• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a measuring device (200) for measuring the stickiness, imperfections and impurities in textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, this device comprising a housing inside which a pair of rollers are arranged (203a, 203b) arranged side by side and rotating in opposite directions and between which a web of cotton fibers is passed, heating means for heating the rollers (203a, 203b), detection means (205a, 205b) for the detection of the sticky fractions of the web adhering to the rollers after the passage of the web between them, removal means (206a, 206b) for the removal from the rollers (203a, 203b) of the sticky fractions adhering to them, in which the operation of the heating means is controlled by a processing and control unit according to the temperature of the rollers detected by temperature sensor means associated with them.
    公开号:CH711757B1
    申请号:CH01449/16
    申请日:2016-10-28
    公开日:2020-03-31
    发明作者:Righettini Antonio；Musesti Marco；Pace Giuseppe
    申请人:Mesdan Spa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention refers to a measuring device for measuring the stickiness ("cotton stickiness"), imperfections and impurities of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers.
    [0002] Devices of this type are known for example from US 5 752 294 and are used as stand-alone equipment or as modules integrated in structured and configured modular equipment to perform a plurality of measurements of a plurality of characteristics suitable for qualifying the fibers of cotton according to criteria defined by classifications recognized nationally or internationally.
    [0003] In known devices, the stickiness of the cotton fibers, which is due to physiological, structural, cultivation and harvesting factors, is measured by advancing a web of fibers between a pair of rollers heated to a temperature such as to to promote the adhesion on their external lateral surface of the sticky fractions of the fibers. The rollers are generally heated to a temperature close to 38-40 ° C which has been experimentally found to be the one that best overcomes the problems that arise during the carding phase, although the latter is carried out at room temperature.
    Detection means are arranged downstream of these rollers, for example of the optical type and, in particular, by laser, for detecting the sticky fractions which remain adhered to the external lateral surface of the rollers.
    [0005] Furthermore, removal means are provided which are capable of removing the sticky fractions adhering to it from the external lateral surface of the rollers, before the latter returns to the web dragged between the rollers.
    [0006] In order for the sticky fractions of the cotton fibers to adhere to the external lateral surface of the rollers, the latter must be heated and maintained at a temperature that promotes this adhesion.
    [0007] In known devices, the external lateral surface of the rollers is heated by frictional action exerted on it by rotating brushes placed in contact with it.
    [0008] Depending on the distance between the external lateral surface of the rollers and the respective brush, the friction action varies and therefore the degree of heating of the rollers.
    [0009] In devices of the known type, this distance is manually preset by operators and adjusted, always manually, during the tests in order to try to keep the roller temperature substantially constant.
    [0010] It is evident, therefore, that this adjustment requires labor and depends on the experience and sensitivity of the individual operators, often fluctuations in the temperature of the rollers occurring which are not negligible and which influence the conduct of the tests and the results of the same .
    [0011] The object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
    Within the scope of this general purpose, a particular object of the present invention is to propose a measuring device for measuring the stickiness (cotton stickiness), imperfections and impurities of textile fibers, in particular fibers cotton, which allows measurements to be made under stable test conditions and to obtain accurate and reliable measurements.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for measuring the stickiness ("cotton stickiness"), imperfections and impurities of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, structurally and constructively simple and of low costs and which can be used as a stand-alone device or integrated as a module in a modular device structured and configured to perform measurements of a plurality of characteristics of the cotton fibers.
    These and other objects of the present invention are achieved with a measuring device for measuring the stickiness ("cotton stickiness"), imperfections and impurities of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, according to claim 1 and an apparatus according to claim 8.
    Further characteristics are specified in the dependent claims.
    The characteristics and advantages of a measuring device for measuring the stickiness ("cotton stickiness"), imperfections and impurities of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, according to the present invention will become clearer from the following description , by way of example and without limitation, referring to the attached schematic drawings in which:<tb> Figs. 1 and 2 <SEP> are schematic and axonometric views of a modular apparatus for measuring characteristics of cotton fibers, wherein one of the measuring modules is constituted by the measuring device according to the present invention;<tb> fig. 3 <SEP> is an axonometric view of the device module of fig. 1 consisting of the measuring device according to the present invention;<tb> fig. 4 <SEP> is a schematic front view of the measuring device of fig. 3 with some covers removed;<tb> fig. 5 <SEP> is an enlarged view of a detail of fig. 3;<tb> fig. 6 <SEP> is a front view of fig. 5 with some parts removed;<tb> fig. 7 <SEP> is a schematic and axonometric view of a further module of the equipment in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a measuring device for measuring the moisture content, length and dynamometric characteristics of the cotton fibers;<tb> fig. 8 <SEP> is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 7;<tb> Figs. 9A and 9B <SEP> are schematic section views of a respective detail of fig. 8;<tb> fig. 10 <SEP> is a view like that of fig. 8 showing different possible embodiments of the fiber moisture measuring device;<tb> fig. 11 <SEP> is an axonometric view of a detail of the equipment of fig. 1 and 2 consisting of a measuring device for measuring the color and detecting impurities of textile fibers;<tb> Figs. from 12A to 12C <SEP> show in axonometry a further module of the equipment of fig. 1 and 2 comprising a measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, in successive operating positions;<tb> fig. 13 <SEP> is a scheme of the control system of the measuring device for measuring the fineness and maturity of cotton fibers.
    [0017] With reference to the attached figures, a modular device for the measurement of a plurality of characteristics of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, has been indicated overall with 100
    [0018] For the sake of simplicity, reference will be made to fibers, meaning textile fibers and in particular textile fibers of a vegetable nature and even more particularly cotton fibers.
    The apparatus 100 comprises support structure 101 which supports a plurality of modules each comprising at least one measuring device for measuring at least one characteristic of the textile fibers and a central control and command unit for control and command of such modules, not shown being of a type known to those skilled in the art.
    [0020] In the embodiment shown in the attached figures, the apparatus 100 comprises:a first module comprising a measuring device 200 for the measurement of stickiness ("cotton stickiness") and of imperfections, of the type of knots or tangles of fibers ("neps"), and / or of impurities, of the type of residues of insects, seed fragments or other, present in the fibers, according to the present invention,a second module comprising a measuring device 300 for measuring the color and detecting impurities of the cotton fibers,a third module comprising a measuring device 400 for measuring the moisture content, the length and at least one dynamometric characteristic chosen by the group comprising the elongation or elongation under tension before breaking and the tensile strength (i.e. the maximum applicable load traction before breaking),a fourth module comprising a device 600 for measuring the fineness and maturity of the fibers.
    [0021] The apparatus 100 is equipped with two input devices of a respective fiber sample to be tested:a first input device 102, of the conveyor belt type, of a first sample and which feeds the measuring device 200 for the measurement of stickiness and imperfections and / or impurities, anda second input device 103, of the movable drawer type, of a second sample and which supplies in succession the measuring device 300 for the measurement of the color and the detection of impurities and the measuring device 400 for measuring the moisture content, the length and dynamometric characteristics of the fibers,the measuring device 600 for measuring the fineness and maturity of the fibers is fed with the fibers leaving the measuring device 200 for measuring the stickiness which are sucked and fed to the measuring device 600 for measuring the fineness and maturity .
    [0022] Each module can be equipped with its own microprocessor or electronic processing and control unit which is in turn integrated or connected to the central electronic processing and control unit, or it can be directly commanded and controlled by the latter. Equipment 100 is equipped, in particular, with two control and command units configured respectively for the automated management of the various modules that compose it and for processing the data they collect.
    [0023] The measuring device 200 for measuring the stickiness and imperfections and / or impurities of the fibers is, in general terms, of the type described in US 5 752 294.
    [0024] This measuring device 200 is fed with a mass of fibers from the first input device 102 and comprises, arranged in succession between them:card means 201 which receive at their input the mass of fibers fed by the first input device 102 and which are adapted to prepare and form, in a known way, a web of fibers,acquisition means 202 for acquiring images of the veil leaving carding means 201,a pair of rollers 203a, 203b side by side and counter-rotating and configured for measuring stickiness,means for driving the web 204 advancing along the path defined by the card means 201, the acquisition means 202 and the pair of rollers 203a, 203b.
    The card means 201 comprise a plurality of cards which are not described in detail, being of a type known to those skilled in the art.
    The acquisition means 202 comprise a compartment inside which, for example, a camera or other optical sensor, one or more contrast screens and / or veil lighting devices are placed. These acquisition means 202 are connected to processing means configured to detect the presence of imperfections and / or impurities and possibly the shape and color of these imperfections and / or impurities. Advantageously, the video camera is of the color type and operates in combination with a first illumination group and / or with a second veil illumination group which are faced with each other. This allows to detect and determine the type of impurities present, whether they are vegetable fragments (herbs or seed shells), insects or artificial fibers such as, for example, polymeric fibers (polyethylene) deriving from bags and ties.
    Also in this case, the acquisition means 202 are not further described, being of an immediately understandable type for the person skilled in the art.
    [0028] Each roller 203a, 203b is associated with:heating means suitable for heating at least the external lateral surface that contacts the web so as to promote the adhesion to it of the sticky fractions of the fibers,detection means 205a, 205b for detecting the sticky fractions of the web adhering thereto following the passage of the web, andremoval means 206a, 206b for removing sticky fractions therefrom.
    The measuring device 200 is then provided with an electronic processing and control unit which is not shown in the attached figures, being of a type known to those skilled in the art. This electronic processing and control unit is advantageously programmable and is connected or in any case integrated to the central electronic processing and control unit of the equipment 100.
    [0030] According to the present invention, the operation of the heating means is controlled by the electronic processing and control unit as a function of the temperature of the rollers 203a, 203b detected by temperature sensor means 207a, 207b (ie temperature probes) a they associated. In greater detail, the heating means comprise for each roller 203a:<tb> - <SEP> at least one contact body 208a, 208b which is guided in a mobile way towards and away from the external lateral surface of the respective roller 203a, 203b to exert on it a friction action such as to promote its heating, e<tb> - <SEP> actuator means 209a, 209b for actuating the movement of this contact body 208a, 208b towards and away from the respective roller 203a, 203b,<tb> <SEP> wherein the electronic processing and control unit is adapted to control the actuator means 209a, 209b according to the signals emitted by the temperature sensor means 207a, 207b to vary the position of the respective contact body 208a 208b with respect to the corresponding roller 203a, 203b.
    Advantageously, moreover, position sensor means 210a, 210b are provided for detecting the position of the actuator means 209a, 209b which are connected to the electronic processing and control unit, wherein the electronic processing unit and control is adapted to control and command the actuator means 209a, 209b according to the signals emitted by the temperature sensor means 207a, 207b and by the position sensor means 210a, 210b.
    [0032] Each contact body 208a, 208b is constituted by a brush roller which is rotatably supported by a support bracket 211a, 211b.
    [0033] Each support bracket 211 a, 211b has a first portion which is coupled to the housing 101 or in any case to the housing of the measuring device 200 rotatably about an axis B parallel to the axis of the respective brush roller and a second portion which is articulated to the actuator means 209a, 209b. The actuator means 209a, 209b are preferably of the linear type and, in the embodiment shown, comprise a screw-nut screw pair whose nut is rotated by an electric motor and whose screw has an end articulated to the respective support bracket 211a, 211b.
    The position sensor means 210a, 210b consist of linear transducers associated with the screw of the respective actuator means 209a, 209b.
    [0035] Each contact body 208a, 208b formed by a brush roller is driven in rotation by respective motor means controlled and controlled by the electronic processing and control unit. Depending on the signals emitted to the temperature sensor means 207a, 207b and the position sensor means 210a, 210b, the electronic processing and control unit controls and controls the actuator means 209a, 209b to modify the position of the contact bodies 208a , 208b with respect to the rollers 203a, 203b so as to modify the friction action exerted by the former on the outer lateral surface of the latter and, consequently, the temperature reached by it so as to keep it close to a predetermined value (generally around 38-40 ° C) and suitable for the sticky fractions of the web passing between the rollers 203a, 203b to remain adherent thereto.
    [0036] It is thus possible to reach and maintain the temperature of the rollers 203a, 203b at a predetermined value without the possibility of errors, reducing the times of any transients.
    [0037] According to a further aspect of the present invention, at least one of the two rollers 203a, 203b is supported in a movable way towards and away from the other along a direction orthogonal to their longitudinal axes and is coupled to actuator means for this displacement . Pressure sensors configured to detect, directly or indirectly, the contact pressure between the two rollers 203a, 203b are then provided. These sensors are for example force sensors configured to detect the force exerted by the actuator means acting on the mobile roller or to detect the load acting on the support shafts of the two rollers. The electronic processing and control unit, whether local or central, is configured to control the actuating means of the reciprocal movement of the two rollers according to the signals detected by the pressure sensors so as to maintain the contact pressure between the two rollers substantially constant and close to a predetermined value. In fact, as is known, the degree of stickiness also depends on the pressure that the two counter-rotating rollers exert on the fiber web.
    The detection means 205a, 205b are of the laser type and are not further described, being of a type known to those skilled in the art. The signals detected by them are sent and processed by the electronic processing and control unit.
    The removal means 206a, 206b consist of the same contact bodies 208a, 208b in the form of brush rollers and rotating at angular speeds greater than those of the respective rollers 203a, 203b and a spatula or knife 212a, 212b. Also in this case the removal means 206a, 206b are not further described, being of a type known to the person skilled in the art and having different embodiments.
    The driving means 204 are of the suction type (depression) and are configured to exert a sufficient action on the web to allow their advancement along the path downstream of the carding means 201 and along the image acquisition means 202 and the pair of rollers 203a, 203b without however preventing the adhesion of the sticky fractions to the rollers 203a, 203b themselves.
    [0041] For completeness, the remaining measuring devices forming the remaining modules of the equipment 100 are now described and some of which are the subject of a separate patent application in the name of the same owner. It should be noted, in any case, that each of these measuring devices can be made as a stand-alone device or integrated with one or more of the other measuring devices in a modular device of the type of the device 100 shown in fig. 1.
    [0042] Figs. 7 to 10 show the measuring device 400 for measuring the moisture content, length and / or dynamometric characteristics of the fibers which is placed in succession to the measuring device 300 for measuring the color and detecting impurities of the fibers forming the same sample fed by the second input device 103.
    The second input device 103 is of the type of a drawer 104 which is filled with fibers and is guided in a mobile way along a path which passes through the measuring device 300 and which introduces the sample into the measuring device 400.
    [0044] The drawer 104 is constituted by a frame; the opposite faces of the drawer 104 which are parallel to the sliding surface of the drawer itself are open.
    [0045] The measuring device 300 comprises, in a known way, a table 301 on which the drawer 104 is slid.
    [0046] Table 301 comprises a sheet 302 of material transparent to the light below which a compartment 303 is obtained containing optical analysis devices for the fibers of the sample contained in the drawer 104. Such optical analysis devices comprise, for example, a advantageously color video camera 304 and / or spectrophotometer 305 and allow to detect the degree of color of the fibers and the presence of impurities in them, such as for example insect and / or vegetable residues (such as fragments of seeds).
    The measuring device 400 is arranged in succession to the measuring device 300, such two devices being able to be integrated in a single module.
    The measuring device 400 comprises a housing 401 which is integrated in the support structure 101 and in which two zones are defined:a preparation zone ZP of a row or «beard» of fibers arranged between them substantially parallel and coplanar anda measurement zone ZM in which the fibers forming the row or «beard» are subject to the measurements of length and / or of the dynamometric characteristics and advantageously both of these measurements in succession.
    [0049] The row or «beard» of fibers is manipulated and transported between the preparation zone ZP and the measurement zone ZM by a metal comb 402 which is associated with the housing 401 in a mobile way with the possibility of performing both motions of translation and rotation motions schematically illustrated in fig. 4.
    [0050] The preparation zone ZP comprises:a grid or in any case a perforated plate 403 arranged along the sliding path of the drawer 104 in succession to the table 301 and coplanar to it,a pressure plate 404 which is arranged above the perforated plate 403 and which is substantially parallel to it and which is supported in a movable way towards and away from the perforated plate 403 in an orthogonal direction,linear actuator means 405 for the sliding of the pressure plate 404,card means 406, brush means 407 and suction means arranged in succession alongside the "press" formed by the perforated plate 403 and the pressure plate 404.
    [0051] Advantageously, the linear actuator means 405 are of the pneumatic cylinder-piston type and comprise a proportional pressure regulator configured and controlled to maintain the pressure of the operating fluid substantially equal to a predetermined value, so as to ensure that the sample layer interposed between the pressure plate 404 and the perforated plate 403 is pressed under predetermined known conditions.
    [0052] The comb 402 is coupled with a jaw element 408, which is movable between a closed position and an open position. The comb 402 with the jaw element 408 coupled is supported by a head mounted on a bracket; the bracket is movable sliding along a rectilinear guide 409 and is operated along this rectilinear guide 409 by a linear actuator (of the type, for example, of a recirculating ball screw-nut screw coupling driven by motor) by means of which it , and with it the comb 402 and the jaw element 408, is moved along the preparation zone ZP and towards the measurement zone ZM. The head that supports the comb 402 and the jaw element 408 coupled to it is then rotatable around a horizontal axis (parallel to the perforated plate 403) orthogonal to the direction defined by the straight guide 409.
    [0053] The comb 402 is adapted to hook the fibers forming a row or "beard".
    [0054] In a known manner, the drawer 104 is slid so as to position itself above the perforated plate 403. The pressure plate 404 is brought close to the perforated plate 403 and pressed onto it by means of the actuator means 405, the sample of fibers interposed between the two plates forms a pressed layer which forms protrusions which protrude from the openings of the perforated plate 403 at the lower face thereof (i.e. the face of the plate 403 opposite to that facing the pressure plate 404).
    [0055] Advantageously, the proportional pressure regulator allows to apply to the fiber layer a constant pressure equal to a predetermined value; in fact, the degree of compaction of the pressed layer and the extent of its protrusions protruding from the perforated plate 403 depend on the value of this pressure.
    [0056] The comb 402 is brought below the perforated plate 403 to pick up a row of fibers from the protrusions formed by the layer pressed against the perforated plate 403 itself.
    [0057] The comb 402 is then moved in succession first at the card 406 which removes the excess fibers from the row or «beard» and then at the brush 407 which parallels the fibers of the row or «beard». During these phases, the comb 402 is arranged with horizontal prongs and the jaw element 408 is in the open position. The rows or "beards" of fibers so parallelized and substantially coplanar is clamped on the comb 402 by the jaw element 408, rotated in a horizontal position and brought to the input of the ZM measurement area.
    [0058] In the measuring zone ZM are located:measuring means 410 for measuring the length of the fibers forming the row or "beard",dynamometer means for measuring at least one dynamometric characteristic and which comprise gripper members which comprise a fixed gripper 411a and a mobile gripper 411b approaching and moving away from the fixed gripper 411a, the fixed gripper 411a and the mobile gripper 411b tighten two end portions of the row or "beard" of fibers,detection means (not described in detail, being of a known type) for detecting the relative displacement of the mobile gripper 411b with respect to the fixed gripper 411a when both the mobile and fixed grippers are in the position for gripping and holding respective portions of the fibers of the row or "beard",detection means (not described in detail, being of a known type) for detecting the traction force applied to the fibers of the row or «beard» during the relative movement of the mobile gripper 411b with respect to the fixed gripper 411a when both the mobile and fixed grippers they are in the position of gripping and holding a respective portion of the fibers forming the row or "beard".
    [0059] Furthermore, 412 extraction means are provided for the extraction of the textile fibers of the row or "beard" from the ZM measurement area. These extraction means 412 comprise a conduit which has one end in communication with the measuring zone ZM and the opposite end associated with suction means suitable for creating a depression of an entity such as to recall the fibers and the portions of them released by the gripper members at the end of the dynamometric tests.
    [0060] The data relating to the relative displacement of the mobile gripper 411b with respect to the fixed gripper 411a and to the traction force applied by the mobile gripper 411b to the fibers of the row or «beard» are then processed in a known way to obtain dynamometric characteristics of the fibers themselves.
    The possibility that the comb 402 could constitute the fixed gripper is not excluded.
    The measuring device 400 comprises means 413 for measuring the moisture content of the fibers forming the layer of fibers pressed between the pressure plate 404 and the perforated plate 403 and / or the fibers forming the row or "beard" which they are located respectively in the preparation zone ZP and / or in the measurement zone ZM and / or are associated with the extraction means 412 to detect the moisture content of the fibers forming the pressed layer and / or the row or «beard» just before and / or just after carrying out the measurement of their length and / or the measurement of their dynamometric characteristics.
    [0063] In a preferred embodiment, the means 413 for measuring the moisture content are placed at the entrance to the measuring zone ZM or at the extraction means 412 for detecting the moisture content of the fibers forming the row or "beard" just before and / or just after carrying out the measurement of their length and / or the measurement of their torque characteristics. This allows to detect the moisture content of the same fibers which are then subject to length measurements and dynamometric characteristics, in close time to the execution of these measurements and substantially under the same environmental conditions in which these measurements are performed. The values of length, dynamometric characteristics and moisture content can therefore be correlated with each other with good margins of certainty.
    These means 413 for measuring the moisture content are of the microwave type and comprise one or more microwave sensors.
    [0065] The use of microwave sensors allows precise measurements to be obtained, affected by negligible errors and independent of the degree of moisture distribution in the fibers.
    [0066] Sensors of this type are constituted for example by the microwave sensors of the company TEWS ELEKTRONIK GmbH & Co. KG.
    [0067] These microwave sensors can be of the planar, "fork" type, that is to say, they consist of two half cylinders facing each other and between which a microwave field is generated, or of the tubular type.
    [0068] For example, in a possible embodiment represented in figs. 8 and 9A, the means for measuring the moisture content 413 are located in the preparation zone ZP and comprise a microwave sensor 413A of the planar type supported by the pressure plate 404. This microwave sensor 413A is brought into contact with the layer of fibers pressed between the pressure plate 404 and the perforated plate 403 to detect the moisture content of the fibers forming the layer.
    Alternatively or in addition, the means for measuring the moisture content of the fibers 413 comprise a microwave sensor 413B of the "fork" or split type for measuring the moisture content of the fibers forming the row or "beard" before measuring their length or after measuring their length and before measuring their torque characteristics. With reference to fig. 10, such a "fork" type microwave sensor 413B is placed at the entrance to the measuring zone ZM.
    Alternatively or in addition, the means 413 for measuring the moisture content of the fibers comprise a tubular-type microwave sensor 413C arranged along the duct of the extraction means 412.
    [0071] In the latter case, the measurement of the moisture content is carried out on the fibers or on the pieces of fiber released by the gripper members after performing the dynamometric tests and along the path of their removal from the ZM measurement area.
    [0072] With reference to figs. 12A to 12C and 13, the measuring device 600 for measuring the fineness and maturity of the fibers is now described, which operates according to known flowmetric methods.
    As known, the mature cotton fibers have a hollow cross section and are presented as a flattened bavella the inside of which consists of a solid part (cell wall) of cellulose which delimits a hollow part (lumens). Generally, the measurement of the fineness / maturity of the cotton fibers obtained with flowmetric methods is accompanied by the so-called combined index of fineness and maturity known in the sector as Micronaire.
    As mentioned above, the measuring device 600 operates with a flowmetric method, in which a known quantity of fibers is enclosed within a measuring chamber of known dimensions and crossed by an air flow, the fineness and maturity of the fibers is indirectly determined by the pressure drops across the measuring chamber due to the resistance that the fibers oppose to the flow of air that passes through the measuring chamber itself. Said measuring device 600 can operate at constant pressure or at constant flow.
    The measuring device 600 comprises a support frame 601 on which is mounted a measuring chamber CM formed by a hollow cylinder 602 whose axially opposite ends are open. The hollow cylinder 602 is mounted on the frame 601 in a movable way between an insertion station S1 at which a known fiber sample is inserted into the measuring chamber CM, a measuring station S2 at which measurements are carried out on the sample inserted into the measuring chamber CM and an extraction station S3 at which at the end of the measurements the fiber sample is extracted from the measuring chamber CM. In the embodiment shown in the attached figures, the hollow cylinder 602 is mounted on a carousel 603 rotatable around a rotation axis, the insertion station S1, the measuring station S2 and the extraction station S3 being defined along the circular path performed by the hollow cylinder 602. The carousel 603 is mounted between a pair of plates 630a and 630b facing each other and parallel and which are crossed by a plurality of openings suitable for being placed in communication with the open ends of the hollow cylinder 602 and in correspondence of which the three operating stations S1, S2 and S3 are defined.
    The insertion station S1 comprises a feeding duct 604 for feeding the cotton fibers at the input to the hollow cylinder 602, these cotton fibers are sucked by the output of the measuring device 200 for measuring the stickiness and can be previously weighed. The insertion station S1 then comprises a pair of first pistons which are aligned and opposed to each other and which can be inserted in the opposite ends of the hollow cylinder 602. These first pistons are actuated by a respective first linear actuator 605a, 605b between a protracted position in the cylinder cable 602 to compact the fiber sample inserted in it and a position retracted outside the hollow cylinder 602.
    [0077] The supply conduit 604 and one of the first two pistons communicate with the same open end of the hollow cylinder 602 by means of a fitting 607 fixed to the frame 601.
    [0078] The measuring station S2 comprises a pair of second pistons aligned with each other and opposite each other and insertable in the opposite ends of the hollow cylinder 602 to form respectively a first base and a second base. These second pistons and, consequently, the first base and the second base formed by them, are of the air permeable type; for example, they can be of the perforated type with calibrated holes. The second pistons are driven by a respective second linear actuator 608A and 608B between at least one protracted position in the hollow cylinder 602 and a position retracted outside the hollow cylinder 602. A supply conduit 609 (only schematized in fig. 11) feeds a air flow into the hollow cylinder 602 through the second piston which defines the first base. The flow of air fed into the hollow cylinder 602 comes out of it through its second base which communicates with the external environment at ambient pressure.
    [0079] The supply duct 609 has an inlet end associated with a source of an air flow (not shown) and an outlet end associated with a nozzle 610 with which the second piston which defines the first base is associated of the hollow cylinder 602.
    [0080] A flow regulator 611 is arranged along the supply conduit 609, interposed between the inlet end and the outlet end of the supply conduit 609 itself. The flow regulator 611 is for example formed by a known restrictor valve.
    Two pressure sensors are then placed along the supply duct 609: a first pressure sensor 612 for detecting the air pressure which is arranged upstream of the flow regulator 611 and a second pressure sensor 613 for detecting the air pressure which is located downstream of the flow regulator 611 and upstream of the first base of the measuring chamber CM.
    [0082] Advantageously, moreover, an electronic proportional pressure regulator 614 is arranged along the supply duct 609 upstream of the first pressure sensor 612 to regulate the air pressure in the supply duct 609.
    [0083] The first pressure sensor 612, the second pressure sensor 613 and the electronic proportional pressure regulator 614 are connected to an electronic processing and control unit 615 which is programmed to control the electronic proportional pressure regulator 614 in operation. of the detections of the first pressure sensor 612 and of the second pressure sensor 613 or of the second pressure sensor 613 alternatively and respectively to maintain substantially constant and equal to a prefixable value the difference between the air pressure upstream and downstream of the regulator of flow 611 or the pressure of the air entering the measuring chamber CM. It is thus possible to operate in a condition of substantially constant flow or of substantially constant pressure at the ends of the CM measuring chamber as required by the ASTIVI D1448-11 standards for the measurement of fineness and maturity, from which the index is then obtained micronaire.
    [0084] The proportional electronic pressure regulator 614 is therefore selectively and alternately controlled by the unit 615 to maintain the pressure difference upstream and downstream of the flow regulator 611 substantially constant and equal to a predetermined value, so as to operate in substantially constant flow.
    [0085] Or the electronic proportional pressure regulator 614 is selectively and alternately controlled by the unit 615 to keep the pressure at the ends of the measuring chamber CM substantially constant and equal to a predetermined value and, therefore, the inlet pressure to it.
    [0086] It is thus possible to operate in effective conditions of constant air flow or pressure at the ends of the measuring chamber CM constant and equal to a predetermined value.
    In fact, at the measuring station S2, the second base of the hollow cylinder 602 communicates with the external environment, so that the detections of the second pressure sensor 613 relate to atmospheric pressure and provide a measurement of the pressure across the measuring chamber CM.
    [0088] The extraction station S3 comprises a third piston which can be inserted in one of the two opposite ends of the hollow cylinder 602. The third piston is driven by a respective third linear actuator 616 which is movable between a position retracted outside the hollow cylinder 602 and a protracted position inside the hollow cylinder 602 for pushing the fibers contained in it outgoing from the opposite open end thereof. This makes it particularly easy to extract the fibers from the CM measuring chamber.
    The fibers expelled from the hollow cylinder 602 fall on a scale 617 which detects their weight.
    [0090] The operation of the measuring device 600 is immediately understandable for the person skilled in the art from the above description and from the attached figures.
    In short, the carousel 603 brings the hollow cylinder 602 to the insertion station S1 where it is filled with a known quantity of fibers which are compacted by means of the first pistons.
    The carousel 603 carries the hollow cylinder 602 thus filled in correspondence with the measuring station S2 at which the pressure drop measurements are performed according to known protocols at the ends of the measuring chamber CM through which an air flow passes. These measurements, which can be repeated on the same sample in different compaction conditions, can be performed under conditions of substantially constant flow or of substantially constant pressure.
    [0093] The carousel 603 then brings the hollow cylinder 602 to the extraction station S3 in which the sample is pushed out of the hollow cylinder 602 by means of the thrust action exerted on it by the third piston. The specimen falls on the weighing pan 617 and is weighed.
    The measurements performed are then processed with known algorithms for the determination of fineness, maturity and Micronaire index.
    [0095] The device for measuring the stickiness, imperfections and impurities of textile fibers, in particular, cotton fibers, thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the invention; moreover, all the details can be replaced by technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials used, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to the technical requirements.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Measuring device (200) for measuring stickiness, imperfections and impurities in textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, said device comprising a housing inside which are arranged:- a pair of rollers (203a, 203b) arranged side by side and rotating in opposite directions and between which a veil of cotton fibers is passed,- heating means for heating said rollers (203a, 203b),- detection means (205a, 205b) for detecting sticky fractions of said web adhering to said rollers after the passage of said web,- removal means (206a, 206b) for the removal of said sticky fractions adhering to said rollers (203a, 203b),characterized by the fact that the operation of said heating means is controlled by a processing and control unit according to the temperature of said rollers detected by temperature sensor means (207a, 207b) associated with them.
    [2]
    Device (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that said heating means comprise for each roller (203a, 203b) of said pair of rollers:- at least one contact body (208a, 208b) which is guided in a mobile way towards and away from said roller (203a, 203b) to exert a friction action on it, and- actuator means (209a, 209b) for carrying out the movement of said contact body (208a, 208b) towards and away from said roller (203a, 203b),wherein said processing and control unit is adapted to control said actuator means (209a, 209b) according to the signals emitted by said temperature sensor means (207a, 207b) to vary the position of said at least one contact body (208a, 208b) with respect to the corresponding said roller (203a, 203b).
    [3]
    Device (200) according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises position sensor means (210a, 210b) for detecting the position of said actuator means (209a, 209b), wherein said processing and control unit is adapted to control said actuator means (209a, 209b) as a function of the signals emitted by said temperature sensor means (207a, 207b) and by said position sensor means (210a, 210b).
    [4]
    Device (200) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said at least one contact body (208a, 208b) comprises a brush roller which is rotatably supported by a support bracket (211a, 211b) la which has a first portion which is coupled to said housing rotatably about an axis (B) parallel to the axis of said brush roller and a second portion which is articulated to said actuator means (209a, 209b).
    [5]
    Device (200) according to claim 4, characterized in that said brush roller is driven in rotation by its own motor means controlled and controlled by said processing and control unit.
    [6]
    Device (200) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of said rollers (203a, 203b) is movably supported in approaching and away from the other along a direction orthogonal to their axes longitudinal and is coupled to actuator means of such mutual displacement, and by the fact of comprising pressure sensors configured to detect, directly or indirectly, the contact pressure between said two rollers (203a, 203b), wherein said electronic processing unit and The control system is configured to control said actuator means for the reciprocal movement of said two rollers according to the signals detected by said pressure sensors so as to maintain the contact pressure between said two rollers substantially constant and close to a predetermined value.
    [7]
    Device (200) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises carding means (201) for the preparation of said web of textile fibers and which are arranged upstream, with respect to the direction of advancement of said web , of said pair of rollers (203a, 203b), acquisition means (202) for acquiring images of said veil which are interposed between said carding means (201) and said pair of rollers (203a, 203b), means for processing the images acquired by said acquisition means which are connected to said processing and control unit and which are programmed for the detection and characterization of imperfections and / or impurities of said veil, and driving means (204) of said web along the path defined by said carding means (201), said acquisition means (202) and said pair of rollers (203a, 203b).
    [8]
    Modular apparatus (100) for measuring a plurality of characteristics of textile fibers, in particular cotton fibers, said apparatus comprising a plurality of modules each comprising at least one measuring device for measuring at least one characteristic of said textile fibers and a processing and control unit for controlling said modules, characterized in that one of said modules comprises a measuring device (200) according to one of claims 1 to 7.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN107043968B|2020-11-10|
    US10302620B2|2019-05-28|
    DE102016012757A1|2017-06-08|
    CN107043968A|2017-08-15|
    US20170122925A1|2017-05-04|
    CH711757A2|2017-05-15|
    ITUB20155249A1|2017-04-30|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ITUB2015A005249A|ITUB20155249A1|2015-10-30|2015-10-30|MEASUREMENT DEVICE FOR MEASUREMENT OF STICKER, IMPERFECTIONS AND IMPURITY? OF TEXTILE FIBERS, IN PARTICULAR COTTON FIBERS.|
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