal predetermined breaking lines (10, 10', 10 "). [11] 11. Packaging (1; 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner and / or outer predetermined breaking line (5; 5', 5 ", 10; 10 ', 10") is formed as a half section , [12] 12. Packaging (1; 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined breaking surface is arranged on the box body, preferably on dust flaps of the box body.
类似技术:
公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题 EP1985544B1|2009-10-28|Method and packaging for producing packaging in the form of a folding box EP1270441A1|2003-01-02|Blister package EP2481683A1|2012-08-01|Container holder made of foldable flat material EP2354020B1|2012-11-14|Box, in particular folding box EP2112078B1|2011-03-30|Folding box EP0265880A2|1988-05-04|Folding box EP2569220B1|2015-02-25|Folding-box insert, and folding box for a folding-box insert EP1431197B1|2006-11-02|Blank for a folding box WO1996025333A1|1996-08-22|Folding box with tamperproof closure WO2005000692A1|2005-01-06|Reclosable, cuboid, collapsible box comprising a lateral reclosable opening EP2090525A1|2009-08-19|Package for blister packaging and method for filling a package with blister packaging CH713564A2|2018-09-14|Packaging comprising a box body and a lid, wherein the lid is firmly connected to the box body at least at one connection point prior to initial opening. DE102007018772A1|2007-11-22|Foldable cigarette package for smoke product, has connecting units hinged on side at container along different hinges, where each unit has panel that is connected with container and another panel connected with another container DE3340798A1|1984-03-15|Packaging in the shape of a cardboard box EP1916192B1|2015-01-28|Square-shaped folding box with an opening cut DE102005001634A1|2006-07-20|Folding box made from foldable blank has bottom with four flaps connected to reinforced side walls, cover formed by two sealing flaps each with two sections interconnected by fold line, and sealing tab connected to second cover flap DE2335738C2|1982-10-28|Circular segment-shaped packaging box DE202011050182U1|2011-07-05|Folding box with inner flap DE10109201C2|2003-01-23|Cigarette pack or cardboard box DE202020104989U1|2020-10-06|Folding box blank and folding box EP1595800A1|2005-11-16|Foldable carton box with a base body DE202021000048U1|2021-01-29|Folding box DE202019103234U1|2020-09-08|Blank for the production of a packaging container and packaging container EP2724953B1|2018-07-04|Transport package with stable base EP0524319A1|1993-01-27|Pliable box and blank for producing the same
同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 CH713564B1|2021-01-15|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
法律状态:
优先权:
[返回顶部]
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 CH00305/17A|CH713564B1|2017-03-14|2017-03-14|Packaging with a box body and a lid, the lid being firmly connected to the box body at at least one connection point before it is opened for the first time.|CH00305/17A| CH713564B1|2017-03-14|2017-03-14|Packaging with a box body and a lid, the lid being firmly connected to the box body at at least one connection point before it is opened for the first time.| 相关专利
Sulfonates, polymers, resist compositions and patterning process
Washing machine
Washing machine
Device for fixture finishing and tension adjusting of membrane
Structure for Equipping Band in a Plane Cathode Ray Tube
Process for preparation of 7 alpha-carboxyl 9, 11-epoxy steroids and intermediates useful therein an
国家/地区
|