• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a control device (10) with a connected input unit (11) for controlling a device for adjusting the pH and simultaneously demineralizing the heating water of a heating system by means of a demineralization device (20). In this case, it is provided that the control device (10) has a processing device from which material data entered via the input unit (11), which designate the material property of at least part of the line system of the heating circuit, can be implemented alone or in conjunction with supplementary data such that a second target conductivity for the heating water is formed after the ion exchanger (27). The invention further relates to a corresponding method for controlling a demineralization device. The control device and the method enable the demineralization and the adjustment of the pH value of the heating water of different heating systems.
    公开号:CH709327B1
    申请号:CH00180/15
    申请日:2015-02-11
    公开日:2019-07-15
    发明作者:Dietmar Ende Dr；Sautter Michael
    申请人:Perma Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a control device with a connected input unit for controlling a device for adjusting the pH and for simultaneous demineralization of the heating water of a heating system by means of a demineralization until reaching a first target conductivity, wherein the heating water in the flow direction over a first conductivity sensor for determining a first conductivity, an ion exchanger, comprising anion and cation exchangers, and a second conductivity sensor arranged after the ion exchanger for determining a second conductivity is passed and wherein the demineralization device is connected in a shunt to a heating circuit of the heating system.
    The invention further relates to a method for controlling a demineralizing device arranged in a shunt to a heating circuit of a heating system for demineralizing and for adjusting the pH of the heating water of the heating system in a predetermined pH target range, wherein the heating water in the shunt via an ion exchanger, containing a cation exchanger and an anion exchanger, is passed and wherein a first conductivity of the heating water is determined by a arranged in the flow direction before the ion exchanger first conductivity sensor and a second conductivity of the heating water by a arranged in the flow direction after the ion exchanger second conductivity sensor.
    Virtually in every heating water is used as the heat transfer medium. This leads to interactions of the water and the water components with the heating materials, with damage caused by corrosion reactions and deposit formation.
    Especially by increasing the efficiencies of heating systems Heizflächenbelastungen (kW / m2) and thus the surface temperatures of the heat transfer surfaces on the water side have been increasingly increased in recent years. As a result, the formation of deposits in the area of flame and flue gas pipes has a much greater impact on modern boilers than on older models. Each millimeter of pad thickness results in efficiency losses of up to 15%.
    For these reasons, softened or demineralized water is always used in large systems to prevent the dreaded scale and to largely inhibit possible corrosion processes. In order to ensure the latter, in addition an increased pH must be set and if necessary also chemical inhibitors added.
    What applies for a long time for large systems, is now extended to small or micro-systems.
    From DE 10 2005 036 356 a device for treating heating water is known. In this case, a water-carrying chamber is used, in which a mixture of acidic and basic ion exchanger elements is maintained. For the filling of heating systems, this arrangement is connected to the fresh water network and the heating system to be filled. The fresh water is treated in the demineralization unit and demineralized, bringing it to a pH in the range between 8 and 11. If the heating water with a pH value <8 is present, the pH value must be increased in a targeted manner until the water reaches the desired pH target range.
    If the starting water is now slightly acidic, it must be alkalized in order to achieve the desired target pH. For this purpose, then use a corresponding mixture of ion exchanger elements in the Mischbetteinheit.
    If aluminum components are contained in the heating circuit, then the pH in the alkaline is more severe, for example to be limited to a range between 8.2 and 8.5, in order to avoid its corrosion. The determination of the pH of the heating water is preferably carried out indirectly via a conductivity measurement. The conductivity of at least partially desalted water correlates with the pH, the assignment is not unique and depends on other factors.
    It is an object of the invention to provide a control device, which makes it possible to set by suitable control of a demineralization device a suitable pH range for a present heating system.
    It is a further object of the invention to provide a corresponding method.
    [0012] The object of the invention relating to the control device is achieved in that the control device has a processing device from which material data entered via the input unit, which designate the material property of at least part of the line system of the heating circuit, can be implemented alone or in conjunction with supplementary data in that a second target conductivity for the heating water is formed after the ion exchanger.
    The metal material used in the demineralizing heating system, in particular metallic material is entered via the input unit and taken into account in establishing a suitable pH target range for this system. Thus, for example, for heating systems in which aluminum is installed, a limited pH target range can be provided, for example in a range between 8.2 and 8.5, while in systems without aluminum parts, a pH target range between 8.5 until 11 is issued. From the given pH target range becomes the second
    Target conductivity for the heating water formed after the ion exchanger. Supplementary data can be taken into account. The second target conductivity may also be formed as a region.
    For the treatment of the heating water of an existing heating system, a first target conductivity of the heating water before the ion exchanger and a second target conductivity of the heating water are given after the ion exchanger. By setting the first target conductivity, a suitable desalination of the heating water is ensured in order to safely avoid deposits. By observing the second target conductivity, the pH of the heating water is adjusted so that corrosion of the heating system is also reliably avoided. The pH target range or the second target conductivity need not be entered directly by the operator on the basis of experience or corresponding specifications. All that is required is to enter the materials present in the heating cycle and, if appropriate, additional supplementary data, as a result of which faulty settings during processing can be largely avoided.
    The demineralization allows so, for example, the treatment of the heating water of older heating systems, which was filled with softened heating water. Their heating water has become alkalized by the formation of soda itself, but the pH is usually not in the range suitable for aluminum components. If a combustion chamber made of aluminum is to be installed in such a plant, the heating water can be treated with the demineralization such that the pH is in an appropriate range for aluminum.
    In order to take into account in addition to the material data other specific for the present heating system data in the formation of the second target conductivity and thus the default value for adjusting the pH of the heating water, it can be provided that at least a part of the supplementary data the input unit can be entered.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the pH of the heating water in the initial state can be entered as supplementary data. The pH of the heating water can be measured before treatment and entered via the input unit. It has as a starting point of the hydrogen ion concentration a significant influence on the corrosion of the materials. Furthermore, he specifies the further course, after which the demineralization is carried out, of which also the formed second target conductivity is dependent.
    The second target conductivity is a measure of the pH of the treated heating water. The relationship between the conductivity of the demineralized heating water and its pH, however, depends on the ion exchanger used. In order to be able to set the desired pH target range by measuring and adjusting the second conductivity, it can be provided that the second target conductivity of the heating water after the ion exchanger is formed as a function of the structure and / or the composition of the ion exchanger used , The relationship can be stored in the control unit for one or more ion exchangers used, for example in the form of maps or tables. Alternatively, the demineralizing device may be provided for operation with a particular ion exchanger for which the relationship between the second conductivity and the pH has previously been determined.
    The first target conductivity and thus the desired degree of demineralization and the second target conductivity and thus the pH target range can be adjusted in the heating water, characterized in that the control device for controlling a arranged in the bypass solenoid valve and / / or arranged in the shunt pump is designed and that the control device releases the flow through the shunt via the solenoid valve and / or the pump for performing the demineralization and interrupts upon reaching the first target conductivity and / or the second target conductivity. Starting from a slightly acidic heating water, for example, the pH increases during demineralization in a suitably assembled ion exchanger. The previously entered or determined target conductivities mark the area in which both the desired desalting or the desired residual salt content is present and in which the specific pH target range has been reached. When the target conductivities are reached, therefore, the flow through the demineralization device is interrupted and the treatment of the heating water is interrupted, at least for the time being. Depending on the initial pH, the achievement of one of the target conductivities may be overruled to reach the other target conductivity. Thus, for example, in the case of alkaline starting water, the demineralization can be continued after the first target conductivity has been reached, until the second target conductivity is reached. This is below the first target conductivity, which is acceptable according to the guidelines for water treatment.
    During the demineralization of the heating water, there may be occurrences that individual heating circuits, for example, by parked heating valves, are temporarily not connected to the Heizwasserkreislauf. The heating water contained in a non-connected heating circuit, for example a radiator, is thus not demineralized or adjusted to the pH target range. In order to treat this part of the heating water, it can be provided that the control device has a further operating mode, the flow through the shunt and the ion exchanger via the solenoid valve and / or the pump after a predetermined period of time after reaching the first target conductivity again, the first conductivity of the heating water is checked after a predetermined flow time and interrupts the flow when the first conductivity of the first target conductivity corresponds and that the controller maintains the flow, when the first conductivity speed by more than a predetermined amount of the deviates from the first target conductivity. Through this mode of operation, the heating water can also be subsequently treated, for example, by opening a heating valve, connected heating circuits. The operating mode can be started autonomously by the control device or alternatively by a corresponding input.
    According to further variants of the invention, it can be provided that the control device is designed to output a command prompt and to record a direct input for the first target conductivity and / or that the control device for outputting a command prompt and for receiving an input for a capacity of the ion exchanger is designed.
    For example, if a very low pH of the heating water in the initial state, for example, pH <6.5, before, it may optionally alone by demineralization with a basic ion exchanger set the required pH target area even with the greatest extent demineralization of the heating water can not be reached. By entering the first target conductivity in this case, the heating water can first be demineralized to a desired degree and then the pH can be adjusted by addition of a suitable alkalization / Sta-bilisierungsmittels to the desired pH target range, wherein simultaneously a stabilization (buffering) of the pH value of the heating water takes place. For this purpose, for example, a filter cup of a filter arranged in front of the ion exchanger can be used as intake sluice for the alkalization / stabilizing agent.
    The required capacity of the ion exchanger can be determined, for example, from the product of the total volume of the heating water to be demineralized and a measured total salt content of the heating water. By entering the capacity of the ion exchange unit used, it can be checked on an ongoing basis whether this capacity is sufficient for the demineralization of the heating system, and the residual capacity of the ion exchanger can be displayed during and after the demineralization process.
    The ion exchangers are preferably introduced as prefabricated removable cartridges with a fixed capacity in the demineralization. In this case, different cartridge sizes can be provided with correspondingly stepped nominal capacities or several such cartridges can be connected in parallel or preferably connected in series in the demineralization to provide a sufficient amount of ion exchanger for the demmi-neralisierende heating system. In order to ensure a simple and error-free input of the capacity of the ion exchanger used, it can be provided that the control device issues an input request for the capacity of the ion exchanger corresponding to integer multiples of a rated capacity of an ion exchanger filled and arranged in the bypass cartridge and / or that the control device issues a prompt corresponding to an integer multiple of a capacity of a smallest ion exchanger amount.
    According to a possible embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the control device is connected to the first conductivity sensor of the demineralization device and / or that the control device is connected to a arranged in the shunt flow meter and that the determined with the first conductivity sensor first conductivity the heating water can be converted by the processing device such that the total salt content of the heating water is formed and / or that the volumetric flow measured by the flow meter can be converted by the processing device in such a way that a residual capacity of the ion exchanger is formed and / or if it is undershot a predetermined minimum volume flow is closed to a blockage of the shunt.
    The first conductivity sensor allows the determination of the conductivity of the heating water before it has passed through the ion exchanger. From this, the degree of the total salt content of the heating water can be determined and further processed by the processing device. The total salt content allows the calculation of the required capacity of the ion exchanger.
    The volume flow through the demineralizing means determined by the flow meter, together with the inputted capacity of the ion exchanger, can be used for the calculation of the residual capacity of the ion exchanger. Furthermore, when the minimum flow rate is not reached, it is possible to conclude that the shunt is at least partially blocked. This can be caused, for example, by a fine filter arranged in the shunt, which can be monitored by measuring the volume flow.
    A simple operation of the control device is made possible in that the control device has a display unit and that the display unit for displaying prompts for the material data or for the pH value of the heating water in the initial state or for the capacity of the ion exchanger or for the first target Conductivity of the heating water is designed or that the display unit for displaying the total salt content or the first conductivity of the heating water or the second conductivity of the heating water or a volume flow through the demineralization device or a residual capacity of the ion exchanger or a filter change to be performed by a arranged in the shunt filter each by itself considered or combination of the ads is designed.
    In order to be able to treat heating water whose pH is above the pH target range in such a way that after the treatment, the pH is within the pH target range, it may be provided that the control device has an operating mode that allows a flow of the heating water through the demineralizing means beyond the exhaustion of the anion exchanger. The ion exchanger initially acts primarily as an OH "supplier with its anion exchangers and increases the pH value of the heating water. If the heating water is passed through the demineralization device and thus the ion exchanger beyond the faster depletion of the anion exchanger, the cation exchanger continues to supply hydrogen ions H +, which again lowers the pH of the heating water. By deliberately driving over the ion exchanger, the pH value in the heating water can thus be lowered again and the pH target range, characterized by the corresponding second target conductivity at the outlet of the ion exchanger, can be set. The operating mode can be started autonomously by the control device or alternatively by a corresponding input.
    The object of the invention relating to the method is achieved in that a second target conductivity of the heating water after the ion exchanger in dependence on the metallic materials used in the line system of the heating circuit, in particular of aluminum components used in the line system, and in dependence an initial pH of the heating water is determined.
    According to the comments on the control device, depending on the materials used in the pipe system, a pH target range can be specified, in which corrosion of the pipe system during operation of the heating system can be safely avoided. For a type ion exchanger used (mixed bed), a correlation between the pH of the heating water and the measured second conductivity can be formed after the ion exchanger. Based on this correlation, the second target conductivity of the heating water is formed after the ion exchanger. In this case, further data, in particular the initial pH of the heating water, are taken into account.
    According to preferred variants of the invention, it may be provided that in the presence of aluminum components and an initial pH of less than 9, a second target conductivity after the ion exchanger between 5 pS / cm and 20 pS / cm, preferably from 10 pS / cm, and that in the presence of aluminum components and an initial pH greater than 9, a second target conductivity between 20 pS / cm and 50 pS / cm, preferably from 30 pS / cm, is determined. Thus, the pH is adjusted in a range between 8.2 and 8.5, whereby the base corrosion of aluminum components can be safely avoided.
    If the initial pH of the heating water is more than 1.5-2 pH levels below the required pH target range, this can not be achieved by the described method. Therefore, it may be provided that, given an initial pH of less than 6.5, a first target conductivity of the heating water upstream of the ion exchanger is set in a range between 30 pS / cm and 150 pS / cm, preferably 50 pS / cm and that the heating water after reaching the first target conductivity, an alkaline stabilizing agent is supplied and preferably rinsed for a predetermined period of time.
    The heating water may have a pH which is above or below the pH target range to be set. In order to set the heating water in both cases in the pH target range, it may be provided that the flow through the ion exchanger is interrupted when the first target conductivity is reached, and that the flow through the ion exchanger on the exhaustion the anion exchanger is released when the estimated or determined via the second conductivity pH value is above the predetermined pH target range.
    If the pH is below the pH target range at the beginning of the demineralization, it increases in the course of demineralization by the hydroxide ions introduced thereby. When the pH target range is reached, characterized by the achievement of the second target conductivity, and the measured first conductivity of the heating water corresponds to the first target conductivity, the demineralization process may be terminated.
    If the pH at the beginning or during the demineralization above the pH target range, it increases in the course of demineralization by the introduced hydroxide optionally further on. In this case, in order to lower the pH again and reach the pH target range, heating water is passed over the ion exchanger until the anion exchanger contained therein has been used up. Due to the now occurring due to the still active cation exchanger free mineral acids occurs a reduction of the pH. The heating water can be passed over the remaining cation exchanger until the second target conductivity and thus the pH target range is reached.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. It shows:
    1 is a schematic representation of a demineralization device with a control device,
    2 shows a program structure for controlling the demineralization device.
    Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a demineralization device 20 with a control device 10. The demineralization device 20 can be connected via an inlet 21 and a drain 29 in a shunt to the line system of a heating system, not shown, so that heating water of
    Heating system from the inlet 21 to the outlet 29 can circulate through the demineralizer. For this purpose, the demineralization device 20 can be integrated, for example via flexible hoses between the return and the flow of the heating system. The inlet 21 is associated with a first shut-off valve 22.1 and the drain a second shut-off valve 22.2, whereby the accesses, for example, for transporting the demineralization device 20, can be closed.
    The first shut-off valve 22.1 below, a pump 23, a filter 24, a first conductivity sensor 25.1 for measuring a first conductivity and a solenoid valve 26 are arranged in the flow direction of the heating water. Subsequently, an ion exchanger 27 containing anion exchanger and cation exchanger, integrated in the form of a removable cartridge in the circulation. The ion exchanger 27 is followed by a second conductivity sensor 25. 2 for measuring a second conductivity and a flow meter 28.
    The conductivity sensors 25.2, 25.1, the flow meter 28 and the pump 23 are electrically connected to the control device 10. This contains an input unit 11, a display unit 12 and a processing device 13 in the form of a microprocessor.
    The removable cartridge with the ion exchanger 27 is formed as a water-flowable housing. This enclosure contains a mix of strong base anion exchangers and strong acid cation exchangers. The anion exchanger used may be a styrene resin with OH-activated groups. For example, styrene resins having activated sulfonic acid groups can be used as cation exchangers. The styrene resins are in granular form. The mixing ratio is in the range of 60 to 70 wt .-% anion exchanger and 30 to 40 wt .-% cation exchanger before. The anion exchangers and cation exchangers are mixed in the form of a mixed bed arranged in the removable cartridge.
    During a demineralization process, heating water from the heating circuit passes through the inlet 21 into the demineralization device 20. By means of the pump 23, the heating water is conveyed through the demineralization device 20 and first reaches the filter 24. Here, solids are filtered out in the heating water. For example, magnetite is secreted. Following the filter 24, which is designed as a fine filter, the heating water is passed past the first conductivity sensor 25.1 and via the solenoid valve 26 to the ion exchanger 27 and flows through it. By the ion exchanger 27 minerals are removed from the heating water. At the same time, the anion exchangers OH "and the cation exchangers H + discharge into the heating water. Due to the excess of the anion exchanger in the resin mixture of the ion exchanger 27 and its higher reaction rate, especially at elevated temperature, an excess of OH "is initially introduced into the heating water relative to the H +. As a result, the pH of the heating water is raised. After the thus treated heating water has passed through the ion exchanger 27, it is passed to the second conductivity sensor 25.2 and then to the flow meter 28. Here, the current volume flow of the heating water and the total volume of the guided through the demineralizer 20 heating water is determined. After the flow meter 28, the heating water passes through the second shut-off valve 22.2 and the drain 29 back into the heating circuit.
    By the at least partial desalination of the heating water in the demineralizer 20 deposits in the heating circuit can be avoided. By suitably adjusting the pH of the heating water and removing corrosive anions, e.g. Chloride and sulphate, corrosion within the heating circuit can be avoided or at least reduced.
    The control device 10 is designed to control the demineralization device 20 in such a way that both a residual salt content suitable for the present heating system and a suitable pH value are present after the demineralization process.
    For this purpose, the control device 10 initially requests via the display unit 12 to input whether corrosion-sensitive components, in the present exemplary embodiment aluminum components, are present in the heating circuit. The corresponding input takes place via the input unit 11 and is forwarded to the processing device 13. In the presence of aluminum, the processing device 13 outputs a pH target range between 8.2 and 8.5, while for heating systems without aluminum components a pH target range between 8 and 10 is given.
    Subsequently, a query of the pH of the heating water in the initial state and whether this, in the case of aluminum in the heating circuit, is beyond its operating limit. From the resulting input and the previously determined pH target range, the processing device 13 forms a second target conductivity to be achieved by the demineralization of the heating water at the second conductivity sensor 25.2 behind the ion exchanger 27.
    In another query, the controller 10 requests the input of the capacity of the ion exchanger. The capacity of the ion exchanger is determined by the product of the volume of water in liters and the degree of total salinity (° GSG) of the water that can be demineralised with the ion exchanger. The ° GSG can be determined from the conductivity determined by the first conductivity sensor 25.1. Preferably, 27 unitary replacement cartridges are used with a corresponding nominal capacity for the ion exchanger. Since several replacement cartridges can be introduced simultaneously in the shunt, the query of the capacity of the ion exchanger 27 in integer multiples of the nominal capacity of a removable cartridge. Alternatively, the capacity can also be entered in fixed steps, for example in 5000 steps.
    In a further step, a first target conductivity to be reached in the heating water is interrogated at the first conductivity sensor 25.1 and the corresponding input is forwarded to the processing device 13. In the present case, there is a choice between 50 pS / cm, 100 pS / cm and 150 pS / cm. Thereafter, the controller 10 releases the flow of the heating water through the demineralizing unit 20 by appropriately driving the pump 23 and the solenoid valve 26. The flow is maintained until either the first target conductivity, monitored with the first conductivity sensor 25.1, or the second target conductivity, monitored with the second conductivity sensor 25.2 behind the ion exchanger, is reached.
    The heating water is continuously circulated during the demineralization through the heating circuit and the demineralizer 20, so that the pH is steadily raised at the ion exchanger 27. If, as in the present embodiment, aluminum parts, for example in the form of an aluminum heat exchanger, integrated into the heating circuit, then the pH should be brought to a pH target range between 8.2 and 8.5. If the starting water is present, for example, in the pH range of <8, then the heating water is circulated over the ion exchanger 27 until it reaches the desired pH value in the range from 8.2 to 8.5, determined by the second target Conductivity at the second conductivity sensor 25.2. If there is a starting water in the pH range> 8.5, then the heating water is first brought to a pH> 8.5 due to the excess metered addition of OH "in the mixed bed unit 50. The heating water is then circulated further over the ion exchanger 27 until the anion exchanger is exhausted and releases relatively smaller amounts of OH "than the cation exchanger H + to the heating water. From this operating point, the heating water is acidified again and thus the pH value is lowered. The pump 20 is then activated until the second conductivity corresponds to the second target conductivity and thus the desired pH range between 8.2 and 8.5 is reached. In this case, the first conductivity measured with the first conductivity sensor 25.1 can fall below the first target conductivity.
    During demineralization, the capacity of the ion exchanger is counted backwards and displayed on the display unit 12. Furthermore, the conductivity and the volume flow are displayed. A necessary filter replacement is indicated when the flowmeter 28 detects a reduced flow below a predetermined minimum flow rate through the demineralizer 20.
    FIG. 2 shows a program structure for controlling the demineralization device 20 shown in FIG. 1. The associated program is stored in the control device 10 and is processed by the processing device 13.
    In a first block 30, the presence of aluminum components in the heating circuit is queried and entered. In a second block 31 there is a query of harmful for aluminum materials pH upper limit and input. In the simplest case, an indication is given here as to whether the pH is less than or greater than 9. In a third block 32, the first target conductivity for the heating water is specified. In a fourth block 33, the query and input the capacity of the ion exchanger used 27 takes place. Since the ion exchanger 27 is installed in removable cartridges with fixed nominal capacity in the demineralizer 20, the query of the capacity of the ion exchanger 27 is an integer multiple of this nominal capacity. Alternatively, you can enter the capacity in 5000 steps to use up already used cartridges with a reduced residual capacity.
    According to the invention, a second target conductivity of the heating water after the ion exchanger 27 is formed from the data entered in a fifth block. If aluminum components are used in the heating circuit, the pH is set to a range between 8.2 and 8.5. If no aluminum components are used, the pH target range can be extended to 8 to 10. From knowledge of the mixing ratio (anion / cation exchange resin) of the cartridge used and the initial pH of the heating water, the second target conductivity downstream of the ion exchanger can be determined from the pH target range. For example, to achieve a pH range of between 8.2 and 8.5 suitable for aluminum, at a starting pH of the heating water of less than 9, a second target conductivity of about 10 pS / cm is indicated. If an initial pH value greater than 9 is present, a second target conductivity of approx. 30 pS / cm is specified. If the initial pH is less than 7, the target pH range can not be reached for all heating waters through ion exchange during demineralization. In this case, the first target conductivity of the heating water input in the third block 32 is set to the smallest value (here: 50 pS / cm), and the desired alkalinity is generated by incorporating an alkalizing agent.
    If the second target conductivity is fixed, demineralization is started in a sixth block 41. For this purpose, the solenoid valve 26 shown in FIG. 1 is opened and heating water is pumped by the pump 23 through the demineralization device 20. After starting in the seventh block 42, a measurement of the volume flow and the conductivity of the heating water takes place before and after the ion exchanger. The measured first conductivity, the measured volume flow and the residual capacity of the ion exchanger 27 determined from the volume flow and the input capacity of the ion exchanger 27 are displayed in an eighth block 50 via the display unit 12. If the measured volume flow is below a predetermined minimum volume flow, this will also be displayed. In this case, the demineralization can be interrupted and a use of the filter 24 can be exchanged. In a first query 60 following the eighth block 50, it is checked on the basis of the determined residual capacity whether the ion exchanger 27 has been used up. If so, the program flow follows a fourteenth block 47 in which the flow through the demineralizer 20 is interrupted. The removable cartridge with the ion exchanger 27 can now be replaced. Subsequently, the sequence jumps again before the fourth block 33 to query the capacity of the ion exchanger 27th
    If it is found in the first query 60 that the capacity of the ion exchanger 27 is not used up, it is checked in a subsequent second query 61 whether the measured first conductivity is smaller than the formed target conductivity. If this is not the case, the sequence jumps before the seventh block 42 and the demineralization of the heating water is continued. If the measured first conductivity is less than the first target conductivity, the flow through the demineralization device 20 is stopped in a ninth block 43. In the tenth block 51, the display of the residual capacity of the ion exchanger 27 takes place.
    In a third query 62, a further treatment of the heating water can be started. This further treatment offers the possibility to recheck the first conductivity of the heating water after a predetermined waiting time and to readjust it if there is a deviation from the predetermined first target conductivity. This makes it possible to record the water from heating circuits that were not opened during the possibly short treatment process. If such a post-treatment is not desired, the demineralization process is terminated in a sixteenth block 49. If a further treatment is requested, first in the eleventh block 44 a waiting time of 30 minutes in the present exemplary embodiment takes place. Subsequently, the solenoid valve 26 is opened in a twelfth block 45 and the pump 23 is started. In a thirteenth block 46 there is a delay of 30 seconds, in which heating water flows through the demineralization device 20. Subsequently, the program sequence jumps before the seventh block 42 and there is a new measurement of the first conductivity and a comparison with the first target conductivity.
    The control device 10 allows with the program shown the demineralization and the pH adjustment of heating systems, adapted to the prevailing conditions. If the pH of the heating water before treatment is less than 6.5, then demineralization can not introduce enough hydroxide ions into the heating water to raise the pH so that corrosion can be avoided. In this case, a lower target conductance can be set, then a stabilizer can be supplied to the heating water, which stabilizes the pH and raises it to the desired pH target range.
    If no aluminum is used in the heating cycle, a large pH target range with corresponding target conductivities can be specified. Demineralization continues until the first target conductivity is reached. Even with comparatively high initial values for the pH of the heating water, this remains in the extended pH target range even after the demineralization and the associated introduction of hydroxide ions.
    When aluminum components are used in the heating cycle, the pH is limited to a target range between 8.2 and 8.5. At a starting pH of less than 1.5 steps below the pH target range, this can be achieved directly by the OH "entry during demineralization. If there is a higher initial pH, but smaller than 9, it will initially be increased further during demineralization. In this case, a second target conductivity of about 10 pS / cm is specified and the heating water is briefly passed over the exhaustion of the anion exchanger on the ion exchanger 27. Due to the now reduced entry of hydroxide ions with constant entry of hydrogen ions into the heating water, the pH is lowered again somewhat. Starting from a strongly basic heating water with an initial pH value> 9, a second target conductance of approx. 30 pS / cm is output. In this case, the ion exchanger 27 flows through the heating water for a longer period beyond the exhaustion of the anion exchanger, so that a significant decrease in the pH value by the registered hydrogen ions takes place until the pH target range is reached.
    The sequence of Heizungswasseraufbereitung is illustrated below with reference to three specific embodiments.
    A first embodiment starts from an old heating water with a pH value of 7 and an initial conductivity between 200 and 1000 pS / cm. The heating water is, as it can occur in practice, acidified by massive iron oxidation.
    Since aluminum is built into the heating circuit, a pH target range of between 8.2 and 8.5 results. The first target conductivity is 100 pS / cm.
    To demineralize the water and bring to the pH target range between 8.2 to 8.5, the demineralizer 20 is connected on the input side to the heating return and connected via a hose connection on the output side to the flow of the heating system. The demineralizer 20 contains, as an ion exchanger 27, a demineralization cartridge having an excess of basic ion exchange resin. Due to the resin mixture, this will increase the pH value by 1-1.5 steps, especially in warm water, provided that the desalination cartridge is only used up to a defined breakthrough conductivity at the second conductivity sensor 25.2 of about 10 pS / cm. If several cartridges are required, only each one up to this conductivity, measured on the second conductivity sensor 25.2, may be used. Whether the pH value has to be increased, maintained or reduced is selected via the breakdown conductivity (second target conductivity) stored in the program by the material selection. As the first target conductivity monitored with the first conductivity sensor 25.1, 100 pS / cm is input to the circulating water.
    A second application example is also based on an old heating water, but with a AusgangsHH value of 9.5, from. The heating water is already fully softened, with an alkalizing agent added. Due to the subsequent installation of aluminum components (condensing technology) in the heating circuit, a target pH of 8.2 to 8.5 is required.
    The demineralization device 20 is, as described in the first embodiment, connected to the heating circuit. In the "Material" menu, the selection for aluminum and for a starting pH value> 9 is carried out via the input unit 11. The first target conductivity is 100 pS / cm. Due to the material selection aluminum and the system pH> 9, the flow through the ion exchanger 27 is now switched off only at 30 to 50 pS / cm, i. the mixed bed cartridge is noticeably driven into the acidic area. The set first target conductivity of the heating water is subordinate to the second conductivity sensor 25.2 in this mode of breakdown conductivity (second target conductivity). At the first conductivity sensor 25.1, therefore, the first target conductivity may possibly be undershot. However, this is not a problem in practice because, according to the guidelines, the first target conductivity is only an upper limit.
    The third application example is based on an old heating water with a conductivity of 800 pS / cm. The water has residues of degraded antifreeze at a pH of 5.5. No aluminum components are used in the heating circuit. The pH target range is therefore set to 9.5 for an aluminum-free system and the first target conductivity to <200 pS / cm.
    The pH of the system water can not be raised above the mixed bed resin by 4 pH levels at an initial value of 5.5. Therefore, first of all, a first target conductivity of the system water of max. 50 ps / cm desalted in order to reduce the buffering capacity of the heating water as best as possible. By selecting the material to be adjusted (steel), the second target conductivity (breakdown conductivity of the ion exchanger 27) is set to 10 pS / cm.
    After reaching the first target conductivity in the system water, the pH has only increased by about one level. To further increase the pH, the mixed bed cartridge is now removed. About an installed in the apparatus filter cup, in which the filter 24 is installed and which can also serve as a sluice gate for chemicals, a Alkalisierungs- / buffering concentrate is introduced. In a separate operating mode, the alkalization / buffering concentrate can now be distributed in the heating system for about 15 minutes with the assistance of the pump 23 present in the demineralization device 20. The required amount of alkalisation / buffering concentrate can be determined from the attached table, depending on the system volume and the actual pH.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Control device (10) with a connected input unit (11) for controlling a device for adjusting the pH and the simultaneous demineralization of the heating water of a heating system by means of a demineralization device (20) until reaching a first target conductivity, wherein the heating water in Flow direction via a first conductivity sensor (25.1) for determining a first conductivity, an ion exchanger (27) comprising anion and cation exchangers, and after the ion exchanger (27) arranged second conductivity sensor (25.2) for determining a second conductivity is passed and wherein the Demineralizing device (20) is connected in a shunt to a heating circuit of the heating system, characterized in that the control device (10) comprises a processing device (13), from the via the input unit (11) input material data, the Materialeigensc At least a portion of the line system of the heating circuit designate, alone or in conjunction with supplementary data can be implemented such that a second target conductivity for the heating water after the ion exchanger (27) is formed.
    [2]
    2. Control device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the supplementary data via the input unit (11) can be entered.
    [3]
    3. Control device (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that as supplementary data, the pH value of the heating water can be entered in the initial state.
    [4]
    4. Control device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second target conductivity of the heating water is formed after the ion exchanger (27) in dependence on the structure and / or the composition of the ion exchanger (27) used ,
    [5]
    5. Control device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control device (10) for controlling a arranged in the bypass solenoid valve (26) and / or arranged in the shunt pump (23) is designed and that by means of the control device (10) the flow through the shunt via the solenoid valve (26) and / or the pump (23) for demineralization is releasable and by means of the control device (10) upon reaching a first target conductivity and / or the second Target conductivity is interruptible.
    [6]
    6. Control device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the control device (10) has a further operating mode, by means of which the flow through the shunt and the ion exchanger (27) via the solenoid valve (26) and / or the pump (23 ) is again releasable after a predetermined period of time after reaching a first target conductivity, the first conductivity of the heating water is checked after a predetermined flow time and interrupts the flow when the first conductivity corresponds to the first target conductivity and that the control device (10) the flow maintains, when the first conductivity deviates by more than a predetermined amount from the first target conductivity.
    [7]
    7. Control device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control device (10) is designed to output a command prompt and to record a direct input for the first target conductivity and / or that the control device (10) for issuing a prompt and for receiving an input for a capacity of the ion exchanger (27).
    [8]
    8. Control device (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that by means of the control device (10) an input prompt for the capacity of the ion exchanger (27) corresponding integer multiples of a nominal capacity of an ion exchanger (27) filled and arranged in the bypass cartridge interchangeable is gebbaren and / or that by means of the control device (10) an input request according to an integer multiple of a capacity of a smallest ion exchanger amount can be output.
    [9]
    9. Control device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control device (10) with the first conductivity sensor (25.1) of the demineralization device (20) is connectable and / or that the control device (10) with a in the Shunt arranged flow meter (28) is connectable and that with the first conductivity sensor (25.1) determined first conductivity of the heating water from the processing device (13) is such that the total salt content of the heating water is formed and / or that with the flow meter (28 ) can be converted by the processing device (13) such that a residual capacity of the ion exchanger (27) is formed and / or that a shortfall of a predetermined minimum volume flow can conclude a blocking of the shunt.
    [10]
    10. Control device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control device (10) has a display unit (12) and that the display unit (12) for displaying prompts for the material data or for the pH of the Heating water in the initial state or for the capacity of the ion exchanger (27) or for the first target conductivity of the heating water is designed or that the display unit (12) for displaying the total salt content or the first conductivity of the heating water or the second conductivity of the heating water or a volume flow through the demineralization device (20) or a residual capacity of the ion exchanger (27) or a filter change to be performed by a filter (24) arranged in the shunt is considered individually or combination of the displays is designed.
    [11]
    11. Control device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the control device (10) has an operating mode, which allows a flow of the heating water through the demineralization device (20) beyond the exhaustion of the anion exchanger.
    [12]
    12. A method for controlling a demineralization device (20) arranged in a shunt to a heating circuit of a heating system for demineralizing and for adjusting the pH of the heating water of the heating system in a predetermined pH target range, wherein the heating water in the shunt via an ion exchanger (27), containing a cation exchanger and an anion exchanger, is passed and wherein a first conductivity of the heating water by a flow direction in front of the ion exchanger (27) arranged first conductivity sensor (25.1) and a second conductivity of the heating water arranged by a downstream of the ion exchanger second conductivity sensor (25.2) is determined, characterized in that a second target conductivity of the heating water after the ion exchanger in dependence on the metallic materials used in the line system of the heating circuit, esp Other of aluminum components used in the piping system, and is formed in dependence on an initial pH of the heating water.
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that in the presence of aluminum components and an initial pH of less than 9, the second target conductivity after the ion exchanger between 5 pS / cm and 20 pS / cm, preferably from 10 pS / cm, is formed and that in the presence of aluminum components and an initial pH greater than 9, the second target conductivity between 20 pS / cm and 50 pS / cm, preferably from 30 pS / cm is formed.
    [14]
    14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that at an initial pH of less than 6.5, a first target conductivity of the heating water before the ion exchanger (27) in a range between 30 pS / cm and 150 pS / cm , preferably of 50 pS / cm, and that after reaching the first target conductivity an alkaline stabilizing agent is supplied to the heating water and preferably flushed in over a predetermined period of time.
    [15]
    15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that the flow through the ion exchanger (27) is interrupted when the first target conductivity is reached and that the flow through the ion exchanger (27) over the Exhaustion of the anion exchanger is released in addition, if the determined via the second conductivity pH value is above the predetermined pH target range.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH709327A2|2015-09-15|
    DE102014103163B4|2017-12-14|
    DE102014103163A1|2015-09-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE102005036356C5|2005-07-29|2015-09-10|Perma-Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh|Water treatment device for a heating system|
    US8562803B2|2005-10-06|2013-10-22|Pionetics Corporation|Electrochemical ion exchange treatment of fluids|DE102016218227A1|2016-09-22|2018-03-22|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Water treatment module for reducing the conductivity of circulating water|
    DE102017125478A1|2017-10-30|2019-05-02|Perma-Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh|Water treatment device and method for refilling heating water of a heating system|
    DE102018129862A1|2018-11-27|2020-05-28|Perma-Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh|Method and device for reducing the oxygen content of heating water|
    法律状态:
    2018-09-14| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014103163.6A|DE102014103163B4|2014-03-10|2014-03-10|Control device and method for controlling a demineralization device|
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