• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a dressing tool for dressing of single or multi-start grinding worms for hard fine machining of toothed workpieces, in particular with spur gear teeth, in a continuous Wälzschleifverfahren. The dressing tool (10) comprises at least two dressing areas (17, 18) with differently sized dressing allowances. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for dressing grinding tools with a dressing tool.
    公开号:CH712919A2
    申请号:CH01126/17
    申请日:2017-09-11
    公开日:2018-03-15
    发明作者:Thoma Markus
    申请人:Liebherr Verzahntech Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a dressing tool for dressing single- and multi-start grinding worms for hard fine machining of toothed workpieces, in particular with spur gear teeth, in a continuous generating grinding process. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for dressing grinding tools with a dressing tool.
    Predominantly today, the dressing of grinding worms with disc-shaped dressing tools takes place in which the dresser edge represents a negative image of the desired profile shape on the grinding worm. The dressing tool is when dressing the grinding tool usually over the entire tooth height of the grinding worm, one or two-sided, in engagement and will rotate while both tools, parallel to the axis of the grinding tool. As a result, the profile of the dressing tool is transferred directly to the grinding worm. As a rule, several passes (dressing strokes) take place during dressing of the grinding tool in order to remove the entire amount of dressing on the grinding tool or to remove chips from the preceding grinding processes from the chip space. For multi-start grinding tools, this dressing process must be carried out separately for each tool pass.
    From DE 3 134 147 a method for dressing a single or multi-start, worm or thread-shaped grinding wheel by a single or multi-start, worm or thread-shaped dressing tool is known. During rotation of the two screws, the dressing tool is brought into meshing engagement with the grinding wheel. By a targeted, adapted to the radial supply and return movements, additional axial relative movement between the tool and the grinding wheel, the engagement points are moved so that the intended screw profile is generated on the disc. Since the total area of the momentary engagement points is substantially smaller than the total profile surface of the grinding wheel, the cutting forces that occur are relatively small, so that high dressing speeds can be achieved. In the following it is described to apply targeted flank corrections to the grinding worm. One could therefore call this method as multi-pass line dressing. However, the flexibility is clearly at the expense of the dressing speed, even if several points of intervention are used at the same time. A disadvantage of this method is that this is only conditionally suitable for mass production with large batch sizes, since the dressing times in the known method between the grinding cycles are too long. Furthermore, there are certain limitations in the known corrections, since several points of engagement on multiple flanks are simultaneously engaged, so that it can come to certain corrections at one point of intervention to unwanted corrections at another point of the grinding worm.
    Tools of similar design, there are also called so-called solid profile rollers, in which at the same time each 3 to 5 adjacent courses of Schleifschneckengesamtprofiles be dressed. These align the grinding worm much faster.
    The dressings act in both versions together on all of the currently machined worm threads. This is an advantage in high-volume production because it allows low dressing times to be achieved even with multi-start grinding tools. The disadvantage of this is the lack of flexibility in terms of corrections in which the dressing tool is moved relative to the grinding worm. These changes have an even effect on all gears, but can also cause certain movements due to unwanted collisions with neighboring gears due to the tool width, can no longer be performed.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to improve a device of the type mentioned above so that in multi-speed grinding worms a short dressing time can be achieved, but at the same time corrections, such as profile corrections can be generated on the flanks of the grinding worm.
    This object is achieved by a dressing tool with the features of claim 1 and with a method according to claim 7. Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
    The invention makes the finding to own that at a multi-speed grinding worm with a dressing tool simultaneously several courses can be trained. The prerequisite for this is that the number of revolutions of the dresser matches the number of flights.
    It is a dressing tool for dressing single- and multi-speed grinding worms for hard fine machining of toothed workpieces, in particular with spur gears, proposed in the continuous Wälzschleifverfahren. According to the invention, the dressing tool is characterized in that it comprises at least two dressing areas with different sizes of dressing. Such a dressing allowance is provided for the removal of different amounts of grinding worm material in a dressing cycle.
    In this dressing tool at least one dressing wheel (Feinabrichtscheibe) is designed for one, deviating from the remaining discs dressing amount, so that all screw threads are machined in a first dressing stroke simultaneously and then in the following further steps all the screw again separately only with the finishing wheel can be finished dressable, while if necessary, these courses can then be corrected by the fine dressing wheel then also. In the fine dressing step, depending on the correction requirements, the grinding worm can be dressed to a 1-flank or 2-flank. In the case of single-flank dressing, the number of necessary fine dressing strokes doubles. Furthermore, during fine dressing, the fine dressing wheel per dressing stroke only over a portion of the
    Schneckenenzahnhöhe be brought into engagement, thereby opening up even more correction options, in which case, however, if necessary, additional additional Abrichthübe required.
    In one embodiment, the dressing tool comprises at least two individual dressing areas, wherein at least two of the dressing areas differ by a different size Abrichtaufmass and the dressing tool preferably has at least one roughing area and a Feinabrichtbereich.
    In one embodiment, the dressing tool according to the number of threads, the machined multi-speed grinding worm is modularly assembled. This comprises at least one fine dressing wheel and at least one roughing wheel. The roughing dressing area is preferably divisible in each case one roughing disc per screw flight.
    This offers the advantage that, by means of the modular structure, it is also possible to configure the dressing tool specifically for the grinding worm to be processed therewith. Thus, a fine dressing wheel can be equipped with several Schruppabrichtscheiben, wherein the total number of Schruppabrichtscheiben preferably corresponds to the number of flights of the grinding worm. But it is also possible to work with less Schruppabrichtscheiben, then preferably the ratio of the worm gear number should correspond to an integer multiple of Schruppabrichterscheibenzahl, for example, in 2 Schruppabrichtscheiben a 4-speed grinding worm. In principle, however, an odd ratio is possible, such. a 3-stage roughing tool plus a fine dressing wheel with a 2-speed grinding worm. In this case the 3rd gear is roughed while the 1st gear is fine tuned. A reverse relationship would be possible, then in a majority of the process steps, the surplus Schruppabrichtscheiben would not be engaged, but it would have to be purchased no special dressing tool for such cases. In the case of a modular tool, one would probably disassemble the surplus roughing wheel.
    In a further embodiment, the dressing tool is exchangeable independently of each other by means of the modular construction of individual tools. Alternatively or additionally, the dressing tool for processing different workpieces can be assembled differently.
    Such a modular construction of the dressing tool offers the advantage that the roughing and the fine dressing area are independently interchangeable or interchangeable. Thus, for example, the fine dressing wheel, which is decisive for the processing quality, can be changed even before the dressing wheels in the roughing area. The roughing area can be used much longer, even if it is no longer completely tolerant. Furthermore, it is possible to use a set of roughing wheels with different finishing wheels to save costs for the dressing tools. In another embodiment, more than one finishing wheel can be integrated into the dresser.
    In a further embodiment, the dressing areas are distinguishable with regard to the physical properties. Alternatively or additionally, these areas are in terms of occupancy or the assembly of abrasive material. differently. Alternatively or additionally, the dressing areas are distinguishable with respect to their geometric shape.
    This offers the advantage that by means of the modular structure, the dressing wheels can be treated differently during manufacture. Thus, the dressing wheels can be produced with different dressing allowance. Furthermore, it is possible to provide the dressing wheels with abrasive material in the form of a hard material, which may differ in its physical properties, such as, for example, the grain size, bonding materials or type of hard material. The hard material may preferably be diamond materials, although this may differ in terms of shape, size and production method.
    The roughing area can be coated with a coarse-grained hard material to simultaneously remove as much material from the grinding worm, while the fine dressing range is optimized by fine-grained hard material on the surface quality.
    The geometric distribution of the abrasive material over the Abrichtscheibenoberfläche may be different in terms of its density or size. Particularly stressed areas, such as, for example, the head areas of the dressing wheels, can additionally be reinforced by massive hard material pins, such as, for example, monocrystalline or polycrystalline diamond inserts.
    The modular design also offers the possibility to build the dressing wheels differently. In most cases, the dressing wheels are arranged in such a way that they can machine one or both sides of a worm gear gap. But it would also be a two-part dressing roller conceivable (also referred to in the further course as a dressing wheel) which can edit a worm tooth on its right and left flank one or two sides. It is advantageous here that the tooth head of the grinding worm can additionally be dressed with this dressing tool.
    In one embodiment, the dressing tool, preferably the fine dressing tool is dressable. Additionally or alternatively, the fine dressing tool is modifiable. Thus adaptable to the teeth to be machined.
    There may be modifications or modifications to the Feinabrichtwerkzeugprofil before the actual dressing processing, whereby the dressing tool would be even more universally replaceable. This correction of the dressing tool could also be done in the grinding machine by, for example, instead of the grinding worm, first another dressing tool is clamped in the grinding worm holder. In this case, the same machine axes could be used as they are also used when dressing the grinding worm.
    According to the invention, a method for dressing grinding tools with a dressing tool according to one of claims 1 to 6 is used. This method is characterized by the fact that, in a first process step, as many screw threads can be dressed simultaneously as the dressing tool has dressing disks. A first grinding worm gear can be dressed with a fine dressing tool and the other grinding worm gears can be dressed with roughing tools. In the further following process steps, the previously only roughing grinding worm gears are each individually Feinabgerichtet.
    In this method, in a first process step, as many screw threads are dressed simultaneously as the dressing tool has dressing disks. At the same time, a first grinding worm gear is dressed by the fine dressing tool at the same time as the tooth width dimension provided in this process step. In the other, parallel, grinding worm gears, only the roughing allowance is removed.
    By dividing the dressing tool in a roughing and a Feinabrichtbereich, preferably a finishing area, it is possible in a first dressing cycle to remove the entire Abrichtaufmaß or get along with significantly less Abrichthüben as previously required by the prior art order Do not overload the dressing tool or the grinding tool. Because of the division into the two regions, they can optimally be used for the respective dressing task, such as, for example. high removal rate in the roughing area and good surface quality in the finishing area.
    In the further following dressing steps, the remaining screw threads are now also brought with the fine dressing on the intended Zahnweitenmass. The number of dressing passages depends essentially on the number of flights of the grinding worm, the number of dressing wheels and the number of abraded grinding worm areas, one-sided, two-sided or only partial areas of the worm profile.
    In one embodiment of the method, the grinding tool is dressed in a first process step with a Re-stabrichtaufmass and abgesachet each screw in the following process steps separately on a Feinabrichtaufmass. The number of process steps depends on the number of dressing wheels on a dressing tool.
    In the first dressing process step still remains a Restabrichtaufmass in the first grinding worm gear which is dressed by the fine dressing wheel. The next dressing step now begins so that the first grinding worm gear is once again dressed with the fine dressing wheel on the intended Zahnweitenmass before the remaining grinding worm gears are processed to this extent. This offers the advantage that the dressing conditions in all grinding worm threads are identical due to comparable process parameters during fine dressing. The number of Abrichthübe is comparable to the first procedure only here in addition to the first flight is also trained again.
    In a further embodiment of the method, the grinding worm threads are preferably correctable by axis movements of the dressing tool relative to the grinding worm during fine dressing. Preferably, movements of the C5 axis are performed. Additionally or alternatively, movements of the V1 axis are performed.
    The division into a roughing and a fine dressing process also offers the advantage that corrections can be applied to the grinding worm with the individual fine dressing wheel during dressing corrections by axis movements. Thus tolerance deviations occurring in the gear manufacturing process can be corrected more easily than would be possible with a solid profile roller. For a full profile roller, this role would have to be reworked, which is time-consuming.
    The design of the dresser, in particular the Schruppaufmass reduced compared to the Fertigabrichtaufmass allows for fine dressing corrections to the grinding worm without the neighboring gears would be affected. So it is possible to make the feed rates of the dresser in the axial direction of the tool over the tool width differently. Also pivoting movements of the dressing tool about its vertical axis (C5 axis) are possible without affecting the same adjacent grinding worm gears with. Thus, additional profile corrections can be generated on the grinding worm, which were not taken into account when designing the dressing tool so or could.
    In a further embodiment of the method, the feed movement of the grinding worm is variable to correct pitch error of the dressing tool during roughing or fine dressing. The division into a multi-pass roughing area and a preferably single-pass fine dressing area offers the advantage over full-profile rolls that pitch errors which have occurred during tool production can be compensated by the machine control, in which the movement of the shift axis is superimposed by a corresponding correction function or correction movement during fine dressing of the grinding worm , Thus, the pitch accuracy of the grinding worm, compared to snails trained with solid profile rollers, can be improved. Alternatively, the pressure angle of the grinding worm can be corrected via a variation of the feed movement. First, during roughing, a profile error is generated between the individual grinding worm threads, which, however, can be corrected accordingly if necessary during further fine dressing.
    By roughing more grinding worm material can be removed from the flanks of the grinding worm at a time than would be possible with a pure solid profile roller for fine dressing. Thus, overall, the number of dressing passages to make the grinding worm sharp and tolerant can be reduced. The dressing process according to the invention can thus be performed faster than a dressing process with a solid profile roll.
    Further advantages and features of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to several drawings. Show it:
    1 shows the structure of a gear grinding machine according to the prior art in a schematic representation with their machine axes,
    2 shows a sectional view through a dressing tool according to the invention,
    3 shows a sectional view through an alternative embodiment of the dressing tool according to the invention,
    4 shows a sectional view through an inventive dressing tool with a grinding tool in a dressing, and
    5 shows a sectional view through a dressing tool according to the invention with a grinding tool in a dressing processing, during dressing of another grinding worm thread.
    On the basis of the schematic representation in Fig. 1, the structure of a gear grinding machine (30) can be explained, as it can be used for the use of the inventive method. On a machine bed (31), the assemblies machine stand (35), backrest (36) and machine table (34) are arranged. The machine stand (35) can move linearly along the X1 direction in the direction of the machine table (34). On the machine stand (35), a machining head (33) is mounted with the degrees of freedom A1, V1 and Z1, wherein a pivoting movement of the machining head (33) takes place about the A1 axis. The machining head (33) with the grinding tool (20) accommodated in the B1 axis is moved parallel to the workpiece axis (C2) during workpiece machining via the Z1 axis. By means of machine movements along the X1 and Z1 axes, in this exemplary embodiment the grinding tool (20) can be moved toward the dressing tool (10) so that the dressing process can then take place there. The dressing tool (10) is accommodated in the dresser receptacle (32) and, during the dressing process, rotates in a roller-coupled manner with the grinding tool (20) about the axis B3. For correction movements e.g. of the pressure angle on the grinding tool (20), the dresser can be pivoted about the C5 axis. The movement of the grinding tool (20) in the V1 direction provides the relative movement between grinding worm (20) and dressing tool (10), wherein the moving speed by the pitch height of the worm and whose speed is set, which synchronizes with the movement of the dressing tool (10) must become.
    FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a dressing tool (10) according to the invention with two dressing areas in an example embodiment for 3 screw flights. The ranges are different in that the fine dressing (FA) area (finishing) has a slightly larger tooth thickness than the area for gears 1-3 for rough dressing (roughing). The difference between the areas is shown in FIG. 2 by means of the lines (17) roughing and (18) fine dressing. Due to the greater tooth thickness in the first dressing cycle, the fine dressing area additionally absorbs further screw material from a screw thread of the grinding tool in order to further fine-tune this course. In this case, the dressing tool can be engaged with the grinding tool on one or both sides with the right (15) and / or left flank (16). The tooth head (12) of the dressing tool (10) additionally aligns the tooth root (13) of the grinding worm with. The tooth root (13) on the dressing tool is often not used because the tooth head (12) on the grinding tool is partially dressed separately with special Kopfabrichtwerkzeuge. The position (11) indicates a possible inclusion of the dressing tool out of the hole. The arrow on the tool axis represents a preferred tool movement direction during dressing, in which the tool can be moved.
    The tool can also be constructed modularly from individual dressing wheels (14), as indicated by the dividing lines (19) between the individual areas.
    Fig. 3 shows a dressing tool with an alternative embodiment for the Feinabrichtwerkzeug. In this embodiment, at the same time the right (15) and left (16) flank of a worm tooth is dressed in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1 in which the right (15) and left (16) edge of a worm gear are dressed.
    In the sectional view in Fig. 4, the details of the inventive dressing process are shown. The 4-pass (1, 2, 3, FA) dressing tool (10) engages a 3-speed (a, b, c) grinding tool (20) and moves in the direction of the arrow (40) parallel to the axis of the grinding tool (20). In this case, in a first dressing cycle, both the dressing allowance AA in all grinding worm threads and allowance AB are removed in at least one grinding worm thread, in which case the allowance AA is preferably considerably larger than the allowance AB. The grinding worm flanks (15, 16) which are processed by the respective dressing areas (17, 18) are indicated by the dotted lines
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    recognizable. The screw flanks (15; 16) are already finished in the area (23), while the area (22) has hitherto been dressed with the roughing discs. The flanks (15; 16) in the region (21) have not yet been dressed. For the following dressing cycle, the dressing tool (10) either further in the X1 direction on the grinding tool (20) are delivered or the center distance remains the same for the final dressing. As shown in FIG. 5, in this exemplary embodiment, the tool is moved once parallel to the grinding tool (20) and displaced by a helical thread into engagement again, thus directing a further movement of the grinding tool (20). In this dressing process, in this example, only the fine dressing area (18) is brought into contact with the grinding tool (20) and thus the fine grain is fine-dressed for the subsequent processing only in this area (23). It can also be seen that the first flight is already fine-tuned. This process is repeated until all screw flights have been dressed. The number of dressing areas (17, 18) corresponds in a first exemplary embodiment to the number of passages of the grinding tool (20). In a further embodiment, the number of gears of the grinding tool (20) can also correspond to a, preferably integer, multiple of the dressing area (17, 18). claims
    1. Dressing tool for dressing single or multiple-speed grinding worms for hard fine machining of toothed workpieces, in particular Stirnradverzahnungen, in continuous Wälzschleifverfahren, characterized in that the dressing tool (10) at least two dressing areas (17, 18) with different sizes Ab-richtaufmass (AA , AB), which are provided for the removal of different amounts of grinding worm material in a dressing cycle.
    [2]
    2. Dressing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the dressing tool (10) at least two individual dressing areas (17, 18), wherein at least two of the dressing areas (17, 18) differ by a different size Abrichtaufmass (AA, AB) and the dressing tool (10) preferably has at least one roughing (17) and at least one fine dressing area (18).
    [3]
    3. dressing tool according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the dressing tool (10) according to the number of threads (a, b, c, d), the multi-start grinding worm to be machined modular, comprising at least one fine dressing wheel and at least one Schruppabrichtscheibe.
    [4]
    4. Dressing tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dressing tool (10) by means of the modular construction of individual tools (14), which are independently interchangeable and / or different processing for the processing of different workpieces.
    [5]
    5. Dressing tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that differ the dressing areas (17, 18) in terms of physical properties and / or in terms of occupancy or the assembly of abrasive material and / or the dressing areas (17, 18) in terms of their geometric shape are distinguishable.
    [6]
    6. Dressing tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dressing tool (10) is preferably also the fine dressing tool dressable and / or modifiable and so adapted to the toothing to be machined.
    [7]
    7. A method for dressing grinding tools with a dressing tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in a first process step as many flights are dressable, as the dressing tool (10) dressing wheels, wherein a first grinding worm gear with a Feinabrichtwerkzeug and the further grinding worm threads can be dressed with roughing tools and, in further subsequent process steps, the previously only roughing grinding worms are each individually fine-dressed.
    [8]
    8. A method for dressing a grinding tool according to claim 7, characterized in that in a first process step, the grinding tool is dressed with a Restabrichtaufmass and in each of the following process steps each screw gear is dressed separately on a Feinabrichtaufmass, the number of process steps depending on the number of screw flights and the number of fine dresser tools.
    [9]
    9. A method for dressing abrasive tools according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that preferably during fine dressing, the grinding worm gears are correctable by axis movements of the dressing tool (10) relative to the grinding worm, wherein preferably movements of the C5 axis and / or the V1- Axis and / or the C2 axis are executed.
    [10]
    10. A method for dressing grinding tools according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the advancing movement of the grinding tool, in particular a grinding worm, in the direction of the V-axis is variable to pitch error of the dressing tool (10) during roughing and / or fine dressing correct.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1495824B1|2010-09-15|Process and device for the production of a gear wheel and deburring tool for deburring a gear wheel blank
    DE102004057596B4|2009-06-04|Profiling gear and method for profiling a grinding worm
    DE102004020947B4|2010-03-18|Process for dressing cylindrical grinding worms for the continuous generating grinding of gears and dressing tool
    EP2385885B2|2017-08-23|Device and method for cutting teeth in workpieces
    EP1987919B1|2017-06-14|Method and grinding machine for profiling a grinding tool
    EP2823924A2|2015-01-14|Double dressing unit
    EP2570217A1|2013-03-20|Semi-completing skiving method and device with skiving tool for performing a semi-completing skiving method
    DE102010026412A1|2012-01-12|Method of manufacturing periodic tooth flank modifications, machine tool and computer readable medium
    CH647704A5|1985-02-15|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MACHINING A SNAIL-SHAPED WORKPIECE WITH A SNAIL-SHAPED TOOL.
    DE20320294U1|2004-04-15|Manufacture of pinion gears used cutting tool that has main milling cutter and a deburring tool
    DE102011115526B4|2015-05-13|Method for dressing a multi-start grinding worm and for grinding and grinding worm
    DE102011120449A1|2013-06-13|Method for grinding toothed workpieces and apparatus designed for this purpose
    EP2027960A2|2009-02-25|Tool and method for discontinuous profile grinding of externally or internally toothed spur gears
    DE102016117962A1|2018-03-29|Bevel gear cutting machine for chamfering bevel gear tooth edges and method for chamfering the tooth edges of bevel gears
    DE3734828C1|1989-01-12|Process for partially rolling gear wheels and a suitable machine for it
    WO2019011871A1|2019-01-17|Method for generating a toothed workpiece and control program, tools and tooth-cutting machine suitable therefor
    EP3206822B1|2021-05-12|Method for dressing a honing tool, and method for honing a gear
    DE102017107999A1|2018-10-18|Deburring device and CNC gear cutting machine with such a deburring device
    DE10220513B4|2004-04-15|Process for dressing or profiling a cylindrical or essentially cylindrical grinding worm
    CH712919A2|2018-03-15|Dressing tool for dressing single or multi-start grinding worms.
    EP3620251A1|2020-03-11|Method for machining a workpiece to produce teeth and machine and software for carrying out the method
    DE102014009868A1|2016-01-07|Method and device for dressing and profiling grinding tools for gear grinding
    EP3141327B1|2017-08-23|Method of dressing a multi-thread grinding worm
    DE1034951B|1958-07-24|Bevel gear cutting machine working according to the rolling process for the production of profile-corrected gears
    EP0761357B1|2002-05-29|Method for shaving or honing cylindrical gears, in particular gears with tooth flank modifications, and method for profiling gear honing tools
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102016010893A1|2018-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH647704A5|1980-11-14|1985-02-15|Reishauer Ag|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MACHINING A SNAIL-SHAPED WORKPIECE WITH A SNAIL-SHAPED TOOL.|
    CH686171A5|1992-12-10|1996-01-31|Reishauer Ag|Dressing tool for dressing branch {ngiger, cylindrical grinding worms.|
    DE102004020947B4|2004-04-28|2010-03-18|Reishauer Ag|Process for dressing cylindrical grinding worms for the continuous generating grinding of gears and dressing tool|WO2022028871A1|2020-08-01|2022-02-10|KAPP NILES GmbH & Co. KG|Method for dressing a grinding tool|
    法律状态:
    2020-09-30| PFA| Name/firm changed|Owner name: LIEBHERR-VERZAHNTECHNIK GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LIEBHERR-VERZAHNTECHNIK GMBH, DE |
    2020-10-15| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102016010893.2A|DE102016010893A1|2016-09-12|2016-09-12|Apparatus and method for processing grinding worms|
    [返回顶部]