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    • 专利摘要:
    A gas circuit breaker comprises: a pair of electrodes (11, 21) provided to be capable of contacting each other and of separating from each other; and an insulating material which is positioned to generate a decomposition gas in response to a direct or indirect action from an arc occurring between the pair of electrodes when a current is cut, wherein the decomposition gas generated by the insulating material when the current is cut is configured to be used for quenching the arc, and wherein the insulating material is ablative material (6) which does not have hydrogen atoms but which has a bond carbon-oxygen in a main chain or a cyclic portion.
    公开号:CH707827B1
    申请号:CH01120/14
    申请日:2012-10-11
    公开日:2017-05-15
    发明作者:Horinouchi Katsuhiko；Sato Motohiro；Kubo Kazuki；Awano Yuhei
    申请人:Mitsubishi Electric Corp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a gas circuit breaker that blows an arc extinguishing gas on an arc appearing between the electrodes during the breaking, for example, of a large current due to accidental short circuit or conduction current during normal operation.
    PRIOR ART [0002] According to PTL 1, a conventional gas circuit breaker operates so that, with a high pressure generated in a heating chamber, when the next point at zero current is to be crossed, an insulating gas in the heating chamber s flows from a blowing slot through an arc chamber and a pressurized chamber to an air outlet provided on the side opposite the arc chamber in the pressure chamber, while the gas flows through the arc chamber to another air outlet chamber on an open / close pin side. In this example, the gas stream naturally traverses an arc, adequately removing its ionized gas in the lateral distance to prevent an arc from appearing after passing through the zero current point, which terminates the arc extinction.
    According to PTL 2, a fixed member which is heated by a gas heated by an arc to generate an evaporation gas is placed inside a heating chamber to improve the pressure increase at the same time. inside the heating chamber. In this example, the insert includes a polymer having a chemical composition that does not include oxygen.
    According to PTL 3, in an SF6 gas insulated electrical apparatus comprising a gas insulator SF6 and a coexisting resin insulation in an arc-exposed atmosphere, at least the surface portion of a portion exposed to the arc of the resin insulator comprises a fluorinated resin including at least one type of inorganic powder of high thermal conductivity selected from boron nitride and beryllium oxide and pigment particles having an average particle diameter of less than or equal to 1 pm
    List of quotes
    Patent Literature [0005] PTL 1: JP-A-11-329 191 PTL 2: JP-A-2003-297 200 PTL 3: JP-B-1-45 690 Summary of the Invention
    Technical problem [0006] The circuit breaker according to PTL 1 has the following problem. A heated gas having hydrogen ions generated by its structural elements, including the blow slot, decomposing and evaporating due to the heat of the arc and the fluorine ions generated by the insulating gas, including fluorine, decomposed by the arc flows out of the arc chamber to the other air outlet chamber. As the temperature of the heated gas decreases, the hydrogen ions bind to the fluorine ions to form the hydrogen fluoride. Hydrogen fluoride is highly corrosive to an insulator and is adsorbed onto an insulator supporting a structure to which a high voltage is applied, causing its insulation to deteriorate.
    When the insulating gas includes oxygen, the circuit breaker has another problem which is the following. A heated gas comprising hydrogen ions generated by its structural elements, comprising the blowing slot, decomposing and evaporating due to the heat of the arc and the oxygen ions generated by the insulating gas, decomposed by the arc, flows out of the arc chamber to the other air outlet chamber. As the temperature of the heated gas decreases, the hydrogen ions bind to the oxygen ions to form water. The water reduces the insulating power of an insulating gas and is also adsorbed on an insulator supporting a structure to which a high voltage is applied, causing its insulation deterioration.
    In addition, the gas circuit breaker according to PTL 2 uses the polymer having a chemical composition that does not include oxygen as the insert which is heated by the gas heated by an arc to generate an evaporation gas. inside the heating chamber, so that the decomposition of the polymer by the arc is not effective. It is therefore difficult to adequately increase the pressure inside the pressure chamber. In addition, the PTL 3 gas circuit breaker uses PFA (tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer) which has no hydrogen atoms and has a carbon-oxygen bond only in a side chain as the fluororesin used for the part exposed to an arc, but, since the decomposition of the polymer having a carbon-oxygen bond only in a side chain by the arc is not effective, it is difficult to adequately increase the pressure in the arc. inside the chamber under pressure.
    Given the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a gas breaker which can suppress the deterioration of the insulation caused by a product resulting from an arc when the contact is open and has a higher circuit breaking capacity.
    Solution to the Problem [0010] A gas circuit breaker of the invention comprises: a pair of electrodes provided so as to be capable of coming into contact with each other and of separating one from the other ; and an insulating material which is positioned to generate a decomposition gas in response to a direct or indirect action from an arc occurring between the pair of electrodes when a current is cut, where the decomposition gas generated by the insulating material when the current is cut is configured to be used for arc extinguishing, and the insulating material is an ablative material which does not have hydrogen atoms but has a carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain or a cyclic portion.
    Advantageous Effects of the Invention [0011] According to the gas circuit breaker of the invention, since the ablative material which does not contain hydrogen atoms but has a carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain or a cyclic portion is used as an insulating material that generates a decomposition gas in response to action from the arc, the heat of the arc breaks the carbon-oxygen bond in the main chain or cyclic portion to be effectively decomposed and gasified, which can adequately increase the pressure inside the pressure chamber. In addition, the generation of a compound, such as hydrogen fluoride and water, which can cause deterioration of the insulation can be suppressed. Therefore, a gas circuit breaker, having a higher circuit breaking capacity with a suppression of the deterioration of the installed insulating elements, can be obtained.
    Other objects, features, aspects and effects of the present invention as described above are also apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention in connection with the accompanying drawings.
    Brief description of the drawings [0013]
    Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a gas circuit breaker according to a first embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view conceptually showing a main portion of an arc extinguisher of the gas circuit breaker in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing a main portion of an arc extinguisher of a gas breaker according to a second embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main portion conceptually showing a variant of the arc extinguisher of the gas circuit breaker according to the second embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a main portion conceptually showing another variant of the arc extinguisher of the gas circuit breaker according to the second embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a main portion conceptually showing yet another variant of the arc extinguisher of the gas circuit breaker according to the second embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 7 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the particle density generated by the decomposition of the sulfur hexafluoride gas used as the arc extinguishing gas.
    Description of Embodiments First Embodiment [0014] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a gas circuit breaker according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing a main portion of an arc extinguisher of the gas breaker shown in FIG. 1. Note that fig. 2 shows a situation in which an arc occurs between the tip portion of a moving electrode and the tip portion of a fixed electrode which are separated from each other during a circuit-breaking operation.
    In figs. 1 and 2, the gas circuit breaker comprises: a first conductor 1a extending from a first crossing 1; a second conductor 2a extending from a second bushing 2; a movable electrode 11 connected to the first conductor 1a; a fixed electrode 21 connected to the second conductor 2a; and an arc extinguisher 3 for extinguishing an arc appearing between the movable electrode 11 and the fixed electrode 21 when the current is turned off. The first conductor 1a, the second conductor 2a, the movable electrode 11, the fixed electrode 21, the arc extinguisher 3 and the like are surrounded in an airtight manner by a tank-type housing 4 to inside which an arc extinguishing gas is enclosed. A drive mechanism 5, intended to cause the movable electrode 11 to come into contact with the fixed electrode 21 and to separate from it, is installed outside the housing 4.
    The drive mechanism 5 for driving the movable electrode 11 comprises, for example, an actuator 51 driven by a spring mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism or the like, a link 52 and an insulating rod 53. The mobile electrode 11 is coupled to the link 52 via a control rod 54 and the rod 53 and is caused by the actuator 51 to move to open / close the contact in the left-right direction indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 2. In the portion in which the rod 53 is removed from the housing 4, a sliding portion 41 having, for example, an O-ring or the like is provided so that the rod 53 can slide while maintaining the seal at air.
    The arc extinguisher 3 is supported and isolated from the housing 4 by an insulating support 42. It is noted that for the arc extinguishing gas enclosed inside the housing 4, one of the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), carbon dioxide (CO2), trifluoromethane iodide (CF3I), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), methane tetrafluoride (CF4), argon (Ar) and helium (He) or a mixed gas of at least two thereof is used, for example.
    Then, the configuration of the arc extinguisher 3 is described with reference to FIG. 2. An arc chamber 31 of the arc extinguisher 3 is formed to surround the separated portions of the pair of electrodes 11, 21. This means that the arc chamber 31 is shaped to surround an arc appearing between the movable electrode 11 and the fixed electrode 21 when the current is cut. In addition, the arc extinguisher 3 comprises: a pressure chamber 32 provided in communication with an opening 21a positioned on the fixed electrode side 21 of the arc chamber 31 and maintaining the position relative to the fixed electrode 21, even when the contact is being opened / closed; a thermal insufflation unit 33 having a thermal insufflation chamber (thermal pressure chamber) 331 positioned to surround the arc chamber 31 in the circumferential direction of a control shaft 11c of the movable electrode 11; and a mechanical insufflation unit 34 provided around the movable electrode 11.
    The pressure chamber 32 is formed with a partition 321 which is larger than the opening 21a with its inner surface located opposite the opening 21a. The partition 321 has a plurality of outlets 321a which provide communication between the pressure chamber 32 and the internal space of the housing 4 outside the arc extinguisher 3. The thermal insufflation unit 33 comprises: an outer circumference wall 332 of the thermal insufflation chamber 331; a guide 334 having a fan opening 333 which provides communication in the radial direction of the arc chamber 31 between the arc chamber 31 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331; and a nozzle 335 which holds the guide 334.
    The mechanical blowing unit 34 comprises: a mechanical blowing cylinder 341 which maintains the position relative to the fixed electrode 21 on the moving electrode side 11 opposite the fixed electrode 21 ; an insufflation piston 342 which is inserted into the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 and driven in the same direction as the driving direction of the movable electrode 11 to slide on the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341; a mechanical insufflation chamber (mechanical pressure chamber) 343 comprising a space surrounded by the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 and the insufflation piston 342; a plurality of tubes 344 which provide communication between the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331; and a check valve 345 provided on the mechanical blowing cylinder side 341 of the tubes 344. The check valve 345 is provided to inhibit gas flow from the thermal blast chamber 331 to the chamber. mechanical insufflation 343 and to allow the flow of gas in the reverse direction.
    As shown in FIG. 2, the center line of the fixed electrode 21 corresponds to the control axis 11c of the moving electrode 11. The fixed electrode 21 comprises a contact tulip comprising a plurality of elastic contact fingers 21 f. The contact fingers 21f are arranged radially along the lateral surface of a truncated cone projecting towards the moving electrode side 11 with the control shaft 11c as its central axis, and divided into several pieces in the circumferential direction by a slot (not shown).
    Potential is given to the moving electrode 11 by the electrical connection of the mechanical blowing unit 34 to the first conductor shown in FIG. 1 and, further, by a conductor 12 which is slidable on the movable electrode 11. The movable electrode 11 and the fixed tulip-shaped electrode 21 form a pair of contacts. The fixed electrode 21 is electrically connected to the second conductor 2a shown in FIG. 1 and has the same potential as the second conductor 2a. The mechanical insufflation unit 34, the thermal insufflation unit 33 and the fixed electrode 21 are attached to a structure supporting the arc extinguisher 3 by a predetermined means (not shown). The movable electrode 11 is driven by the drive mechanism 5 to open / close the contact.
    The blowing piston 342 is attached to the control rod 54 connected to the moving electrode 11. In the first embodiment, when the control rod 54 is driven to the contact opening direction of the mobile electrode 11 (to the left in Fig. 2), the opening of the contact between the movable electrode 11 and the fixed electrode 21 and the displacement of the insufflation piston 342 in the direction of its exit from the cylinder of mechanical insufflation 341 are performed at the same time. When the insufflation piston 342 is moved in the direction of its exit from the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341, the volume inside the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 is reduced and the arc extinguishing gas in the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 is compressed, which increases the pressure. Note that when the contact is closed between the moving electrode 11 and the fixed electrode 21, the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 is in communication with the space inside the housing 4 and filled with extinguishing gas arc.
    The pressure chamber 32 is surrounded by a protective cover 322 and the partition 321, the protective cover 322 being shaped like the side surface of a cone and provided to prevent the heated gas from flowing into the pressure chamber 32 through the slots between the adjacent contact fingers 21 f, the pressure chamber 32 being in communication with the arc chamber 31 through the opening 21a surrounded by the tip portion of the fixed electrode 21. Also, the pressure chamber 32 is a cone-shaped space provided between the wall 321 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331 using the cone-shaped space formed by a recess on the inner circumference side of the chamber. For this reason, the inner surface of the partition 321 opposite the opening 21a is larger than the opening 21a. This configuration advantageously reduces the size of the arc extinguisher 3 in the longitudinal direction. An outlet 321a is provided in the partition 321 to discharge the heated gas accumulated in the pressure chamber 32 to the housing 4.
    The arc chamber 31 is an arcing space defined by the tip portion 211 of the contact fingers 21 f comprising the fixed electrode 21 and the tip portion of the movable electrode 11, surrounded by radially by the annular thermal insufflation chamber 331. The wall surface of the inner circumferential side of the thermal insufflation chamber 331 includes the nozzle 335 and the guide 334, the thermal insufflation chamber 331 having a cross-sectional shape. corner. The guide 334, positioned at the top of the wedge shape, has the plurality of radially supplied blowing apertures 333, providing communication between the arc chamber 31 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331. Also, the outer circumference of the chamber thermal insufflation device 331 includes the cylindrical outer circumference wall 332, the outer diameter of the outer circumferential wall 332 defining the largest diameter dimension of the arc extinguisher 3.
    In the first embodiment, the gas circuit breaker configured as above comprises an ablative material which does not contain hydrogen atoms but has a carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain or a cyclic portion as an insulating material which is positioned to generate a decomposition gas in response to a direct or indirect action from an arc occurring between the pair of electrodes 11, 21 when the current is turned off. When the power is turned off, the decomposition gas generated by the ablative material is used for arc quenching. More specifically, in order to increase the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331, the ablative material is used as insulating material for the construction of the guide 334 in the thermal insufflation chamber 331.
    The thermal insufflation chamber 331 is placed so as to be in communication with the arc chamber 31 which surrounds the separated portions of the pair of electrodes 11,21. When the thermal insufflation chamber 331 receives the heated gas due to an arc occurring when the current is cut off and the decomposition gas generated by the insulating material, the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331 increases. temporarily. In this example, the guide 334 having the fan opening 333 which provides communication between the thermal insufflation chamber 331 and the arc chamber 31 is constructed of the ablative material. However, the entire guide 334 need not be constructed of the ablative material. Only one portion of the guide 334 (eg, the surface portion) may also be covered with the ablative material. Also, the ablative material may be installed at any location in the portion providing communication between the arc chamber 31 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331 within the thermal insufflation chamber 331.
    As a specific example of the ablative material, at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of a perfluoroether-based polymer, a fluoroelastomer and a cyclized polymer of 4-vinyloxy-1-butene ( BVE) can be used.
    As a specific example of the perfluoroether-based polymer, compounds given by the general formulas (1), (1a), (1b) and the general formulas (2), (2a), (2b) below may to be mentioned, for example. As a specific example of the cyclized polymer of 4-vinyloxy-1-butene (BVE), compounds given by the general formulas (3) - (5) below may be mentioned, for example. However, the ablative material used in the invention is not limited to the above.
    An effect of using the ablative material described above as an insulating material for the construction of the guide 334 is described below. The ablative material has a carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain or a cyclic portion. Thus, the heat of an arc breaks the carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain or a cyclic portion, causing a major portion of the composition to be decomposed and gasified. The volume of the gasified gas increases significantly compared to the case where no carbon-oxygen bond exists and in case a carbon-oxygen bond exists only in a side chain. Especially, when an ablative material having a carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain is used, the bond is easier to break, thereby rapidly increasing the amount of gas generated by the decomposition, further facilitating extinguishing arc.
    Also, since the ablative material does not contain hydrogen atoms, it does not generate highly oxidizing hydrogen fluoride by the reaction with sulfur hexafluoride as an arc extinguishing gas. . It is noted that part of the ablative material is not decomposed but gasified by evaporation or sublimation. Thus, the heat decomposition of the arc is completely achieved, which allows to significantly increase the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331. In addition, when the ablative material is a resin based on fluorine, it is decomposed by the heat of the arc to generate many fluoride ions. Fluoride ions have a high electronegativity and, when the arc is cooled and extinguished, they bind rapidly with other ions, thus providing an effect of improving arc extinguishing capability.
    It is noted that, conventionally, in order to increase the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331, for example, an organic compound comprising hydrogen atoms, such as polyacetal (POM). , an acrylic resin (PMMA) and polyethylene (PE), has been used as a material that is easily decomposed or evaporated by the heat of an arc. When the guide 334 is constructed from the organic compound, hydrogen is generated by the heat decomposition of the arc. For example, when a gas including fluorine, such as SF6 gas, is used as the arc extinguishing gas, the generated hydrogen combines with the fluorine generated by the decomposition of the extinguishing gas. arc to generate hydrogen fluoride. This hydrogen fluoride is extremely corrosive and deteriorates an insulator for supporting arc extinguisher 3 or the like to reduce dielectric strength.
    On the other hand, when a fluorinated resin which does not comprise hydrogen atoms, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and the perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer (PFA), is used as an insulating material. for the construction of the guide 334, the hydrogen fluoride is not generated, which makes it possible to eliminate the deterioration of the insulation. However, since these materials have no carbon-oxygen bond in the composition or only a carbon-oxygen bond in a side chain, their decomposition by the heat of an arc is not fully realized, and the Increasing the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331 is less than that in the case of using POM or the like. In view of the above, the ablative material described above is suitable for an insulating material that generates a decomposition gas used for arc quenching.
    Then, an arc extinguishing operation appearing when the current is cut in the gas circuit breaker configured as above is described. First, a power failure operation is described. When a contact opening instruction is given to the gas circuit breaker with the contact closed, the actuator 51 is activated to drive the movable electrode 11 (to the left in Fig. 2), then the contact opens. between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 11, resulting in the appearance of an arc in the arc chamber 31. In the case of a relatively large current, such as a short-circuit current, a gas The heating produced by the arc flows into the thermal insufflation chamber 331 through the blower opening 333. This increases the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331. It is noted that the volume of the chamber Thermal insufflation 331 does not change. In addition, since the ablative material described above is used for the guide 334, a gas generated by the decomposition and evaporation of the ablative material due to the heat of the arc further increases the pressure at the same time. inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331.
    Also, together with the moving electrode 11, the blowing piston 342 slides on the mechanical blowing cylinder 341, compressing the arc extinguishing gas inside the mechanical blowing chamber 343. to increase the pressure. Since the alternating current repeats a maximum value and a zero value for each half-cycle, in the period during which the current decreases from the maximum value to the zero value, particularly close to the zero value, the Arc current becomes low, and the amount of heat generated also becomes low. Consequently, during this time, the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331 becomes greater than that inside the arc chamber 31, which causes the arc extinction gas to blowing on the arc from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 through the blower opening 333. In addition, when the pressure inside the mechanical blowing chamber 343 becomes greater than that inside the blast chamber 333. the thermal insufflation chamber 331, the non-return valve 345 opens and the arc extinguishing gas in the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 flows into the thermal insufflation chamber 331 through the tubes 344, which increases the flow of arcing arc gas blown over the arc from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 through the blower opening 333.
    In FIG. 2, the arc extinguishing gas blown on the arc from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 through the blower opening 333 is divided into two directions, one direction toward the fixed electrode 21 (to the right ) and the other direction to the movable electrode 11 (to the left), which provides a dividing effect of the arc. In addition, the heat-heated gas of the arc is effectively discharged outwardly through two passages to the right and to the left, i.e., from the opening on the side. left of the nozzle 335 and through the passage from the opening 21a through the pressure chamber 32 at the outlet 321a.
    In this way, the arc extinguishing gas is blown on the arc to effectively evacuate the heat between the electrodes to the outside, thus allowing the extinction of the arc, and at the same time the movable electrode 11 and the fixed electrode 21 are further separated from each other by a distance sufficient to resist the reignition voltage occurring between the electrodes in order to obtain the insulation overlap between the electrodes, thus completing the circuit break. Particularly, when the gas breaker is applied to a high voltage system, since the reignition voltage occurring just before the termination of the circuit break is high, the distance between the electrodes required for the insulation overlay becomes longer, but the efficient removal of heat between the electrodes outward as described above can shorten the necessary distance, thus reducing the size of the arc extinguisher 3 in the longitudinal direction.
    As described above, in the first embodiment, in the gas circuit breaker configured so that the decomposition gas is generated from the insulating material by an arc appearing when the current is cut and the decomposition gas is used for quenching the arc, the ablative material which does not have hydrogen atoms but has a carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain or a cyclic portion is used as the insulating material described above for the guide 334 of the thermal insufflation chamber 331. This can adequately increase the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331, providing a higher current breaking capacity of the gas circuit breaker. In addition, the generation of hydrogen compound, such as hydrogen fluoride and water, which can cause deterioration of the insulation can be suppressed, which eliminates the deterioration of installed insulators and improves the insulation. endurance and reliability, thus extending the life of the product.
    In addition, the control rod 54 is driven to open the contact between the pair of electrodes 11,21, and at the same time, compress the arc extinguishing gas inside the chamber mechanical inflation 343 by displacement of the insufflation piston 342, so that the structure of the drive mechanism 5 can be simplified, thereby reducing the size of the apparatus. In addition, the movable electrode 11 and the insufflation piston 342 are designed to be driven, which facilitates the weight reduction, providing an effect of reducing the actuating force of the actuator 51.
    Second Embodiment [0040] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a main portion of an arc extinguisher of a gas circuit breaker according to a second embodiment of the invention, showing a situation in which an arc (not shown) appears between the tip portion of a moving electrode and the tip portion of a fixed electrode which are separated from each other during the circuit-breaking operation. The general configuration of the gas circuit breaker of the second embodiment is almost similar to that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, so that FIG. 1 is also appropriately referenced in the description below. Note that throughout the drawings, the same elements or parts or elements or parts thereof are designated by the same reference numbers.
    In the second embodiment, the configuration of a fixed electrode 21 and a mobile electrode 11, and the configuration of a thermal insufflation unit 33, a mechanical insufflation unit 34 and a other analogues are designed to be different from those of the first embodiment. However, ablative material similar to that used in the first embodiment is used as an insulating material to generate a decomposition gas in response to direct or indirect action from an arc occurring between the pair of electrodes 11. When the current is off, providing an effect similar to that of the first embodiment.
    As shown in FIG. 3, an arc extinguisher 3 in the second embodiment comprises: an arc chamber 31 in which an arc appearing between the movable electrode 11 and the fixed electrode 21 is formed; a control rod 54 provided in communication with the movable electrode side 11 of the arc chamber 31 and maintaining the position relative to the movable electrode 11, even when the contact is being opened / closed; a mechanical inflation cylinder 341 coaxially disposed with the control rod 54 so as to surround the control rod 54 and attached to the control rod 54; an insufflation piston 342 which is inserted into the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 and slides on the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 when the contact is being opened / closed; and a mechanical insufflation chamber 343 comprising a space between the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 and the insufflation piston 342.
    In addition, the arc extinguisher 3 comprises: a thermal insufflation chamber 331, provided closer to the arc chamber 31 than the mechanical insufflation chamber 343, having a cylindrical shape coaxial with the rod control 54; a partition 35 located between the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331; a non-return valve 345 provided in the partition 35; a nozzle 335A forming a passage for guiding an arc extinguishing gas from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 to the arc chamber 31; and a guide 334 positioned to surround the movable electrode 11 to guide an arc extinguishing gas to the arc chamber 31 in conjunction with the nozzle 335A.
    In addition, at one end of the control rod 54 opposite the movable electrode 11, an opening 54a is provided in the side of the control rod 54, and a hydrogen adsorbent (not shown ) is placed so as to surround the opening 54a. When a small amount of hydrogen exists or is generated in the system, the hydrogen adsorbent adsorbs hydrogen to avoid the generation of a material having a negative influence, such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen, water and other analogues. As a hydrogen adsorbent, a well known hydrogen occlusion alloy, a carbon nanotube, activated carbon and the like can be used, for example. In addition, a cooling cylinder 22 is placed around the fixed electrode 21 and coaxially therewith.
    The mobile electrode 11 is, for example, a contact tulip comprising a plurality of resilient contact fingers 11 f. The contact fingers 11f are annularly arranged with a control shaft 11c as the central axis, and divided by a slot (not shown). Potential is given to the movable electrode 11 by the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 electrically and slidably connected to a first conductor 1a (Fig. 1). The movable electrode 11 and the fixed electrode 21 form a pair of contacts. The fixed electrode 21 is electrically connected to a second conductor 2a (FIG 1) and has the same potential as the second conductor 2a.
    The mechanical insufflation unit 34, the thermal insufflation unit 33 and the movable electrode 11 are attached to the cylindrical disengaged rod 54 and are driven by a drive mechanism 5 (FIG. through the control rod 54 to open / close the contact. An insufflation piston 342 is inserted into the cylindrical mechanical inflation cylinder 341 with the control rod 54 as a central axis. A mechanical insufflation chamber 343 is a space surrounded by the mechanical insufflation cylinder 341 and the insufflation piston 342. The insufflation piston 342 is attached to a structure supporting the arc extinguisher 3. When the movable electrode 11 is driven to the contact opening direction, the arc extinguishing gas inside the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 is compressed to increase the pressure.
    The thermal insufflation chamber 331 is placed adjacent to the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 with the partition 35 between them on the fixed electrode side 21. The thermal insufflation chamber 331 is a space surrounded by a cylindrical outer circumference wall 332 with the control rod 54 as the central axis. The partition 35 located between the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331 comprises a plurality of communication openings, each communication opening comprising the non-return valve 345 to prevent the extinguishing gas arc to flow from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 into the mechanical insufflation chamber 343.
    The nozzle 335A for blowing a gas under pressure including an arc extinguishing gas in the arc chamber 31 is provided in the direction from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 to the fixed electrode 21. Arc extinguishing gas is guided from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 to the arc chamber 31 through a gap between the nozzle 335A and the guide 334 which is positioned to surround the movable electrode 11.
    In addition, in FIG. 3, an ablative material similar to that used in the first embodiment, i.e., an insulating material which does not have hydrogen atoms but has a carbon-oxygen bond in a main chain or a cyclic portion is used for the nozzle 335A and the guide 334 provided at a position close to the arc chamber 31 in the part providing the communication between the arc chamber 31 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331. Note that the nozzle 335A and / or the guide 334 can / can be constructed / constructed of ablative material. Alternatively, at least a portion of the nozzle 335A or guide 334 (e.g., only the surface portion) may be constructed of ablative material.
    In the gas circuit-breaker configured as above, when a contact opening instruction is given by a control unit (not shown) and the actuator 51 (FIG 1) is driven, the electrode 11, the mechanical inflation cylinder 341, the outer circumference wall 332, the nozzle 335A and the guide 334 are moved integrally to the left in FIG. 3 by a link 52, a rod 53 and the control rod 54. This opens the contact between the fixed electrode 21 and the movable electrode 11, causing an arc to appear in the arc chamber 31, while reducing the volume of the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 to increase the arc extinguishing gas pressure inside the mechanical insufflation chamber 343. The gas resulting from the heat of the arc flows into the chamber. thermal insufflation 331 through the blower opening 333 to increase the pressure inside the thermal blast chamber 331. It is noted that the volume of the thermal blast chamber 331 does not change.
    In addition, since the ablative material described above is used for the nozzle 335A and the guide 334, the gas generated by the decomposition and evaporation of the ablative material due to the heat of the arc increases. in addition, the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331. It is noted that during the contact opening operation, even when the arc extinguishing gas pressure inside the the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 becomes temporarily weaker than the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331, the non-return valve 345 prevents the heated gas from flowing out of the insufflation chamber thermal 331 in the mechanical insufflation chamber 343, so that the pressure inside the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 increases as the control rod 54 moves.
    During the period during which the reduction of the arc current approaching the point of zero AC decreases the amount of heat generated, when the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331 becomes greater to that in the arc chamber 31, the arc extinguishing gas is blown over the arc from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 through the blowing opening 333. Moreover, when the pressure at inside the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 becomes greater than that in the thermal insufflation chamber 331, the non-return valve 345 opens and the arc extinguishing gas inside the chamber of Mechanical insufflation 343 flows into the thermal insufflation chamber 331, so that the flow of the arc extinguishing gas blown on the arc from the thermal insufflation chamber 331 through the blowing opening 333 is increased, causing the arc to be easily extinguished by the process almost similar to that of the first embodiment.
    As described above, also in the gas circuit breaker configured as shown in FIG. 3, an effect similar to that of the first embodiment can be obtained, i.e., the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331 can be increased to a sufficiently high level, which can provide improved circuit breaking power. In addition, the generation of hydrogen fluoride and water that can cause deterioration of the insulation can be suppressed, which eliminates the deterioration of installed insulators and improves endurance and reliability, thus prolonging the Product life.
    Note that the case comprising the thermal insufflation unit 33 has been described with reference to FIG. 3, but the invention is not limited thereto, and, for example, variants may be configured as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, which are described below one by one.
    In a variant shown in FIG. 4, the thermal insufflation unit 33 shown in FIG. 3 is not included, and the mechanical insufflation chamber 343 is in communication with the arc chamber 31 through a blowing aperture 333A formed of the nozzle 335A and a guide 334A. In this configuration, an effect similar to that of the example of FIG. 3 can be obtained, for example, by the construction of the guide 334A of ablative material. Note that in such a configuration, the location of the installation of the ablative material is not limited to the guide 334A, but the ablative material can be installed in a place where it is subjected to a direct or indirect action from a bow. For example, the surface of the nozzle 335A may be covered with the ablative material.
    On the other hand, in an additional variant shown in FIG. And yet another variant shown in FIG. 6, the thermal insufflation unit 33 similar to that of the example of FIG. 3 is included, but the ablative material 6 is not installed in the part providing the communication between the arc chamber 31 and the thermal insufflation chamber 331 nor inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331, but is installed at a location in which the ablative material 6 is exposed to an arc or heated gas due to the arc.
    The example shown in FIG. 5 is described. In this example, as shown in FIG. 5A, an ablative material 6 is installed on the guide 334 opposite the blower opening 333 and facing the moving electrode 11 and the arc chamber 31. In this configuration, an effect similar to the example of fig. 3 can be obtained, and furthermore, even when the ablative material 6 is a rubber-like elastic material, such as a fluorinated elastomer which is a resin-based material given by the general formulas (1) - (5), a similar effect can be obtained. In addition, an effect of increasing the insufflation pressure can be obtained without affecting the shape of the blower opening 333 which affects the circuit breaking power, such as the flow rate and blowing angle.
    FIG. 5B shows the guide 334 before fixing the ablative material 6 in the gas circuit breaker shown in FIG. 5A. At a position in the guide 334 facing the movable electrode 11 and the arc chamber 31, an ablative material attachment zone 334B (inner diameter: d) to which the annular ablative material 6 is to be attached is provided. Figs. 5C and 5D show the ablative material 6 to be attached to the guide 334. These will be fitted into the ablative material fixation area 334B. Fig. 5C shows the annular ablative material 6 with an external diameter of value D ^. FIG. 5D shows the annular ablative material 6 with an external diameter of value D2, having a plurality of fixing protuberances 6A provided on the outer edge.
    As shown, when the outer edge of the ablative material 6 has a circular or nearly circular shape and is constructed of a rubber-like elastic material, the outer diameter (D 1 D 2) is dimensioned so that D-ι (or D2)> d, where d is the inside diameter of the ablative material fixation zone 334B. The ablative material 6 which satisfies this condition is compressed and fixed in the ablative material binding area 334B and then immobilized by its elasticity. This simplifies the fastening mechanism and also facilitates manufacture.
    On the other hand, in the variant shown in FIG. 6, a block-shaped ablative material 6 is provided on the wall 35 forming the thermal insufflation chamber 331 near a reflux passage 36 from the control rod 54 to the thermal insufflation chamber 331. In this configuration, the arc-heated gas appearing in the arc chamber 31, when the current is turned off, flows through the reflux passage 36 into the thermal insufflation chamber 331, thereby decomposing by heat the ablative material 6 to increase the pressure inside the thermal insufflation chamber 331. This provides an effect similar to that of the example of FIG. 3, which can prevent deterioration of the insulation of the insulating structure due to hydrogen fluoride.
    Third Embodiment [0061] In the third embodiment, in the ablative material 6 given by the general formulas (1) - (5) described in the first embodiment, the sulfur (S) is included in a portion of the composition, for example, part of a main chain or part of a side chain. Alternatively, when the ablative material 6 given by the general formulas (1) - (5) is molded, the sulfur or a compound containing sulfur is added. The schematic configuration of the gas circuit breaker according to the third embodiment is almost similar to that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the location of the installation of the ablative material 6 is also similar to that of the first and second embodiments, therefore the description is omitted here.
    FIG. Figure 7 shows the temperature dependence of the particle density generated by decomposition of the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas used as the arc extinguishing gas. In fig. 7, the vertical axis indicates the particle density (m-3), and the horizontal axis indicates the temperature (K). With the ablative material 6 according to the third embodiment comprising fluorine, when the ablative material 6 is evaporated and decomposed by the heat of an arc, fluorine and sulfur are generated, these are combined into compounds, such as SF3, SF4 and SF5, during the cooling of the arc. These compounds are, as shown in FIG. 7, the same as the compounds having a high level of arc extinguishing capacity, generated by the decomposition of sulfur hexafluoride as arc extinguishing gas.
    According to the third embodiment, ablative material 6 similar to that used in the first embodiment with a part of the composition comprising sulfur or with sulfur or a compound comprising sulfur is used to provide a similar effect. to that of the first embodiment and an additional effect of improving the arc extinction capability. Especially, when a gas, such as carbon dioxide and air, not containing
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    A gas circuit breaker comprising: a pair of electrodes (11,21) provided to be capable of contacting each other and of separating from each other; and an insulating material which is positioned to generate a decomposition gas in response to a direct or indirect action from an arc occurring between the pair of electrodes when a current is cut, wherein the decomposition gas generated by the insulating material when the current is cut is configured to be used for quenching the arc, and wherein the insulating material is ablative material (6) which does not have hydrogen atoms but which has a bond carbon-oxygen in a main chain or a cyclic portion.
    [2]
    The gas circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the ablative material comprises at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of per fluoroether polymer and cyclized 4-vinyloxy-1-butene polymer. (BVE) which does not have hydrogen atoms.
    [3]
    Gas circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ablative material (6) contains sulfur as part of its composition.
    [4]
    Gas circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ablative material (6) contains sulfur or a compound containing sulfur.
    [5]
    The gas circuit breaker of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: an arc chamber (31) formed to surround the separated portions of the pair of electrodes (11,21); and an insufflation chamber (331) positioned to be in communication with the arc chamber (31), wherein, when the insufflation chamber (331) receives a heated gas due to the arc appearing when the current is cut off and the decomposition gas, the pressure inside the insufflation chamber (331) temporarily increases.
    [6]
    The gas circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein the ablative material (6) is installed in a portion providing communication between the arc chamber (31) and the insufflation chamber (331) or within the chamber. insufflation chamber (331).
    [7]
    The gas circuit breaker of claim 6, further comprising a nozzle member (335A) or a guide member (334) for blowing a pressurized gas including an arc extinguishing gas into the gas chamber. arc (31), at a position close to the arc chamber (31) in the part providing the communication between the arc chamber (31) and the insufflation chamber (331), wherein at least a part of the nozzle member (335A) or guide member (334) is constructed of ablative material (6).
    [8]
    Gas circuit-breaker according to claim 5, wherein the ablative material (6) is not installed in the part providing the communication between the arc chamber (31) and the insufflation chamber (331) nor at the inside the insufflation chamber (331), but is installed at a location in which the ablative material (6) is exposed to arc or heated gas due to the arc.
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    同族专利:
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    JPWO2013118348A1|2015-05-11|
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    JP5721866B2|2015-05-20|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP2012022678|2012-02-06|
    PCT/JP2012/076311|WO2013118348A1|2012-02-06|2012-10-11|Gas circuit breaker|
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