瑞士专利CH707960B1 Particle filter device for a firing device.

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专利摘要:
The present invention relates to a particulate filter device (5) for removing particles from exhaust gas of a firing device (1) with a filter structure (11) which is arranged in an exhaust gas flow path (10) and can be flowed through by the exhaust gas, wherein in the exhaust entrained particles at the Attach filter structure (11). A simplified construction results with the aid of a filter housing (6) which has an exhaust gas inlet (7), an exhaust gas outlet (8) and an interior space (9), in which the exhaust gas path (10) runs from the exhaust gas inlet (7) to the exhaust gas outlet (8) and in which the filter structure (11) is arranged.
公开号:CH707960B1
申请号:CH01339/14
申请日:2013-03-08
公开日:2017-04-28
发明作者:Knandel Thomas；Püttmann Herbert；Reinhardt Alexander
申请人:Mahle Ind Gmbh；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The present invention relates to a particulate filter device for removing particles from exhaust gas of a firing device having the features of the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a firing device, in particular a domestic firing device, preferably a wood firing device, equipped with such a particulate filter device.
From EP 2 332 628 A1 a particle filter device for removing particles from exhaust gas of a firing device is known, which is equipped with a filter structure which is arranged in an exhaust gas flow path and which can be flowed through by the exhaust gas, wherein entrained in the exhaust gas particles attach the filter structure. In the known particulate filter device, the filter structure is formed by a plurality of retaining elements which are movable relative to each other and may be formed for example by bristles or by fins or by shaking. In the known particulate filter device, the filter structure is mounted by means of a corresponding holder directly in a chimney of the firing device, which dissipates the exhaust gas produced during combustion of a combustion chamber of the firing device during operation of the firing device. The known particulate filter device thus in particular simplifies retrofitting of existing firing devices with the particulate filter device so as to reduce the particulate emissions of the respective firing device. The installation of the filter structure in the chimney of the firing device is comparatively complex.
The present invention is concerned with the problem of providing for such a particulate filter device or for such a firing device an improved embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a simplified assembly. In addition, an improved filtration effect is desired.
This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
The invention is based on the general idea to assign the particulate filter device has its own filter housing, in which the filter structure can be particularly easily arranged. Such a filter housing comprises an exhaust gas inlet, an exhaust gas outlet and an interior, whereby the filter housing can be particularly easily installed in a chimney of a firing device or between the chimney and a housing of the firing device. The use of a separate filter housing for the particulate filter device also makes it possible to choose the dimensions of the filter housing and thus also the dimensioning of the filter structure largely independent of the dimensions of the fireplace. In particular, it is thereby possible to provide within the filter housing a flow-through cross section which is greater than a flow-through cross-section of the chimney. As a result, the filter structure for the larger cross-section of the filter housing can be designed, whereby higher separation efficiency can be realized with reduced flow resistance.
An inventive firing device thus comprises a combustion chamber, a fireplace and a particulate filter device with filter housing and filter structure of the type described above.
The filter structure preferably consists of a plurality of fibrous or thread-like or cord-shaped or wire-shaped elements, which may in particular have a corrugated structure and which are preferably substantially uniformly oriented with respect to their longitudinal direction, so that they are arranged transversely to their longitudinal direction side by side. These structural elements are elastic and movable relative to each other. The structural elements are preferably made of a metallic material. At least at one longitudinal end, the structural elements can be fixed relative to one another by means of a holding device, so that the respective holding device makes it possible to position the filter structure within the filter housing. Between their longitudinal ends, the individual structural elements preferably lie loosely against one another. The filtration effect of the filter structure is determined by the packing density of the structural elements within the filter structure. The higher the packing density, ie the greater the number of structural elements per unit area or volume unit, the greater the filtration effect.
When firing devices that work with a fireplace, the drive of the exhaust gas is preferably carried out exclusively on the chimney effect, so on the withdrawal rate of the chimney. This extraction capacity, which is also referred to below as the chimney draft, depends strongly on the temperature of the exhaust gas or on the temperature of the combustion chamber or the chimney. When starting the firing device, the exhaust gas temperature is relatively low, so that the chimney draft is correspondingly small. If, however, the firing device is heated in the region of the combustion chamber, high exhaust gas temperatures and a correspondingly increased flue draft result.
In such passive Feuerungsvorrichtungen the use of particulate filter devices is problematic because they have a certain flow resistance. While at high exhaust gas temperatures of the large chimney draft is usually sufficient to pull the exhaust gas through the filter structure, at low exhaust gas temperatures, ie preferably when starting the firing device, the chimney draft may be too small to pull sufficient exhaust gas through the filter structure. The result is a strong smoke in the combustion chamber. Likewise, the fire can go out again.
According to an advantageous embodiment, the combustion chamber can be connected or connected via the chimney of the firing device to a building-side, leading to an environment fume hood to use the chimney effect. The particulate filter device is now preferably incorporated between the combustion chamber and the flue into the chimney of the combustion device, whereby the particulate filter device, e.g. for cleaning and maintenance purposes, accessible within the building.
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the particulate filter, a compression device can now be provided, which is designed so that it compresses the filter structure depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas. In this case, this compression device is expediently designed so that it generates the lowest possible compression of the filter structure at low exhaust gas temperature, so that there is only a very small packing density within the filter structure. With increasing exhaust gas temperature, the compression device increases the compression of the filter structure, so that at a high exhaust gas temperature, a correspondingly high packing density is present within the filter structure. However, the packing density of the filter structure correlates with the flow resistance of the filter structure. This means that it is possible by means of the compression device to set a low flow resistance for low exhaust gas temperatures, which in particular can be made so small that even a small chimney draft is sufficient to pull the exhaust gas through the filter structure. In doing so, a reduced cleaning effect associated with the reduced packing density is quite accepted. As the temperature of the exhaust gas increases, and as a result the chimney draft increases, the compression of the filter structure leads to an increasing packing density, which improves the filtration effect. The simultaneously increasing flow resistance is compensated by the increasing chimney draft, so that always sufficient exhaust gas can be withdrawn through the filter structure.
The compression device may, for example, comprise at least one actuating element which can compress the filter structure for compression. Such an actuating element can be formed, for example, by a bimetallic component or by a component made of a shape memory alloy, so that it deforms reversibly correspondingly to temperature. Thus, the compression device operates preferably passive or de-energized, which reduces energy consumption and installation costs.
The structural elements of the filter structure are, as mentioned above, preferably arranged longitudinally and transversely to their longitudinal direction next to one another and oriented substantially uniformly in their longitudinal direction. The compression of the filter structure is now preferably carried out by means of the compression device transversely to the orientation of the structural elements, so that when compressing the distances between adjacent structural elements are reduced.
In the compression device, preferably in the respective control element can be integrated according to an advantageous development of a cracking mechanism that triggers a sudden compression upon reaching a predetermined temperature during heating and / or a sudden decompression when cooling. This sudden or stepped compression or decompression leads to a rapid movement of the structural elements relative to each other, resulting in an efficient cleaning of deposited on the filter structure particles. In this way, a self-cleaning function for the filter structure can thus be integrated into the compression device.
Alternatively, the compression device may also be designed so that it performs the compression or decompression of the filter structure continuously and largely proportional to the exhaust gas temperature.
A majority of entrained in the exhaust gas particles consists of soot, so from unburned carbon. Especially at low temperatures comparatively much soot can arise, whereby a filter structure, which is designed for a high separation efficiency, added comparatively quickly. Therefore, there is also a need for a solution that enables regeneration of the filter structure during operation of the firing device.
This problem is solved in another advantageous embodiment in that the filter structure is equipped with a catalytically active coating. Such a catalytically active coating leads to a reduction of the self-ignition temperature of the particle loading of the filter structure. In particular, with the aid of the catalytically active coating, this autoignition temperature can be reduced to such an extent that, in normal operation of the combustion device, this autoignition temperature is generally exceeded. Consequently, when the firing device is sufficiently heated, spontaneous combustion occurs and the particle loading of the filter structure burns off. The filter structure is characterized largely regenerated.
The filter housing may conveniently be cylindrical and transverse to its longitudinal central axis have an inner cross-section which is greater than an inlet cross section of the exhaust gas inlet and is greater than an outlet cross-section of the exhaust outlet. The exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet can now be arranged flush with one another with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the filter housing, preferably one above the other, preferably in the installed state of the particulate filter device, on the filter housing. In such a structure of the filter housing, the filter structure preferably has an annular and conical jacket body, which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal center axis of the filter housing in the filter housing and thereby tapers in a funnel shape toward the exhaust gas inlet. Such an embodiment results in that in a mechanical cleaning of the filter structure, e.g. by knocking or shaking or hitting the filter structure, a large proportion of the particles which are released fall or trickle along the funnel-shaped filter structure in the direction of the inlet opening due to gravity. Thus, the cleaned-up particles ultimately pass through the inlet opening into the combustion chamber, which in the case of a log firing device is in any case provided with a corresponding catch-up device for combustion residues, e.g. with an ash container.
In this case, a combination with a compression device, in particular of the type described above, is particularly expedient. For this purpose, the compression device is arranged on the upstream end region of the filter structure in order to be able to compress or decompress it, depending on temperature, concentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis. Particularly advantageous is now an embodiment in which the compression device and the filter structure are coordinated so that in the decompressed state, ie at low temperature in the filter structure in the inflow end region forms a central opening, within which the packing density of the filter structure is very low , In particular, this central opening can be at best free of structural elements of the filter structure, so that the filter structure surrounds the central opening in an annular manner. For firing the firing device thus a central through-hole is created, which passes the exhaust path through the central opening, without the exhaust gas in this case must flow through the filter structure. The central opening thus represents a bypass for bypassing the filter structure. The compression device now causes the central opening closes with increasing exhaust gas temperature. This can - as already mentioned above - be stepless or stepped or abruptly. While the upstream axial end region of the filter structure can be adjusted or compressed by means of the compression device, the downstream axial end region can be suitably fixedly arranged on the filter housing, for example with a suitable holding device already mentioned above.
The upstream end of the conical filter structure has transversely to the longitudinal central axis expedient a Ouer-cut, which is smaller than or at most equal to the size of an opening cross section of the exhaust gas inlet. In contrast, the downstream end of the filter structure expediently has a cross section transverse to the longitudinal central axis, which is greater than an opening cross section of the exhaust gas outlet. In this case, an embodiment in which the opening cross-sections of the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet have the same size is particularly advantageous.
According to another advantageous embodiment, in which the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust outlet with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the filter housing to each other axially aligned, and in particular in the installed state of the particulate filter device are arranged on the cylindrical filter housing, the filter structure according to an advantageous embodiment, an annular jacket body which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal central axis of the filter housing in the filter housing, wherein a density of the filter structure within the jacket body decreases in the direction of the exhaust gas inlet. If the filter structure consists of a multiplicity of individual, elongate structural elements, their packing density in the direction of flow of the filter housing thus increases. This means that the filter structure in a section arranged proximally to the exhaust gas inlet has a lower cleaning effect than in a section arranged distally to the exhaust gas inlet. It has been found that such a configuration hardly has a disadvantageous effect with regard to the overall cleaning effect achievable with the filter structure. However, this shaping results in a significantly improved cleaning effect for the filter structure during mechanical cleaning operations, such as, for example, cleaning. Knocking or hitting or shaking the filter structure. Such a shape within the filter structure can be achieved particularly easily with elongate structural elements in that the structural elements are fixed to a holding device only at one axial end of the filter structure, while they are essentially free-standing at the opposite axial end, at least relative to one another.
According to another advantageous embodiment, the device according to the invention can be equipped with a cleaning device, with the aid of which the particles deposited on the filter structure can be cleaned off. With the aid of such a cleaning device, an arbitrary cleaning of the filter structure is preferably possible. Conveniently, the particulate filter device can now also be equipped with a vacuum cleaner connection, via which a suction pipe of a vacuum cleaner can be connected. This makes it possible to suck off the particles dissolved during the arbitrary cleaning of the filter structure with a vacuum cleaner via the vacuum cleaner connection, in particular before the cleaned-off particles fall into the combustion chamber of the firing device. In this way, an additional contamination of the combustion chamber or a housing containing the combustion chamber of the combustion device when cleaning the particulate filter device can be avoided.
The vacuum cleaner connection is expediently arranged on the raw side or inlet side of the filter structure. In the installed state, the vacuum cleaner connection is expediently below the filter structure and preferably below the exhaust gas inlet. For example, the vacuum cleaner connection can be arranged directly on the filter housing. Likewise, the filter housing may be equipped on its outside with an inlet connection piece, which encloses the exhaust gas inlet. The vacuum cleaner connection can now also be arranged on this inlet connecting piece.
The cleaning device preferably operates normally, so that it is manually operable. It may include a mechanism that causes knocking or hitting or shaking of the filter structure. Particularly useful is an embodiment in which the cleaning device can be actuated or triggered by means of a vacuum, which can be generated by means of the vacuum cleaner, which is connected to the vacuum cleaner port. In this case, the cleaning device is thus automatically actuated exactly when, with the aid of the vacuum cleaner connected to the vacuum cleaner suction, there is a necessary for the extraction of particles suppression.
According to another advantageous embodiment, the particulate filter device may be equipped with an uncontrolled bypass to the exhaust gas bypassing the filter structure. The uncontrolled bypass is characterized by a flow-through cross-section, which is always largely independent of the respective exhaust gas temperature and is maintained in particular even at high exhaust gas temperatures. The uncontrolled bypass allows undisturbed operation of the firing device even in the event that the filter structure clogged during operation of the firing device so far that the chimney draft is no longer sufficient, sufficient exhaust gas through the filter
Pull the structure through. The suction effect of the chimney draft then amplifies correspondingly at the uncontrolled bypass, so that in this case sufficient exhaust gas can be withdrawn through the uncontrolled bypass.
The uncontrolled bypass is characterized by a flow-through bypass cross-section, which is small compared to the flow-through cross-sections of the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust outlet. For example. the bypass cross-section of the uncontrolled bypass is at most 25% of the flow-through cross-section of the exhaust gas inlet or the exhaust gas outlet. Suitably, the uncontrolled bypass is arranged on the inflow-side end region of the filter structure. In particular, the uncontrolled bypass may be arranged annularly between the filter housing and the annular filter structure.
Advantageously, on the filter housing in the interior of a protruding annular collar may be formed, on which the filter structure is axially supported. The annular collar can now be formed completely or at least in a region adjoining the filter housing by a perforated plate or by a grid. The free cross sections of the perforated plate or of the grid now form the uncontrolled bypass, which passes radially between filter housing and filter structure on the filter structure. Particularly expediently, a cleaning device can now be provided for the uncontrolled bypass, which ensures that impurities accumulating on the uncontrolled bypass, in particular particles, are again cleaned off. In this way, the uncontrolled bypass can be protected from clogging by attaching particles. Such a cleaning device may comprise a mechanism for stripping or knocking or shaking or hitting. Particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the annular collar is completely or at least in the adjoining the filter housing area equipped with two perforated plates or with two gratings, which are axially superposed. With respect to the longitudinal center axis and which are arranged to be movable relative to each other. For example. a perforated plate or a grid may be rotatably mounted on the other perforated plate or on the other grid about the longitudinal center axis of the filter housing. By means of a corresponding drive, a relative adjustment between the two perforated plates or between the two gratings can be effected, which leads to a sufficient cleaning action for cleaning off the particles accumulating on the perforated plates or on the grids. Such a drive can be realized by means of a bimetallic component or by means of a component made of a shape memory alloy, so that the corresponding drive operates without current and temperature-dependent.
According to another advantageous embodiment, the particulate filter device may have a controlled bypass, which allows an exhaust gas bypassing the filter structure, wherein the controlled bypass is associated with a control, by means of which a flow-through cross-section of the bypass can be controlled temperature-dependent. Such a controlled bypass may be beneficial to the firing of the firing device. When starting the exhaust gas temperature is relatively low, so that the chimney draft is correspondingly small. Depending on the design of the filter structure, the chimney draft during firing is not sufficient to pull sufficient exhaust gas through the filter structure. Due to the controlled bypass, a bypass of the filter structure can be made possible for the starting, so that the high flow resistance of the filter structure does not come into play. At higher temperatures, where the chimney draft is sufficient to pull the exhaust gas through the filter structure, the controlled bypass can be closed accordingly, so that as a result of the exhaust gas flow through the filter structure and is cleaned.
The controlled bypass is characterized by a flow-through bypass cross-section, which is compared to the flow-through cross-sections of the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust outlet in the open state is substantially equal or similar. For example. the bypass cross-section of the controlled bypass in the open state is at least 50% of the flow-through cross-section of the exhaust gas inlet or the exhaust gas outlet.
According to a variant in which an annular filter structure is used, the controlled bypass may be formed on an axial end region, preferably on the outlet side, within the particle filter device. In this case, the controlled bypass is arranged concentrically in the filter structure, that is, the filter structure encloses the controlled bypass annular. In such an embodiment, the controlled bypass may expediently have a flap, preferably a butterfly flap, in order to be able to control the cross-section of the bypass through which it can flow. To rotate the flap, a shaft may be provided, on which a drive for actuating the flap can attack. For example. can be used to drive the shaft, a bimetallic component or a component of a shape memory alloy, which causes a temperature-dependent rotation of the shaft or the flap. In addition, the shaft can be led out of the filter housing and carry on the outside of the filter housing a handle over which a manual actuation of the flap is possible.
According to another variant of the particulate filter device in which an annular filter structure is used, the controlled bypass can be arranged at an axial end region of the filter structure, preferably upstream, annularly between the filter structure and the filter housing. In this case, the controlled bypass can be suitably designed so that its flow-through cross-section is not completely closed, so that therefore always an uncontrolled bypass component remains open. In this way, the function of the uncontrolled bypass already described above can be integrated into the controlled bypass provided here.
According to an advantageous development, the filter structure can cooperate at its respective end region for forming the controlled bypass with a seat structure. Filter structure and seat structure are now axially adjustable relative to each other. A corresponding actuator can be realized, for example, by means of a bimetallic component or by means of a component made of a shape memory alloy. Conveniently, the respective actuator drives the filter structure relative to the seat structure, which is fixedly arranged in this case on the housing. Alternatively, the actuator drives the seat structure relative to the filter structure, which in this case is fixed to the filter housing.
The respective actuator is suitably designed so that it adjusts a maximum flow-through cross-section in the controlled bypass at low exhaust gas temperature, whereby the firing of the firing device is facilitated. With increasing temperature of the actuator adjusts the filter structure relative to the seat structure such that the flow-through cross-section decreases. The adjustment can be made stepless or stepped. Suitably, the actuator is designed so that it does not fall below a predetermined minimum flow-through cross-section.
Additionally or alternatively, a stop in the adjustment of the seat structure and the filter structure may be arranged, which ensures that a minimum predetermined flow-through cross section is maintained even at high exhaust gas temperatures.
In another advantageous embodiment, the particulate filter device may also be equipped with a cleaning device, with the help of which particles deposited on the filter structure can be cleaned. The cleaning device is equipped with a movement device for introducing a movement into the filter structure relative to the filter housing, with an actuating device for actuating the movement device and with a coupling device for mechanically coupling the actuating device with the movement device. Advantageously, the actuating device is now arranged outside the filter housing, whereby it is particularly easy to operate from outside the arranged in the interior of the filter housing movement means.
Particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the actuating device is arranged on a housing containing the combustion chamber of the firing device. By this measure, the accessibility of the actuator can be significantly improved. For example. is a commercial stove, which can be installed in the household readily already two meters high on the housing side, with the fireplace can connect up. Even if the filter device is arranged between the housing of the firing device and the chimney, an actuating device arranged on the filter housing would be difficult to access.
In the simplest case, the actuating device is a handle which is arranged on the housing of the firing device and is coupled via the coupling device with the movement device arranged in the filter housing.
Particularly advantageous is now an embodiment in which the coupling device is coupled to a flap or door of the combustion chamber containing housing of the firing device, such that by pivoting the flap or door on the coupling means the movement means is operated to clean the filter structure , In other words, in this case, the actuating device is formed by a flap or door of the housing of the firing device.
Alternatively, it is also conceivable to arrange a grate, which serves in the combustion chamber for laying firewood, movable in the housing and to couple via the coupling device with the movement device. As a result, loading the grate and burning off the combustible material via the coupling device results in actuation of the movement device for cleaning the filter structure. In other words, the grate movably arranged in the housing forms the actuating device of the cleaning device.
According to an advantageous embodiment, the movement device can be designed so that it generates a sudden movement of the filter structure. This can be realized, for example, by means of a spring structure or by means of a clicking mechanism.
Further important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings.
It is understood that in the context of the claims, the above-mentioned and the features to be explained below not only in the combination specified, but also in other combinations or alone.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.
They show, in each case schematically,
1 is an isometric view of a firing device,
2 is a simplified side view of a firing device,
3 and 4 are each a highly simplified sectional view of a particulate filter device in the region of a filter structure in two different states,
5 is a highly simplified sectional view of a particulate filter device,
6 and 7 are each a highly simplified sectional view of a particulate filter device in various states,
8 is also a simplified sectional view of a particulate filter device in another embodiment,
9 to 11 are views of a detail IX of the particulate filter device of Fig. 8 in the region of an uncontrolled
bypass,
12 and 13 are each a highly simplified sectional view of a particulate filter device in various embodiments,
14 and 15 are each a greatly simplified schematic view of a firing device at various
Embodiments.
According to FIGS. 1, 2, 14 and 15, a combustion device 1 in a housing 2 comprises a combustion chamber 3. In addition, the combustion device 1 is provided with a chimney 4 for removing exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 3 and with a particle filter device 5 for removal equipped by particles from the exhaust. The firing device 1 is, in particular, a house-firing device, which can therefore be installed in a building. The firing device 1 is particularly advantageously a wood firing device, with which wood and the like, in particular in a living space, can be fired. When installed, the chimney 4 of the combustion device 1 connects the combustion chamber 3 with a flue of the building, not shown here, which supplies the combustion exhaust gases to an environment of the building. The particulate filter device 5 is now installed in the chimney 4 between the combustion chamber 3 and the flue.
The particulate filter device 5 has a filter housing 6, which is expediently incorporated on the inlet side in the chimney 4 or between the housing 2 and the fireplace 4.
According to FIGS. 5 to 8, 12 and 13, the filter housing 6 has an exhaust gas inlet 7, an exhaust gas outlet 8 and an interior 9, in which an exhaust gas path 10, partially indicated by arrows, leads from the exhaust gas inlet 7 to the exhaust gas outlet 8. The particulate filter device 5 also has a filter structure 11, which is disposed within the filter housing 6, namely in the interior 9, such that the filter structure 11 is also located in the flow path 10 and can be flowed through by the exhaust gas. The filter structure 11 is designed so that it filters out entrained particles in the exhaust gas, wherein the deposited particles attach to the filter structure 11.
According to FIGS. 3 to 5, the particle filter device 5 can be equipped with a compression device 12 with the aid of which the filter structure 11 can be compressed depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas. For example, FIG. 3 shows a compressed state that sets at relatively high exhaust gas temperatures, while FIGS. 4 and 5 show a decompressed state that sets at low exhaust gas temperatures.
The filter structure 11 expediently comprises a multiplicity of elongate structural elements, which run largely parallel to one another or are oriented largely identically with respect to their longitudinal direction. Thus, the structural elements are juxtaposed transversely to their longitudinal direction. The compression by means of the compression device 12, which is indicated in Fig. 3 by a double arrow 13, is oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the structural elements of the filter structure 13.
The filter structure 11 may be provided with a catalytic coating, not shown here, to be able to initiate regeneration of the filter structure 11 by combustion of the particle load at a sufficient exhaust gas temperature.
In the embodiments shown here, the filter housing 6 is cylindrical and has according to FIG. 5 transversely to its longitudinal central axis 14, an inner cross-section 15 which is greater than an inlet cross section 16 of the exhaust gas inlet 7 and is greater than an outlet cross section 17 of the exhaust gas outlet 8. Further are suitably exhaust inlet 7 and exhaust outlet 8 with respect. The longitudinal central axis 14 to each other axially aligned with the filter housing 6. In the mounted state or in the installed state within the combustion device 1, the exhaust gas outlet 8 is located vertically above the exhaust gas inlet 7. In FIGS. 5 to 8, the orientation of gravity for this installation state is indicated by an arrow 18.
According to the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the filter structure 11 has an annular conical jacket body 19 which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal center axis 14 of the filter housing 6 in the filter housing 6 and tapers to the exhaust inlet 7. In this embodiment, a compression device 12 is also provided, which is arranged here on the upstream end region of the filter structure 11. In this case, the compression device 12 is matched to the filter structure 11, that in the decompressed state on the upstream side of the filter structure 11, a central passage opening 20 is formed. With increasing temperature, the inflow-side end region of the filter structure 11 is compressed by the compression device 12 concentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis 14, whereby the opening 20 is closed.
According to FIGS. 1, 2, 5, 6, 13 to 15, the particle filter device 5 can be equipped with a cleaning device 21, with which particles deposited on the filter structure 11 can be cleaned off. Furthermore, the particulate filter device 5 is expediently equipped with a vacuum cleaner connection 22, to which a suction pipe of a vacuum cleaner can be connected in order to be able to extract particles which have dissolved during cleaning of the filter structure 11. In the embodiments shown here, the vacuum cleaner connection 22 is attached to an inlet connecting piece 23, which is arranged on the outside of the filter housing 6 and encloses the exhaust gas inlet 7.
6 and 7, the particulate filter device 5 may have a controlled bypass 24, which bypasses the filter structure 11 on the exhaust side and to which a control 25 is associated, with the aid of a flow-through cross section of the bypass 24 can be controlled depending on the temperature , In the example of FIGS. 6 and 7, the filter structure 11 is configured annular again, so that the controlled bypass 24 can be arranged centrally in the filter structure 11 at the outlet-side axial end region. The control element 25 comprises a flap 26, which is rotatable by means of a shaft 27. A bimetal component 28 or a corresponding component 28 made of a shape memory alloy can now control the shaft 27 for rotating the flap 26, depending on the temperature in the exhaust gas. In addition, an outside of the housing 6 arranged handle 29 may be provided, by means of which the flap 26 can be adjusted manually. The flap 26 is in its open position, so that the exhaust gas according to an arrow 30 through the controlled open bypass 24, bypassing the filter structure 11 through the filter housing 6 can flow. If the firing device has reached its operating temperature, the controlled bypass 24 can be closed by means of the flap 26, as shown in FIG. 7, so that the exhaust gas flow is now forced to pass through the filter structure 11.
According to FIGS. 6 to 8, an uncontrolled bypass 31 can also be provided, which likewise permits an exhaust-side bypass of the filter structure 11. In the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the uncontrolled bypass 31 is arranged on the upstream axial end region of the filter structure 11, wherein it extends annularly between the filter housing 6 and the filter structure 11.
In detail, according to FIGS. 8 to 11, the filter structure 11 is axially supported on the housing side on an annular collar 32, which is arranged on the inside of the filter housing 6. Suitably, the annular collar 32 is formed by a perforated plate 33 or by a grid 33. According to FIG. 11, the annular collar 32 can be formed by two perforated plates 33 or by two grids 33 which lie on one another and are movable relative to one another. By means of an adjusting element 34, for example in the form of a bimetallic component and / or in the form of a component made of a shape memory alloy, it is possible to adjust the two perforated plates 33 or the grids 33 relative to one another in a temperature-dependent manner.
Alternatively, according to FIGS. 9 and 10, the use of a vibrating device or the use of a stripping device is conceivable.
12 and 13 now show embodiments in which the functionalities of the controlled bypass 24 and the uncontrolled bypass 31 are integrated with each other. For this purpose, the controlled bypass 24 is configured so that it is not completely closable, so that even at high operating temperatures, a predetermined flow-through cross-section remains open, which then forms the uncontrolled bypass 31. For this purpose, it may be provided, for example, to allow the filter structure 11 to interact with a seat structure 35 at its upstream end, with the filter structure 11 and seat structure 35 being adjustable relative to one another axially relative to one another with respect to the longitudinal center axis 14. An actuator 36, e.g. can be produced by means of a bimetallic component or by means of a component made of a shape memory alloy can now change depending on the temperature, the relative position between the filter structure 11 and seat structure 35. In the examples of FIGS. 12 and 13, the seat structure 35 is fixedly attached to the filter housing 6, so that the adjusting device 36 expediently lift the filter structure 11 in the filter housing 6. It is clear that a reverse arrangement is possible.
Fig. 13 now also shows a particular embodiment in which the density of the filter structure 11 decreases within the sheath body 19 in the direction of the exhaust gas inlet 7. This is achieved in that a packing density of the individual structural elements of the filter structure 11 decreases in the direction of the exhaust gas inlet 7. For example. This can be achieved in that the elongated structural elements are fastened to one another exclusively by means of a retaining device 45 at their end facing the exhaust gas outlet 8, while they are not secured to one another at the opposite longitudinal end facing the exhaust gas inlet 7. In addition, the individual structural elements are not axially attached between their axial ends.
In the embodiments of FIGS. 14 and 15, the cleaning device 21, with the aid of which the filter structure 11 of particles deposited thereon can be cleaned, comprises a movement device 37 for introducing a movement into the filter structure 11 relative to the filter housing 6, an actuating device 38 for actuating the movement device 37 and a coupling device 39 for mechanically coupling the actuating device 38 with the movement device 37. By using such a coupling device 39, the actuating device 38 can be arranged comparatively far away from the movement device 37. Preferably, an arrangement outside the filter housing 6, namely preferably on or in the housing 2 of the burner device 1. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 14, the actuator 38 is formed by a flap 40 of the housing 2, through which the combustion chamber 3 is accessible , Accordingly, the coupling device 39 is on the flap

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[1]
1. Particulate filter device for removing particles from exhaust gas of a firing device (1), with a filter structure (11) which is arranged in an exhaust path (10) and can be flowed through by the exhaust gas, wherein particles entrained in the exhaust gas accumulate on the filter structure (11) characterized by a filter housing (6) having an exhaust gas inlet (7), an exhaust gas outlet (8) and an interior space (9) in which the exhaust gas path (10) extends from the exhaust gas inlet (7) to the exhaust gas outlet (8) and in which the filter structure (11) is arranged.
[2]
2. Particle filter device according to claim 1, characterized by a compression device (12) for compressing the filter structure (11) depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas.
[3]
3. Particulate filter device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by a catalytically active coating of the filter structure (11).
[4]
4. Particulate filter device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filter housing (6) is cylindrical and transversely to its longitudinal central axis (14) has an inner cross-section (15) which is greater than an inlet cross section (16) of the exhaust gas inlet (7 ) and greater than an outlet cross-section (17) of the exhaust gas outlet (8) that the exhaust gas inlet (7) and the exhaust gas outlet (8) with respect. The longitudinal central axis (8) of the filter housing (6) are arranged axially aligned with each other on the filter housing (6) in that the filter structure (11) has an annular and conical jacket body (19) which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal central axis (14) of the filter housing (6) in the filter housing (6) and tapers towards the exhaust gas inlet (7).
[5]
5. Particulate filter device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filter housing (6) is cylindrical and transversely to its longitudinal central axis (14) has an inner cross-section (15) which is greater than an inlet cross-section (16) of the exhaust gas inlet (7 ) and greater than an outlet cross-section (17) of the exhaust gas outlet (8) that the exhaust gas inlet (7) and the exhaust gas outlet (8) with respect. The longitudinal central axis (8) of the filter housing (6) are arranged axially aligned with each other on the filter housing (6) in that the filter structure (11) has an annular jacket body (19), which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal central axis (14) of the filter housing (6) in the filter housing (6), such that the density of the filter structure (11) within the jacket body (19) in Direction to the exhaust inlet (7) decreases.
[6]
6. Particulate filter device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a vacuum cleaner connection (22) for connecting a suction pipe of a vacuum cleaner.
[7]
7. Particulate filter device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by an uncontrolled bypass (31) for the exhaust gas bypassing the filter structure (11).
[8]
8. Particulate filter device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a controlled bypass (24) for the exhaust gas bypassing the filter structure (11), which is associated with a control element (25) for temperature-dependent control of the flow-through cross section of the bypass (24).
[9]
9. Particulate filter device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a cleaning device (21) for cleaning the particles deposited on the filter structure (11).
[10]
10. Particle filter device according to claim 9, characterized in that the cleaning device (21) has a movement device (37) for introducing a movement into the filter structure (11) relative to the filter housing (6), an actuating device (38) for actuating the movement device (37). and a coupling device (39) for mechanically coupling the actuating device (38) with the movement device (37), wherein the actuating device (38) is arranged outside the filter housing (6).
[11]
11. A combustion device (1) with a combustion chamber (3), with a chimney (4) and with a particle filter device (5) according to one of claims 1 to 10.
[12]
12. A combustion device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the combustion chamber (3) via the chimney (4) to a building-side, leading to an environment flue is connectable, wherein the particulate filter device (5) between the combustion chamber (3) and the flue is integrated into the chimney (4).
[13]
13. A firing device (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the firing device (1) is a house-firing device, preferably a wood-firing device.
[14]
14. A combustion device (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the particulate filter device comprises a cleaning device (21) for cleaning of the filter structure (11) deposited particles, wherein the cleaning device (21) comprises a movement device (37) for Introducing a movement into the filter structure (11) relative to the filter housing (6) and an actuating device (38) for actuating the movement device (37) and a coupling device (39) for mechanically coupling the actuating device (38) to the movement device (37), wherein the actuating device (38) is arranged outside the filter housing (6) and the coupling device (39) is connected to a flap (40) of the firing device (1), through which the combustion chamber (3) is accessible, so that the actuating device (38 ) is formed by this flap (40) and an opening and / or closing of the flap (40) the Bewegungsseinri (37) for moving the filter structure (11) actuated.
[15]
15. A firing device (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the particulate filter device comprises a cleaning device (21) for cleaning of the filter structure (11) deposited particles, which has a movement device (37) for initiating a movement in the Filter structure (11) relative to the filter housing (6) and an actuating device (38) for actuating the moving means (37) and a coupling means (39) for mechanically coupling the actuating means (38) with the moving means (37), wherein the actuating means (38 ) is arranged outside the filter housing (6) and the coupling device (39) to a grate (41) of the firing device (1) is connected, so that the actuating device (38) by the grate (41) is formed in the combustion chamber (3 ) of the firing device (1) for laying firing material (42) and is arranged adjustably in the combustion chamber (3), such that a B loads of the grate (41) e.g. with firing and / or relieving the grate (41), the moving means (37) for moving the filter structure (11) actuated.

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

AT517389A5|2017-01-15|

DE112013001339A5|2014-11-20|

DE102012203641A1|2013-09-12|

WO2013132045A2|2013-09-12|

WO2013132045A3|2014-01-30|

引用文献:

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DE20211372U1|2002-07-27|2003-12-11|Hjs Fahrzeugtechnik Gmbh & Co.|Exhaust gas particle filter for removing pollutants from a diesel engine exhaust gases comprises a filter body having filter pockets formed from a filter material strip|

AT502443B1|2005-09-01|2008-01-15|Make Charlotte|Smoke filter for house chimney has filter insert with extractor fan discharging filtered air to ambient atmosphere|

DE102006021133A1|2006-05-04|2008-01-10|Institut für Energie und Umwelttechnik e.V..Institut an der Gerhard-Mercator-Universität-Gesamthochschule-Duisburg|Purification of polluted exhaust gas stream, comprises catalytically purifying the gas stream in a reactor containing a fill of metal chips and dedusting magnetizable particles of the exhaust gas stream by a magnetic field|

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DE102009057768A1|2009-12-10|2011-06-16|Mahle International Gmbh|particulate filter device|

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DE202010005540U1|2010-06-01|2010-07-29|Junske, Daniela|Filter for small fire stations, especially for closed chimney systems|DE102017129808B3|2017-12-13|2019-05-02|Kerafol Holding Gmbh|filtering device|

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法律状态:
2017-02-15| PUE| Assignment|Owner name: MAHLE INDUSTRIEFILTRATION GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: MAHLE INTERNATIONAL GMBH, DE |

2017-12-29| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: GEVERS SA, CH |

2017-12-29| PFA| Name/firm changed|Owner name: FILTRATION GROUP GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: MAHLE INDUSTRIEFILTRATION GMBH, DE |

2018-10-31| PL| Patent ceased|

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

DE102012203641A|DE102012203641A1|2012-03-08|2012-03-08|Particle filter device for a firing device|

PCT/EP2013/054678|WO2013132045A2|2012-03-08|2013-03-08|Particle filter device for a combustion device|

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