• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a layer designed to facilitate the collection of biological samples and to prevent leakage of secretions and faeces and, after sampling, to prolong its subsequent use for this purpose. The diaper consists of at least one absorbent excrement layer with holes and a separable absorbent layer.
    公开号:CH712928A2
    申请号:CH00429/17
    申请日:2017-03-30
    公开日:2018-03-29
    发明作者:Porvan Pavlo
    申请人:Palma Group S A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Technical Field [0001] The invention relates to light industry and relates to a layer for the selection of biological samples which can be used in the context of medical research and the diagnosis of human health, based on analysis discharging and / or emptying the human body.
    Description of the invention
    STATE OF THE ART Despite the wide range of diagnostic methods and diagnostic equipment, the available and easy-to-use tools for detecting unwanted changes in your body are still very popular. A variation of these tools are diagnostic layers which are very recently in use, and therefore are constantly being improved to achieve more versatility and functionality.
    Biological samples should be considered necessary to analyze the quantity of selected products of vital functions such as urine, stool and all other secretions from the field covered with layers, for example due to inflammation, d 'bleeding, secretion, etc.
    A variant to reduce discomfort and increase the ease of sampling for analysis have become hygiene products such as layers fitted with analysis tools, such as fillers or inserts which can change the color and / or intensity of the reaction of the person's liquid components or excrement. These research methods should obviously not completely replace research and analysis in specialized laboratories, but they can be very useful in detecting alterations in the body, especially outside specialized medical establishments. With these diagnostic and hygiene products, we can detect bilirubin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, the presence of nitrites, ketones, proteins, urobilinogen, heavy metals such as lead, mercury, to diagnose virus, measure pH, etc. Relative ease of use can be widely used for patient signal diagnosis without proper professional specialization and relatively low cost of effort and resources.
    The basic structure of the layers is the location of the indicators or the stretching of the respective indicator substances on or in the middle of the layer so that they directly or by dispersion of the moisture make contact with the body fluids and / or secretions. This performance is achieved by gluing the indicator strips on the outer layer, for the execution of a part with the surface of nonwoven materials, the application by spraying of reagents of layer components, the introduction of these onto the absorbent filler composition.
    An example of known analogues is described in the publication of patent application WO 2,007,073,139 on June 28, 2007. The layer described includes a plurality of urine indicators and stools which are attached to the absorbent interior substrates and which are used to identify proteins and fats and allow virus testing by comparing the color of various indicators. Said layer is used to detect substances whose content studied in the stool (selection) exceeds the normal limit set.
    With the publication in the American patent application 1) 320,020,067,275 A1 of 06/06/2002, the known layer, the inner layer of which comprises a strip for measuring the pH. With the contact of the bands with the urine by the color change of the bands we can determine the acidity of the urine, thus identifying the infectious processes, including the early stages of development.
    In the description of patent 1) 35,468,236 A of November 21, 1995, a disposable absorbent product is described which may be a diaper, feminine hygiene, sheets, surgical gowns, etc., comprising the use of several layers of chemically active substances which can change color when in contact with faeces. These substances can be found wherever disposable absorbent products where it is possible to have contact with feces. In the example illustrated, chemically active substances can be applied by spraying, printing, coating, placing inserts which can be fixed by sliding glue, ultrasonic welding, etc. These reactive compounds can be located on a certain part or dispersed throughout the product.
    Disadvantages All of these layers have significant disadvantages, the main of which is their low flexibility. In most cases, the layers mentioned above, for example, the product according to US 20,020,067,275 equipped with an indicator (s) capable of measuring one or more key indicators, which may not be sufficient to obtain a complete picture of the interviewee and cause a need for further diapers or perform analyzes in the traditional way. However, layers with a wide range of indicators such as, for example, described in WO 2 007 073 139 A and US 1 135 468 236 A significantly increase their value. Furthermore, not all parameters are measured with the same frequency, but diluting these measurements in the case of layers with a large set of indicators is impossible, since these indicators are used without measurement. Besides the large number of indicators of various chemicals in the layer
    CH 712 928 A2 is the need to rationalize their conformity with a specific product in order to prevent their interaction which could lead to a complete inability of the reagents or the distortion of research results. Unlike diapers, which have a fairly long shelf life, chemical indicators generally have a limited shelf life and require specific storage conditions, reducing the shelf life of products for measurement and making it less attractive to retailers. Note that the presence of various chemical indicators in the composition layer increases the risk of skin irritations and allergic reactions, particularly unacceptable for young children.
    The closest analog to the proposed model is a layer adjustment for the selection of biological samples, described in patent invention RU No 250 096 C2 of 20.04.2005. According to an alternative embodiment of this closest analogue, it is said to contain a moisture absorption base, a hole for the passage of stool and an additional separate absorbent layer. The layer described allows for separate selection of urine and faeces using separate absorbent layers. Its major drawback is the need to eliminate a large part of the stool when applying the product in order to reduce the risk of discomfort for the user and, consequently, the product has a structure which is too bulky and complex. The various layers of separate layers are located in it and provide a system of additional layers and a certain order of their location. During filling, the separated layers are manually removed from the layer by a special niche, which is also a major failure given the hygienic aspect of this procedure.
    All of the above eliminates the main advantages of the known diaper techniques by which they gained popularity and have become an integral part of childcare and functionally handicapped, namely relative affordability, ease of use, removal speed, hygiene, recycling of diapers, etc.
    Technical problem The basis of the model is to create a layer which will allow rapid and efficient sampling, its use is not limited to a certain type of indicator substances and the construction structure will provide simple, practical and efficient use .
    Solution The problem is solved by creating a layer suitable for sampling, comprising that of absorbing the excrement and / or the allocation framework and the discharge absorption element. Thus, according to the model, by absorbing the excrement on the layers, at least one dimension of through hole sufficient for the transmission of urine and / or the discharge beyond the absorbent, their base layer must be produced and the hermetically sealed seal to the outside with a component for sampling which consists of separate, absorbent, impermeable and retaining layers.
    The retaining layer of the sampling element is made to ensure a tight connection with the outside of the layer absorbing layer for analysis purposes. The support layer of the sampling element has an adhesive internal surface to allow a tight connection with the external side of the layer after separation of the absorbent layer for analytical purposes. The absorbent, water-resistant and retaining layers of the sampling element are produced in the form of strips. At least one through hole closed by the sampling element is located at the bottom of the layer. In the base of the absorbent layer, it is necessary to provide more than one hole, preferably 3-4 holes with dimensions sufficient for the transmission of stools and / or discharges beyond the absorption bases and these holes are hermetically sealed by a sampling element. The layer further comprises at least one sampling element which hermetically closes at least one hole made in the bases of the absorbent layer of excrement of the layer having a size sufficient for the transmission of stool and / or discharge to the outside of their absorbent base of the diaper.
    Advantages The essence of the proposed model is that, from the layers, by performing its basic function, without its removal, it is possible to make a selection of biological samples using the sampling element. Separable layer consisting of a sampling element used for the analysis of the biological material absorbed by it and which can be analyzed by any measure necessary for a particular case or by any parameter appropriate to this method. The most likely way for this case is the analysis using indicator strips. This method is the most simple and intuitive, does not require specialized training, provides adequate and rapid results.
    Thus, the layer is designed to facilitate the selection process of biological samples and to prevent leakage or secretions and faeces and, after sampling, to extend its subsequent use for the direct purpose. The contact of secretions and faeces or of the sampling element with the holes is imposed by means of perforations which occur in predictable places of excrement and / or spillage. It is also possible to carry out multiple sampling sites where it is necessary to carry out a large number of searches or for the possibility of using another absorbent layer of sampling element as a control sample for additional tests. of the analysis.
    CH 712 928 A2 The preferred but not compulsory option is the variant of injections and mixing of the sampling element at the bottom of the layer, because the humidity of the stools and / or of the discharge is uniformly distributed over the entire volume of the absorbent layer and the perforation on the back, but will reduce the adjustment of interests in pediatric patients. The size of the holes must be sufficient for a slight leakage of stool and / or discharge outside the diaper and is made taking into account that the absorbent layer of the diaper during filling can be expanded and block the holes. At the same time, the holes should not be too large to reduce the possibility of direct contact of the absorbent layer separated from the sampling element with the body. Too large a hole size is also undesirable due to possible discomfort during removal of the separated absorbent layer and additional sealing of the hole with a waterproof and element retaining layer sampling. For each type of layer, the optimal size of the holes is determined individually, depending on the properties used for its manufacture, the materials and the number of layers of the layer are usually in the range of 1 to 4 mm. The use of a water-resistant layer and adhesive makes it possible to reliably retain the layer leakage during filling of the separated discharge absorption layer and to continue to maintain the emptying and / or the selection after disconnecting the absorbent layer. For a water-resistant layer, a conventional polymer film can be used, and for the retaining layer, a woven material is used to make a medical coating or a polymer material coated with an adhesive substance. In this case, a widely used constructive method for sealing packages of wet wipes that allows access to multiple internal contents of the package and saves enough seal during the applied period of use.
    The advantage of the proposed model: I use the claimed design of the diaper, allows the user to choose the manner and means of diagnosis of the human body of its stool and / or its secretions. At the same time, the researcher receives major advantages inherent in the methods of using diagnostic layers, including a lack of necessary monitoring of the drain point. When using the proposed layer, the user can select the number of samples required for analysis while respecting the relative cleanliness and hygiene, the capacity to store the layers and the diagnostic means in certain places, according to different storage requirements of the layers and diagnostic means. With the use of all the benefits of diapers, it is possible to use a larger diagnostic set than that offered by traditional diagnostic diaper manufacturers, eliminating the risk of irritant or allergic reactions with the possible contact of tools diagnostic with body parts the amount of possible measurements is not limited only by the amount of material that one can receive.
    The essence of the model is shown in the drawings.
    The drawings
    Fig. 1 the appearance of the layer made with a partial section of the sampling element.
    Fig. 2 the image which shows the sampling process using the layer, depending on the model
    Fig. 3 the image which shows the process of analysis of biological samples collected by means of layers, according to the model.
    Fig. 1 shows the appearance of layer 1. In the defined case, the element which provides a selection of biological sample is placed on the rear bottom of the layer. Its dimensions are not regulated and are determined on the basis of the necessary and sufficient quantity of biological material to be analyzed. Typically, the length of the absorption band of 0.5 cm is sufficient to test an indicator pillow, as shown in Fig. 3 and obtain correct research results. For each case and type of layer and also the volume of studies to be carried out, one can choose the area of the absorption absorption layer which depends on the total surface of the sampling element according to the situation. For children's diapers the sizes may be a little less clear due to the size of the diaper and all the material products. For adult diapers the length of the belt can vary within a wider range, depending on the tasks and the need. Given the fact that in most cases there is a feasibility analysis on several indicators, a removable absorption of size 5x2 cm is sufficient to obtain a sufficient quantity of material for research.
    Fig. 1 shows preferential location holes 2 for the passage of biological samples outside the layer. Their optimal number is 3-4. The size of the holes designed primarily to transmit urine or stool moisture can be slightly enlarged to allow passage of feces which can be partially stuck to the absorbent layer and can then be used for analysis by tools. or directed to laboratory research. The holes avoided in this case are not likely to cause a flow of urine after removing the absorbent layer 3 because the excess liquid is retained in the holes or around them and is absorbed slowly by the primary absorbent layer of the layer. A separate absorbent layer 3 is imposed within the limits of the holes. The main requirement for the separate absorbent layer 3 - the rapid cleaning of sufficient liquid. The material of absorbent layer 3 must be chemically inert towards the components of urine and possible unconventional components, the appearance of which is caused by changes in the body. For the most part,
    CH 712 928 A2 ordinary cotton is suitable for a specific use. The separate absorbent layer 3 can be made in the form of a strip of nonwoven, fabric, whichever is best in the particular case of the properties of the strip. To eliminate the further spread of moisture from the separated absorbent layer, a water-resistant layer 4 should be applied to it. This layer is made of any medically acceptable material, to which the water-resistant properties are inherent. The separated absorbent layer 3, the water-resistant layer 4 are placed in this order on the outside of the layer opposite the holes 2 and are fixed to the latter by gluing the retaining layer 5 preferably using a adhesive tape whose dimensions are larger than the previous layers. Due to this arrangement, the waterproof layer 4 seems to be stuck completely to the adhesive tape 5 and because the adhesive strips are larger than the previous layers, it has formed a waterproof connection outside the bases of the layer. and the waterproof bag in which an absorbent layer 3 is placed and after filling can be removed from the bag without any problem as shown, for example, in FIG. 2. the adhesive tape 5 consists of a sticky coating which can retain its adhesive properties after opening the pockets and removing the separated absorbent layer 3. Consequently, the holes 2, which retain their property of passing stools, will be blocked in pressing them with a waterproof tape 4 with adhesive tape 5. Over time, the holes in the diaper will be blocked due to swelling of the absorbent material of the absorption base thereby minimizing the risk of treatment and / or discharge to the outside when the layer is filled. This feature allows the layer resource to be used inappropriately after the necessary biological sample has been selected. The layer is thus used as follows.
    The wanted person in the recommended time for collecting biological samples should wear a diaper made according to the utility model. With a certain frequency the layer or the element of selection must be checked on the fact of receiving biological samples. In the most popular case a selection of biological tests on urine, stool moisture or directly on faeces, observation requires the immediate opening of the sampling element because emptying into a sufficient quantity for sampling can be determined on visual analysis of the layer by touch, smell.
    If it is necessary to look for other secretions caused by inflammation, secretion or blood discharge from the body, periodic observation of the filling of the separated absorbent layer may be necessary if the stools are not as intense as those caused by natural needs. After the decision to fill the separated absorbent layer sufficient for the study of the amount of the material, the upper adhesive layer is partially separated by hand from the surface of the outer layer of the layer until the space thus formed allows to remove absorbents separated from a layer of his pocket. This layer with all the rules of research must be removed using specialized tools such as pliers, hook or manually using disposable gloves or other suitable method for this which will provide the required purity. After selection of the biological samples, this can be studied by any known technical method. Due to the use of the current diaper at home as a simple tool for this purpose, the diagnostic procedure is applied using the kits for the break test strips or specific test reagents. It is possible to use a standardized plate and a set of indicators. The order of studies can be more intuitive based on the image shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. An absorbent layer after separation of the layer is applied alternately to the pads located on the tablet. Each pad can be used with a new absorption band to minimize a search error. The body condition must be determined by color change indicators and standard colors attached to the instructions for use. Based on the results of the analysis, a decision should be made on whether additional measures for treatment or prevention or the possibility of returning to a normal healthy lifestyle should be taken.
    Embodiments of the Invention 1. For the research, a diaper of the largest child size was chosen, labeled by the manufacturers with users 16 + kg. In the lower part, perforations were made in 3 for which an acute rod 2 mm in diameter was used. Opposite the holes on the outside of the layer, a cotton strip with a thickness of around 3 mm was imposed, from the top of which a layer of plastic was placed and a laminated structure was fixed. to the diaper using a medical patch larger than the size of the previous diaper. To investigate the practical life of the product, a whole single urine sample of the individual weighing approximately 16 kg was chosen on standard procedures in a specialized container. The sample volume selected was approximately 100 ml. A few selected samples were placed in the pipette, which dropped the urine to the test strip designed to determine the pH. The rest of the urine is poured completely into the diaper made according to this utility model. By disconnecting the upper layer of plaster observations on the seepage of urine infiltration was made.
    When checked in 1 minute by visual and tactile characteristics, it was determined that the urine leaked to the absorbent layer separated through the main layers of the layer. This layer was separated from the layer formed by the space between the upper adhesive layer and the separated absorbent layer was removed by hand and applied to pH test strips, similar to those with which the test was carried out. by pipetting. The moisture absorbed by the strip was sufficient to change the color of the test strip applied to the absorption strips and the test strips relative to each other.
    CH 712 928 A2 The comparison of the results of the tests carried out by drip directly on the test strip and using samples taken by means of layers showed similar results, which confirmed the relevance of the Utility model proposed for the selection of biological samples and the ability to use them for diagnostic purposes. The practical use of the diaper design directly on the child has proven its reliability with regard to leaks, the filling process and after removal of the absorption strips from the pouch holding it. The baby has not shown any implications as to the inconvenience or discomfort of wearing such a diaper. Thus, it was fully confirmed by the practical relevance of the proposed layer for selecting biological samples while preserving their basic preferences.
    The proposed model is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and can be used in other specific forms without losing the overall trends and essential attributes. Therefore, the described embodiment should be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not as limiting the quantity of the utility model. Any changes proposed as equivalent in the formula should be considered to be included in the formula.
    2. Laboratory studies were also carried out to check the performance capacity of the layers under laboratory conditions. The diapers and test strips with sensitive areas were used for the use of colorimetric analysis to determine glucose, pH, ketone bodies. The analysis results obtained using the layers were compared with those obtained with the traditional laboratory study. Tests were performed at an interval of 4 hours. The results of the diaper studies were 100% laboratory results. Layers can be used to determine glucose, pH, ketones in the urine.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    claims
    1. A layer for the selection of biological samples consisting of at least one layer of absorbing excrement and / or allocating the frame and a separate absorbent layer is characterized by a hole / location which is in the absorbent layer and which causes the passage of stools and / or the spillage beyond the absorbent layer and must be carried out outside and sealed with a sampling element, which consists of a separate absorbent layer, waterproof and restrained.
    [2]
    2. A layer differs in that the layer containing the sampling element must be reconfigured to ensure a tight connection with the outer part of the layer after separation of the absorbent layer for analytical purposes.
    [3]
    3. The layer differs in that the retaining layer has an adhesive internal surface to allow the waterproof connection to be made with the external part of the layer after separation from the absorbent layer for analysis purposes.
    [4]
    4. The layer differs in that the absorption, sealing and retaining layers contain a sampling element in the form of bands.
    [5]
    5. The layer differs in that at least one closed through hole with a sampling element is located at the bottom of the layer.
    [6]
    6. The layer differs in the fact that in the base of the layer which absorbs the excrement with more holes than is preferably made 3-4 holes with sufficient dimensions to pass the stool and / or discharge beyond the absorbent base, while these holes are hermetically sealed by at least one sampling element.
    [7]
    7. The layer differs in that it further comprises at least one sampling element which hermetically closes at least one hole made additionally in the absorption base of the layer, which has a size sufficient to pass the stool and / or discharge to the outside of the absorbent layer.
    CH 712 928 A2
    CH 712 928 A2
    CH 712 928 A2
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH712928B1|2020-03-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00429/17A|CH712928B1|2017-03-30|2017-03-30|Layer for the selection of biological samples.|CH00429/17A| CH712928B1|2017-03-30|2017-03-30|Layer for the selection of biological samples.|
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