• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The application provides a thermoacoustic protective structure for a rotary machine. The thermoacoustic protective structure includes a top wall (1) and a parallel bottom wall (2), with at least one sound absorbing material (3) interposed therebetween. The upper wall (1) and the lower wall (2) are connected to at least one connecting element (4) of a widened shape. The connecting element (4) has in cross section at least one curved or rectilinear portion (4a, 4b) which is not orthogonal to the two walls (1, 2). A length of the connecting element (4) between the upper wall (1) and the lower wall (2) is greater than a distance between the upper wall (1) and the lower wall (2). The connecting element (4) also has at least one corner (5) in cross-section.
    公开号:CH710303B1
    申请号:CH01491/15
    申请日:2015-10-14
    公开日:2019-07-15
    发明作者:Billy Frédéric
    申请人:Ge Energy Products France Snc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    Technical Field This invention provides a thermoacoustic protective structure for rotating machinery and, more particularly, provides a structure in which an absorbing acoustic material is positioned therein. In particular, the invention relates to the field of thermoacoustic protection for rotating machinery and its devices, such as gas turbines and alternators.
    Background of the Invention The noise generated by rotating machinery and its equipment can have high sound power levels, which can reach 130 dB (A) (A-weighted decibel level) to 160 dB (A) and can propagate to adjacent devices. For example, a protective housing, air inlet ducts, or air outlet ducts of a gas turbine may form the preferred ways of propagating sound waves.
    Thus, a reduction of the noise emitted by the devices is possible through the use of panels having a suitable structure. In general, the structure of the panels may comprise at least two walls, an outer panel and an inner panel having at least one layer of acoustic insulation material positioned between the two panels and stiffening or connecting elements between the panels in which the elastic damping methods facilitate the transfer can derive from vibrations through the structure. The acoustic phenomenon in the panel structures can be classified into three types: Reflection: a part of the sound wave is sent to an inner part of the device. - Absorption: Dissipation of energy from a wave into the walls and into the materials (or air) introduced between the walls. Transmission: emission of energy by vibration of the entire structure towards the outside of the device.
    As described in the document EP 1 657 374, acoustic panels are made of a metal. The panel construction is based on the theory that mass is the main factor for achieving sound reduction. This is based on the important fact that the more the mass increases, the more the noise can be reduced. Thus, the acoustic panels containing the metal plates can achieve noise reduction by the mass effect. A porous material also achieves a reduction by the effect of viscosity and friction. Damper attenuate the vibrations and the sound energy between the outer and the inner wall, since these elements are usually made of an elastic or flexible material, such as rubber.
    Absorption of sound waves in a panel structure according to the publications EP 2 017 826 and FR 2 356 820 can be carried out by means of Helmholtz resonators, in particular for applications in an air inlet in the vicinity of a gas turbine compressor. Further, as proposed in US 4 084 367, Helmholtz resonators may be used for the acoustic absorption of wave frequencies in the range of 250 Hz and 2000 Hz. In FR 2 356 820, resonator chambers of various volumes or lengths ensure suppression of the noise over a wide range of frequencies.
    As far as the damping of vibrations is concerned, US Pat. No. 5,907,932 proposes two horizontal connecting elements between two sheet-metal panels and a damping element between the connecting elements for absorbing the vibrations passing through the structure. US 7,467,687 proposes the use of two elastic members on each side of a connector positioned at a juncture between the member and each panel. The vibration damping elements are usually made of rubber or an elastic material. Thus, the acoustic absorption is accomplished either by an absorption material or by resonators. A reduction of the acoustic transmission phenomenon through the structures is achieved by the vibration dampers with elements usually made of an elastic material.
    The transmission and propagation of noise through structural walls, including through the damping material, can cause the excitation of resonant modes of the structure by solid state vibrations, thus causing noise emission through the surface of the outer wall. This phenomenon can be reduced by multiplying vibration damper points in all the elements connecting the structure and the panels. This multiplication tends to increase the number of elements of the structure and can extend the assembly time for the panels.
    In fact, it is sometimes necessary, during maintenance operations, to undertake the removal and reassembly of the acoustic structure around the equipment without guaranteeing that the resulting acoustic performances will be commensurate with those originally created. In particular, the vibration-released elastic damper elements may age due to the high temperatures and vibration levels characteristic in the operation of the rotary machines.
    Summary of the Invention This invention aims to overcome these disadvantages. In particular, the invention proposes a thermoacoustic protective structure for a rotating machine. The thermoacoustic protective structure enables peeling or supplementing of the elastic vibration damping elements to reduce the acoustic transmission phenomenon while ensuring extinction or reduction of sound waves. Another object of the invention is to provide a structure that is easy to assemble and economical to manufacture. Thus, the invention aims at a thermoacoustic protective device for the rotating machine.
    The structure according to the invention may include an upper and a parallel lower wall, between which at least one sound-absorbing material is inserted. The upper and lower walls are connected to at least one connecting element of a widened shape. The connecting element shows in cross-section at least one, in particular curved or rectilinear, section which is not orthogonal to the two walls. A length of the connecting element between the upper and the lower wall is greater than the distance between the upper wall and the lower wall. The connecting element further shows at least one corner in the cross section.
    Thus, the geometry of the connecting element, which has one or more deviations compared to the normal between the walls means that the transverse length of the connecting element is increased. This magnification allows spacing of the appropriate modes at low frequencies by increasing the length of the connector while maintaining a low system height of the panel. In this geometry, the reduction of the sound waves of the connecting element along the width of the part is favored. Thus, the magnitude of the resonance between 250 Hz and 2000 Hz is reduced, which reduces the acoustic transmission at these frequencies.
    By a corner in the sense of the invention, the term is understood to mean the connection area between two non-parallel adjacent sections, regardless of whether it is straight or curved. The connecting member may include an upper contact portion provided for connecting the member to the lower wall and a number of straight or curved portions, the adjacent portions being non-parallel and interconnected at a corner. Thus, the sum of the lengths of the various sections is greater than the distance between the upper wall and the lower wall. The connecting element may include an upper contact area and / or a lower contact area or no contact area at the ends of the connecting element. The rectilinear sections may have the same length or different lengths.
    The corners are advantageously obtained by folding in particular an item, which makes the assembly procedure for the structure simple and inexpensive. To simplify the assembly process for the structure, the connector may advantageously include a number of rectilinear options. The angle between the upper wall and the upper contact area may be equal to the angle between the lower wall and the lower contact area, more or less four degrees, and the bending angle between the upper wall and the upper contact area and the angle between the lower wall and the lower contact area more or less 4 degrees.
    The structure may include a type of viscoelastic material damper element interposed between the upper contact area and the upper wall and / or between the lower contact area and the lower wall. The surface between the upper contact area and the corner of the upper wall may be between 10% and 20% of the upper wall surface, and the surface between the lower contact area and the corner of the lower wall may be between 10% and 20% of the lower wall surface.
    In the cross section, the length of the lower contact region is preferably greater than 10% of the total length of the connecting element, and the length of the upper contact region is preferably greater than 10% of the total length of the connecting element. The sound absorbing material may include melamine, rockwool, glass, foam and / or balls. The thickness of the sound absorbing material is advantageously at least equal to 50% of the distance between the bottom wall and the top wall. The attachment of the connecting element to the lower wall and / or to the upper wall can be carried out by welding. The attachment of the connecting element to the lower wall and / or to the upper wall may be a releasable attachment.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other characteristics and advantages of this invention will become apparent upon reading the following description, given as an illustrative and non-restrictive example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a thermoacoustic protective structure for the rotary machine according to the invention according to a first embodiment.
    FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the connecting element according to FIG. 1. FIG.
    Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the thermoacoustic protective structure for the rotary machine according to the invention according to a second embodiment.
    Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a thermoacoustic protective structure for the rotary machine according to the invention according to a third embodiment.
    Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a thermoacoustic protective structure for the rotary machine according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment.
    6 shows a perspective view of the connecting element according to FIG. 5.
    Fig. 7 shows a schematic transverse view of a thermoacoustic protective structure according to the invention according to a fifth embodiment.
    Fig. 8 illustrates a top view of the various possible geometries of the thermoacoustic protective structure.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION As illustrated in FIG. 1, a thermoacoustic structure for a rotary machine according to the invention may include at least a single panel 10. Each panel 10 may include a top wall 1 (also referred to as a top panel or fencing panel) and a bottom wall 2 (also referred to as an interior panel), the bottom wall 2 being generally a perforated panel , Between the outer plate 1 and the inner plate 2 is inserted one or more layers of a sound absorbing material 3, usually in at least 50% of the space between the upper wall 1 and the lower wall 2. For each panel 10, at least a single connecting element 4 connects the outer plate 1 and the inner plate 2 with each other. As an example, in Fig. 1, two connectors 4 are used for each panel 10.
    In the structure according to the invention, the connecting element 4 in cross-section is not completely perpendicular to the walls 1, 2 fixed (ie, the connecting element 4 may include at least a portion 4a, 4b, not perpendicular to the walls 1,2 aligned is), in such a way that in cross-section, the length of the connecting element between the upper wall 1 and the lower wall 2 may be greater than the distance D between the upper wall 1 and the lower wall. 2
    According to the first embodiment of Fig. 1, the connecting element 4 carries a single corner or edge (or fold or crease) 5, which marks two rectilinear portions 4a and 4b which are not aligned with one another. The corner 5 may be arranged on the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the connecting element 4, but not necessarily. The two straight sections 4a, 4b can thus have the same length.
    Because of the non-vertical portions 4a, 4b, the length of the connecting element 4 between the upper wall 1 and the lower wall 2 may be greater than the distance D between the upper wall 1 and the lower wall 2, which is a reduction of the phenomenon of allows acoustic transmission in a certain frequency range while the system height is limited.
    The connecting element 4 may further at its ends an upper contact portion 6 a, which is provided for connection of the connecting element 4 with the upper wall 1, and optionally a lower contact portion 6 b, which is provided for connection of the connecting element with the lower wall 2 , A viscous elastic type or other type damper member 7 may be interposed between the upper contact portion 6a and the upper wall 1 and / or between the lower contact portion 6b and the lower wall 2 (Fig. 3).
    An acute angle between the upper portion 4a and the upper wall 1 is cd. An acute angle between the lower portion 4b and the lower wall 2 is a2. cd can be equal to a2 with a tolerance of four degrees (FIG. 1). cd can also differ from a2 ± 4 ° (FIG. 3). The outer corner (i.e., the angle smaller than 180 °) between the two sections 4a and 4b is β1 and may be equal to the sum of cd and a2, also with a tolerance of four degrees. Thus, at least two connecting elements 4 allow the mounting of a structure with two parallel walls 1, 2. In addition, each contact area 6a, 6b represents at least 10% of the total surface area of the connecting element 4. Each contact area 6a, 6b can be welded or welded to the walls 1,2 be fixed by a releasable attachment, possibly with a damper element 4.
    Fig. 2 illustrates in a perspective, the connecting element 4 of FIG. 1st
    Fig. 4 illustrates a generalization of the embodiment according to Figs. 1 and 3. It shows that the connecting element 4 can be folded with a radius of curvature at each fold 5 and the rectilinear portions between the folds 5.
    If the length "h" of a straight segment approaches 0, then a curvilinear profile is found (composed of circular arcs, sinusoidal profiles, or some other shape), and in this case the same
    Definition of angles make it possible to force a parallelism between the top wall and the bottom wall 2 of the panel 10.
    According to a fourth embodiment, as illustrated in Fig. 5, each connecting element 4, two corners 5a, 5b, the three rectilinear portions 4a, 4b, 4c mark included. The corners 5a, 5b are preferably equidistant from their respective contact area 6a, 6b. Thus, the three sections 4a, 4b, 4c have a substantially equal length in cross-section.
    As the first embodiment, the connecting element 4 also at its ends an upper contact portion 6 a, which is provided for connection of the element 4 with the upper wall 1, and optionally a lower contact portion 6 b included, for the connection of the element with the lower wall 2 is provided.
    Fig. 6 illustrates in a perspective the connecting element 4 according to Fig. 5. The structure of the panels 10 according to the invention may be a generalization of the shape of the connecting element 4, such as N longitudinal edges and N + 1 rectilinear sections wearing. The distance between two adjacent corners is preferably the same on the entire connecting element 4.
    After folding, the angles cd, a2 are less than 90 ° and advantageously give the following ratios: if N = 1, βN = a1 + a2 (± 4 °) - if N> 1, β1 = ... = βN = a1 + a2 (± 4 °) These angles may be different, but the above-mentioned ratios ensure easier fabrication.
    Fig. 7 illustrates an embodiment in which the angles of the panels 10 are different.
    The angles aligned in Fig. 7 are defined in the following manner:
    where: N is the number of folds,
    -a2 = N
    Thus, the angle a2 is defined by:
    The previous equations (1) verify the equation (2):
    Among the advantages of the invention is a simple implementation, because the folding of the connecting element can be made with standard tools. In addition, the absence of a damper enables assembly and disassembly while reducing the number of parts required for each operation. In addition, the attachment of the fastener may be accomplished by standard methods or by welding or by releasable fasteners, e.g. with screws and nuts, or by riveting or clamping or clamping. The connection between the connecting element 4 and the upper wall 1 is preferably made by a detachable arrangement, wherein the releasable attachment is possible due to the gap left between the sound absorbing material 3 and the upper wall 1.
    The process for assembling a structure according to the invention may comprise the following steps: - at least one connecting element 4 is placed on the surface of a first wall, e.g. on the lower wall 2, positioned.
    Welding the contact area 6b of the connecting element 4 to the first wall 2. filling all or part of the space between the two walls 1, 2 with one or more layers of the absorbing material 3, e.g. With rock wool or glass or other material, between the connecting elements 4 and / or the corners of the plate 2. - Positioning the upper wall 1 and fixing the connecting parts 4 on the surface of the upper wall 1 by means of a detachable arrangement (in one embodiment, the Positioning the top wall 1 before filling the gap between the two walls 1, 2 with the sound absorbing material 3). Assembly of the panels of structure 10 to provide thermoacoustic protection around a rotating machine such as a turbine or alternator.
    The upper wall and the lower wall may additionally include connecting means, which are not shown in the figures. In addition, and to facilitate assembly of the thermoacoustic protective structure around a rotating machine, the walls may have various shapes that allow for better adaptation to the geometry of the machine. For example, some structures may include three corners or more as illustrated in FIG. 8. Thus, the structure may have a triangular shape (embodiment a), a rectangular (embodiment b), a pentagonal (embodiment c) or a hexagonal shape (embodiment d). In order to limit the resonance phenomenon of the structure, the connecting elements 4 are preferably fixed to at least one surface near the corner of the walls with at least one of the contact surfaces 6a, 6b.
    The system height can be adjusted by modifying the bending angle. The materials used are standard in the field of gas turbines. Finally, the thickness of the connecting element 4 is preferably between 1 mm (even 0.5 mm) and 6 mm.
    It should be understood that the foregoing only applies to certain embodiments of the foregoing application and the resulting patent. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the general scope and scope of the invention as defined by the following claims and their equivalents.
    The application provides a thermoacoustic protective structure for a rotary machine. The thermoacoustic protective structure includes a top wall and a parallel bottom wall, with at least one sound absorbing material interposed therebetween. The upper wall and the lower wall are connected to at least one connecting element of a widened shape. The connecting element has in cross section at least one curved or rectilinear portion which is not orthogonal to the two walls. A length of the connecting element between the upper wall and the lower wall is greater than a distance between the upper wall and the lower wall. The connecting element further has at least one corner in cross section.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    A thermoacoustic protective structure for a rotary machine, comprising: a top wall and a parallel bottom wall and at least one sound absorbing material therebetween, the top wall and bottom wall being connected to at least one connecting element of a widened shape, the connecting element being in the Cross-section has at least one curved or rectilinear portion which is not orthogonal to the walls, wherein a length of the connecting element between the upper wall and the lower wall is greater than a distance between the upper wall and the lower wall, wherein the connecting element further in cross section has at least one corner.
    [2]
    2. A structure according to claim 1, wherein the connecting element has an upper contact area, which is provided for connection of the connecting element to the upper wall, and / or a lower contact area, which is provided for connection of the connecting element with the lower wall, and a plurality of rectilinear portions or Curves, wherein the sections are not parallel to each other and connected to one another at a corner.
    [3]
    3. The structure of claim 2, wherein the connecting member has a plurality of rectilinear portions and wherein an angle (a1) between the upper wall and the upper contact portion is equal to more or less four degrees an angle (a2) between the lower wall and the lower contact portion and wherein an outer corner at each corner is equal to a sum of the angle (cd) between the upper wall and the upper contact area and the angle (a2) between the lower wall and the lower contact area more or less four degrees.
    [4]
    4. The structure of claim 2, further comprising a damper element of a viscoelastic material interposed between the upper contact area and the upper wall and / or the lower contact area and the lower wall.
    [5]
    5. A structure according to claim 2, wherein a surface between the upper contact area and the edge of the upper wall is between 10% and 20% of the upper wall surface, and wherein a surface between the lower contact area and the edge of the lower wall is between 10% and 20%. the lower wall surface is.
    [6]
    6. Structure according to claim 2, wherein in cross-section, a length of the lower contact region is greater than 10% of an overall length of the connecting element and wherein a length of the upper contact region is greater than 10% of the total length of the connecting element.
    [7]
    The structure of claim 1, wherein the sound absorbing materials comprise melamine, rockwool, glass, foam and / or spheres.
    [8]
    The structure of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the sound absorbing materials is at least equal to 50% of the distance between the bottom wall and the top wall.
    [9]
    9. Structure according to claim 1, wherein an attachment of the connecting element to the lower wall and / or the upper wall is carried out by welding.
    [10]
    10. Structure according to claim 1, wherein an attachment of the connecting element is listed on the lower wall and / or the upper wall by means of releasable fastening means.
    类似技术:
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    EP1886301B1|2008-11-12|Sandwich structure having a frequency-selective double-wall behavior
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN105529021B|2020-07-07|
    DE102015117092A1|2016-04-21|
    FR3013076A1|2015-05-15|
    FR3013076B1|2017-12-08|
    US20150129354A1|2015-05-14|
    US9469256B2|2016-10-18|
    CH710303A2|2016-04-29|
    CN105529021A|2016-04-27|
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    法律状态:
    2017-03-15| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY GMBH GLOBAL PATENT, CH |
    2019-05-31| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: FREIGUTPARTNERS IP LAW FIRM DR. ROLF DITTMANN, CH |
    2021-05-31| PL| Patent ceased|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1361082A|FR3013076B1|2013-11-13|2013-11-13|THERMO-ACOUSTIC PROTECTION STRUCTURE FOR ROTATING MACHINE|
    US14/515,649|US9469256B2|2013-11-13|2014-10-16|Thermo-acoustic protection structure for a rotating machine|
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