• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a device (1) for producing a breakthrough in concrete elements during casting, in particular in concrete ceilings or concrete walls. The device (1) comprises a recess body which can be fastened on a formwork. The recess body has a basic body formed by a closed frame (3), on which a cover plate (2) is arranged. The cover plate (2) projects beyond the frame (3) at least partially laterally.
    公开号:CH708841B1
    申请号:CH00931/14
    申请日:2014-06-18
    公开日:2018-03-15
    发明作者:Jäger Martin
    申请人:Am Contract – Factory Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The present invention relates to a device for producing a breakthrough in concrete elements during casting, in particular in concrete ceilings or concrete walls.
    In the construction of houses and buildings, especially buildings for industry, must be taken during the construction phase consideration for later installations. It is envisaged by the concrete elements of the building, that is, in particular, provide concrete ceilings and concrete walls, bushings or openings through which, for example, installation pipes, cables and wires can be performed. Especially in buildings that are built for an industrial purpose, such openings and openings must have considerable dimensions. However, such breakthroughs must be secured to the completion of the building in order to avoid accidents. After or during the completion of the building, it must also be ensured that the fire protection regulations are met. This requires in most cases that breakthroughs with special, fire-resistant materials are closed again.
    With DE 29 922 263 a recess body has been known which replaces the usual made on site wooden frame. The recess body is intended to be used in concrete slabs. It has a bottom and a top surface whose distance from each other is adjustable. An essential point of the device from DE 29 922 263 is the floor, which is to replace a later formwork when a cavity located in the interior of the recess body is poured. To pass lines, the cover of the recess body is removed.
    The device of DE 29 922 263 consists of several parts, which must fit together perfectly. This complicates and increases the cost of production. The removable lid is also a source of danger, as all the cut-outs on the job site must be checked regularly to ensure that the protective cover is still in place. If this is not the case, there is a risk of accidents. Another disadvantage is that, as soon as an installer leads the first line through the recess, the recess can not be closed. Also, the pouring, respectively the production of a seal according to the fire protection regulations, regularly poses great challenges to the installers.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a device for the production of breakthroughs is to be provided, which is simple to manufacture, easy to install, and meets today's safety regulations, without additional elements must be installed.
    The term concrete elements in the present invention refers both to concrete floors and to concrete walls. For example, these concrete floors and concrete walls can be poured on site during the construction phase of a building. However, it is also conceivable that walls and ceilings are delivered as finished elements. The term concrete elements also includes prefabricated concrete elements.
    The inventive device for the production of openings in concrete elements during casting, especially in concrete ceilings or concrete walls, comprises a fastened to a formwork recess body. The recess body has a base body which is formed by a closed frame. On the frame a cover plate is arranged. The cover plate projects beyond the frame at least partially laterally.
    The cover plate of a recess body is in an inventive use as a recess body for a concrete floor typically in the upper region of the recess body respectively closes the upper opening of the frame. By partially overhanging the cover plate over the frame ensures that after casting the concrete ceiling of the recess body can not fall through the concrete ceiling. Even if, for example, the cast concrete can not completely connect or connect to the recess body, sagging of the recess body or at least the cover plate is nevertheless precluded. Installers run no risk when they are in the vicinity of such a device to trip over the device or to fall through the finished poured concrete pavement. Another advantage of such a closed recess body is that after completion of the concrete floor, an underlying space is protected from rain or water, thus facilitating work in the room. The drying of the underlying room is faster if no additional moisture can penetrate.
    Preferably, the cover plate projects beyond the body side on all sides.
    By an all-round transfer of the cover plate creates additional security. In addition, the cover plate is stored independently of the closed frame in the concrete ceiling. However, it is conceivable that the frame, for example, in addition metal angle or other elements are provided which protrude laterally to the base frame in the cast concrete and in addition give the recess body additional stability.
    The frame may have a substantially rectangular or square shape, but it is constructible according to individual needs on site. For example, even triangular or polygonal contours are conceivable. Guerschnitte in the form of a U, L, or E-profile are possible.
    Preferably, the cover plate has a multilayer structure. With a multi-layered structure, influence on the properties of the cover plate can be taken. For example, individual layers may have preferred properties, for example with regard to stability, moisture or fire protection.
    A first layer of the cover plate is preferably made of lightweight concrete, and particularly preferably made of glass fiber reinforced lightweight concrete. Preferably, the glass fiber reinforced concrete has one or more and preferably exactly two glass fiber reinforcements. Such a plate may have a minimum thickness of 10 mm, but preferably a minimum thickness of 12.5 mm. Greater thicknesses are also conceivable. Such a layer can be provided, for example, by a Fermaceli 12.5 mm double-fiberglass-reinforced H20 power panel plate.
    The cover plate is designed such that at least one layer of lightweight concrete may exist. In particular from expanded glass granulate-based glass fiber lightweight concrete.
    Preferably, such layers are provided with a layer structure, wherein the expanded glass granulate-based lightweight concrete is substantially between two layers of glass fibers.
    Such layers have a low weight with high stability. Preferably, such layers are designed as plates and have a thickness of at least 10 mm, preferably 20 mm and particularly preferably 40 mm. Such a plate can be provided for example by a 40 mm Aestuver plate from Fermaceli. Combinations of different thickness plates are also conceivable.
    Another advantage of such layers is the possibility that for breaking the layer no great effort must be operated, since such lightweight concrete slabs can be processed without special tools. For example, they can be drilled and cut.
    Preferably, the cover plate of the device is designed such that it is fire-resistant and in particular a fire resistance of at least 90 min. having. Such a resistance can be achieved by a 40 mm thick expanded glass granulate-based lightweight concrete layer.
    This allows the production of fire protection already in the shell. Later elaborate work to create the fire protection can be minimized, the effort is reduced.
    If the cover plate is opened for the passage of lines, the opening can substantially correspond to the dimensions of the outer lead to be performed. As a result, an additional fire barrier is only necessary in a small edge region of the opening.
    In a further preferred variant, the cover plate may comprise at least one layer of an additional glass fiber fabric, which glass fiber fabric, for example, has a net-like structure.
    By adding a glass fiber fabric or a glass fiber network, the stability of a cover plate can be additionally increased. In particular, a breakthrough of the cover plate can be avoided in an overload, as well as the breakage of the plate, the items remain interconnected by the glass fiber fabric.
    Preferably, the individual layers of the multi-layer structure of a cover plate are bonded to each other over the entire surface.
    A full-surface bonding allows high stability and can prevent, for example, the ingress of water. However, it is also conceivable to additionally mechanically connect the individual layers, for example with staples, nails or the like. The adhesive bond is preferably carried out with a fiber-reinforced cementitious flexible adhesive which meets the minimum requirements C2 TE S1 according to DIN EN 12 004.
    The device is particularly preferably designed such that the cover plate has a load-bearing capacity of at least 200 kg / m 2 and preferably 350 kg / m 2.
    If the carrying capacity is at least 200 kg / m2, it is ensured that persons moving in or on the building are not endangered by being able to fall through the element or break the element. Such a carrying capacity is achieved, for example, with a construction of two layers of lightweight concrete and a layer of glass fiber fabric as described herein. Such a construction fulfills the carrying capacity of a cover plate for a recess up to an approximate size of 1.25 mx 2.6 m. For larger dimensions, it is advantageous for the cover plate to have, for example, an additional layer of glass-fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete, preferably a 12.5 mm thick double-fiberglass-reinforced H20 power panel plate. The preferred load capacity of 350 kg / m2 can be achieved with the present construction of the cover plate via corresponding minimum thicknesses of the layers.
    For smaller openings up to, for example, a dimension of about 25 m x 25 cm, it may also be sufficient if the cover plate has, for example, only one layer of expanded glass granulate-based lightweight concrete.
    The closed frame may have a structure having at least one layer. Such a layer is preferably produced from a glass glass granulated glass fiber-based lightweight concrete and has a minimum thickness of 12.5 mm, particularly preferably a minimum thickness of 25 mm.
    Such layers make the frame stable, but without being overly heavy. In addition, they have good bonding properties to cast concrete.
    Such a layer can be provided for example by a 25 mm Aestuver plate from Fermaceli.
    The device may additionally be provided with webs between the cover plate and the frame.
    Especially with large dimensions of the device webs favor the stability and can counteract an introduced from outside the device to the device pressure, for example, caused by the gravitational pressure of Giessbetons pressure.
    Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the frame has cross braces, which have the same purpose as the webs. In addition, cross braces can be designed such that the recess body is divided into individual fields.
    On the one hand, this allows additional stabilization, on the other hand, individual partitioning areas can be created by subdivisions of this kind. It is conceivable, for example, to subdivide the device substantially centrally with a cross brace and to place it on a formwork during fastening in such a way that the device with the cross brace stands on a wall located below the formwork. Thus, for example, two or, if several cross braces are provided, for example, cross, even more rooms with a breakthrough or with a single device can be developed, but without violating fire safety regulations.
    Preferably, prefabricated elements or openings can already be arranged in the device. Breakthroughs can be arranged in the cover plate and be enclosed with lead-through frame or bushing tubes. These ducts or ducts may for example correspond to standard dimensions of pipes or air ducts or the like. A corresponding measurement may be provided.
    This reduces the workload on the site. In particular, in industrial buildings, the routing of most lines is known, as an example here ventilation pipes are called.
    Thus, for example, all ventilation tube openings can be pre-produced in an inventive device.
    Preferably, such breakthrough frame or Druchbruchrohre are arranged on or in the cover plate. For ventilation ducts, for example, an additional frame may be provided which is located on the cover plate. This frame may alternatively extend through the cover plate.
    This makes it possible to extend a gap that forms between the element to be passed and the device. This favors the fire safety. This gap, which preferably results from the oversize, can subsequently be filled with suitable fire protection foam or fire protection mortar.
    The lead-through frame may preferably be arranged such that at least one side of the frame is arranged in alignment with a web or a strut. The feedthrough frame may also be formed integrally with a strut or a web.
    For example, if there is a transverse wall underneath the device, as described herein, the device may be subdivided into individual partition regions, which subdivisions simultaneously provide a bushing frame.
    Preferably, the cover plate is glued to the frame and connected alternatively or additionally to the frame with brackets, nails or screws.
    This allows a cost-effective production and a secure connection of the individual elements with each other. The part of the cover plate, which covers the clear space of the frame, also remains free of mechanical connections. This allows a slicing or drilling of the plate without damaging the cutting or drilling tools.
    Preferably, the device has fastening means which are provided for attachment to a formwork element. These fastening elements are preferably metal angles. Other fasteners are conceivable, such as a textured surface of the frame.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, the device is designed such that the Außenabmes-sung device, in particular the height of a device for pouring into a bottom plate substantially equal to the thickness of the finished bottom plate.
    It is conceivable to make such devices also such that they can be poured into walls. In such a case, for example, it is advantageous to additionally provide a bottom plate, which essentially corresponds to the cover plate or the structure of the cover plate. Such a device is rotated in the sequence, in contrast to use in a concrete floor, by 90 ° and clamped between two wall formwork elements and / or attached.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for the production of breakthroughs in concrete parts, especially in concrete ceilings or in concrete walls. A device as described herein is attached to a formwork or on a formwork. On the formwork, a concrete component / concrete element is poured. In the case of a concrete ceiling, the ceiling is preferably poured up to an upper edge of a cover plate of the device. In a further step, individual openings are made in the cover plate for passage of conduits. This allows a simple production of a breakthrough, the breakthrough when laying installation pipes can be individually designed / opened.
    This allows a tailor-made production of the breakthroughs. In addition, the effort is reduced, resulting in a further step in the completion of a fire barrier, since only small openings between the contour of the opening and the performed element, such as water or electrical lines must be closed.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a building with a device as described herein, wherein at least one line penetrates the cover plate at a breakthrough. The space between the opening and the pipe is filled with a fire protection foam or filled with fire protection mortar.
    On the basis of figures, which represent only embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail below. It shows:
    1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for the production of breakthroughs,
    2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in an exploded perspective view,
    Fig. 3: the apparatus of Figure with openings shown therein, and
    4 is a sectional view through a cover plate and a frame of the device of Fig. 1,
    5 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 6,
    6 shows a device with a bushing arranged thereon,
    Fig. 7: a top perspective view of a device with different feedthrough frame and feedthrough tubes.
    Fig. 1 shows a device 1 for producing apertures in concrete elements. The device 1 consists of a cover plate 2, which is constructed of different layers, a frame 3, which also consists of individual parts and one or more fastening means 7, wherein in Fig. 1 for the sake of clarity, only one is shown.
    Fig. 2 shows the device 1 of Fig. 1 in an exploded view. The cover plate 2 is composed of individual layers 4, 5 and 6. The layer 4 consists of a glass fiber reinforced lightweight concrete, in this case of a 12.5 mm thick cement-bonded lightweight concrete slab with sandwich structure and a double-sided cover layer reinforcement of alkali-resistant glass lattice fabric, Powerpanel H20 from Fermaceli. The second layer 5 consists of expanded glass granulate-based fiberglass lightweight concrete, in this case from a 40 mm strong Aestuver fire protection board from Fermaceli. Between these two layers 4, 5 a layer 6 is shown, which in the present case is made of a glass fiber fabric. The present square frame 3 is made of four individual elements, which in the present case have a thickness of 25 mm. For the individual elements of the frame 3 here Aestuver plates from the company Fermaceli were used. In the lower region of the frame 3, a fastening means 7 is shown, which is fastened with clips on the frame 3. The fastening means 7 is presently designed as a metal angle. The individual parts of the frame 3 are glued together over the entire surface and additionally connected to each other with brackets 10.
    FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the device 1 with lead-through elements 20a, 20b, 20c shown therein. The lead-through elements 20a, 20b, 20c can be produced, for example, as holes 20a, as an angular opening 20b or directly as tubular openings 20c (through which, for example, installation tubes are guided). The bushings 20a, 20b, 20c essentially have dimensions which essentially correspond to the external dimensions of the installation pipes or lines to be carried out, it being possible to provide for the recess to be enlarged so that a bushing-approved bushing can be created. As a result, only a remaining gap between the installation element and the opening must be closed for fire barrier.
    Fig. 4 now shows a sectional detail view of the device 1, wherein the connection between the cover plate 2 and the frame 3 is shown. In a first step, the frame 3, as shown in Fig. 2, manufactured. On the frame 3, a first layer 4 and in the present case a plate is applied, which is glued over its entire surface with the frame 3. In addition, this layer 4 is attached to the frame with brackets 10b. On the layer 4, a glass fiber fabric 6 is applied. Subsequently, the layer 5 is applied to the layer 4 and the glass fiber fabric 6. All three
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    Layers 4, 5 and 6 are glued together over the entire surface. In addition, it can be provided that the layers 4, 5, 6 are connected to one another via brackets 10a. Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the device 1 of Fig. 6. On the cover plate 2, a presently rectangular breakthrough element 8 is arranged. The breakthrough element 8 is laterally offset from the side wall 3. The cover plate 2 projects beyond the side wall 3 laterally. However, it is conceivable that the breakdown element 8 is also arranged in line with the side wall 3 and the breakthrough element 8 is arranged with the side wall 3 on a plane. 6 shows a plan view of a device 1 with a breakthrough element 8. The breakthrough element 8 is presently rectangular and has dimensions which, for example, with standard dimensions of a ventilation duct, which is to be performed by the breakdown element 8 correlate. Of course, in order to carry out other elements, the breakthrough element may take on a different form. The breakthrough element is arranged on the cover plate 2 of the device 1. The cross-section of the device 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, is only exemplary. Dimensions that have an elongated extent or polygonal base areas, such as triangular or hexagonal, but also forms that correspond to a U-profile, are quite conceivable. Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of a device 1 with different bushing frame 8 and bushing tubes 8 'from above. The bushing frame 8 and bushing tubes 8 'are arranged on the cover plate 2. A ventilation channel 30 penetrates the cover plate 2 in an opening. The ventilation duct 30 is enclosed with a bushing insulation 301, which in the present case is made of a mineral wool. The feedthrough insulation 301 extends through the cover plate 2. The breakthrough for the ventilation duct 30 is extended with a bushing frame 8. The bushing frame 8 is arranged on the cover plate 2 and consists in the present case of an expanded glass granulate-based lightweight concrete. The bushing frame 8 extends 150 mm away from the cover plate 2. Between bushing frame 8 and bushing insulation 301, a gap is provided, which is filled with fire protection foam or fire protection mortar. Also shown is an electrical feedthrough 31. The electrical feedthrough 31 is constructed substantially identical to the implementation of the ventilation 30, wherein a bushing frame 8 is also provided. Of course, the bushing frames 8 may have different dimensions and contours. In the breakthrough of the electrical feedthrough 31 different lines and cables are performed. A gap or cavity between the conduits and the lead-through frame 8 is filled with fire protection foam 302. In Fig. 7 also different pipe penetrations are shown, wherein the basic structure is shown by way of example on a vent pipe 32. The vent tube 32 extends through an opening in the cover plate 2 therethrough. The ventilation tube 32 is bordered on its length with a bushing insulation 301, which in the present case consists of a layer of mineral wool having a thickness of 50 mm. On and under the cover plate, the ventilation tube 32 is additionally enclosed with a further layer of mineral wool, which provides a feedthrough tube 8 '. The bushing 8 'is mounted in each case on the front side with fire protection foam 302 on the cover plate 2. claims
    1. A device (1) for producing a breakthrough in concrete elements during casting, in particular concrete ceilings or concrete walls, comprising a fastened to a formwork recess body, characterized in that the recess body has a by a closed frame (3) formed base body on which a cover plate (2) is arranged, wherein the cover plate (2) projects beyond the frame (3) at least partially laterally.
    [2]
    2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover plate (2) projects laterally beyond the frame on all sides.
    [3]
    3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover plate (2) has a multilayer structure.
    [4]
    4. Device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one layer consists of lightweight concrete.
    [5]
    5. Device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the lightweight concrete glass fiber reinforced lightweight concrete, in particular expanded glass granules fiberglass-based lightweight concrete, is.
    [6]
    6. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cover plate (2) is fire-resistant and in particular a fire resistance of at least 90 min. having.
    [7]
    7. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cover plate (2) has at least one layer of a glass fiber fabric.
    [8]
    8. Device (1) with a multilayer structure of the cover plate (2) according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the individual layers are bonded to each other over the entire surface.
    [9]
    9. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cover plate (2) has a load capacity of at least 200kg / m2.
    [10]
    10. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the frame (3) consists of at least one layer of lightweight concrete, in particular glass fiber reinforced lightweight concrete.
    [11]
    11. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that between the frame (3) and the cover plate (2) webs are provided for stabilization.
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the frame (3) has cross braces for stabilization and in particular is subdivided with cross braces.
    [13]
    13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the cover plate (2) with lead-through frame or bushing tubes (8) are arranged enclosed openings.
    [14]
    14. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cover plate (2) is glued to the frame (3) and / or connected to the frame (3) with brackets, nails or screws (10) is.
    [15]
    15. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the device (1) has fastening means (7) for attachment to a formwork element, in particular metal angle.
    [16]
    16. A method for producing a breakthrough in concrete elements during casting, in particular in concrete ceilings or in concrete walls, comprising the steps: - Attaching a device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15 or on a formwork. - Casting a concrete element, wherein the concrete is preferably poured up to an upper edge of a cover plate (2) of the device.
    [17]
    17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that openings are provided in the cover plate for performing lines.
    [18]
    18. A building with at least one device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15 wherein at least one line penetrates the cover plate (2) at a breakthrough and wherein the gap between breakthrough and line filled with a fire protection foam or filled with a fire protection mortar.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE202013010171U1|2013-11-20|
    CH708841A2|2015-05-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE29922263U1|1999-12-18|2001-04-26|Rudolph Hermann|Recess body for concrete ceilings|WO2017044583A1|2015-09-09|2017-03-16|Walk Safe Innovations, Llc|Rough- in box for creating penetrations in poured concrete flooring and method of use|
    法律状态:
    2017-05-15| PCOW| Change of address of patent owner(s)|Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: DAETTNAUERSTRASSE 13, 8406 WINTERTHUR (CH) |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE201320010171|DE202013010171U1|2013-11-08|2013-11-08|Device for producing apertures in concrete elements|
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