• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a pipeline (1) for a means of transport operating in a vacuum. The pipeline is formed from a plurality of pipeline segments (1 '), which pipeline segments (1') each have an outside support structure (2) made of concrete and an inside, inherently stable, airtight lining (3) resting on the support structure. The lining has a plurality of anchoring means (4) which protrude away from the lining on the outside and are designed to connect the lining to the concrete of the supporting structure. The linings of the individual adjacent pipeline segments are connected to one another in an airtight manner.
    公开号:CH712559B1
    申请号:CH01415/16
    申请日:2016-10-21
    公开日:2021-09-30
    发明作者:Alexander Bahman Ramon；Alexis Bahman Severin；Christian Bahman Aurelius
    申请人:Swiss Transp Research Institute Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Field of invention
    The invention relates to a pipe formed from pipe segments according to claim 1, a pipe segment according to claim 7 and the use of the pipe for a means of transport.
    background
    Tunnels are constructed in different ways and can be constructed in opencast or underground mining. DE 40 28 292 A1 shows a tunnel which contains two vacuum transport tubes in which magnetic levitation trains run. The tunnel structure shown requires a lot of space and is correspondingly complex to manufacture. DE 32 18 642 A1 shows a tunnel structure produced with a shield tunneling machine that is impermeable to water, in which a concrete vault is connected to sheet steel profile panels by means of composite dowels and in which the profile panels are connected at the joints to create a watertight sheet steel insulation of the tunnel to accomplish.
    Presentation of the invention
    The invention is based on the object of creating an improved pipeline for a means of transport or means of transport traveling in a pipeline in a vacuum. The pipeline should be suitable for the vacuum prevailing in the pipeline and it should be able to be constructed at low cost.
    This object is achieved with a pipeline according to claim 1.
    [0005] The object is thus achieved by a pipeline which is suitable for a means of transport or means of transport operating in a vacuum, the inner inherently stable lining lying against the supporting structure being made airtight on the outside supporting structure made of concrete. The lining has a plurality of anchoring means provided on the outside of the lining which protrude away from the outside and into the supporting structure made of concrete in order to effect a connection of the lining with the concrete of the supporting structure. The pipeline is not limited to the design as a tunnel, but can also rest as a pipeline on the ground or on a foundation provided on the ground over which the means of transport is to travel and / or it can be partially embedded in the ground and / or rest on a stand structure, for example on a bridge. In this way, the pipeline can be designed continuously in the above-mentioned manner over various substrates and as a tunnel. The concrete support structure can absorb the static and dynamic forces that result when the pipeline is used as a traffic route for a means of transport or means of transport, in particular a train, operating in a vacuum. The support structure resists in particular the forces that result from its own weight and the weight of the means of transport or the train. In particular, when the pipeline is guided on a stand construction or as a bridge or viaduct pipeline, the pipeline can assume a load-bearing function of the viaduct or the bridge.
    The airtight lining of the pipeline allows the air pressure in the pipeline to be reduced to such an extent that vehicles, especially trains designed for this purpose, can travel in this at very high speed, since there is practically no air resistance. The concrete supporting structure on the outside serves to absorb the forces from an overlap of the pipeline if it is designed in the manner of a tunnel with the rock and earth layers usually surrounding the tunnel, or to absorb the forces that result when the pipeline is open over terrain Is guided and in particular rests on a stand construction, such as in particular a bridge structure. On the other hand, the support structure made of concrete contributes to the stabilization of the lining via the anchor means, which lining has to absorb the forces created by the vacuum in the pipeline. The support structure made of concrete cannot be regarded as airtight, so that on the outside of the lining, which rests against the inside of the support structure, there is essentially atmospheric pressure. The anchor means prevent delamination, which here means a detachment of the lining from the supporting structure. Since the concrete has only a very low tensile strength, delamination could lead to partial destruction of the concrete supporting structure, in which case a thin layer of concrete comes off adjacent to the lining. This is prevented by the anchor means. The form of the anchor means can be of any desired shape, but must bring about increased adhesion of the lining to the supporting structure. However, the term anchor means does not mean a special shape in the form of an “anchor”; any shape that is suitable for connecting the lining and the supporting structure - through positive locking and / or frictional engagement - is meant here by the term anchor means. In the context of the present invention, the anchor means are designed in such a way that they do not allow air to pass through the lining. Thus, the anchor means are generally not provided through the lining, but they only protrude from the outside of the lining. If anchor means are provided which pass through the lining from the inside of the pipeline, they must be sealed against the passage of air or designed in such a way that their construction does not destroy the airtightness of the lining.
    The lining is preferably formed from a vacuum-compatible material. This means that there is practically no outgassing or leakage of liquid from the material of the lining into the evacuated pipeline or there is no so-called “virtual leak”. Vacuum-compatible materials are known to the person skilled in the art or are listed accordingly. The lining is preferably formed from a metallic material. It is particularly advisable to make the lining from steel in order to achieve sufficient strength. Austenitic stainless steel is the most common choice for high vacuum applications or for very high vacuum applications. For example, stainless steels 304, 304L, 316L, 347 or 321 (according to DIN 1.4301) are suitable and can also be welded well under protective gas.
    It is further preferred that the lining has several layers and only the innermost layer consists of a vacuum-compatible material. In particular, the lining can consist of two metal layers. Thus, the outer layer can consist of a more cost-effective metal or a more cost-effective steel quality, while a vacuum-compatible metal or steel quality is used for the inner layer, which delimits the interior of the pipeline from which the air is largely withdrawn. The permanently airtight connection of sections of the lining or the segments can be achieved by welding. Of course, other types of connection, such as soldering or gluing, are also possible in order to create a permanently airtight connection.
    The anchor means are preferably arranged distributed over the entire outside of the lining. Furthermore, the anchor means are preferably arranged in a regular arrangement on the outside of the lining. This enables a homogeneous distribution of the forces acting. The anchor means are preferably formed from the material of the lining or from the material of the outermost layer of the lining. The anchor means can thus be formed in one piece with the lining or with the outer layer of the lining. The anchor means can, however, also be produced as separate parts from the material of the lining and fastened to the latter, or the anchor means can be formed from a material other than the lining material. The length L of the anchor means and their distances D and D 'from one another are to be expertly adapted to the respective design and the material of the lining, so that sufficient adhesion is achieved between the lining and the supporting structure.
    The invention is further based on the object of creating an improved segment for the formation of pipelines. The segments can be prepared outside the pipeline construction site and are used later when building the pipeline in opencast mining on or above ground or when building a pipeline as a tunnel in underground construction.
    This object is achieved with a pipe segment according to claim 7.
    The liner is formed from a vacuum compatible material. This means that there is practically no outgassing or leakage of liquid from the material of the lining into the evacuated tunnel and there is no so-called “virtual leak”. Vacuum-compatible materials are known to the person skilled in the art or are listed accordingly. The liner is formed from a metallic material. It is particularly advisable to make the lining from steel in order to achieve sufficient strength. Austenitic stainless steel is the most common choice for high vacuum applications or for very high vacuum applications. For example, stainless steels 304, 304L, 316L, 347 or 321 (according to DIN 1.4301) are suitable and can also be welded well under protective gas.
    Furthermore, the lining has several layers and only the innermost layer consists of the vacuum-compatible material. In particular, the lining can consist of two metal layers. Thus, the outer layer can consist of a more cost-effective metal or a more cost-effective steel quality, while a vacuum-compatible metal or steel quality is used for the inner layer, which delimits the tunnel interior from which the air is largely withdrawn.
    The anchor means can be arranged distributed over the entire outside of the lining. Furthermore, the anchor means can be arranged in a regular arrangement on the outside of the lining. This enables a homogeneous distribution of the forces acting. The anchor means can be formed from the material of the lining or from the material of the outermost layer of the lining. The anchor means can thus be formed in one piece with the lining or with the outer layer of the lining. The anchor means can, however, also be produced as separate parts from the material of the lining and fastened to the latter, or the anchor means can be formed from a material other than the lining material. The length L of the anchor means and their distances D and D 'from one another are to be expertly adapted to the respective design and the material of the lining, so that sufficient adhesion is achieved between the lining and the supporting structure.
    The preferred use of the pipeline, which is capable of being essentially evacuated, results from claim 8.
    Brief description of the drawings
    [0016] Further embodiments, advantages and applications of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and from the description that follows with reference to the figures. The figures show: FIG. 1 roughly schematically a pipeline according to the invention, which in this exemplary embodiment is shown as a tunnel with a train located therein in vertical cross section; FIG. 2 shows a horizontal cross section through part of the pipeline or through a segment for forming the pipeline; and FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the outside of part of the lining of the pipeline to explain the positioning of the anchor means.
    Way (s) for carrying out the invention
    Figure 1 shows roughly schematically a vertical cross section through an embodiment of the pipeline according to the invention in the form of a tunnel. The pipeline can be constructed in the form of a tunnel as an open pit tunnel or as an underground tunnel. The pipeline is otherwise formed lying on the ground or provided on a stand construction above the ground. This also applies to bridges as a stand construction. In a preferred embodiment, the pipeline is formed from prefabricated segments. The pipeline or its segments can, however, also be produced in in-situ concrete, in which case the lining can serve as inner formwork. This is also preferred when prefabricating the segments. In the context of this application, the center of the pipeline or, in the example shown, the tunnel or parts or surfaces pointing towards the center are “inside” and parts or surfaces pointing outwards are “outside”. The terms “inside” or “outside” are used accordingly. The arrow A in Figure 1 thus points from the inside to the outside.
    A pipeline or tunnel 1 according to the example shown roughly schematically has a support structure 2 made of concrete and an inner lining 3. The lining 3 thus delimits the interior 10 of the tunnel 1 or the pipeline. Since the liner is airtight, it allows the interior 10 to be essentially evacuated and kept. The corresponding devices are not shown and are not the subject of the present invention. The rock or soil is shown with 6 and 7. The usual drainage devices for rock or soil 6, 7 surrounding a tunnel are not shown. These are known to those skilled in the art and can be carried out in a conventional manner. A means of transport 8, in particular a passenger train, can travel on rails (not shown) and / or as a magnetic levitation train or in some other way, guided and driven, in the essentially evacuated pipeline interior. This is also not explained further here.
    The lining 3 rests with its outside 3 'on the inside of the support structure, preferably it rests on the inside of the support structure everywhere. The lining 3 has a large number of anchoring means 4 on its outside, which are provided in order to connect the lining 3 to the concrete of the supporting structure 2 or to prevent delamination of the lining from the supporting structure. In Figure 1, only a few of the anchor means 4 are indicated. As a rule, anchor means 4 will be arranged distributed over the entire outer side 3 'of the lining. Preferably in a regular arrangement, as can be seen in FIGS. FIG. 2 shows part of a longitudinal section through the pipeline or, in this example, through the tunnel 1 or, in the event that individual, for example annular, pipeline segments 1 'are involved, shows a longitudinal section through a pipeline segment 1' and a part of the adjacent pipe segment 1 '. FIG. 3 shows a view of part of the outside 3 'of the lining 3 without the supporting structure 2. FIGS. 2 and 3 show a regular arrangement of the anchor means 4 at a distance D from one another. The lining has the thickness T and the length of the anchor means is indicated by L. As explained, the lining is preferably formed from metal. The anchor means 4 can consist of the metal of the lining or can be formed from a separate material. The anchor means preferably protrude from the outside 3 'and do not pass through the lining, in order to avoid the risk of an air leak in the area of an anchor means. The length L of the anchor means and their distance D or their distance D 'from one another are to be expertly adapted to the respective design and the material of the lining, so that sufficient adhesion is achieved between the lining and the supporting structure.
    The shape of the anchor means can be any, provided that it is ensured that they achieve a sufficient connection of the support structure and lining with the concrete of the support structure 2 by sufficient form fit and / or friction fit.
    The production of a pipeline or in the example of a tunnel according to the invention can be done by individual pipeline segments or in the example tunnel segments 1 'are prefabricated and assembled at the site of the pipeline or the tunnel, which in the case of a tunnel in opencast mining or underground construction and in the case of a pipeline that runs on or over the ground is of course carried out in opencast mining. The linings of adjacent segments 1 'are connected in an airtight manner, preferably welded. Soldering or gluing to achieve a permanently airtight connection is also possible. Two adjacent segments 1 'are partially shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the weld seam is denoted by 11. To produce the segments, the lining 3 can first be formed with the anchor means 4 and this serves as an inner formwork for the concrete of the supporting structure in the production of the supporting structure 2. The same procedure can be used when pipeline sections are being constructed on site and the inner lining is used as formwork for the concrete that is either placed between the lining and the rock of the excavation in underground mining or, in the case of pipe formation in opencast mining, between the Lining and an outer formwork is introduced.
    In Figure 1, a sole 7 of the outbreak or the open pit is indicated and the surrounding soil or rock with the reference number 6. The circular shape of the pipe cross-section is preferred for the forces generated by the vacuum in the pipe or in the tunnel. But it is also possible to make the pipeline flat on its underside.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Pipe (1) for a means of transport operating in a vacuum, characterized in that it is formed from a plurality of pipe segments (1 '), which pipe segments (1') each have an outside support structure (2) made of concrete and an inside inherently stable, have airtight lining (3) resting on the supporting structure, which lining has a plurality of anchor means (4) protruding on the outside from the lining, which are designed to connect the lining to the concrete of the supporting structure and wherein the linings of the individual adjacent pipeline segments are airtight are connected to each other.
    [2]
    2. Pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective lining is formed from a vacuum-compatible material.
    [3]
    3. Pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that the respective lining has several layers and the innermost layer consists of the vacuum-compatible material.
    [4]
    4. Pipeline according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the linings are formed from metal, and that the adjacent linings are connected by welding.
    [5]
    5. Pipeline according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the anchor means (4) are arranged distributed over the entire outside (3 ') of the respective lining, and in particular that the anchor means are arranged in a regular arrangement on the outside (3') ) of the respective lining are arranged.
    [6]
    6. Pipeline according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the anchor means are formed from the material of the respective lining or, in the case of a multilayer lining, from the material of the outermost layer of the respective lining.
    [7]
    7. pipeline segment (1 ') for forming a pipeline according to claim 3, characterized in that the pipeline segment (1') has an outside support structure (2) made of concrete and an inside, inherently stable, airtight lining (3) resting on the support structure, which lining has a plurality of anchoring means (4) protruding away from the lining on the outside, which anchor means (4) are designed to connect the lining to the concrete of the supporting structure, the lining comprising a vacuum-compatible metal material and having several layers and the innermost layer being made of the vacuum-compatible metal material .
    [8]
    8. Use of a pipeline (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 as a pipeline for a means of transport operating in the substantially evacuated pipeline.
    [9]
    9. Use of a pipeline according to one of claims 1 to 6 as a supporting part of a viaduct structure.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    WO2017211674A1|2017-12-14|Pipeline for a means of transportation that travels in a vacuum
    EP1355039A1|2003-10-22|Method of constructing an extended free chamber between two tunnel segments
    EP2918772A2|2015-09-16|Expansion system for underground tunnels or routes
    CH712559B1|2021-09-30|Pipeline for a means of transport operating in a vacuum.
    DE2739079A1|1979-03-15|Multiple tunnel construction system - uses intermediate wall of pilot tunnel to support and guide measuring ring for adjacent tunnel
    DE3032521A1|1982-03-11|CLOSED ROUTE EXTENSION, IN PARTICULAR FOR UNDERGROUND PIT ROUTES
    DE102009057521B4|2011-07-21|Tubbing extension with integrated compliance element
    DE102014117581A1|2016-06-02|Tunnel extension made of tubbing rings with outside compliance element
    DE2526242C3|1978-08-10|Mountain anchor support
    DE19608264C1|1997-05-07|Tunnel lining with tubbing rings
    EP1548228B1|2007-01-31|Method of forming an underground bore and apparatus for carrying out the same
    DE2710429A1|1978-09-14|Concrete structure incorporating drainage system - has leaktight inner surface covered by flexible drainage strips supported on webs
    DE1658729C|1972-01-27|Tunnel lining made of steel rings, the hollow profile of which is reinforced by a concrete core
    DE2912989C2|1983-12-22|Ring construction for shafts for mining and tunneling that have been temporarily solidified, preferably sunk in frozen mountains
    DE3218642A1|1983-11-24|Underground tunnel structure
    DE2613854C3|1978-08-03|Tubbing segment for tunnel lining with joint sealing
    DE102016111724A1|2017-08-31|An open-plan tunnel construction with at least one concrete body and non-back-end sealing system therefor
    DE102016101983A1|2017-08-10|Method and system for the bottom-side separation of a body to be worked out of a rock
    DE202007002308U1|2007-06-06|Seal for retro-fitted ground-supported building structure, has parts welded together to form connection impervious to water under pressure
    DE2050729A1|1971-06-03|Storage system for liquid gas
    DE1041894B|1958-10-30|Assembly process and formation of a steel-concrete composite structure for shafts
    EP0908598A2|1999-04-14|Method for laying a conduit and conduit comprising a casing and a production tubing
    DE2254947A1|1974-05-22|PROCESS FOR THE MILLNICHE PRODUCTION OF SEVERAL CAVITY
    DE3739453A1|1989-05-24|Multi-shell lining of underground tank farm which can be tested for leaks
    CH561143A5|1975-04-30|Stationary tank for fluids - with spacers between inner and outer base plate of tank forming evacuated space
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH712559A2|2017-12-15|
    CH712527A1|2017-12-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1336732A|1919-05-23|1920-04-13|Davy Robert Ballard|Vacuum-railway|
    US1813625A|1930-06-12|1931-07-07|Howard L Knox|Transportation system|
    DE3218642A1|1982-05-18|1983-11-24|Philipp Holzmann AG, Hauptniederlassung Düsseldorf, 4000 Düsseldorf|Underground tunnel structure|
    DE3806126C2|1988-02-26|1990-08-16|Neuero Stahlbau Gmbh & Co, 4459 Emlichheim, De|
    CN101327798B|2007-06-22|2011-02-02|刘本林|Method of vacuum pipelines for long-distance passenger transport|
    法律状态:
    2020-01-31| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00726/16A|CH712527A1|2016-06-07|2016-06-07|Evacuable tunnel for means of transport.|PCT/EP2017/063291| WO2017211674A1|2016-06-07|2017-06-01|Pipeline for a means of transportation that travels in a vacuum|
    [返回顶部]