• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The watch according to the invention comprises a mechanical or electromechanical watch movement, analog time indicators (24, 25), a moon indicator (27) indicating the lunar date on a scale (31) and driven by the movement of horology to perform a turn in one or two synodic lunations, and Chinese calendar indicator organs that are operated by a calendar mechanism driven from the moon indicator (27). A month motive, with an indicator of lunar months (34), is driven by means of a rocker so as to take a turn for a normal year of twelve months and a leap year of thirteen months. The other Chinese calendar indicators are driven on the basis of months and include a first year indicator (40) taking a turn in twelve years, a second year indicator (44) taking a turn in ten years, and a third indicator of years (37) making a turn in nineteen years and associated with a cam that represents the Chang cycle of ordinary years and leap years. The watch may further include a Julian perpetual calendar.
    公开号:CH710390B1
    申请号:CH01346/06
    申请日:2005-12-23
    公开日:2016-06-15
    发明作者:Vuilleumier Alain；Meylan Frédéric
    申请人:Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Background of the invention
    The present invention relates to a timepiece of the type comprising a watch movement, time indicator organs, a moon indicator member, driven by the watch movement and performing a turn for an integer number of lunations, calendar indicator bodies that are movable relative to the dial, and a calendar mechanism driven from the watch movement.
    The usual calendar watches are arranged to indicate the quantities specific to a solar calendar, especially the Julian calendar or the Gregorian calendar. The calendar mechanism is arranged essentially to total the number of days suitable for each month, and if necessary count the months and increment a counter of the years every twelve months. This mechanism is therefore simply driven once a day by the watch movement, by means of a wheel driven by the hour wheel with a ratio of 1: 2.
    The present invention aims to incorporate a timepiece indicator organs of the traditional Chinese calendar, which is still used today to set the date of certain festivals and for Chinese astrology. But this calendar is very different in that it is primarily based on lunations, the average duration of which is not equal to a whole number of days. The known mechanisms for displaying the magnitudes of the Julian calendar or another solar calendar can not be used for this purpose.
    [0004] The Chinese calendar is of the luni-solar type, in that it is based on lunar months that correspond to lunations, while the Chinese years have a variable duration in order to get as close as possible to the years. tropics, that is to say the apparent movement of the sun on the ecliptic. This calendar comprises a nineteen-year cycle, called the Chang cycle, which roughly comprises whole numbers of lunar months (235) and tropical and Chinese years (19) and whose origin is fixed from in order to satisfy the historical condition of the Chinese New Year on the second new moon after the winter solstice, with rare exceptions. Each of these periods of nineteen Chinese years includes twelve ordinary years of twelve lunar months and seven so-called leap years of thirteen lunar months. If we number the years in the Chang cycle, the leap years are typically numbers 1, 4, 7, 10, 12, 15 and 18. These years include an extra lunar month also having the duration of a lunation, which we call "leap month". This month is sandwiched between two ordinary months, a non-cyclical position that depends on astronomical data and therefore varies from one leap year to another. The following lunar months keep the same name or number as in an ordinary year. Depending on the time of the new moon of each New Year concerned, an ordinary year in the Chinese calendar may be 353, 354, or 366 days, while a leap year may be 383, 384, or 385 days.
    For more data on the Chinese calendar, the reader can refer to the book by Nachum DERSHOWITZ and Edward M. REINGOLD, Calendrical Calculations, Cambridge University Press, 1997; and Helmer ASLAKSEN's publications: The Mathematics of the Chinese Calendar, 13 May 2004, and LeapMonths.nb, Mathematica package, 1999, available at www.math.nus.edu.sg. We will limit ourselves here to mentioning that the Chinese years are not identified by a number, but by a denomination formed by a combination of two terms including a celestial trunk and a terrestrial branch. There are ten terrestrial trunks, each formed by the association of one of the five elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, water) with the term "Yang", then with the term "Yin" the following year, this which gives a cycle of ten years. On the other hand, there are twelve earthly branches, bearing the names of animals of the twelve constellations of the Chinese zodiac, which are traversed in twelve years by Jupiter. By the combination of the two cycles of ten and twelve, the denominations of the Chinese years are repeated in a cycle of sixty years.
    Summary of the invention
    The present invention relates to a timepiece that can be made in the form of a mechanical calendar watch and capable of indicating the cycles of twelve and thirteen lunar months of the Chinese years. In addition, the mechanical calendar should also be able to indicate the names of the Chinese years, in particular the celestial trunks and the terrestrial branches defining the sexagesimal cycle of the years of the Chinese calendar.
    For this purpose, there is provided a timepiece as defined in claim 1.
    [0008] Preferably, the months mobile is associated with a month indicator and the moon mobile is associated with an indicator of the age of the moon. Thus, one can read on the dial the respective numbers of the lunar day, that is to say the age of the moon, and the lunar month which is indicated by the month indicator.
    According to a preferred construction making it possible to obtain the abovementioned operation of the month indicator, the calendar mechanism comprises a rocker arranged to lean against a so-called Chang cam comprising nineteen, or a multiple of ten. nine, angular sectors of respective small or large heights to represent twelve to thirteen lunar months, the Chang cam being driven by the motive of the months to rotate at an angle corresponding to a sector at the end of each turn said mobile. The rocker is actuated once a lunar month by a cam connected to the moon mobile and comprises a first spout arranged to advance the moving month a thirteenth of a turn each actuation of the rocker, and further the rocker is provided a second spout arranged to engage in a detachment of the mobile months to advance this mobile an additional thirteenth of a turn in each year that the flip-flop rests against a sector of small radius of the cam of Chang. Preferably, said recess is on a spiral-shaped cam forming part of the moving month, the second spout being formed by a pawl mounted on the rocker and biased by a spring to be resiliently supported against said cam.
    The timepiece preferably comprises other calendar indicator organs, which are driven by the motive of the months and comprise: a first indicator of years, which makes a turn in twelve years and indicates the terrestrial branches, a second indicator of years, which takes a turn in ten years and indicates the celestial trunks and the term Yang or Yin, and a third indicator of years, which is related to Chang's cam and indicates the position of the year current in the nineteen year cycle. The combined indications of the first and second year indicators form in sixty years the complete cycle of denominations of years in the Chinese calendar. The third year indicator allows the user to see if the current year is leap and a watchmaker to adjust the positions of the elements of the mechanism, if any.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, which presents by way of nonlimiting examples various advantageous embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:<tb> fig. 1 <SEP> represents the upper face of a wristwatch, in particular its display members, according to a first embodiment of the invention,<tb> fig. 2 <SEP> is a transparency view schematically showing the calendar mechanism of the watch of FIG. 1,<tb> figs. 3 and 4 <SEP> are views similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 and represent a second embodiment of the invention,<tb> fig. <SEP> is a view similar to FIG. 1 and represents a third embodiment of the invention,<tb> fig. 6 <SEP> is a view similar to FIG. 2 and represents a fourth embodiment of the invention,<tb> figs. 7 and 8 <SEP> are views similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 and represent a fifth embodiment of the invention,<tb> fig. 9 <SEP> is a view similar to FIG. 1 and represents a sixth embodiment of the invention,<tb> fig. <SEP> is a schematic perspective view from below of a lunar month display device in the Chinese calendar, this device being able to be incorporated in various embodiments of the invention,<tb> fig. 11 <SEP> is a diagrammatic perspective view from above of the display device of FIG. 10, and<tb> figs. 12 to 14 <SEP> are schematic bottom views showing different positions of the display device of FIG. 10.
    Detailed description of various embodiments
    The wristwatch 20 shown in FIG. 1 comprises conventionally, on its upper face, a dial 21 associated with a plurality of rotary indicator members such as needles or discs which rotate opposite corresponding graduations affixed to the dial 21. These indicator organs are driven from the watchmaking movement of the watch 20, which may be mechanical or electromechanical. The watch comprises the usual control members of a calendar watch, in particular a control rod provided with an outer ring 22 and calendar correction means. In the example described below, all the indicator bodies rotate clockwise.
    The display members firstly comprise an analog display of the hour, by means of a 24 hour hand and a minute hand 25, for which the graduation is a usual round of hours. Of course, a second hand may also be provided, but it is not present in this example.
    [0014] An indicator of the phases and age of the moon conventionally includes a moon disk 27 making a turn in two lunar periods. The disk 27 is visible in a special shaped window 28 and carries two images 29 of the moon and two indexes 30 moving one after the other next to a semi-circular graduation 31 of the dial, which represents 29 , 5 days and allows to read the lunar date.
    The other indicator organs shown in FIG. 1 are indicators specific to the Chinese calendar. A month indicator 33 comprises a needle 34 (or a disk on which is represented a needle) which makes one turn per year opposite a graduation 35, divided into thirteen equal numbered fields which represent the numbers of the lunations, in other words the lunar months.
    An indicator 36 of the nineteen-year cycle, or Chang cycle, indicates by a needle 37 (or a disc on which is represented a needle) the rank of the Chinese year in the cycle on a graduation 38 to nineteen equal fields. The letter B added to some of the year numbers indicates that they are leap years, that is, thirteen months. Needle 37 takes a turn in nineteen Chinese years.
    A central hand 40, taking a turn in twelve Chinese years, indicates the terrestrial branches on a graduation 41 divided into twelve equal fields which correspond to the twelve terrestrial branches, that is to say to the twelve constellations of the Chinese zodiac, traversed in twelve years by Jupiter and bearing the names of twelve animals. The same fields of the graduation 41 are used to indicate the zodiac signs of the Chinese hours by means of another central hand 42 making a turn in twenty-four hours legal. Note that the twelve fields of the graduation 41 are each facing one of the intervals of the hour turn 26, to simplify the appearance of the dial, but it is not essential.
    The names of the animals are indicated here in English and in Chinese transcription; they mean respectively rat (RAT), ox (OX), tiger (TIGER), hare (RABBIT), dragon (DRAGON), snake (SNAKE), horse (HORSE), goat (GOAT), monkey (MONKEY), rooster ( CHICKEN), dog (DOG) and pig (PIG).
    A needle of the celestial trunks 44 takes a turn in ten Chinese years and indicates the celestial trunks on a scale 45 having ten equal fields, formed by five fields of the elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, water), each of which is divided into two equal parts Yang and Yin. The combination of the successive indications of the two needles 40 and 44 forms the sixty-year cycle of the Chinese calendar.
    A variant to obtain the same result would be to replace the Yang and Yin fields of the graduation 45 by a separate indicator, alternately displaying Yang or Yin. This solution could allow larger inscriptions on the dial, but the mechanism would be more complicated.
    In FIG. 1, there is further shown a needle 47 making a tour per tropical year to represent the movement of the sun on the ecliptic, facing four symbols 48 of the equinoxes and solstices. This indication is independent of the lunar calendar and can be obtained by means of a 1: 365.25 transmission from one element making one revolution per day.
    FIG. 2 shows the mechanism 50 driving the indicators 27, 34, 37, 40 and 44 of the luni-solar calendar from the hour wheel 51 of the watch movement of the watch, this wheel being secured to the hour hand 24 The wheel 51 meshes with a wheel 52 making a turn in twenty-four hours and having a finger 53 which advances by one step per day the toothing 54 to fifty-nine teeth of the moon disk 27, whose position is stopped by a jumper spring 55. Thus, the disc 27 makes a turn in 59 days. Of course, it is possible to provide another transmission ratio of 1:59, for example 16: 945, so that the duration of a half-revolution of the moon disk 27 corresponds more precisely to the average duration of a synodic lunation.
    The moon disk 27 is provided with a cam 56 having two spiral arms 57 arranged symmetrically, each of which corresponds to a lunation. Against this cam rests a finger 58 of a rocker 60 whose pivot axis is indicated by 61. In order to yield elastically beyond a certain support force, the finger 58 is mounted on the rocker 60 pivotally 91 and it comprises a spring blade 92 bearing against a pin 93 of the rocker. A not shown spring tends to pivot the rocker 60 in the direction of the arrow A, to maintain its finger 58 constantly bearing against the cam 56.
    Another finger 62 of the flip-flop 60 serves as a feeler to lean against a Chang 63 cam which represents the Chang cycle of nineteen years. For this purpose, the periphery of the cam 63 is divided into nineteen sectors having the same angular extension, but a radius which can have either a low value, representing an ordinary year to twelve months as the sector 64, or a high value corresponding to a leap year at thirteen months, as does the sector 65. The cam 63 is secured to the needle 37 (FIG 1) and a wheel 66 to nineteen teeth which meshes with a intermediate wheel 67 whose number of teeth is an integer multiple of nineteen, in this case thirty-eight teeth.
    The needle of the months 34 shown in FIG. 1 is integral with a motive of the month 70 making a tour per year of the lunisolar calendar Chinese, this year can count twelve or thirteen lunar months as indicated by the cam 63. The mobile 70 includes a wheel with thirteen teeth 71 maintained in position by a jumper spring 72, a spiral cam 73 having a recess 74, a pinion 75 and a finger 76 which, once a year, moves the wheel 67 of a tooth and thus rotates by one ninety-one turn the Chang 63 cam and the needle 37 associated therewith.
    The latch 60 comprises a first spout 77 arranged to advance one step the wheel 71, and a second spout 78 forming a pawl articulated on the rocker 79 and biased by a spring 80 which maintains it in support against the cam 73. The spouts 77 and 78 allow the rocker to rotate the mobile 70 step in the direction of the arrow B in the following manner.
    The flip-flop 60 is activated once a lunar month by the cam 56 and then pivots in the opposite direction to the arrow A, until its feeler finger 62 rests against that of the sectors 64 and 65 which represents the Chinese year in progress. During each month of a leap year, the feeler finger 62 and the rocker are stopped by a high sector 65 of the Chang cam, then the other finger 58 of the rocker is elastically pushed by the cam 56 which continues its rotation.
    At the moment when the advance of the moon disk 27 corresponds to a new moon, the end of the spiral arm 57 of the cam 56 passes beyond the finger 58, so that the latch 60 is released and rotates rapidly in the direction of A around the point 61 under the effect of its spring not shown. Its spout 77 then comes into contact with the toothing of the wheel 71 and advances the mobile 70 and the needle of the months 34 instantaneously by a thirteenth of a turn. During a normal year (at twelve months), the finger 62 of the flip-flop 60 can lean against the Chang 63 cam in a sector 64 of small radius, so that the flip-flop 60 pivots with a large amplitude. Its pawl 78 then makes a relatively large movement along the cam 73 and, at the time of the year when this movement is carried out near the recess 74 of the cam, it moves the motive of the months by a further step 70, just before the normal step produced by the spout 77. The month hand 34 thus advances two steps and is placed on the value 1 of the graduation 35.
    By cons, during a leap year (that is to say, thirteen months), the finger 62 of the rocker 60 rests against the Chang 63 cam in a sector 65 of large radius, so that the subsequent pivoting of the rocker in the direction of A has a small amplitude and the pawl 78 can not abut against the recess 74. It then takes thirteen movements of the latch 60 to produce a lathe of the mobile 70 months .
    The finger 76 is placed on the mobile 70 in a position such that it moves the wheels 67 and 66 under the action of the latch 60 at the end of the last lunar of the Chinese year. At this time, the changeover to the Chinese New Year is indicated by the needle 34 jumping to the month No. 1 and the needle 37 jumping to the next year on the graduation 38 of the Chang cycle. This movement is instantaneous since it accompanies that of the mobile 70.
    The needle 40 shown in FIG. 1 is integral with a central wheel land branches 82 which makes a turn in twelve years. This wheel is driven by the mobile 70 with a transmission ratio of 1:12 by means of an intermediate mobile comprising a wheel 83 which meshes with the pinion 75 and a wheel 84 which meshes with the wheel 82. for example, the numbers of teeth of the elements 75, 83, 84 and 82 can be respectively 13, 52, 26 and 78 teeth. Thus, in each of the twelve fields of the scale 41 representing the terrestrial branches, the needle 40 performs thirteen steps each Chinese year, two of these steps being made on the same day during a regular year.
    The needle 44 shown in FIG. 1 is secured to a wheel of the celestial trunks 86 which is driven from the central wheel 82 so as to make a turn in ten years, by means of a return wheel comprising two wheels 87 and 88. To ensure the transmission ratio of 5: 6, the numbers of teeth of the wheels 82, 87, 88 and 86 may for example be respectively 78, 13, 9 and 45. According to a variant, the wheel 86 could be driven from the mobile 70 with a ratio of 1:10.
    As mentioned above, the needle 42 indicating the Chinese hours makes a turn in twenty-four hours legal, which is also the speed of rotation of the wheel 52. This needle can be secured to a central wheel not shown, which meshes with a wheel 89 of the same diameter, integral with the wheel 52. However, as the position of the needle 42 could be based either on the lunar hour of Beijing, or on the local time, either on any time zone, it would be desirable to interpose a friction device in the transmission driving this needle, to allow to adjust its position relative to the hour hand 24 depending on the location where find the wearer of the watch.
    Of course, the calendar mechanism shown in FIG. 2 may be equipped with various correctors for putting the different indicator organs in the desired position, especially after a period of stopping the watch. Devices of this type, operated by means of small pushers housed in the middle of the case, are well known in the field of calendar watches and do not need to be described in detail here.
    The calendar mechanism described above therefore automatically reproduces the cycles of 19 years and 60 years of the Chinese calendar, so that it can be described as perpetual.
    Other embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9 and using the same reference numbers for elements equivalent to those of the example described above.
    Figs. 3 and 4 schematically show a simplified embodiment of the invention. The display according to FIG. 3 is greatly simplified compared to the version of FIG. 1, by deleting the index 30 and the needles 37, 40, 42, 44 and 47, as well as corresponding graduations. The index 30 is replaced by a lunar date hand 101 capable of making a turn in thirty days opposite a circular graduation 102. In this case, it is planned to display in a window 103 of the dial 21 the number ( reference 104) of the leap month during a Chinese leap year. During an ordinary year, the wicket may remain empty or display a sign of normality instead of this number. The lunar months are indicated by a needle 105 on a circular graduation 106 which has only twelve positions in this example.
    The corresponding mechanism, shown in FIG. 4, is obviously devoid of cogs driving the needles of the first embodiment which are deleted here, but it also has several differences. The moon disk 27 actuated by the finger 53 has 60 teeth on its periphery. It carries a wheel 108 for driving, via a two-wheel return gear 109, 110 with a transmission ratio of 2, a wheel 111 integral with the lunar date hand 101. A conventional hand-held concealer, not shown, allows to advance step by step the disc 27 and with it the needle 101. A rocker 114 pivoted at 115 is biased in the direction of the arrow A by a not shown spring, so that its finger 116 remains constantly in sliding support against the cam 56 secured to the disk 27. The rocker has a spout 117 which actuates step by step the mobile months 120. This is greatly simplified with respect to the mobile 70 of the previous example, since it comprises only one wheel 121, having twelve teeth instead of thirteen, carrying the needle 105 and a finger 122 and held in position by a jumper spring 123. A ring of the years 124, provided with an internal toothing not shown, has on its upper face any number N equal fields that appear successively in the box 103 and can each carry an indication specific to the Chinese year concerned. As mentioned above, it is intended in this example to indicate in the window the number 104 of the leap month of each leap year of the Chinese calendar. Since the series of these numbers is not cyclic, the ring 124 can only be used for N years, then it must be replaced by a ring bearing the indications specific to the next N years. The number N of the fields of the ring can go to at least about sixty without the indication 104 becoming too small.
    As in the previous example, the moon disk 27 advances one step per day under the action of the finger 53 and its cam 56 raises little by little the rocker 114 during a lunation. At the same time, the disk drives the needle 101 at the speed of a turn in thirty days to indicate the age of the moon, in other words the lunar date. When the lunation extends only twenty-nine solar days, the user of the watch must act on the corrector on the day of the new moon, so that the needle 101 makes that day a step further to pass from 29 to 1 on the 102 graduation. This correction can be made at the moment chosen by the user.
    At each new moon, when the needle 101 will be placed opposite the number 1 of the graduation 102, the end of the arm 57 of the cam 56 reaches the finger 116 of the rocker 114, the beak 117 the teeth of the wheel 121, the latter and the needle 105 advance one step, then the finger 116 falls into the next recess of the cam 56. At the new moon of the Chinese New Year, the finger 122 is located next to the teeth of the ring 124 and it thus advances this ring a step to show the characteristic indication of the new year in the box 103.
    During a Chinese leap year, the number 104 of the extra lunar month (called leap month) is indicated to the user in the box 103. When the needle 105 arrives on the next month number, the user must step back the motive of months 120 by means of a conventional corrector (not shown) so that the needle 105 returns to the number of the leap month, since this number must be repeated for the next lunar month. Thus, the last lunar month of the leap year will always have the number 12 and the finger 122 will play its role at the right moment, but the mobile 120 has been activated thirteen times by the rocker during this year.
    Note that the latch 114 has a dragging effect on the mobile 120. It could nevertheless be used in this mechanism an instantaneous rocker, of the kind of the latch 60 described above, but it would occupy more space.
    FIG. 5 shows an embodiment comprising the same elements as that of FIGS. 3 and 4, but supplemented by Chinese calendar indications which exist in the first embodiment, illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2, namely: the needle 40 indicating the terrestrial branch of the year next to the graduation 41 according to a cycle of twelve years, the needle 44 indicating the element and the sign yang or yin of the year on the graduation 45 in a ten-year cycle, and the needle 42 indicating the zodiac sign of the Chinese time on the graduation 41. The corresponding wheels are the same as in FIG. 2 and are driven by the pinion 75, added for this purpose to the moving month 120 shown in FIG. 4.
    Figs. 10 to 14 show a display device of the lunar month which takes into account the leap years of the Chinese calendar and which can be incorporated in various embodiments of the invention, in particular those of FIGS. 3 to 5 to replace the elements 103 to 106 and the mobile of the months 120.
    The display device shown in Figs. 10 and 11 comprises three concentric parts rotatable about a common axis 200 vertically oriented in these drawings, namely a drive wheel 201, a mobile lunar months 202 and a stop member 203 on which is fixed a needle B permanently indicating the position of the month bis. Note in this regard that in the case of a year without a month bis, the needle B is positioned at noon on the scale 204. These three rotating parts are mounted between a support board and the dial of the timepiece , who are not represented. The upper face of the dial is provided with a circular graduation of the months 204 divided into equal fields numbered from 1 to 12 from the Chinese New Year. On this graduation points an indicator formed by a needle 206 fixed to a plate 207 of the mobile of months 202. This mobile further comprises a toothed satellite wheel 208 rotatably mounted on the lower face of the plate 207, away from the center of the plate. The satellite wheel 208 is permanently braked on the plate 207 by a friction retainer, for example a spring washer clamped between these two elements. On the opposite side of the plate, the satellite wheel has a series of stop elements 209, six in this case, which are distributed over its circumference to cooperate with a finger 210 of the stop piece 203. The stop elements 209 may be in the form of radial blades or teeth, for example. In the position shown in Figs. 10 and 11, where the needle 206 points to the twelfth field of the graduation 204 and thus indicates the last month of the year, two successive stop elements 209 along the arcuate edge of a fixed blocking plate 212 which provides a precise orientation of the satellite wheel 208 and prevents it from rotating there.
    The drive wheel 201 has on the outside a first toothing 213 with twelve teeth and inside a second toothing 214 which meshes with the satellite wheel 208. The toothing 213 allows an element of the mechanism of calendar of the timepiece, for example the rocker 114 of the embodiment according to FIG. 4, turn wheel 201 one twelfth of a turn at each new moon.
    The angular position of the stop finger 210 relative to the graduation of the months 204 corresponds to the position of a possible leap month in the sequence of lunar months of the current year. This position is defined by a rotating annular cam 215 whose inner edge has, for each year of the luni-solar calendar, a range 216 whose level (in this case the distance to the center of the cam) represents either the absence of a leap month, which is the rank of a leap month among the other months of the year. Since a leap month is never the last of the year in the Chinese calendar, the 215 cam has eleven levels for the leap months and one twelfth to represent the ordinary years. In the present example, cam 215 is provided for a 76-year (4 × 19) series of the Chinese calendar, but this number is arbitrary and could be different, for example 60. After this series of years, the cam will be replaced. 215 by a cam representing the following series of years.
    During each year, a feeler 218 pivoting 219 is held by a spring against the corresponding bearing 216 of the cam 215. The probe 218 comprises as a transmission means a rake 220 which meshes with a toothed hub 221 of the stop piece 203 so as to position the finger 210 according to the level of said range. When this level corresponds to an ordinary year, the finger 210 is positioned opposite the locking plate 212, in which position the stop piece 203 is moved axially downward by a fixed ramp so that the stop elements 209 of the satellite wheel 208 can pass over the finger 210 without interfering with it.
    At each Chinese New Year, the cam of the years 215 must pivot around its center to advance one step when the display device passes from the last month of a year to the first month of the following year. This movement can be produced by a tooth 224 fixed on the plate 207 and acting on a gear mechanism (not shown) which is engaged with a toothing of the cam 215. This mechanism must further back the probe 218 to move it away. the cam 215 just before it turns, then release the probe after the movement of the cam, which will put the stop finger 210 in the appropriate position for the coming year. The rotation of the plate 207 at New Year brings the needle 206 to the number 1 of the graduation of the months.
    If the year is not leap year, the probe 218 takes its extreme position to the left, against a range of twelfth level of the cam 215, so that the finger 210 is placed in front of the plate 212, as explained above, and therefore has no effect during this year. At each new moon, the rotation of the drive wheel 201 one twelfth of a turn in the clockwise direction displaces the planet wheel 208 and produces an equal rotation of the plate 207 and the needle 206, since the braked satellite wheel can not not turn on itself. At the end of the twelfth lunar month, the plateau 207 will have made a complete turn and the operations described in the preceding paragraph will be repeated.
    If the year is leap, the probe 218 is stopped less by the cam 215 and keeps the finger 210 during the whole year in a position corresponding to the number of the month preceding the leap month, for example as the show figs. 12 to 14. More precisely, this position is such that, when the needle 206 indicates the number of the said month preceding the leap month (position according to Fig. 12), the finger 210 forms a stop in front of the closest of the stop elements 209 of the satellite wheel. At the end of this month, when the drive wheel 201 is a twelfth of a turn in the direction indicated by the arrow A and thus pushes the satellite wheel 208, the finger 210 retains the stop element 209 and thus forces the 208 satellite wheel to turn on itself by overcoming the braking torque it undergoes. The rotation of the plate 207 is then greatly reduced, so that the needle 206 remains in the field bearing the number of the previous month on the graduation 204. FIG. 13 represents this position of the display device. In the fields 1 to 11 of the graduation of the months, it is advantageous to provide a leap month sign 225 (FIG.11) in the zone where the needle 206 is placed in this circumstance. At the end of this month, the new pitch of the drive wheel 201 completes the rotation of a fraction of a turn (of a sixth of a turn in the example shown) corresponding to the number of stopping elements of the satellite wheel 208 and the reduced rotation of the plate 207, so that the needle 206 passes to the next field of the graduation 204 to increment by one unit the number of the month by reaching the position of FIG. 14. The 210 finger will have no effect during the rest of the year. Thus, during the thirteen lunar months of a leap year, the drive wheel 201 advances by 13/12 turn, while the mobile of the month 202 and its needle 206 make exactly one complete turn.
    Of course, the example described here is only one possible embodiment of the display of the months and it can be subject to many changes and variations within the reach of a skilled person. For example, instead of the stop finger 210 being axially displaced in its position corresponding to an ordinary year, it could be resiliently mounted on the stop piece 203, so that the satellite wheel 208, prevented from rotating by the plate blocking 212, pushes it back and crosses it at the end of the first month of the year. The elastic restraint of the finger should nevertheless be strong enough to overcome the braking of the satellite wheel at the beginning of a leap month.
    It is possible to configure the cam of the years 215 in different ways to adapt it to the rules relating to the months and leap years in different luni-solar calendars, which makes it possible to apply the principles of the present invention to displays. Greek, Jewish or Indian calendar, for example.
    FIG. 6 shows an embodiment similar to that of FIG. 2 and operating in the same way, with the differences described below. The Chang 63 cam of FIG. 2 is replaced by an annular Chang cam designated herein by 130, the inner side of which has a set of teeth 131 and lower sectors 132 and highs 133 of the same angular extension, respectively representing the ordinary years and leap years of the Chinese calendar. In this example, the cam has three nineteen of these sectors and will complete a complete turn in fifty-seven years, three cycles of Chang. The finger 62 of the rocker 60 rotated 61 will abut against the sector corresponding to the current year when the rocker is sufficiently raised by the cam 56 of the moon indicator, as in the first embodiment. To drive the cam 130 once a year in place of the wheels 66 and 67 of FIG. 2, there is provided a two-wheeled double-wheeled gear train 135 and 137, the first of which is attacked at each Chinese New Year by the finger 76 of the mobile of the months 70, while the second is in permanent engagement with the toothing 131 of the ring of the cam 130. This ring can furthermore bear indications characteristic of the Chinese year, in particular the indication 104 of the number of the leap month for the display in the window 103 as in the example of FIGS. 3 and 4.
    Figs. 7 and 8 show a variant of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6. This variant comprises the indication of the leap month, which is carried out here by means of a needle 140 of the retrograde type opposite a graduation 141 made of a sector of circle graduated from 1 to 12, and the indication of number of the current year 142 in the Chang cycle, appearing in a wicket 143.
    The appropriate mechanism includes all the elements of that of FIG. 6, except that the indication 104 is replaced by that 142 of the number of the year, by inscriptions on the ring of the cam of Chang 130. Under this cam is a second annular cam 150 whose inner edge comprises a number M of steps 151 whose height represents the number of the leap month in a Chinese leap year (ie eleven possible heights, since the leap month is never the last month of the Chinese year), with in addition a twelfth zero height corresponding to ordinary years. This leap month cam 150 has an internal toothing 152 enabling it to be driven from the toothing 131 of the cam 130 via a double-wheeled return gear 154 and an inversion wheel 155. These two cams therefore advance once a year. simultaneously, but not at the same angle.
    The retrograde needle 140 is secured to a wheel 156 meshing with the rack 157 of a rake 158 pivoted at 159 and biased by a spring in the direction of the arrow C. A finger 160 of the rake goes well abut against that of the stands 151 of the cam 150 which corresponds to the current Chinese year. If the height of this step is zero, it means that the year is normal and the needle shows it while being located opposite a specific mark 162 at the end of the graduation 141. If the Chinese year is leap year, the step has a non-zero height which determines the proper positions of the rake and the needle 140 to indicate the leap month number. The wearer of the watch uses this indication in combination with the indication of the lunar months by the needle 34.
    At the time of the Chinese New Year, the fall of the latch 60 will produce instantaneous movements of the mobile 70 months, the gear 135 and 137 driven by the finger 76, and the two annular cams 130 and 150. It is necessary therefore, at this time, briefly back the rake 158 to release the finger 160 of the cam 150. For this purpose, the base of the rake is provided with a wheel 164 (which can be reduced to a toothed sector) which is attacked by a rack 165 of a lever 166 hinged at 167 on the rocker 60. This device backs the rake at the beginning of the movement of the rocker in the direction of the arrow A and holds the rake to the stage where the finger 76 mobile 70 has completed its action. The rack 165 is then disengaged from the wheel 164, so that the rake is returned by its spring against the new step 151 of the cam 150.
    FIG. 9 shows an embodiment where a Chinese calendar display according to the present invention, particularly in the version of FIG. 7, is combined in the same watch with a Julian calendar display by means of a classic perpetual calendar mechanism. This mechanism can be of a well-known type, driven from the hour wheel, and is therefore not represented here. The display of the ten-year Chinese cycle by the needle 44 and the graduation 45 (FIG 7) is replaced by two concentric indicators, namely a needle 170 indicating the calendar julien next to a graduation 171 and a needle 172 indicating the Julian month next to a graduation mark 173. On the other hand, a four-year-old hand 174 indicates the year in the four-year Julian cycle, next to a 175 mark with a LY sign identifying a leap year Julian.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    1. Timepiece comprising a watch movement, a dial (21), time indicator members (24, 25, 42), a moon mobile (27, 101) driven by the watch movement and performing one turn during an integer number of lunations, calendar indicator members (34, 37, 40, 44, 47, 105, 124, 140) which are movable relative to the dial, and a calendar mechanism (50) driven from of the watch movement and comprising a motive of the months (70, 120) making a turn per ordinary year and leap year, characterized in that said calendar is a luni-solar calendar, comprising ordinary years comprising twelve lunar months and leap years comprising thirteen lunar months, and in that the motive of the months (70, 120) is driven by the moon motive (27, 101).
    [2]
    2. Timepiece according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile months (70, 120) is associated with a month indicator (34, 105).
    [3]
    3. Timepiece according to claim 1, characterized in that the moon mobile (27) is associated with an indicator of the age of the moon (30, 101).
    [4]
    4. Timepiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the calendar mechanism comprises a rocker (60) arranged to abut against a so-called Chang cam (63, 130) comprising nineteen, or a multiple of nineteen, angular sectors (64, 65) of respective small or large heights to represent twelve to thirteen lunar months, the Chang cam being driven by the months motive so as to rotate at an angle corresponding to a sector at the end of each revolution of said mobile, in that the rocker (60) is actuated once a lunar month by a cam (56) connected to the moon mobile (27, 101) and comprises a first nozzle ( 77) arranged to advance the moving month (70) by a thirteenth of a turn each actuation of the rocker, and in that the rocker is provided with a second nozzle (78) arranged to engage in a recess (74) of the mobile of the months (70) to advance this mobile of a an additional thirteenth of revolution in each year the flip-flop leans against a low-level sector (64) of the Chang cam (63, 130).
    [5]
    5. Timepiece according to claim 4, characterized in that said recess (74) is on a cam (73) in the form of a spiral part of the moving months (70), the second spout (78) being formed by a pawl mounted on the rocker (60) and biased by a spring to be able to bear elastically against said cam (73).
    [6]
    6. Timepiece according to claim 4, characterized in that the mobile months (70) comprises a thirteen-toothed wheel (71) on which acts the first spout (77) of the rocker, a finger (76) arranged for advancing the Chang cam (63) one step each year, and a pinion (75) for driving at least one year indicator (40,44).
    [7]
    7. Timepiece according to claim 1, characterized in that the calendar indicator bodies comprise a first year indicator (40), driven from the mobile months (70) and making a turn in twelve years.
    [8]
    8. Timepiece according to claim 1, characterized in that the calendar indicator bodies comprise a year indicator (44) driven from the mobile months (70) and making a turn in ten years.
    [9]
    9. Timepiece according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that said year indicator (44) making a turn in ten years is driven from a wheel (82) of the first year indicator (40). ).
    [10]
    Timepiece according to Claim 4, characterized in that the calendar indicator members comprise a year indicator (37, 142) which is linked to the Chang cam (63) and indicates the position of the year. running on a graduation (38) of nineteen years, where leap years are distinguished from ordinary years, or in a window (143) of the dial.
    [11]
    Timepiece according to claim 1, characterized in that the calendar indicating members comprise an indication of the number (104) of the leap month in the leap years, this number being affixed to an annual rotating element moved by a step each year and appearing in a counter (103) of the dial.
    [12]
    Timepiece according to claim 4, characterized in that the calendar indicator members comprise an indication of the leap month number in the leap years, by means of a retrograde hand (140) controlled by a rake (158). which palpates a cam of leap months (150) moved one step each year.
    [13]
    13. Timepiece according to claim 3, characterized in that the indicator of the age of the moon (101) is driven step by step by the watch movement so as to perform a turn in thirty days and is provided with a manual correction device allowing a user to take an additional step to said indicator.
    [14]
    14. Timepiece according to claim 13, characterized in that the calendar mechanism comprises a rocker (114) actuated once per lunar month by a cam (56) connected to the moon mobile (27, 101) and comprises a nose (117) arranged to advance the mobile months (120) of a twelfth of a turn each actuation of the rocker (114).
    [15]
    15. Timepiece according to claims 11 and 14, characterized in that the mobile months (120) comprises a twelve-toothed wheel (121), on which acts the spout (117) of the rocker, a correction device manually and a finger (122) arranged to advance one step each year said annual rotational member (124).
    [16]
    Timepiece according to claim 2, characterized in that the month indicator concentrically comprises:a lunar month mobile (202), trained step by step for a regular year and leap year and provided with a month indicator (206) which is associated with a twelve-month graduation (204), the mobile lunar months having a plate (207) carrying a toothed satellite wheel (208) whose rotation on the plate is prevented by a retaining device, the satellite wheel having further stop elements (209) evenly distributed on its circumference ,a drive wheel (201) having a first toothing (213), to be driven on a twelfth of a turn at the end of each month, and a second toothing (214) which meshes with that of the satellite wheel,and a rotary stop finger (210) capable of forming a stop for at least one of the stop elements (209) of the satellite wheel (208) and thereby rotate the wheel by overcoming the force of the retainer while the tray (207) rotates;the device further comprising positioning means (215, 216, 218-221) arranged to place and hold the stop finger (210) in a selected position corresponding to one month of said graduation (204).
    [17]
    17. Timepiece according to claim 16, characterized in that the positioning means comprise a cam years (215), having for each year of a series of years a scope (216) whose level represents the absence or the presence of a leap month in the year and the rank of the leap month if any, a probe (218) able to lean against the scope corresponding to the current year on the cam years, and a mechanism of transmission between the probe and the stop finger.
    [18]
    18. Timepiece according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises a needle (B) integral with the stop piece (203) and associated with said twelve-month graduation (204) to indicate permanently the leap month of the year.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20090274010A1|2009-11-05|
    JP2009501897A|2009-01-22|
    AT532111T|2011-11-15|
    EP1677165A1|2006-07-05|
    HK1114427A1|2008-10-31|
    TW200636403A|2006-10-16|
    KR101247937B1|2013-04-02|
    JP4757265B2|2011-08-24|
    US7773462B2|2010-08-10|
    EP1877872A1|2008-01-16|
    WO2006069981A1|2006-07-06|
    TWI353493B|2011-12-01|
    CN101111806A|2008-01-23|
    EP1677165B1|2011-11-02|
    CN100593142C|2010-03-03|
    KR20070112765A|2007-11-27|
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    法律状态:
    2020-08-14| PK| Correction|Free format text: LE NUMERO DE LA PUBLICATION WO A ETE RECTIFIE: WO 2006069981 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP04031017A|EP1677165B1|2004-12-30|2004-12-30|Timepiece with a mechanical Chinese calendar|
    PCT/EP2005/057148|WO2006069981A1|2004-12-30|2005-12-23|Timepiece comprising a mechanical chinese calendar|
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