• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The test and monitoring system according to the invention consists of a measuring unit (1) permanently installed in the cable car, a storage and transmission unit (2) operatively connected to it for storage and transmission of the measured data and one connected to it via Ethernet or a comparable network Evaluation unit for evaluation and visualization of the measurement data in a remote monitoring station far away from the cable car, from which the test procedure is triggered automatically according to a fixed program. The evaluation of the test results in the remote monitoring station also takes place automatically on the basis of a predetermined program. The station can be in operation around the clock and at the same time monitor several cable cars that are far away from each other. It works reliably without the interaction of personnel and allows a precise management of the rope in terms of its optimal life. The invention further relates to a method for operating a cable car.
    公开号:CH710967A2
    申请号:CH00521/15
    申请日:2015-04-13
    公开日:2016-10-14
    发明作者:Graf Daniel
    申请人:Fatzer Ag Drahtseilfabrik；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a testing and monitoring system for a cable car according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating the same.
    Cable cars are increasingly used, especially in large cities as a substitute for underground or underground light rail. They have the advantage that they can be integrated into the city relatively independently of topography and existing buildings and infrastructure and thus as an independent transport system can transport people and goods quickly. You connect two or more points on the shortest possible route, the as the crow flies. Such cable cars are normally integrated into the public transport network and operate continuously for up to 20 hours per day. The resulting high stress on the cable and components of the cable car due to the high number of cable loops causes a comparatively accelerated material fatigue and increased wear, so that urban systems, unlike for example in mountain railways, the cable laying criteria much earlier, often after only a few years of operation are reached.
    However, downtime is very undesirable and, moreover, expensive, especially as they usually result in disruption of public transport on urban facilities. Work on the rope, such as rope shortening, splice rehabilitation, repair work or the replacement of a rope are time consuming and must therefore be planned in time to minimize the disruption of the regular cable car operation. In addition, there is often the problem that when installing a new rope too little free space for the joining of a rotating rope rope by splicing is present, which may even result in streets or squares must be blocked in order to perform the splicing work in cities.
    For the detection of the Ablegereife or the end of the life of a rope standard deposition criteria are applied. These often country-specific standards also prescribe the test intervals within which the cable must be tested by an approved test center, eg. B. must be tested by means of magnetic test methods. Depending on the condition of the rope and the expected number of bends in a given period of time, the test interval is shortened by the expert, thereby ensuring that a follow-up test is performed before a critical condition occurs.
    For conventional mountain railways with relatively low daily operating time and / or seasonally limited operation and thus a correspondingly low number of bending cycles per year, the test interval can be extended with good rope condition maximum. Running ropes (rotating ropes or ropes in reversing operation). Depending on the operating conditions, such systems can reach lifetimes of the order of more than 20 years.
    On urban cable cars, the test interval must be significantly reduced due to the much higher daily operating time and the year-round operation and the resulting high number of bending cycles. The duration of use of a running rope on an urban system, ie the time to reach the Ablegereifeife, may even be shorter than the maximum inspection interval. Depending on the rope condition, the test cycles must be set to less than one year to ensure that the discard condition can be recognized.
    In addition to the inspection of the rope by an expert, visual inspections are required which the operator himself must perform. Such visual control is done with the human eye or can be supported by technical systems.
    The invention is based on the object to provide a testing and monitoring system for a cable car and a method for its operation, by means of or the optimal design of this cable car and in particular the rope, and also increased safety the plant is achieved overall. The aim is to carry out rope tests on running ropes within short intervals, thereby enabling a quick evaluation of the current condition of the rope.
    This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1 and the method features of claim 6.
    In particular, highly stressed ropeway systems, such as urban facilities and / or systems with extremely high numbers of bending cycles should experience a gain in safety through regular testing at short intervals. In addition, the almost permanent monitoring and recording of the rope condition allows a forward-looking planning of the necessary work on the rope, which should minimize operational interruptions and allow an optimal scheduling for the operation. Lifetime prediction based on a large number of measurements is intended to prevent the unexpected failure of a rope in the best possible way.
    In this way, the splice of the rope is primarily determined, which is known structurally more heterogeneous and / or stronger than the rope strand. The location of the splice point allows the count of completed by the cable car circuits and thus the determination of the traveled cable path between two consecutive measuring cycles. But it also allows the exact localization of any damage to the rope with respect to the pre-located feeder.
    For the management of the rope with regard to an optimal life of the rope, the invention provides that the evaluation of the test results is carried out taking into account certain operating conditions of the system descriptive and influencing parameters, such as the number of bending cycles and the length of the traveled cable path. In addition, if necessary, the lay length of the rope and / or the change in the position of the rope tensioning the tensioning wagon, but also the ambient temperature, the noise emission of the system z. B. by increasing vibration due to wear of system components and / or the air properties in the system.
    The online examination of the rope allows the automatic performance of the test and evaluation according to a pre-determined monitoring program that takes into account the above parameters and optionally other inputs, such as the number of splices and / or the entire rope length.
    Since a frequent test of the system is required for the management of the rope of a highly stressed cable car system, the invention provides that the test procedure is automatically triggered by the monitoring program with a predetermined short frequency, such as weekly, and / or at a predetermined date ,
    It is according to the invention possible to activate the test both automatically from the remote monitoring station and in situ by means of a device attached to the control knob.
    The inventive, usually independent of the cableway operating functioning inspection and monitoring system consists of an installed in the cable car measuring unit, a storage and transmission unit adjacent thereto and an installed in the remote monitoring station evaluation unit with an evaluation and analysis software for evaluation and Visualization of the measured data transmitted by the storage and transmission unit via Ethernet or other networks. This testing and monitoring system can also be retrofitted to existing systems.
    The test system can also be used in combination with other test methods. It is therefore possible, e.g. perform a visual inspection using a visual tester simultaneously with the magnetic test through the fixed test system. The time required to perform these tests is minimized since both tests can be performed in the same cycle.
    The measuring unit consists of a magnetization unit and a rope-comprehensive sensor system.
    The magnetization unit magnetizes the rope by means of permanent magnets or electromagnets. The cable magnetized by the magnetization unit emits a magnetic stray field, which is detected by the sensor system.
    The sensor system consists of one or more coils or Hall sensors, which are arranged around the rope around. This results in at least 2 measuring principles, which can also be used in combination. The measurement with coils is based on the magnetic induction by relative movement between the coil and the magnetized cable. The magnetic stray field of the magnetized cable induces a voltage in the coil (s). The measurement with Hall sensors is based on the so-called Hall effect. Depending on the magnetic field strength of the magnetized cable, the voltage at the Hall sensor changes.
    The magnetic stray field of the rope can thus be detected by the sensor system. Impurities in the rope such. B. Wire breaks also cause a magnetic stray field which is superimposed on the stray magnetic field of the rope and detected by the sensor system. Depending on the rope and condition of the defect, a typical measurement signal is generated. The measuring signal is finally made available for the evaluation.
    The measuring system can detect the driven rope meter and makes it available for the evaluation. It can be done an automated calculation of the number of bending cycles. The driven rope meters can be detected with the sensor system or with additional external sensors.
    It is also possible within the scope of the invention to integrate the installed in the cable car components of the system, namely to integrate the measuring unit and the storage and transmission unit in one device.
    The invention will now be described with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show it:<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> is a schematic view of a cable car end with the components of an inspection and monitoring system according to the invention; and<Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> is a block diagram of the inspection and monitoring system of the cable car of FIG. 1.
    Fig. 1 shows schematically the end of an urban cable car 10, which is provided in the present embodiment as a cable car. Such a cable car is installed in particular in a city area. It thus enables a fast and road-independent transport of people and goods and also causes a low noise. But it can also be provided on rails a cable car, which is also built primarily in cities.
    From this cable car 10 which are rotatably mounted on a stand 21 end-side circulation roller 9 and guide rollers 22 for the rope 8 are illustrated. This circulating roller 9 can also be designed as a drive wheel. The rope 8 is guided from one to the other end of the cable car 10 and thereby conveys the cabins, which are released at the stations of the rope 8 and are therefore not shown.
    According to the invention, an inspection and monitoring system 1, 2 is preferably integrated in the cable car end 10, which is connected to an evaluation unit 3 and allows monitoring or testing of at least the rope 8.
    Conveniently, a measuring unit 1 of the testing and monitoring system is attached at the end of the cable guide on the station carrier 5 and their test device 7 includes the rope or is located immediately adjacent to the rope. An advantageously connected to this measuring unit 1 via a data line 19 storage and transmission unit 2 is connected via Ethernet or a similar data network and a network to the evaluation unit 3. The free cable route at which the testing device 7 is mounted is advantageously located in the vicinity of the circulation roller 9 and, in order to avoid counterfeiting, best where no cabin is suspended.
    With this cable car according to the invention improvements can be achieved both in terms of the reliability of the system and the efficiency of the plant operation over the longest possible operating time.
    The measuring unit 1 is provided with a stationary installed test device 7, the magnetic field acts on the cable 8 such that a current is passed through a non-contact coil around the rope whose voltage depends on the so-called Hall effect of the magnetic field strength is generated and thereby dependent on deviations of the strength and / or condition of the rope pending signals.
    The measuring unit 1 includes a magnetizing unit, which causes magnetization of the rope 8. The stray magnetic field of the rope is detected by the sensor system of the measuring unit, which is also integrated in the measuring unit. The sensor system consists of one or more coils or several Hall sensors or a combination of coil (s) and Hall sensors, which include the cable contactless. The stray magnetic field of the rope is detected by the sensor system. Depending on the rope and condition of an impurity, a typical measurement signal is generated and made available for the evaluation.
    The storage and transfer unit 2 is installed near the measuring unit 1 and is in operative connection with it via this data line 19. It contains a memory part 11 and a data transmission part 12, a network connection 13 and an Ethernet connection 14, via which the connection to the monitoring station 3 is established. The memory part 11 can also be provided with a connection 15 for a USB stick. He must be able to store several complete measurements of a rope, and the stored data must be retained even in the event of a power failure.
    Instead of a wired network connection can be integrated into the storage and transmission unit 2, a wireless connection to a network that allows a wireless connection or mobile connection to a network and thus the contact to the evaluation unit 3.
    The measuring unit 1 is permanently installed in a carrier 5 of the cable car and includes a Biegewechselzählwerk 6 and the tester 7 with the associated hardware whose magnetic field acts on the rope so that in a non-contact to the rope coil a current is passed whose voltage depends on the magnetic field strength resulting from the cross-section and nature of the cable. The resulting electromagnetic signals are stored in the memory and transmission unit 2 and transmitted there to the evaluation unit 3.
    According to FIG. 2, this checking and monitoring system comprises this measuring unit 1, the storage and transmission unit 2 for storing and transmitting the measured data and this evaluation unit 3 for evaluating and visualizing the measured data. The evaluation unit 3 is in turn housed far away from the cable car in a monitoring center 4. There, the processing and evaluation of the measured data transmitted via the network can be performed permanently or at certain intervals.
    The starting point of the measurement is always carried out at the same location of the rope, which is automatically detected by the testing device 7. The starting point is preferably the splice point of the rope, which is also used as a reference point for positioning the other test points.
    To determine the number of bending cycles, the path of the cable movement is measured along its axis, which travels the cable car during operation. This cable path is stored, for example, in the daily rhythm and should be advantageously within the specifications for an optimal life of the rope.
    In the described embodiment, the units 1 and 2 are two separate components of the system. Within the scope of the invention, however, they can easily be packed in a single device.
    The evaluation unit 3 is located far from the cable car in the remote monitoring station 4, which also includes a device 16 for default settings and is provided with a software program 17 for the evaluation, analysis and visualization by means of a PC system 18. The basic settings to be entered include the number of splices and the respective rope length. These basic settings can be changed remotely via Ethernet. The evaluation unit 3 also provides forecasts regarding the Seillebedauer for the free rope length or for the Spleisslebeauer on the counted bending changes.
    The evaluation unit 3 also has a visualization software for the optical representation of the measurement data including the graphical preparation of the results and in particular the wire breaks that may occur.
    In general, the test is triggered in the monitoring station 4 by remote access to a predetermined program self-triggering, after which the frequency, the day of the week and the time of measurement are fixed. The test can be triggered in special cases, in situ by pressing a test device 8 arranged actuating button. Another remote access to the tester 8 allows the reading of the memory.
    The subsequent evaluation of the measured data is carried out in the unit 17, 18 of the monitoring station 4 also automatically using a program to increase the validity of the test results a number of parameters such as the number of flexures, the number of splices and the entire pitch and the room temperature in the system, the lay length of the rope and the position of the rope tensioning the tensioning wagon considered. Advantageously, such a tensioning carriage is integrated in the stator 21, which is not shown in detail. This tensioning carriage causes the guided around the roller 9 rope 8 is stretched against its longitudinal extent with a predetermined force.
    In addition, if appropriate, the inclusion of measurement results from other comparable cable cars that are monitored by the monitoring station 4 from. The control programs can be set individually on a case-by-case basis.
    The inventive test and monitoring system allows the regular testing of the cable cars with a qualified equipment device that works without delay and reliable interaction of personnel. It also allows the central remote monitoring of several cable cars whose locations are far from each other.
    The system provides equipment and personnel technology and in terms of its economics significant advantages and also allows the precise management of the rope in terms of optimum life. Improvements can also be achieved with regard to the operational safety of the system and the economic efficiency of the system operation over the longest possible operating time.
    Furthermore, a very reliable location or recognition of the splice point can also be carried out by measuring acoustic values and / or vibrations of the running wire rope. By means of a measuring device not shown in more detail these acoustic values can be determined by a microphone or by a vibration sensor, which can be mounted anywhere on the system, and evaluated accordingly.
    The test system and the method described can be used universally for running ropes and can therefore be retrofitted to existing systems.
    Furthermore, the test method with other rope testing method such. B. electronically assisted visual rope test combined used.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. testing and monitoring system for a cable car, in particular for an urban transport of persons and goods, with a guided from one to the other end of the cable car (10) rope (8) which carries the one or more cabins or trains, characterized characterized in that the examination and monitoring system (1, 2) is connected to an evaluation unit (3) and allows monitoring or testing of at least the rope (8).
    [2]
    2. testing and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaluation unit (3) for the evaluation of the delivered measurement data of the examination and monitoring system (1, 2) in a remote from the cable car (10) stationed monitoring center (4) is arranged, which is connected via a data network, such as Ethernet, and / or an additional network with the examination and monitoring system, said evaluation unit (3) has a software program for the evaluation, analysis and visualization.
    [3]
    3. testing and monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the examination and monitoring system in the cable car (10) installed measuring unit (1) with the associated hardware, a memory and transmission unit connected to this (2) Storage and transmission of the measured data as well as in the monitoring center (4) installed evaluation and visualization unit (3) with the associated software for manual and / or automated evaluation and visualization of the measured data has.
    [4]
    4. testing and monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that the measuring unit (1) includes a magnetization unit which causes a magnetization of the rope (8).
    [5]
    5. Prüflings- and monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a location or detection of the splice of the rope (8) by measuring acoustic values and / or vibration of the running wire rope is carried out.
    [6]
    6. A method for operating a cable car with an examination and monitoring system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the operating state of the rope (8) is determined by an online examination of the rope with preferably electromagnetic signals.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the evaluation of the test results, taking into account certain the operating state of the system influencing parameters, such as the number of bending cycles and the length of the traveled cable path is performed.
    [8]
    8. The method of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the evaluation of the test results additionally environmental conditions, such as the room temperature in the system, the lay length of the rope, the noise emission of the system and / or the change in the position of the rope tensioning tensioning carriage considered.
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the examination and evaluation process is carried out automatically according to a predetermined monitoring program.
    [10]
    10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the test procedure is automatically triggered by the monitoring program with a predetermined frequency and / or at a predetermined date.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 10, characterized in that an emergency stop of the cable car is made possible when the tester touches the rope or the tester is damaged.
    [12]
    12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the measurement can be triggered manually on the tester or manually via the evaluation unit by remote access via data connection / network connection.
    [13]
    13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the evaluation unit allows an automatic or semi-automatic evaluation of the rope state and from it a life expectancy is generated.
    [14]
    14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that with the aid of the evaluation unit (3) can be made a remote access to the test system and this can be configured and updated.
    [15]
    15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the test method can also detect the cable length of the rope (8).
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00521/15A|CH710967B1|2015-04-13|2015-04-13|Testing and monitoring system for a cable car, in particular for the urban transport of people and goods, and a method for operating the same.|CH00521/15A| CH710967B1|2015-04-13|2015-04-13|Testing and monitoring system for a cable car, in particular for the urban transport of people and goods, and a method for operating the same.|
    CN201610228729.3A| CN106053591A|2015-04-13|2016-04-13|Inspection and monitoring system for a cable railway, and method for operating the same|
    US15/097,384| US10370007B2|2015-04-13|2016-04-13|Inspection and monitoring system for a cable railway and a method of operating the same|
    EP16165094.0A| EP3086115B1|2015-04-13|2016-04-13|Test and monitoring system for a ropeway, in particular for an urban transport of persons and goods, and method for operating the same|
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