• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention provides an inlet heat exchanger for cooling an inlet airflow (22) into a compressor of a gas turbine. The inlet heat exchanger has a media pad (100) with a number of media sheets of substantially three-dimensionally contoured shape made of non-woven synthetic fibers, and a heat exchange medium (32) extending from a top (220) to a bottom (230 ) of the media pad (100) to exchange the heat with the inlet air flow (22).
    公开号:CH709831B1
    申请号:CH00935/15
    申请日:2015-06-29
    公开日:2019-05-31
    发明作者:Zhang Jianmin；Aaron Kippel Bradly
    申请人:Bha Altair Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    Technical Field The present invention and the resulting patent generally relate to gas turbines and, more particularly, relate to non-woven synthetic fiber media pads with surface contours for improved water flow distribution and evaporation for increased performance.
    Background of the Invention Gas turbines are widely used in fields such as power generation. A conventional gas turbine includes a compressor for compressing ambient air, a combustor for mixing the compressed air with a flow of fuel and burning the mixture, and a turbine driven by the combustion mixture to deliver power and gases. Various strategies are known to increase the amount of power that a gas turbine is able to produce. One method of increasing the power output is to cool the ambient air upstream of the compressor. Such cooling causes the air to have a higher density, which creates a higher mass flow rate into the compressor. The higher mass flow rate into the compressor allows more air to be compressed to allow the gas turbine to produce more power. In addition, cooling the ambient air can increase the overall efficiency of the gas turbine in hot environments.
    [0003] Various systems and methods can be used to cool the ambient air entering a gas turbine. For example, heat exchangers can be used to cool the ambient air by latent cooling or sensitive cooling. Such heat exchangers often use a media pad to allow cooling of the ambient air. These media pads can allow heat and / or mass transfer between the ambient air and the cooling flow. The ambient air interacts with the cooling flow in the media pad for heat transfer.
    Known media pads for use in heat exchangers can e.g. be formed from cellulose fibers or the like. Cellulosic fiber based media pads generally contain a stiffening agent that is designed to maintain the structural integrity of the media pad when a coolant, such as water, flows through the media pad. However, typical geometries for cellulosic fiber based media pads may generally be unsuitable in situations that require a large volume of coolant due to the potential risk of water entrainment. In addition, cellulose fiber-based media pads can be particularly sensitive to the quality of the coolant flowing through them. In particular, the media pad may require the use of “dirty” coolant rather than clean or pure coolant, so that the media pad works correctly. For example, pure water from a desalination process can dissolve the stiffener typically used with cellulosic fiber based media pads and can lead to disintegration of the media pad.
    [0005] Other known media pads can be made from non-porous, solid plastic materials. These media pads are generally not able to evenly and completely distribute the flow of the coolant through the surface of the pads. Such an incomplete distribution can prevent efficient cooling of the ambient air. In addition, a number of drying points can develop and lead to hot air streaks. Such hot strands can be detrimental to the operation of the gas turbine compressor. In addition, these media pads may be unsuitable for retaining the coolant at relatively high airflow speeds.
    There is therefore a need for a media pad that enables more efficient cooling while not being significantly more sensitive to coolant quality. In addition, such a media pad can maintain structural integrity when a large volume of coolant flows through it. In addition, such a media pad can reduce or avoid drying points and resulting hot strands. Finally, such a media pad can retain coolant at relatively high airflow speeds.
    Summary of the Invention The present invention therefore provides an intake heat exchanger for cooling an intake air flow into a compressor of a gas turbine. The inlet heat exchanger includes a media pad having a number of media sheets with a substantially three-dimensional contoured shape made from non-woven synthetic fibers and a heat exchange medium flowing from a top to a bottom of the media pad to exchange heat with an input airflow ,
    The present invention also provides a method of cooling intake air flow into a gas turbine. The method includes the steps of: placing a media pad with a substantially three-dimensional contoured shape made of non-woven synthetic fibers at an inlet of the gas turbine, flowing pure water from a top to a bottom of the media pad, and exchanging heat between the intake air flow and the flow of pure water.
    CH 709 831 B1 The present invention further provides an inlet heat exchanger for cooling an inlet air flow into a compressor of a gas turbine. The inlet heat exchanger may include a media pad with a first media sheet and a second media sheet and a flow of water from a top to a bottom of the media pad for heat exchange with the inlet air flow therethrough. The first medium sheet and the second medium sheet may have a substantially three-dimensional contoured shape and are made from non-woven synthetic fibers. The first medium sheet and the second medium sheet can have substantially the same shape.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the substantially three-dimensional contoured shape has a substantially sinusoidal shape that extends in a first direction and a second direction.
    [0011] In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for the substantially sinusoidal shape to have a plurality of peaks and valleys that extend in the first direction and in the second direction.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the first direction and the second direction have an orthogonal orientation or have any angle between 0 ° and 90 °.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the non-woven synthetic fibers are wettable with water for uniform water distribution therethrough.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for the nonwoven synthetic fibers to include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT).
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for the non-woven synthetic fibers to have a hydrophilic surface enhancement.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for the hydrophilic surface enhancement to have an alkaline treatment or a polyvinyl alcohol in an alkaline medium.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the heat exchange medium has pure water or contaminated water.
    [0018] In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for the plurality of medium sheets to have a first medium sheet and a second medium sheet.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the first medium sheet and the second medium sheet have a substantially same shape.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the first medium sheet and the second medium sheet have opposite positions.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for the opposing position to have a plurality of air flow passages therethrough.
    In any embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the plurality of airflow passages cause the input airflow to swirl and swirl therein to increase heat and mass transfer.
    [0023] These and other features and improvements of the present application and resulting patent will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reviewing the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the several drawings and the appended claims.
    Brief Description of the Drawings [0024]
    1 is a schematic illustration of a gas turbine system with inlet cooling.
    2 is a perspective passageway of a media pad as may be described herein with the media sheets stacked on top of one another.
    Figure 3 is a perspective view of the media pad of Figure 2 with the media sheets separated.
    FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the media pad of FIG. 2.
    FIG. 5 is a side view of the media pad of FIG. 2 in use with air and water flows passing therethrough.
    6 is a perspective view of the media pad of FIG. 2.
    CH 709 831 B1
    Detailed Description FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example of a gas turbine engine 10. The engine 10 may include a compressor 12, a combustor 14, and a turbine 16. In addition, the gas turbine engine 10 can have a number of compressors 12, combustion chambers 14 and turbines 16. The compressor 12 and the turbine 16 can be coupled by a shaft 18. The shaft 18 may be a single shaft or a number of shaft segments coupled together to form the shaft 18.
    [0026] The machine 10 may further have a gas turbine inlet 20. The inlet 20 may be configured to receive an input flow 22. For example, The inlet 20 may be in the form of a gas turbine inlet housing or the like. Alternatively, the inlet 20 may be any portion of the engine 10, such as any portion of the compressor 20 or any device upstream of the compressor 12 that receives the inlet flow 22. The inlet flow 22 can be ambient air and can be conditioned or unconditioned.
    The machine 10 may also have an exhaust outlet 24. The exhaust outlet 24 may be configured to deliver a gas turbine exhaust flow 26. The exhaust gas flow 26 can be directed to a heat recovery steam generator (not shown). Alternatively, the exhaust gas flow 26, e.g. be directed to an absorption refrigeration system (not shown) to do some kind of useful work, or be wholly or partially released into the ambient air.
    The machine 10 can also have a heat exchanger 30. The heat exchanger 30 may be configured to cool the inlet flow 22 before entering the compressor 12. For example, The heat exchanger 30 may be arranged in the gas turbine inlet 20 or may be arranged upstream or downstream of the gas turbine inlet 20. The heat exchanger 30 may allow the input flow 22 and a heat exchange medium 32 to flow through. The heat exchanger 30 may therefore allow the input flow 22 and the heat exchange medium 32 to cooperate to cool the input flow 22 before it enters the compressor 12. The heat exchange medium 32 can be water or any suitable type of fluid flow.
    [0029] The heat exchanger 30 can be a direct contact heat exchanger 30. The heat exchanger 30 may have a heat exchange medium inlet 34, a heat exchange medium outlet 36, and a media pad 38 therebetween. The heat exchange medium 32 can flow through the inlet 34 to the media pad 38. The inlet 34 may be a nozzle, a number of nozzles, a manifold with one opening or a number of openings, and the like. The outlet 36 can receive the heat exchange medium 32 that is emitted from the media pad 38. The outlet 36 may be a collection container that is disposed downstream of the media pad 38 in the direction of flow of the heat exchange medium 32. The heat exchange medium 32 may be directed in a generally or approximately downward direction from the inlet 34 through the media pad 38, while the input flow 22 through the heat exchanger 30 is directed in a direction generally or approximately perpendicular to the direction of flow of the heat exchange medium 32.
    A filter 42 may be located upstream of the media pad 38 in the direction of the input flow 22. The filter 42 may be configured to remove particles from the inlet flow 22 to prevent the particles from entering the system 10. Alternatively, the filter 42 may be located downstream of the media pad 38 in the direction of the input flow 22. A droplet separator 44 can be arranged downstream of the media pad 38 in the direction of the inlet flow 22. The droplet separator 44 can cause droplets of the heat exchange medium 32 to be removed from the inlet flow 22 before the inlet flow 22 enters the system 10.
    The heat exchanger 30 may be configured to cool the input flow 22 by latent cooling or evaporative cooling. Latent cooling refers to a cooling process in which heat is removed from a gas, such as air, to change the moisture content of the gas. Latent cooling may involve the vaporization of a liquid at around ambient wet bulb temperature to cool the gas. In particular, latent cooling can be used to cool a gas close to its wet bulb temperature.
    Alternatively, the heat exchanger 30 can be set up to cool the input flow 22 by means of sensitive cooling. Sensitive cooling refers to a cooling process in which heat is removed from a gas, such as air, to change the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures of the air. Sensitive cooling can include cooling a liquid and then using the cooled liquid to cool the gas. In particular, sensitive cooling can be used to cool a gas below its wet bulb temperature.
    [0033] It should be understood that latent cooling and sensitive cooling are not mutually exclusive cooling processes. Rather, these methods can be used either exclusively or in combination. It should also be understood that the heat exchanger 30 described herein is not limited to latent and sensitive cooling methods, but rather can cool or heat the input flow 22 by any suitable cooling or heating method as may be desired.
    2-6 show examples of a media pad 100, as may be described herein, for use as an inlet heat exchanger 105 and the like. Media pad 100 may include at least a pair of media sheets 110. In this example, a first media sheet 120 and a second media sheet 130 are shown, although additional sheets can be used. The medium sheets 110 can be contoured essentially three-dimensionally
    CH 709 831 B1
    Have shape 140. The contoured shape 140 may be a substantially sinusoidal shape 150 with a number of repeating peaks 160 and valleys 170 that extend both along a longitudinal direction 180 or first direction and a width direction 190 or second direction.
    In particular, the three-dimensional contoured shape 140 can be formed by wave formation of the sinusoidal profile along the longitudinal or the first direction 180. The edge profile along the longitudinal direction or the first direction 180 can therefore be defined as curved in relation to a straight line. The sinusoidal profile can have changing wave distances. The ratio of the distance (P) to the amplitude (A) along the longitudinal direction or the first direction can vary from about one (1) to about five (5). The width direction or second direction 190 may be defined as a sinusoidal curved path. The ratio of the distance to the amplitude along the width direction or the second direction 190 may be about two (2) to about six (6). Other ratios can be used herein.
    The contoured shape 140 as well as the sinusoidal shape 150 can vary. Media pad 100 may be of any suitable size, shape, or configuration. Both the longitudinal direction or first direction 180 and the width direction or second direction 190 can be about 2 inches (about 5 cm) long, although any suitable dimension can be used herein. The longitudinal direction or first direction 180 can be oriented essentially parallel to the air flow 22. The width direction or second direction 190 may be oriented substantially along the general flow direction of the heat exchange medium 32. The longitudinal direction or first direction 180 can have an orthogonal position with respect to the width 190 or can be arranged at an angle. The angle can be between about 0 ° and about 90 °, although other positions can be used herein. Other components and other configurations can be used herein.
    The medium sheets can be formed thermally from non-woven synthetic fibers with a hydrophilic surface improvement. For example, For example, the non-woven synthetic fibers may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), and the like. The hydrophilic surface enhancements can include applying a strongly alkaline treatment at high process temperatures, polyvinyl alcohol in an alkaline medium, and the like. Other materials can be used herein. Medium sheets 110 may be water wettable to receive, absorb, flow, and distribute heat exchange medium 32 through the surface area thereof. The media sheets 110 can be used with various types of heat exchange media 32. For example, the heat exchange medium 32 can be pure water without requiring any pollution. In particular, the medium sheets 110 can maintain their structural integrity if a large volume of the heat exchange medium 38 is applied to them. Other types of fluids can be used herein.
    As illustrated in FIG. 2, the first medium sheet 120 and the second medium sheet 130 may have substantially the same shape. In use, however, the media sheets 110 can be separated from one another as in FIG. 3 and arranged opposite one another, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The peaks 160 of one leaf can be aligned with the valleys 170 of the other leaf. This opposite position 200 therefore forms a number of airflow passages 210. The airflow passages 210 may allow the airflow 22 to flow through. At the same time, the heat exchange medium 32 can flow from an upper side 220 of the medium sheets 110 to a lower side 230. As shown in FIG. 5, the inlet flow 22 comes into contact with the heat exchange medium 32 to thereby exchange heat. The medium sheets 110 can be completely wetted by the flow of the heat exchange medium 32. Due to the swirling and swirling air currents generated between the medium sheets 110, the heat exchange medium 32 can evaporate into the inlet flow 22 to reduce the temperature of the heat exchange medium 32 to approximately the inlet air wet bulb temperature. In particular, the swirling and swirling air currents increase the heat and mass transfer through it. The heat exchange medium 32 can flow through the medium sheets 110 at up to about 15 gallons per square foot (about 611 liters per square meter) or so. Other flow rates can be used herein. The media pad described herein thus balances the need for overall structural stability, water distribution, and effective heat-mass transfer to maximize the overall evaporation cooling rate. The media pad 100 can therefore provide effective inlet cooling to increase performance on hot days. In addition, eliminating water treatment equipment related to the use of a dirty coolant or the like can reduce the overall cost.
    [0039] The present application provides an inlet heat exchanger 105 for cooling an inlet air flow 22 into a compressor 12 of a gas turbine 10. The inlet heat exchanger 105 may include a media pad 100 having a number of media sheets 110 having a substantially three-dimensional contoured shape 140 made from non-woven synthetic fibers and a heat exchange medium 32 flowing from a top 220 to a bottom 230 of the media pad 100 to exchange heat with intake airflow 22.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. An inlet heat exchanger (105) for cooling an inlet air flow (22) into a compressor (12) of a gas turbine (10), comprising:
    CH 709 831 B1 a media pad (100);
    wherein the media pad (100) includes a plurality of media sheets (110) having a generally three-dimensional contoured shape (140) made from non-woven synthetic fibers; and a heat exchange medium (32);
    wherein the heat exchange medium (32) flows from a top (220) to a bottom (230) of the media pad (100) to exchange heat with the inlet airflow (22).
    [2]
    2. The inlet heat exchanger (105) according to claim 1, wherein the substantially three-dimensional contoured shape (140) has a substantially sinusoidal shape (150) that extends in the first direction (180) and a second direction (190).
    [3]
    The inlet heat exchanger (105) of claim 2, wherein the substantially sinusoidal shape (150) has a plurality of peaks (160) and valleys (170) that extend in the first direction (180) and the second direction (190) ,
    [4]
    4. The inlet heat exchanger (105) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first direction (180) and the second direction (190) have an orthogonal position.
    [5]
    5. inlet heat exchanger (105) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-woven synthetic fibers contain a polyethylene terephthalate PET or a polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT.
    [6]
    6. inlet heat exchanger (105) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-woven synthetic fibers have a hydrophilic surface improvement.
    [7]
    7. The inlet heat exchanger (105) according to claim 6, wherein the hydrophilic surface enhancement comprises an alkaline treatment or a polyvinyl alcohol in an alkaline medium.
    [8]
    The inlet heat exchanger (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of media sheets (110) have a first media sheet (120) and a second media sheet (130) that have an opposite position (200), the opposite position (200 ) has a plurality of air flow passages (210) therethrough that cause the inlet air flow to swirl and swirl therein to increase heat and mass transfer.
    [9]
    9. A method for cooling an inlet air flow (22) with an inlet heat exchanger according to claim 1 in a gas turbine (10), comprising:
    Placing the media pad (100) having a substantially three-dimensional contoured shape (140) made of non-woven synthetic fibers at an inlet (20) of the gas turbine (10);
    Flowing pure water (32) from a top (220) to a bottom (230) of the media pad (100); and exchanging heat between the inlet air flow (22) and the flow of pure water (32).
    CH 709 831 B1 co
    CM
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20150377569A1|2015-12-31|
    CN105221269B|2018-11-20|
    DE102015110340A1|2015-12-31|
    CN105221269A|2016-01-06|
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    法律状态:
    2017-03-15| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY GMBH GLOBAL PATENT, CH |
    2018-07-13| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: E. BLUM AND CO. AG PATENT- UND MARKENANWAELTE , CH |
    2018-07-13| PUE| Assignment|Owner name: BHA ALTAIR, LLC, US Free format text: FORMER OWNER: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, US |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US14/318,891|US20150377569A1|2014-06-30|2014-06-30|Media Pads for Gas Turbine|
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