• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a locking and securing device for a timepiece, in particular for integration into an anchor escapement, the device comprising a first mobile (1) and a second mobile (2), the first mobile (1) rotating. around an axis (1.1) and being able to immobilize the second mobile in a first or a second position defined respectively by a first - and a second stop (4.1, 4.2) against which the said second mobile bears, the first moving member (1) being a circular plate (1.2) surrounded by a skirt (1.2.1) having inner (1.2.1.1) and outer (1.2.1.2) walls, said skirt (1.2.1) having a notch ( 1.2.1.3) arranged to be traversed by a finger (2.2.3) fixed on the second mobile (2), the second mobile (2) being immobilized in the first position when it bears on the first stop (4.1). ) and that his finger (2.2.3) adjoins the inner wall (1.2.1.1) of the skirt (1.2.1) and being immobilized in the second position when it rests on the second stop (4.2) and that its finger (2.2.3) adjoins the outer wall (1.2. 1.2) of said skirt (1.2.1). The device is distinguished by the fact that it comprises at least one securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) arranged on the second mobile (2) and oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said finger (2.2.3). The present invention also relates to a bi-functional dart (2.2) having such a safety and guidance surface (2.2.4) in a locking and securing device according to the invention, a clockwork escapement equipped with such a dart, respectively of such a device, as well as a timepiece comprising a stinger, a locking and securing device, respectively a watch exhaust as proposed.
    公开号:CH712288A1
    申请号:CH00394/16
    申请日:2016-03-22
    公开日:2017-09-29
    发明作者:Vardi Ilan；Henein Simon；Mathez Olivier；Philippine Thibaut
    申请人:Société Anonyme De La Mft D'horlogerie Audemars Piguet & Cie；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a device for locking and securing a timepiece, in particular for integration into a clockwork escapement, the device comprising a first mobile rotating about an axis and being capable of immobilizing a second mobile in a first or a second position defined respectively by a first and a second stop against which the said second mobile is supported, the first mobile being a circular plate surrounded by a skirt having internal walls and external, said skirt having a notch arranged to be traversed by a finger fixed on the second mobile, the second mobile being immobilized in the first position when it is in abutment on the first stop and that its finger adjoins the inner wall of the skirt and being immobilized in the second position when it is resting on the second stop e his finger adjoins the outer wall of said skirt. The invention also relates to a dart adapted to be integrated in such a locking and securing device and a watch exhaust comprising the dart and / or locking device and securing.
    A locking device of the kind mentioned above was developed by the applicant of the present patent application in the year 2000 and is described in detail in the specification of the European patent EP 1 122 617 whose content is incorporated herein by reference. In order to facilitate understanding of the context of the present invention without literally repeating the entirety of the technical instruction of said European patent, it should be noted that the central interest of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 is to render industrially exploitable Robin escapements. STATE OF THE PRIOR ART [0003] Indeed, the vast majority of clock escapements used in wristwatches having a mechanical movement are Swiss anchor escapements. Those skilled in the art are perfectly familiar with the components and the operation of this type of escapement, which is why the structure, operation, and the corresponding nomenclature will not be repeated at this point, this information being also exposed in the same way. European patent specification EP 1 122 617, in particular in its introduction. Similarly, the skilled person knows that a Swiss lever escapement is usually equipped with a piece called "dart" to avoid what is known in the watch industry under the name "reversal" of the anchor that results in the immediate stop of the balance, respectively of the corresponding timepiece. Without a stinger, an overturning of the anchor of such an escapement may occur during certain phases of its operation, namely while the pendulum is traversing its supplementary bow and the anchor is positioned against one or other of the limiting abutments, for example following a shock that separates the anchor from its target position and brings it prematurely against the other limiting abutment, so that the ankle of the large plate of the balance will no longer meet the entrance but accidentally encounters the back of one of the two horns of the fork of the anchor, resulting in the immediate stop of the balance. Using a dart helps to avoid this problem. The "Illustrated Professional Dictionary of Watchmaking" published by the Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry specifies that a dart is a "small metal pin fixed in the stud at the end of the fork of the anchor escapement. The dart works with the platform carried by the axis of the balance. Its function is to prevent the accidental movements of the fork, during the additional oscillation arc of the balance wheel. "[0004] The use of a conventional dart according to the definition of said illustrated professional watch dictionary is not possible only in anchor escapements having an angular excursion of the anchor sufficiently large. As explained in detail in European patent EP 1 122 617, however, this is not the case in Robin escapements that have a much smaller angular excursion of the anchor. The principles of a Robin escapement having been known since 1791, they will not be repeated here either, but - to facilitate the understanding of the present invention as well as its context - it is recalled that it is a question of a direct impulse escapement, unlike the Swiss lever escapements mentioned above, which belong to the family of indirect impulse escapements in which the impulse is transmitted from the escapement wheel to the pendulum via the anchor . In a direct impulse exhaust, such as the Robin exhaust, the impulse is transmitted directly by the escapement wheel to the balance, which has a number of advantages. In addition, the fact that the escapement disturbs the pendulum to a lesser extent is taken into account since there is only one pulse per oscillation period, respectively that the escapement has what the skilled person known under the name "blow lost", that is to say a half-oscillation without impulse. A direct impulse escapement also has a better efficiency due to the direct transmission of the impulse of the escapement wheel to the balance, without passing through an additional component such as the anchor which causes a loss of pressure. 'efficiency. In addition, because the pulse is made along a direction that is orthogonal to the line connecting the centers of the escape wheel and the balance and the absence of a pulse transmitted to the anchor level, the friction during the pulse and the risk of over-steering are reduced, which eliminates the need for lubrication. Moreover, the fact that there is a blow allows a precise adjustment of the position of the single pulse by oscillation with respect to the neutral point, which is not possible in escapements with Swiss anchor having two pulses per period of oscillation, since adjustment of the positioning of the pulse before or after the dead point in a half-oscillation results in a maladjustment of the positioning of the pulse in the other half-oscillation. All these advantages result in a better accuracy and a higher autonomy of the direct impulse exhausts in comparison with indirect impulse exhausts, reason why the industrial exploitability of the direct impulse exhausts, in particular of the Robin type exhausts, is interesting for the watch industry.
    The invention according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 allowed, as mentioned above, to make commercially exploitable type Robin escapements and integrate them into wristwatches by providing a locking device that fulfills the same function as a conventional dart but which is usable, unlike a conventional dart, also in the case of an angular excursion of the anchor smaller than in the Swiss anchor escapements. As explained in detail in the European patent EP 1 122 617, such a locking device replaces the conventional dart cooperating with a notch of the small plateau of the balance, in short, by a modified dart on its end facing the balance where it has a finger adapted to cooperate with a skirt mounted on a circular plate of the balance and having inner and outer walls, said skirt having a notch arranged to be traversed by said finger. In other words, the simple pin formed by the conventional dart and the corresponding indentation of the small plate of the balance, working only in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the balance, have been replaced by a finger mounted orthogonally to the direction of longitudinal extension of the modified dart and the inner and outer walls of said skirt including its notch, these parts having a more complex geometry and working both in the plane perpendicular - that parallel to the axis of the balance. This measure allows the use of such a locking device also in combination with direct impulse exhausts, in particular Robin type, and has allowed the applicant of the present patent application, since the year 2000, series production and the commercialization of Robin type exhausts.
    The years of experience on the part of the applicant in production and use of Robin type escapements in mechanical wristwatches have shown that there is still a potential to improve these exhausts whose production remains relatively complicated as well as expensive and which are normally reserved for integration in very high-end timepieces such as wristwatches equipped with a chronograph mechanism. In particular, it would be desirable to improve the operational safety of these exhausts, in particular when the finger is released from said dart outside the skirt, as well as to further facilitate industrial production in series. In addition, despite the generally very good operation of a Robin-type escapement equipped with a locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617, there are a few constellations where a collision between the stinger finger and said skirt of this locking device may occur, as will be discussed in more detail later.
    OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0007] The object of the present invention is to remedy, at least partially, the disadvantages mentioned above and to reinforce a locking and securing device of the type described in the European patent EP 1 122 617 while guaranteeing feasibility in terms of industrial production. It is also an object of the present invention to provide this device with a robust construction and as simple as possible as well as reliable in use. The device should be suitable for integration into a Robin type escapement but should allow its use also in other similar clock mechanisms. Another object of the present invention is to provide a modified dart adapted to be integrated in such a locking and securing device and an exhaust comprising this type of device.
    To this end, the present invention provides a locking and securing device of the aforementioned type which is distinguished by the features set forth in claim 8. In particular, this device comprises at least one safety and guidance surface arranged on the second mobile and oriented in a direction substantially opposite said finger to secure said second mobile during the operating phase of the device during which the finger attached to the second mobile through the notch of said skirt of the first mobile. In the context of the preferred application of this device in an anchor escapement, in particular a direct-impulse escapement of the Robin type, this securing and guiding surface is arranged and positioned so as to be, during the impulse phase the balance wheel by the escape wheel, located tangentially at the outer periphery of the path of the escape wheel of said exhaust. The securing and guiding surface may be made in one piece with said second mobile or a separate part mounted on a portion of said second mobile oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said finger. In addition, said securing and guiding surface may be made so that its angular orientation is adjustable, and / or be made of a material of low friction and low wear, such as ruby.
    By these measures, the safety surface and guide is likely to come into contact with the escape wheel to secure the anchor avoiding it back, for example because of an inadvertent movement. to a shock on the wristwatch, on the trajectory of the escape wheel. Simultaneously, the notch in the skirt on the first mobile can be enlarged to avoid any collision between the inner and outer walls of said skirt and said finger fixed on the second mobile when the finger passes through said notch during operation of the device. Thus, a floating of the anchor during the impulse phase of the balance wheel by the escape wheel can be avoided. At the same time, the operation of this type of escapement is further improved because the constellations where a collision between said finger and said skirt of said locking device can occur are eliminated. In addition, such a safety and guidance surface can be provided on a stinger, the latter being able to be integrated also in other types of anchor escapements, so that the invention can be applied to several types of timepieces.
    Other features, as well as the corresponding advantages, will become apparent from the dependent claims, as well as from the description which sets forth the invention in more detail.
    Description of Drawings [0011] The accompanying drawings show schematically and by way of example several embodiments of the invention.
    The series of figs. 1 to 1 j schematically illustrates by views from above the main operating phases of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617.
    The series of figs. 2a to 2j schematically illustrates by views from below the operating phases of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 shown in FIGS. 1a to 1d.
    Fig. 3a shows the locking device according to European Patent EP 1,122,617 during the pulse phase, when the operation of the device is proceeding normally; fig. 3b shows the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 during the pulse phase, when the operation of the device is abnormal and may lead to a collision between the dart and the skirt of the small plate of the balance.
    Fig. 4a shows the locking and securing device according to the present invention during the pulse phase, when the operation of the device proceeds normally; fig. 4b shows the locking and securing device according to the present invention in the pulse phase, when the operation of the device takes place abnormally and a secured and guiding surface arranged on the dart secures the anchor, preventing it from returning on the path of the escape wheel.
    The series of figs. 5a to 5j schematically illustrates by views from above the main operating phases of the locking and securing device according to the present invention.
    The series of figs. 6a to 6j schematically illustrates by views from below the operating phases of the locking and securing device according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 5a to 5j.
    Detailed Description of the Invention [0012] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating by way of example an embodiment of the invention.
    The present invention relates to a locking and securing device intended to be integrated into a timepiece, preferably in a wristwatch. For reasons of simplification of the language used, we will speak indifferently later of "timepiece" and "watch", without wanting to limit the scope of corresponding explanations that extend to any type of timepieces . In particular, a locking and securing device according to the present invention is intended to be integrated in a direct impulse escapement, in particular in exhausts of the type described in European Patent EP 1 122 617. So that the following description Only this case will be described in detail, a use of the device in combination with other types of exhausts is possible, the following explanations extending by analogy to any type of anchor escapement.
    To better understand the context of the present invention, the following description will briefly recall the structure and operation of a locking device according to European Patent EP 1 122 617. Since the anchor escapements in general and the direct impulse exhaust described in European Patent EP 1,122,617 are known to those skilled in the art, this part of the description will be limited as far as possible to the context-related facts of the present invention. Similarly, the nomenclature used in European Patent EP 1 122 617 will be used, as far as possible, also in the present description.
    FIG. 1a is a top view of the locking device according to European Patent EP 1 122 617 and FIG. 2a is a bottom view of the device, integrated in a Robin-type escapement, all parts of the device being in the same position in these two figures. Figs. 3a and 3b show enlarged views from above, respectively from below of this device, the parts of the device being in these figures in another position. However, this has no influence on the understanding of the structure of the device and these figures make it easy to see that the locking device comprises, in generic terms, a first mobile 1 and a second mobile 2. The first mobile 1 rotates around an axis 1.1 and is capable of immobilizing the second mobile 2 in a first or a second position defined respectively by a first - and a second stop 4.1, 4.2 against which is supported said second mobile 2. The first mobile 1 is made by a plate, respectively by a circular plate 1.2 surrounded by a skirt 1.2.1 having internal walls 1.2.1.1 and external 1.2.1.2, said skirt 1.2.1 having a notch 1.2.1.3 arranged to be traversed by a finger 2.2.3 fixed on the second mobile 2. The second mobile 2 can, as explained in more detail in the European patent EP 1 122 617 which is referred to with respect to this point, be rectely movable, so that its finger 2.2.3 always moves radially to the first rotating mobile 1, this configuration not being illustrated in the figures, or be provided with an angular movement being articulated around a pivot center 2.1, the pivot center 2.1 being chosen so that its finger 2.2.3 also moves substantially radially to the first rotating wheel 1 when it passes through the notch 1.2.1.3 of said skirt 1.2.1. These two variants being equivalent to the functional level for the present invention, it is only this latter configuration which will be described in detail later and which is illustrated in the figures. In all cases, the second mobile 2 is immobilized in the first position when it bears on the first stop 4.1 and that its finger 2.2.3 adjoins the inner wall 1.2.1.1 of the skirt 1.2.1 and it is is immobilized in the second position when it rests on the second stop 4.2 and 2.2.3 his finger adjoins the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of said skirt 1.2.1. For further structural details of this device, reference is made to European Patent EP 1,122,617.
    The skilled person knowing this device typically in the context of an integration in an anchor escapement, despite the fact that other horological applications are possible, the operation of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 will shortly be explained briefly for the case of its application in a direct impulse type Robin exhaust, this case forming the subject of claims 4 and 5 of said patent. For this purpose, reference is made to the series of fig. 1 a to 1 j and 2a to 2j which illustrate, schematically and at each position by views from above and from below, ten main operating phases of a Robin type exhaust equipped with the locking device according to the European patent EP 1,122,617, each phase being illustrated at the beginning of the corresponding movement. In this case, the pendulum of the exhaust serves as the first mobile rotating 1 and the anchor serves as the second mobile 2. In Figs. 1a to 1j and 2a to 2j, the balance 1 is not illustrated in full, but represented by the small circular plate 1.2 girdle of a skirt 1.2.1 which is coaxially secured to the axis 1.1 of the balance 1, the latter still carrying the large plate which is not illustrated in the figures, which is also coaxially integral with the axis 1.1, and which is equipped with a pulse pallet 1.3 and a pin 1.4. Furthermore, the anchor 2 pivotally mounted around the pivot center 2.1 has a dart 2.2 as described in the European patent EP 1 122 617 carrying said finger 2.2.3 of the anchor 2, a fork 2.3 cooperating with said pin 1.4, as well as entry pallets 2.4, respectively output 2.5 cooperating with the escape wheel 3. The latter also cooperates with said pulse pallet 1.3 to directly transmit a pulse to the pendulum 1. The nomenclature used above and the usual function of these parts in an anchor escapement are known to those skilled in the art.
    Figs. 1a and 2a show a Robin type exhaust equipped with the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617, seen from above and from below, during the phase commonly called "entry clearance" where a tooth of the wheel of Exhaust 3 rests on the pallet of entry 2.4 of the anchor 2, so that the escape wheel 3 can not turn. The rocker 1 is at the beginning of its half oscillation in the counterclockwise direction, seen from above according to FIG. 1a, the ankle 1.4 on its large plate beginning to engage the fork 2.3 of the anchor 2 to push the latter, which was immobilized in the first position because in support of the first stop 4.1 and its finger 2.2.3 adjoining the inner wall 1.2.1.1 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small plate of the balance 1, clockwise, seen from above, so as to release the pallet of entry 2.4 of the anchor 2 of the tooth of the exhaust wheel 3 resting on it. This movement is made possible by the rotation of the balance 1 which takes the notch 1.2.1.3 arranged in said skirt 1.2.1 in a position allowing the finger 2.2.3 to pass through, so that the finger 2.2.3 passes in the following steps, from the inner wall 1.2.1.1 to the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of the skirt 1.2.1, as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 2a to 2d. The movements of the different pieces are symbolized in the series of fig. 1a to 1j and 2a to 2j by corresponding arrows.
    Figs. 1 b and 2b show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "impulse drop" where the dowel 1.4 on the large plate of the balance 1 has pushed the anchor 2 far enough so that the tooth of the escape wheel 3 having previously rested on the pallet of entry rest 2.4 of the anchor 2 is released, so that the escape wheel 3 rotates, under the effect of the force of driving the spring of the cylinder transmitted by the gear of the corresponding timepiece, clockwise, always seen from above.
    Figs. 1e and 2c show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "pulse" where the escape wheel 3 has rotated, under the effect of the driving force of the spring of the cylinder, until at the point where one of its teeth touches the pulse pallet 1.3 fixed on the large plate of the balance 1, so as to directly transmit a pulse to the balance 1 to maintain its oscillation. During this movement, the pin 1.4 on the large plate of the balance 1 continues to push the anchor 2 clockwise.
    Figs. 1d and 2d show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "fall of entry" where the anchor 2 has rotated sufficiently clockwise so that the exit pallet 2.5 of the anchor 2 has entered the trajectory of the teeth of the escape wheel 3. The latter then continues its rotation until one of its teeth engages with said release rest pallet 2.5 of the anchor 2 , the escape wheel 3 then being stopped again, while the rocker 1 and the anchor 2 continue their half-oscillation in the counterclockwise direction, respectively clockwise pivoting, seen from above.
    Figs. 1st and 2nd show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "lost path of entry" where the escape wheel 3 is actually stopped, one of its teeth resting on the pallet of rest of exit 2.5 of the anchor 2, while the rocker 1 and the anchor 2 still continue their half-oscillation in the counterclockwise direction, respectively clockwise rotation, seen from above.
    Figs. 1f and 2f show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "rest of exit" where the escape wheel 3 is always stopped by the exit pallet of exit 2.5 of the anchor 2, the latter now being immobilized in the second position because it bears on the second stop 4.2 and its finger 2.2.3 adjacent to the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small plate of the balance 1. The balance 1 in turn is in the neutral position of its half oscillation in the anti-clockwise direction.
    Figs. 1g and 2g show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "exit clearance" where, at the beginning of this stage of operation, a tooth of the escape wheel 3 rests on the pallet of rest 2.4 of the anchor 2, so that the escape wheel 3 can not yet rotate. The rocker 1 is at the beginning of its half-oscillation clockwise, seen from above according to FIG. 1 g, the ankle 1.4 on its large plate beginning to engage the fork 2.3 of the anchor 2 in the other direction to push the latter, which was - as mentioned above - immobilized in the second position because in support on the second stop 4.2 and its finger 2.2.3 adjoining the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small plate of the balance 1, in the counterclockwise direction, seen from above, so as to clear the pallet of rest output 2.5 of the anchor 2 of the tooth of the escape wheel 3 resting on it. This movement is made possible by the rotation of the balance 1 which takes the notch 1.2.1.3 arranged in said skirt 1.2.1 in a position allowing the finger 2.2.3 to pass through, so that the finger 2.2.3 returns during the following steps, from the outer wall 1.2.1.2 to the inner wall 1.2.1.1 of the skirt 1.2.1, as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 2g to 2d.
    Figs. 1h and 2h show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "dropout" where the 1.4 peg on the large plate of the balance 1 pushed the anchor 2 far enough so that the tooth of the escape wheel 3 having previously rested on the pallet of exit of output 2.5 of the anchor 2 is released, so that the escape wheel 3 turns, under the effect of the driving force of the spring the barrel transmitted by the gear of the corresponding timepiece, clockwise, seen from above. During this movement, the rocker 1 continues its half-oscillation in the clockwise direction and the dowel 1.4 on the large plate of the rocker 1 continues to push the anchor 2 in the counter-clockwise direction, so that the pallet of rest 2.4 of the anchor 2 again enters the trajectory of the teeth of the escape wheel 3. The latter then continues its rotation until one of its teeth engages with said rest pallet d 2.4 input of the anchor 2, the escape wheel 3 then being stopped again. During this phase, the escape wheel 3 does not transmit a pulse to the balance 1, because the pulse pallet 1.3 is arranged and placed in such a way on the large plate that it is not touched by the teeth of the escape wheel 3 when the rocker 1 performs its half oscillation in the clockwise direction.
    Figs. 1 i and 2i show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "lost path of exit" where the escape wheel 3 is actually stopped, one of its teeth resting on the pallet of rest of 2.4 input of the anchor 2, while the balance 1 and the anchor 2 continue their half-oscillation clockwise, respectively the pivoting in the counterclockwise direction, seen from above.
    Figs. 1j and 2j show the exhaust, seen from above and from below, during the phase called "rest of entry" where the escape wheel 3 is always stopped by the pallet of rest of entry 2.4 of the anchor 2 , the latter being again immobilized in the first position for bearing on the first stop 4.1 and its finger 2.2.3 adjacent to the inner wall 1.2.1.1 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small plate of the balance 1. The balance 1 to its turn is at the dead point of its half oscillation in the clockwise direction, ready to start a new oscillation cycle again, so that the steps described above are repeated.
    FIG. 3a shows an enlarged view of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 during the pulse phase, when the operation of the device is proceeding normally. Indeed, the rotation of the balance 1, respectively of the small plate 1.2 integral with the axis 1.1 of the balance, takes the notch 1.2.1.3 arranged in said skirt 1.2.1 in a position allowing the finger 2.2.3 located on the sting 2.2 of the anchor 2 to cross it, so that the finger 2.2.3 passes, during the impulse phase or shortly before, the inner wall 1.2.1.1 to the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of the skirt 1.2.1. In certain unfavorable combinations of mechanical tolerances or because of other external factors, it is possible that a collision between the 2.2.3 finger of the stinger 2.2 and said skirt 1.2.1 of this locking device takes place. This situation is illustrated by way of example in FIG. 3b showing the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 during the pulse phase, when the operation is abnormal and may lead to a collision between the 2.2.3 finger of the stinger 2.2 and the skirt 1.2.1 of the small plate 1.2 of the pendulum 1.
    The present invention avoids these disadvantages by providing a locking and securing device which, in addition to the elements of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617, also comprises at least one safety surface and 2.2.4 guidance arranged - using the generic terminology of said patent - on the second mobile 2 and oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said finger 2.2.3, this to secure said second mobile 2 during the operating phase of the device during which the finger 2.2.3 fixed on the second mobile 2 passes through the notch 1.2.1.3 of said skirt 1.2.1 of the first mobile 1. Simultaneously, the notch 1.2.1.3 in the skirt 1.2.1 can be enlarged.
    Returning to the case of the application of this locking device and securing in a type Robin exhaust, FIG. 4a shows, in analogy to FIG. 3a, an enlarged view of this locking and securing device integrated in a Robin-type escapement, especially during the pulse phase, when the operation of the device is proceeding normally. It is clear from this figure that said safety and guiding surface 2.2.4 is arranged and positioned so as to be, during the momentum phase of the balance 1 by the escape wheel 3, located tangentially at the outer periphery of the trajectory of the escape wheel 3 of the exhaust, so as to be able to come into contact with said escape wheel 3, which makes it possible to secure the anchor 2 by preventing it from returning, following an inadvertent movement on the path of the escape wheel 3. Thus, the movement of the anchor 2 is restricted in a desired manner during a specific phase of the operation of the locking device and securing respectively the exhaust with the aid of said security and guidance surface 2.2.4 whose geometry can be adapted according to the needs according to the concrete application case. For example, FIG. 4b shows the locking and securing device according to the present invention in the pulse phase of the Robin type escapement of FIG. 4a, when the operation of the device takes place abnormally and that said securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 secures the anchor 2 of the exhaust avoiding, via a contact between a tooth of the wheel of 3 and the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4, the anchor 2 returns to the path of the escape wheel 3.
    It is also apparent from FIGS. 4a and 4b that the notch 1.2.1.3 in the skirt 1.2.1 of the locking and securing device according to the present invention is enlarged relative to the notch of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617. Indeed , the length of the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 is chosen so that the second mobile, respectively the anchor 2, is secured by this surface during a precise phase of its movement, namely when the finger 2.2 .3 passes through the notch 1.2.1.3 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the first mobile 1, so that it is possible to remove a corresponding portion of said skirt 1.2.1 which provided the same function. Securing the second mobile, respectively the anchor 2, thus being distributed over two separate parts, namely the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 and the skirt 1.2.1, it is important to determine their respective sizes and shapes of consistent way, respectively to match them. In addition, said safety and guiding surface 2.2.4 can be arranged to have a contact plane having a shape able to print a predefined movement to said second mobile, respectively to the anchor 2 of the exhaust, so as to restoring said second mobile, respectively the anchor 2, on its ideal trajectory following a disturbance. Preferably, said securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 has for this purpose a slightly inclined, curved, or concave shape, so as to be able to be in a concentric position to the escape wheel when there is contact between said escape wheel and said surface. The exact shape also depends on the needs according to the concrete application case, but in general it should be chosen so as to depart slightly from the shape of the trajectory of the part from which the second mobile should be moved. Thus, in the example illustrated in the figures, the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 may have a curvature slightly greater than the shape of the trajectory of the teeth of the escape wheel 3, since the surface of the Securing and guiding 2.2.4 is normally located tangentially at the outer periphery of the trajectory of this escape wheel 3, so that a contact between one of the teeth of the escape wheel 3 and the contact plane of the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 makes it possible to transmit a slight impulse to the anchor 2 in order to guide it on its ideal trajectory. The safety and guiding surface 2.2.4 then acts as a means of securing and a role of guiding means.
    As regards more particularly the embodiment of said securing and guiding surface 2.2.4, it can be manufactured in one piece with said second mobile 2 or by a separate part mounted either directly or on another part of said second mobile 2 oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said finger 2.2.3. Moreover, in the case where this securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 is made by a separate part, the angular orientation of said securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 can be made in an adjustable manner, for example using fastening screw for the separate part forming the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4, providing adjustment notches, or by other similar measures. Preferably, the locking and securing device according to the present invention comprises a dart 2.2 fixed on the second mobile 2 and carrying said finger 2.2.3 which is formed by a pin forming a first end 2.2.1 of the dart 2.2, said surface securing and guiding 2.2.4 the locking device and securing being in this case performed by a securing surface and guiding the dart 2.2.
    Apart from the presence of the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 on the second mobile 2 and the enlargement of the notch 1.2.1.3 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the first mobile 1 including their effects described above in the context of FIGS. 4a and 4b, the structure and operation of the locking and securing device according to the present invention are identical to those of the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617. This applies in particular as regards the normal operation of the device , since the safety and guiding surface 2.2.4 only plays an active role when an abnormal situation occurs, by securing the second mobile against any unwanted movement during certain phases of operation. Therefore, all the explanations given above in the context of the series of fig. 1 a to 1 j and 2a to 2j are fully valid for the operation of the locking and securing device according to the present invention. It is not necessary to repeat these explanations here, but they apply by analogy to the series of fig. 5a to 5j and 6a to 6j which schematically illustrate, by top views, respectively by views from below, the same main operating phases of the locking and securing device according to the present invention, integrated into an exhaust type Robin, that the series of fig. 1a to 1j and 2a to 2j.
    In view of the arrangement and operation of the device described above, the skilled person understands that the present invention relates not only to such a locking device and securing, but also a bifunctional dart likely to be integrated in an anchor watch escapement comprising a rocker 1, an anchor 2, and an escape wheel 3. If a conventional dart 2.2 does not include, as is apparent from the definition repeated above in the introduction of this timepiece known for a long time, a pin forming a first end 2.2.1 adapted to cooperate with a plate 1.2 carried by an axis 1.1 of the balance 1 of an escapement anchor, a dart 2.2 according to the present invention comprises in at least one safety and guiding surface 2.2.4 arranged on a second end 2.2.2 of the dart 2.2 oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said first end 2.2.1 of the stinger 2.2. Therefore, instead of working only on one side, with the small plate 1.2 of the balance 1 as known to those skilled in the art, a dart 2.2 according to the present invention also works on the other side, in this case with the escape wheel 3, so as to become, in an unusual way for the skilled person, a bi-directional dart, or even bi-functional.
    In the case of the preferred application and illustrated in the accompanying figures of this dart 2.2 in the context of a locking and securing device integrated into a Robin-type exhaust, said safety and guidance surface 2.2.4 2.2 dart is arranged and positioned so as to be, during the pulse phase of the balance 1 by the escape wheel 3, located tangentially at the outer periphery of the path of the escape wheel 3 of the exhaust, so as to be able to come into contact with said escape wheel 3 in order to secure the anchor 2 by preventing it from returning, following an inadvertent movement, on the trajectory of the escape wheel 3. Nevertheless, it is obviously possible to adapt the arrangement of this stinger 2.2 to any type of anchor escapement, without it being necessary or possible to evoke all the cases and all the corresponding details. s here. As already mentioned in the description of the locking and securing device according to the present invention, it is possible to make said securing surface 2.2.4 of the stinger 2.2 in one piece with the stinger 2.2 or to make it by a separate piece mounted on said second end 2.2.2 of the dart 2.2. Again, in the latter case, the angular orientation of said securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 can be arranged to be adjustable. Furthermore, said securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 of the stinger 2.2, respectively of the locking and securing device according to the present invention may, advantageously, be made of a material of low friction and low wear, preferably in rubies, or in conventional materials by adding surface treatments to reduce the wear of the teeth of the escape wheel 3. This wear is, on the one hand, anyway distributed on all its teeth of the wheel 3 and, on the other hand, should not be significantly influenced by the securing and guiding surface 2.2.4, since the latter acts on the escape wheel 3 only in case abnormal functioning, which should only happen infrequently. A stinger 2.2 according to the present invention, capable of being integrated into any type of anchor escapement, may also have a securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 which has a shape able to print a predefined movement to said anchor 2 of the anchor escapement, so as to put said anchor 2 on its ideal trajectory following a disturbance, preferably an inclined, curved, or concave shape. The explanations above on this subject also apply by analogy to a dart 2.2.
    In addition, the present invention is also directed to an anchor watch escapement comprising a rocker 1, an anchor 2, an escape wheel 3, and a dart 2.2, the dart 2.2 having a pin forming a first end 2.2 .1 able to cooperate with a plate 1.2 carried by an axis 1.1 of the balance 1 of said anchor escapement, in which this stinger is replaced by a stinger 2.2 as described above and / or which comprises a locking and securing device according to the present invention. Preferably, it is a direct impulse escapement, in which the escape wheel 3 transmits the impulse directly to the pendulum 1, in particular a Robin type direct impulse escapement. The present invention is also directed to any timepiece, preferably a wristwatch, which comprises a dart 2.2, a locking and securing device, and / or watch escapement according to the present invention. Preferably, it is a wristwatch having a chronograph mechanism in which the advantages of a direct impulse exhaust can be exploited particularly advantageously.
    Thus, the solution according to the present invention to the drawbacks mentioned in the introduction by providing the locking and securing device of a securing and guiding surface 2.2.4 and correspondingly reducing the notch 1.2.1.3 of the skirt 1.2.1 makes it possible to secure the second mobile, respectively the anchor 2, that is to say in the context of an application of the device to an anchor escapement to avoid an excessive floating anchor 2 during the pulse phase of the balance 1 by the escape wheel 3, while enlarging the notch in said skirt of the locking device and securing. In addition, the constellations where a collision between said finger of the second mobile and said skirt of the first mobile of this locking device could potentially occur are eliminated. For these reasons, the present invention makes it possible, by integrating this improved locking and securing device into a Robin type direct impulse exhaust, to further facilitate its serial industrial production as well as to simultaneously improve the operation of this device. exhaust type. Furthermore, the proposed construction consisting mainly of the integration of at least one safety and guidance surface is simple and robust and reliable during operation of the device. Since such a safety surface and mistletoe
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    can be provided on a conventional dart, it can also be integrated in other types of anchor escapements, so that the invention can be applied flexibly to several types of timepieces, preference in mechanical wristwatches, especially in wristwatches equipped with a chronograph or split-seconds mechanism. claims
    1. Bi-functional sting capable of being integrated into an anchor watch escapement comprising a rocker (1), an anchor (2), and an escape wheel (3), the stinger (2.2) comprising a pin forming a first end (2.2.1) adapted to cooperate with a plate (1.2) carried by an axis (1.1) of the balance (1) of said anchor escapement, characterized in that it comprises at least one securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) arranged on a second end (2.2.2) of the stinger (2.2) oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said first end (2.2.1) of the stinger (2.2).
    [2]
    2. Two-function stagger according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is arranged and positioned so as to be, during the impulse phase of the pendulum (1) by the escape wheel (3), at the outer periphery of the trajectory of the escape wheel (3) of said anchor escapement, so as to be able to come into contact with said escape wheel (3) in order to securing the anchor (2) by preventing it from returning, following an inadvertent movement, on the path of the escape wheel (3).
    [3]
    3. Bi-functional sting according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is made in one piece with the stinger (2.2).
    [4]
    4. bi-functional sting according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 2, characterized in that said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is formed by a separate piece mounted on said second end (2.2.2) sting (2.2).
    [5]
    5. Bi-functional sting according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the angular orientation of said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is adjustable.
    [6]
    6. Bi-functional stalk according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is made of a material of low friction and low wear, preferably ruby.
    [7]
    7. bi-functional sting according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said safety and guidance surface (2.2.4) has a shape adapted to print a predefined movement to said anchor (2) of the exhaust anchor, so as to return said anchor (2) on its ideal path following a disturbance, preferably an inclined, curved, or concave.
    [8]
    8. Locking and securing device for a timepiece, in particular for integration into a clockwork escapement comprising a balance wheel, an anchor, and an escape wheel, the device comprising a first mobile (1) and a second mobile (2 ), the first mobile (1) rotating about an axis (1.1) and being able to immobilize the second mobile (2) in a first or a second position defined respectively by a first and a second stop (4.1, 4.2 against which said second mobile (2) bears, the first mobile (1) being a circular plate (1.2) surrounded by a skirt (1.2.1) having inner (1.2.1.1) and outer (1.2.1) walls. .1.2), said skirt (1.2.1) having a notch (1.2.1.3) arranged to be traversed by a finger (2.2.3) fixed on the second mobile (2), the second mobile (2) being immobilized in the first position when it is resting on the first stop (4.1) and that its finger (2.2.3) adjoins the inner wall (1.2.1.1) of the skirt (1.2.1) and is immobilized in the second position when it bears against the second stop (4.2) and its finger (2.2 .3) adjoins the outer wall (1.2.1.2) of said skirt (1.2.1), characterized in that the device comprises at least one securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) arranged on the second mobile (2 ) and oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said finger (2.2.3) in order to secure said second mobile (2) during the operating phase of the device during which the finger (2.2.3) fixed on the second mobile (2) passes through the notch (1.2.1.3) of said skirt (1.2.1) of the first mobile (1).
    [9]
    9. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is arranged and positioned so as to be, during the pulse phase of the balance (1) by the wheel d the exhaust (3) at the outer periphery of the path of the escape wheel (3) of said exhaust, so as to be able to come into contact with said escape wheel (3) in order to secure the anchor ( 2) by preventing it from returning, following an untimely movement, on the path of the escape wheel (3).
    [10]
    10. Device according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 9, characterized in that said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is made in one piece with said second mobile (2) or by a separate part mounted on a part of said second mobile (2) oriented in a direction substantially opposite to said finger (2.2.3).
    [11]
    11. Device according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the angular orientation of said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) is adjustable.
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 11, characterized in that it comprises a dart (2.2) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, the finger (2.2.3) fixed on the second mobile (2) the locking and securing device being formed by said pin forming a first end (2.2.1) of the stinger (2.2) and said securing and guiding surface (2.2.4) of the locking and securing device being performed by the securing and guiding surface of the dart (2.2).
    [13]
    13. An anchor watch escapement comprising a rocker (1), an anchor (2), an escape wheel (3), and a stinger (2.2), the stinger (2.2) having a pin forming a first end (2.2. 1) adapted to cooperate with a plate (1.2) carried by an axis (1.1) of the balance (1) of said anchor escapement, characterized in that it comprises a dart (2.2) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7 and / or a locking and securing device according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 12.
    [14]
    14. watch exhaust according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a direct impulse escapement, the escape wheel (3) transmitting the pulse directly to the pendulum (1).
    [15]
    15. Timepiece, preferably wristwatch, characterized in that it comprises a dart (2.2) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, a locking and securing device according to one of the preceding claims. 8 to 12, and / or watch exhaust according to one of the preceding claims 13 to 14.
    [16]
    16. Timepiece according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is a chronograph or split-seconds watch.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH712288B1|2020-06-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US443165A|1890-12-23|Balance-escapement |
    DE565454C|1932-12-01|Lip Sa|Anchor escapement with tangential safety pins|
    US1416528A|1920-02-10|1922-05-16|Trost Edward|Escapement mechanism|
    CH163598A|1932-10-10|1933-08-31|Colomb Henri|Anchor bridge.|
    CH166536A|1933-01-26|1934-01-15|Buser Freres & Co Societe Anon|Anchor escapement and method for its manufacture.|
    US2542178A|1949-07-22|1951-02-20|Bishop Jason Glenn|Safety roller mechanism for use in watch movement escapes|
    FR1022450A|1950-06-22|1953-03-04|Far Fab Assortiments Reunies|anchor escapement|
    EP1879085A1|2006-07-14|2008-01-16|Manufacture et fabrique de montres et chronomètres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA|Escapement|CN110531603A|2018-05-25|2019-12-03|钟表制作有限公司|The automatic Detent escapement started with protection for clock and watch|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00394/16A|CH712288B1|2016-03-22|2016-03-22|Bi-functional dart, locking and securing device for a timepiece, and watch escapement.|CH00394/16A| CH712288B1|2016-03-22|2016-03-22|Bi-functional dart, locking and securing device for a timepiece, and watch escapement.|
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