专利摘要:
The invention relates to an apparatus for the production of wind energy by means of air currents at high altitude. It comprises an aerostat (7) inflated by a lift gas to mount the turbine in the air. A rotor is installed on the upper side of a generator (1), another rotor, rotating counter-clockwise, is installed on the lower side of the generator to turn the stator (2) in the opposite direction. The rotors comprise pulling cords connecting the ends of transverse beams on which flexible blades are installed. The blades have an alternative deformation between folding upstream and deployment by turning downstream against the direction of the wind. Two bearings (3) (4) are installed above the upper rotor and below the lower rotor. The system includes a rotating electrical connector (5) which is located below the lower bearing to connect the rotating electrical cables to the cable of the main attachment to the Earth. The apparatus is equipped with a recovery parachute (32) installed between the turbine and the aerostat.
公开号:CH712386A1
申请号:CH00538/16
申请日:2016-04-22
公开日:2017-10-31
发明作者:Yasser Safa
申请人:Yasser Safa;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

Description TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The invention introduces a new apparatus lighter than air for converting the energy of wind currents at high altitudes into electricity. It is composed of mechanical parts that form an apparatus with a vertical counter-rotating turbine equipped with light and flexible blades that fold and unfold in a cyclic functionality. This is designed to provide a lighter than air gear for efficient, stable and safe operation of wind energy at high altitudes.
Description of the invention
State of the Art [0002] The use of aircraft systems makes it possible to float the turbine in areas where the wind has a higher speed than that at the lower levels of the atmosphere. At these altitudes, wind currents are more regular and stronger on average. Wind energy harvested at such an altitude is then transmitted to the ground by a cable tie. This technology has the advantages of producing low cost electric power (no need to build towers) and no noise.
Aerostat systems that make use of inflatable components by helium or hydrogen are used to mount the turbine at high altitudes. Unlike other airborne wind technologies, lighter than air turbine systems satisfy a stationary operation. These systems can operate at a significantly higher altitude compared to other technologies that have hard wings (those that look like planes or helicopter machines) or have flexible wings that look like kites or parachutes (power kite). This is because the lighter gas than air provides increased lift capacity which allows the floating turbine to reach extremely high areas. On the other hand, unlike hard-wing systems, wind systems that are lighter than air have an environmental benefit associated with the low risk of harming birds or bats. In terms of urban safety with respect to free falling components, these systems have a low risk factor relative to weight.
According to our knowledge, there are two systems lighter than air used for airborne wind energy: on the one hand, the Magenn Air Rotor system (MARS) makes use of a cylindrical bag inflated by the helium and equipped with rotating outer blades. These turn the bag around its horizontal axis and turn, then, a tree connected to two generators installed at the ends of the helium bag. On the other hand, the Altaeros system uses a generator linked to a horizontal axis turbine fixed by fasteners in the center of an inflated ring of helium to position it in the air until more than 300 meters of altitude.
Limitations of the Implemented Systems [0004] The main limitations of the two wind systems lighter than the above-mentioned air can be summarized in the following points: [0005] 1 - For a continuously stable operation, it is necessary to keep a orientation of the floating turbine with respect to the wind direction: the MARS system axis must be kept horizontal and positioned orthogonal to the wind direction, while the turbine axis in the Altaeros system must remain parallel to the direction of the wind. Therefore, these systems must be equipped with stabilizing tools (side wings, ropes, or tools whose operation resembles that of the rudder). However these stabilization tools are not always reliable especially in the case of strong wind current, which causes an interruption or a reduction of the service of the system in operation. In addition, the installation of these equipment increases the weight to be carried, and therefore, the cost of the helium used.
[0006] 2 - A modular design with repetition of the rotor modules using a single aerostat is not obviously feasible in the case of Altaeros. In the case of MARS the repetition of the rotors requires the use of several aerosotats which are attached in different stages. Nevertheless, the repetition of the aerostat instead of the use of multiple rotors attached by a single aerostat does not contribute to an improvement in the L / D ratio (lift to drag ratio) of the craft.
3 - In case of MARS, bursting of the balloon causes the loss of the rotor which is implanted in combination with the rotating gas bag.
4 - In case of Altearos, the bursting of the balloon causes a trigger of the rotor of its fasteners which can be rotated ejected with considerable risks related to the fall of the generator.
Technical Problems [0009] The object of the present invention is to ensure the following: [0010] 1 - Control the instability problem of the high altitude floating turbine which is associated with the disturbance of speed and direction the wind.
2 - Avoid overloading the system by onboard equipment for the stabilization and orientation of the turbine.
3 - Avoid the use of counter-torque tools for fixing the stator part of the floating generator.
4 - Reduce the amount of carrier gas by adopting floating equipment controlled weight.
5 - Control the loss of power attributed to the aerodynamic operation of the blades of the turbine. This is intended for a good exploitation of the energy of the wind current at high altitude.
6 - solve the problem of limiting the escalability of a system. This problem results in the fact that the increase in the power produced or the size of the system is not obviously proportional, at least, to the quantity of gas necessary for the lift at high altitude.
7 - Address the problem of low resistance to strong wind that affects airborne systems with flexible wings (soft-wings airbome) for the production of energy. That is to say, to present a solution that ensures a sufficiently wide effective operating range that spreads between a low wind-to-wind speed and a cut-out wind speed. high.
8 - Avoid the use of gearbox (gearbox).
9 - Control the risk associated with the free fall of the rigid components.
Solutions: [0019] 1 - The instability of the operation of the turbine at high altitude in the case of disturbance in the direction of the wind or in the case of extremely strong currents, is controlled by the use of a vertical turbine as described in fig. 1 and as explained in claim 1.
2 - There is no need to install on board guidance equipment or similar techniques since the vertical turbine is used to accept wind currents from all directions. This is described in claim 1.
3 - There is no need to fix the stator part of the generator since the rotating stator technique is applied by making use of a turbine against the direction as mentioned in claim 2 and as exhibited in fig. 2. Two vertical rotors are installed in the stator and rotor sides of the generator respectively, (see parts 1 and 2 of Fig. 2) and they rotate in opposite directions under the bearing aerostat. This allows the system to remain in a stationary floating position with a single ground fastener without the need to install counter-torque type stabilizers or multiple ties on the ground.
4 - The weight of floating equipment is reduced by making use of a vertical turbine without axis. The structure of this turbine contains beams (rods) which are not subject to moment effects or shearing effects as explained in claim 1 and described in FIG. 1. This is established with a design of the vertical turbine structure based on a tensegrity design "tensional integrity" or "floating compression": strings tensioned (see part 18 in Fig. 1) are attached to the ends of the rods compressed, see parts 11 and 12 of fig. 1. In addition, these rods carry flexible blades, see parts 13,14,15 and 16 in fig. 1. This construction is established without the use of a vertical shaft. In addition, the gearbox is eliminated in such a design which reduces loading on board.
The capacity of the system for harvesting wind energy is increased by making use of the technique described in claim 4.
6 - The escalability is ensured, in the modular sense of the term, in this system that accepts the increase in the number of rotors carried by a single balloon. This increases the energy produced by the addition of new vertical rotor modules. The captured surface can be increased on a large scale not only by the repetition of multi-stage rotors but also by the repetition of the modules of the blades installed on the same floor.
7 - The ability to capture the wind energy is increased with a cut-out wind speed high as described in claim 4. In fact, flexible blades are deployed in moving against the direction of the wind, see part 13 in fig. 1. This thus reduces the loss of power caused by the forces of air resistance exerted on these blades.
8 - The gearbox is eliminated from the design of the system which operates at low starting speed and which makes use of a generator at low rpm (rotation per minute).
[0027] 9 - The risk of falling rigid parts is maintained. In fact a containment mechanism is established by a basket formed of the outer ropes surrounding the equipment on board, as described in claim 8 and illustrated in part 8 of fig. 4. On the other hand, the risk of the fall of the entire system following the bursting of the balloon is controlled by the installation of a parachute recovery. This is described in claim 9 and exhibited in part 32 of FIG. 4.
Advantages: [0028] 1 - The system has the advantages of design "lighter than air" in the true sense of the term. Indeed, without making use of a balloon having a special design that is combined with a horizontal rotor, the vertical turbine introduced is externally attached to any aerostat which provides a sufficiently strong lift capacity. This is done without requiring the installation of stabilization equipment on board since the system can receive wind currents coming from different directions.
2 - This system is a machine "lighter than air" with a stator in rotation against-sense. Such a system can operate with a single cable-fastener for attachment to the ground and without the need to install counter-torque equipment.
3 - The invention includes the advantages of lightweight systems such as "soft wings" in the true sense of the term. This is ensured by introducing the power kite device into the blade design having pseudo-umbrella functionality for a low weight rotor. The flexible blades that are installed on the compressed rods (beams) contribute to aerodynamic performance at lower loads (an extremely low weight-to-surface ratio).
4 - The function of folding and deployment of the pseudo-umbrella blade ensures a power of the turbine to complete an efficient operation of the wind speed without loss of power associated with the resistance of the air in the U-turn upstream. The flexible blade bends by turning the U-turn upstream and then unfolds by turning the U-turn downstream.
5 - The function of folding and deployment of the pseudo-umbrella blade can exploit the energy of the strong wind current with a higher wind speed stop. This is because the risk of system degradation due to the drag force is reduced by decreasing the interaction area between the wind and the upstream blade by folding it.
6 - The balance of the system in the sense of the amount of angular movement is maintained by the fact that the rotor above the generator and the one below the generator rotate in opposite directions. This keeps the floating system stationary at high altitude.
7 - The device is designed with a balloon connected to the cable of the main tie (main tether) by auxiliary ropes. The rotating parts of the system such as rotors, generator, bearings and the slip ring are all confined within a basket formed by the auxiliary ropes, see parts 8 in fig. 4. This relaxes the internal stress fields in the turbine structure and thus ensures a flexible behavior of the rotors with less strained ropes (see parts 18 in Fig. 1). This mechanism allows a tolerance of rotation of the blades around the axis of rod (beam), see the part 12 in fig. 1. Such a device has a self-orientation of the blade against the flow downstream of the wind when the turbine and the main attachment are inclined by the drag of the aerostat. This self-orientation of the surface of the blades perpendicular to the direction of the wind is driven by the wind without involving tools of external controls. This allows the rotor to capture wind power with a blade shape that meets the wind flow with a high drag coefficient downstream of the current.
8 - The folding behavior and deployment of the pseudo-umbrella flexible blade is completed without being forced by the use of external control tools. This is only due to the natural interaction between the fluid and solid domains at the surface of contact with the air.
9 - The beams (rods) which carry the flexible blades are installed in two stages with a phase angle (shift angle, i.e. angle phase). Such a device provides an important coefficient of performance to better accept the power of the air stream on the sensed surface of the rotor.
10 - The weight of the turbine is reduced by the establishment of a structure with a design based on the principle of tensegrity (floating compression). A transverse beam, see part 12 of fig. 1, door flexible blades, see parts 15 and 16 in fig. 1. The ends of the beam (rod) are attached by tension cords, see parts 18 in fig. 1. The tension of these ropes is associated with the forces applied (drag, lift and weight) to the structure of the turbine. This tension force is reflected by an axial compressive force in the beam (rod). With such a structure that contains no axial bearing shaft, the transverse rods are not subjected to shear forces or moment effects. This reduces the section of the rods and controls the overall weight of the rotor.
11 - Limited section traction cords are used to join the successive stages of the rotor, see parts 18 in fig. 1, and to also join the rotors with the generator, see parts 10 in fig. 1. Thanks to their limited contact surface with the upstream air flow, the use of these ropes contributes to reducing the drag forces applied to the structure of the system and thus to control the inclination of the turbine which must remain in a quasi-vertical position.
12 - By making use of two rotors against the direction of which one is connected to the rotor part of the generator and the other is connected to the stator part, see fig. 2, the stator fixing tools (for example: counter-torque disc, several fasteners on the ground) are all removed from the design. This is because the stator is not designed as a fixed part of the system, it is instead designed to be operated in rotation in the opposite direction by contributing an amount additional to the overall power produced by the turbine.
13 - The reduction of the materials used in this invention of the turbine, and the flexible mechanical behavior of the pseudo-umbrella blade (folding-deployment) allow the system to react with the wind current by showing a sufficiently high angular velocity . Given this factor in combination with the counter-directional rotor technique used, this allows the system to be operated without the need for a gearbox.
In addition, the turbine as introduced in the present invention, is characterized by a low wind speed at startup and a low speed ratio of the tip of the blade to the speed of the wind (tip speed ratio), which thus avoids the need to install start-up equipment.
14 - By separating the design of the generator-rotor part from that of the aerostat, this system has the property of escalability to exploit its design in different scales of application. This allows the engineers to master the design of the turbine and the aerostat on a small scale, and immediately move to the extremely wider model both in terms of size of the turbine, the level of power produced.
15 - By separating the design of the generator-rotor part from that of the aerostat, the system is modular in the sense that the increase of the sensed surface is feasible by the multiplication of the number of rotor stages carried by a single aerostat or by multiplying number of blades in the same rotor stage.
16 - By separating the design of the generator-rotor part from that of the aerostat, recovery of the turbine in case of bursting of the balloon is possible. This is established by the installation of a parachute attached between the rotor at the top and the aerostat, see part 32 in fig. 4.
17 - The system has an elegant shape with the counter-clockwise rotation of the two sets of pseudoparaplia blades by exhibiting a vertical arrangement and making a cyclic closing-open game of blades attached to a floating aerostat sky.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be explained in more detail in the description which refers to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings which are introduced as an indication without any restriction: [0046] FIG. 1: the rotor at the top contains the rods (beams) 11 and 12, the strings 18, and the pseudo-umbrella blades 13, 14, 15 and 16. This rotor is connected to the upper bearing 4 by the strings 19A and 19B. It is also connected to the rotor part of the generator 1 by the strings 10.
Fig. 2: the counter-direction rotor technique is applied. A rotor at the top is connected to the rotor part 1 of the generator and a rotor at the bottom is connected to the stator part 2 of the generator. Both rotors rotate in opposite directions. The installation consists of the following parts: generator 1 rotor, generator 2 stator, rotating electrical connector with through bore slip ring 5, electrical cables, bearings 3 and 4, the components of the main attachment by earth which are the rope 6 and the electric cable 31.
Fig. 3: Bottom rotor which is installed on the rotating stator part of the generator provides a mechanical and electrical connection with the main fastener by the following elements: a rotating electrical connector with through bore slip ring 5 is installed at below the bearing 3 for transmitting the electrical current of the rotating cables 30 to the electric cable 31 of the main attachment on the ground. The rope 6 of the main tie on the ground passes through the hole of the slip ring 5. The electric cables 30 of the generator rotate with the rotor at the bottom and attach to the rotor part of the rotating connector.
Fig. 4: the system is lifted by the use of a gas-filled aerostat lighter than air 7. It is equipped with: auxiliary ropes 8, connecting ropes 9 installed between the upper bearing and the aerostat, and a rescue parachute 32.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (COMPLETION OF THE INVENTION) The apparatus of the invention is shown in FIG. 1,2 and 3 and generally described in FIG. 4. This includes two vertical rotors that rotate in opposite directions. The rotor at the top is installed at the rotor part of the generator, while the rotor at the bottom is installed at the stator part of the generator.
2 - Each rotor comprises compression rods which are placed in different stages with a phase angle, see parts 11 and 12 in FIG. 1. These rods are connected by tension cords see parts 18 of fig. 1. Each rod carries flexible blades that have a functionality of opening and closing a pseudo-umbrella, see parts 13,14, 15 and 16 of FIG. 1.
3 - The apparatus also comprises an inflatable balloon by a gas lighter than air to carry the system in a stable position at high altitude. This aerostat is selected with a geometry allowing a high ratio of the lift force to that of the drag (lift-to-drag ratio).
4 - The apparatus comprises a cable of the main attachment connecting the floating equipment on the ground, see part 6 of fig. 4. This is designed for mechanical and electrical connection on the ground.
权利要求:
Claims (9)
[1]
5 - The apparatus comprises two bearings: one is installed between the rotor at the top and the aerostat, see part 4 of fig. 2, this is required to avoid the "twisting" of the ropes connecting the rotor to the aerostat. Another bearing is installed between the rotor at the bottom and the main attachment on the ground, see part 3 in fig. 2, this is required to avoid twisting the rope of this fastener. 6 - The apparatus comprises an electrical connector rotating with an axial hole (through-boron rotation connect), see part 5 of fig. 2 and fig. 3, this is installed between the cable of the fastener and the rotor at the bottom, precisely below the bearing at the bottom. This installation is required to avoid "twisting" twisting of the electric cables (see part 30 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) which transmit current from the stator part of the generator to the main cable attached to the ground. The rope of the cable passes through the hole of the rotating connector whose external electrical connection cords are connected to the electrical cable of the main cradle. This is to neutralize the attractive forces in the electric cables and to protect them against torsion twisting, see fig. 3. [0056] 7 - The rotor at the top is connected to the rotor part of the generator, see part 1 of FIG. 1, this is established by the use of the strings of traction, see part 29 of fig. 3. These cords transmit the torque effect of the rotor to the generator. 8 - The rotor at the bottom is connected to the stator part of the generator, see part 2 of fig. 2, this is established by the use of pulling lines, see part 20 of fig. 2. These cords transmit the torque effect of the rotor to the stator part (turning counter-clockwise) of the generator. 9 - The device is equipped with auxiliary ropes which are attached between the main rope and the aerostat, see parts 8 of fig. 4. These cords transmit the tensile forces due to the lift of the gas and the aerodynamics of the aerostat to the rope of the main attachment on the ground. The rotating components of the system such as the rotors, the generator, the bearings are all surrounded by a basket formed of these auxiliary ropes. Then these components are not affected by the dynamic force fields transmitted to the rope of the fastener. This makes it possible to control the effects of rotational friction and to provide flexibility in the rotor structure. In addition, this basket of auxiliary ropes provides safety against falling due to the detachment of a member of the aforementioned components. 10 - The device is equipped with a recovery parachute installed between the bearing at the top and the aerostat, see part 32 of fig. 4. The parachute deploys after bursting the balloon or detaching this to prevent the free fall of the generator-rotor system. claims
1. An apparatus for the production of high altitude wind power includes, as illustrated in fig. 1 and fig. 2 and as generally illustrated in FIG. 4, an upper rotor connected to the rotor part of the generator, see part 1 of fig. 2, a lower rotor connected to the stator part of the generator, see part 2 of FIG. 2. The device also includes a cable from the main attachment which connects the equipment on board to the point on the ground, to ensure the attachment of the device and the transmission of the generated electrical current, see parts 6 and 31 in fig. 2. In addition, a gas balloon aerostat lighter than air carries the system at high altitude, see Part 7 in fig. 4, and two bearings are used, one is installed between the rotor at the top and the balloon, see part 4 in fig. 2, while the other is installed between the rotor at the bottom and the rope of the main attachment, see part 3 in fig. 2. The rotors are characterized by a structure comprising at least two rods (beams) which are installed at different stages, see parts 11 and 12 in fig. 1. The ends of the rod (beam) are connected to those in a neighboring stage by tension cords, see parts 18 of fig. 1. At each rod (beam) the blades are installed with a convex face oriented in the direction of rotation of the rotor, see parts 13, 14, 15 and 16 in fig. 2 and parts 26, 27, 28, and 29 in FIG. 2.
[2]
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that the two vertical rotors rotate in the opposite direction.
[3]
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 is provided with a through-bore slip electrical connector illustrated in part 5 of FIG. 3. This is installed between the main attachment cord, part 6 in fig. 3, and the rotor down below the bearing (shown in part 3 of Fig. 3). This connector transmits the current of the cables in rotation, part 30 of FIG. 3, to the cable of the main attachment, part 31 of fig. 3. The pull rope of the main attachment, see part 6 in fig. 3 is passed through the hole of the electrical connector while the electrical cable of the main attachment (portion 31 of Fig. 3) is connected to the outer cords of the electrical connection which are attached to the static parity of the aforementioned electrical connector.
[4]
4. An apparatus according to claim 1 is provided by the rotor blades which are flexible and made of flexible materials and fixed on the beam (rod) with a central axis, part 17 in fig. 1. These blades have a function of a cyclic folding-unfolding umbrella, see parts 13 and 14 of fig. 1. The flexible blades are opened during their U-turn downstream of the air flow and then they are closed during their U-turn upstream against the air current.
[5]
5. An apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that the rotor at the top is connected to the rotor part of the generator, part 1 of fig. 1, through two pulling cords, see parts 19A and 19B in fig. 1. These cords transmit the moment effect of the rotor and then they rotate the rotor of the generator.
[6]
An apparatus in claim 1 is characterized by a rotor at the bottom which is connected to the stator part of the generator, part 2 of fig. 2, through two pulling cords, see parts 20 of FIG. 2. These cords transmit the moment effect of the rotor and then they turn the stator part of the generator against the direction.
[7]
7. An apparatus according to claim 1 is provided with auxiliary pulling ropes, parts 8 of FIG. 4, which are attached to the aerostat and to the point of the rope of the main attachment located below the rotating electrical connector. The rotating parts of the system such as the rotors, the stator of the generator and its rotor, the bearings and the electrical connector rotating (slip ring) are all confined inside the basket formed by the auxiliary traction ropes.
[8]
8. An apparatus according to claim 1 is provided by auxiliary ropes, according to claim 7. This is introduced to prevent the free fall of the parts of the system due to rupture of the ropes of rotors or the breaking of the connecting ropes which are located between the rotor and the generator, between the rotors and the bearings or between the bearing at the top and the aerostat.
[9]
9. An apparatus according to claim 1 having the aerostat separated from the turbine. With such a device, the apparatus is provided, at least, a recovery parachute attached between the balloon and the bearing at the top, this is illustrated by the portion 32 of FIG. 4.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
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引用文献:
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法律状态:
2019-11-15| AZW| Rejection (application)|
2020-06-15| AEN| Modification of the scope of the patent|Free format text: REMISE EN VIGUEUR APRES RADIATION ERRONEE:LA DATE DU REJET A ETE RECTIFIEE. |
2020-06-15| AZW| Rejection (application)|
2020-08-14| AEN| Modification of the scope of the patent|Free format text: :LA DEMANDE DE BREVET A ETE REACTIVEE SELON LA DEMANDE DE POURSUITE DE LA PROCEDURE DU 11.06.2020. |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
CH00538/16A|CH712386B1|2016-04-22|2016-04-22|Device for the production of wind energy using air currents at high altitude.|CH00538/16A| CH712386B1|2016-04-22|2016-04-22|Device for the production of wind energy using air currents at high altitude.|
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