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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a rocker arm (40) comprising a balance shaft (41) and a serge (50). This serge is arranged around the balance shaft (41). It comprises several segments (40a, 40b, 40c) each having two ends angularly offset from one another about the balance axis, namely a fixed end (50a) fixed to a connection arm (51) which is radially connected to the balance shaft (41), and a free end (50b) which can be radially deformed. Each segment (40a, 40b, 40c) of the serge (50) has a first serge portion (54) which is made of a first material and which is connected to the connecting arm (51) and a second serge portion ( 55) which is contiguous to the first serge portion (54) and which is made of a second material having a linear expansion coefficient different from that of the first material. The first serge portion (54) and the second serge portion (55) are bonded together by means of a melt portion (53) where the respective first and second materials of the first serge portion (54) and the second part of serge (55) were melted. The invention also relates to a movement and a timepiece comprising such a rocker, as well as a manufacturing method thereof.
    公开号:CH707419B1
    申请号:CH02137/13
    申请日:2013-12-23
    公开日:2018-12-28
    发明作者:Nakajima Masahiro；Niwa Takashi；Kawauchiya Takuma
    申请人:Seiko Instr Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Background of the invention
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a pendulum, a timepiece movement having the balance, a timepiece and a method of manufacturing the pendulum.
    PRIOR ART [0002] A speed controller for a mechanical timepiece is generally configured to include a balance and a spiral spring. Such a balance includes a balance shaft and a serge fixed to the balance shaft. The balance is an element that oscillates by rotating cyclically forwards and backwards around a shaft of the balance shaft. In this case, it is important that a swing cycle of the balance is set to be in a predetermined control value. This is because the running of the mechanical timepiece (degree indicating whether the timepiece is fast or slow) varies if the oscillation cycle is beyond the control value. However, the oscillation cycle is likely to vary due to different causes and for example also varies due to a change in temperature.
    Here, the oscillation cycle T described above is expressed by the following equation 1:
    Equation 1
    In equation 1, I is the "moment of inertia of the balance" and K is the "spring constant of the spiral spring". Therefore, if the moment of inertia of the balance or the spring constant of the spiral spring varies, the oscillation cycle also varies.
    Here, a metal material used in the pendulum includes a material whose linear expansion coefficient is generally positive and which elongates due to an increase in temperature. As a result, the serge extends radially to increase the moment of inertia. In addition, since the Young's modulus of a steel which is generally used in the spiral spring has a negative thermal coefficient, the increase in temperature causes a decrease in the spring constant.
    As described above, in a case of increasing the temperature, the moment of inertia is increased accordingly and the spring coefficient of the spiral spring is decreased. Therefore, as evidently expressed above by equation 1, the pendulum swing cycle has the particularity that it is shorter at a low temperature and is longer at a high temperature. For this reason, as a thermal specificity of the timepiece, the timepiece is fast at low temperatures and slow at high temperatures.
    Therefore, as a measure to improve the thermal characteristics of the pendulum swing cycle, the following two methods are known.
    The first method is a method where the thermal coefficient of the Young's modulus close to an operating temperature range of the timepiece (for example, 23 ° C. ± 15 ° C.) is used to obtain positive characteristics by employing a constant elastic material such as the so-called Coelinvar as the material of the spiral spring. In this way, in the operating temperature range, it is possible to cancel the change in the moment of inertia of the balance according to the temperature, which makes it possible to reduce the influence of the temperature on the cycle of temperature. oscillation of the pendulum.
    As a second method, there is known a method of using a bimetal where metal plates made of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion are radially bonded together in one of multiple serge portions that make up the serge, while one end in a circumferential direction is intended to be a fixed end and the other end in the circumferential direction is intended to be a free end (refer to "The Theory of Horology" published by the Swiss Federation of Technical Colleges, English version, second edition, April 2003, pages 136 to 137).
    Outside of the bimetals, for example, the material of the radially inwardly positioned metal plate employs a low thermal expansion material such as invar and the plate material positioned radially towards the inside. the outside uses a high thermal expansion material such as brass. In this way, in the case of a temperature increase, the bimetals are deformed inwards in order to move the free end
    radially inward, due to a difference in thermal expansion coefficients. This makes it possible to reduce the mean diameter of a serge portion radially and makes it possible to reduce the moment of inertia. Therefore, it is possible to make the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia have a negative slope. As a result, it is possible to reduce the incidence of temperature on the pendulum swing cycle.
    However, in the first method described above, there is the possibility that by manufacturing the spiral spring using the constant elastic material such as Coelinvar, the thermal coefficient of the Young's modulus varies according to the composition during the process of the invention. melting and different processing conditions during the heat treatment process. Therefore, a strict manufacturing control method is required, which does not facilitate the production of the spiral spring. Consequently, in some cases, it is difficult to obtain that the thermal coefficient of the Young's modulus is positive near the operating temperature range of the timepiece.
    In addition, in the second method described above, as a general method for producing the serge, after brazing an annular metal element made of high expansion material around an outer periphery of a metal member which is radially inwardly positioned and makes the low expansion material using a solder, the serge is formed by a turning cutting process. As a result, the amount of the solder is not constant depending on the distance between the pieces, and there are significant variations in the moment of inertia when the serge is formed. In addition, a radial deviation between the pieces is likely to occur and the ratio between the plate thickness of the low thermal expansion portion and the plate thickness of the high thermal expansion portion is not constant. in several parts of serge when the serge is formed. Thus, there is a problem that a quantity of deformation of the free end to large variations as a function of the temperature change.
    In addition, as another method for producing the serge, a high annular expansion material having a lower melting point than a low expansion material is arranged outside the low expansion material. terminated to have a predetermined outer diameter, the high expansion material is bonded to the low expansion material by heating these materials to a temperature causing melting of the high expansion material only and then the serge is formed by the cutting process by turning. In this method, since the solder is not interposed between the low expansion material and the high expansion material, it is not possible that the moment of inertia can have wide variations. However, when forming the serge, of inner or outer diameter processing the low expansion material and outer diameter processing the high expansion material are separate processes from each other. Therefore, it is difficult to keep a constant proportion of plate pressures of respective materials, which creates the problem that the amount of deformation of the free end to wide variations due to the change in temperature.
    Furthermore, in both manufacturing methods, it is necessary to heat the solder or the high expansion material to a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher for example, leaving in this way a large residual voltage due to a difference in the coefficient of linear expansion of the materials during the cooling process. In addition, since it is necessary to perform a treatment after gluing, a treatment voltage is left on the serge. Therefore, deformation is likely to occur during formation of the free end to a portion of the serge, and deformation due to a time-related change is likely to occur, creating a problem that is a pendulum of the moment of inertia tends to deteriorate. As described above, there is the problem that a target value of the moment of inertia that has been set in the design is largely not achieved, and furthermore, the rotational equilibrium deteriorates due to the temperature change. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the moment of inertia for the overall pendulum or to adjust the strain volume for the respective serges with respect to the temperature. In practice, it is necessary to perform a work of attaching a plurality of balance screws to the serge portion and adjusting the mounting position of the balance screws or the amount of screwing. For example, even if the temperature increases, if the timepiece is slow, a process of correction of the moment of inertia is performed by performing the work such as a change to transfer the balance screws to the side of free end.
    As described above, since the fine adjustment work using the balance screws is required in practice, the thermal correction requires work and time, resulting in poor maneuverability. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0016] The present invention is made for such circumstances, and an object of this invention is to provide a balance that does not require readjustment, does not reduce rotational balance and rotational performance , and which can easily and accurately perform a thermal correction; as well as a timepiece movement including it; a timepiece; and a method of manufacturing the balance.
    The present invention provides the following means for solving the above problems.
    [0018] (1) A rocker according to the present invention comprises a rocker shaft which is rotatably and rotatably supported, and a serge which is arranged around the balance shaft and which comprises several segments each having two ends angularly offset from one another about the balance axis, namely a fixed end attached to a connecting arm which is radially connected to the balance shaft, and a free end which can be deformed from radial way. In this balance, each segment of the serge comprises a first part of serge which is made of a first material and which is connected to the connecting arm, and a second part of serge which is contiguous to the first part of serge and which is made of a second material having a coefficient of linear expansion different from that of the first material. In this balance, the first serge portion and the second serge portion are bonded together by means of a melting portion where the first and second respective materials of the first serge portion and the second serge portion have been melted.
    According to the pendulum of the present invention, if the temperature is changed, there is a difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the first part of serge and the second part of serge. The first serge portion and the second serge portion are prevented mutually from moving relative to each other due to the melt portion, which allows the free end of the serge to move from one to the other. radially inward or outward. As a result, it is possible to change the distance from the free end of the serge to the axis and it is therefore possible to change the moment of inertia of the balance itself. Therefore, it is possible to change the slope of the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia and it is possible to reduce the thermal dependence of a swing cycle of the balance. As a result, it is possible to provide a high quality balance with which it is unlikely that walking is likely to vary, influenced by a change in temperature. On the other hand, the first serge portion and the second serge portion are bonded together by means of the melting portion in which their respective materials are melted. Therefore, it is possible to configure the serge without changing the moment of inertia which is calculated based on the dimensions of the shapes and the densities of the materials in the first edge and the second edge. So, it is no longer necessary to reduce a deviation in the moment of inertia and readjust the rhythm.
    (2) In the balance according to the present invention, the melting portion may be a portion where the first serge portion and the second serge portion were fused together by laser welding.
    In this case, the balance is less deformed because of the heat during the binding action and less affected by a residual voltage, which allows the balance to be a high-quality balance that has no change affecting its moment of inertia due to the time-related binding or modification operation.
    (3) In the rocker according to the present invention, the melting portion can be formed continuously in a circumferential direction, at a contact surface between the first serge portion and the second serge portion.
    In this case, the interval between the first part of serge and the second part of serge and their relative movement can be restricted as much as possible, and it is possible to maximize the amount of deformation of the end. free depending on the temperature.
    (4) In the pendulum according to the present invention, there may be a contact surface between the first part of serge and the second part of serge. This contact surface may have a length along the first and second serge portions, as well as two end portions angularly offset from one another about the balance axis. The melting portion may be formed at the contact surface by laser welding in a direction parallel to the contact surface.
    In this case, the connection between the first part of serge and the second part of serge which are linked is easily and visually controlled and there is no poor quality of connection resulting in a deviation in a position of irradiation of the laser. Therefore, it is possible to perform an extremely reliable thermal correction of the moment of inertia.
    (5) In the balance according to the present invention, the melting portion may be formed at a contact surface between the first serge portion and the second serge portion, by laser welding in a direction substantially perpendicular to the contact surface.
    In this case, it is possible to form the serge with minimum connection places, which makes it possible that the balance is of high quality.
    [0028] (6) A timepiece movement according to the present invention includes a barrel wheel which has a source of energy; a gear train that transmits a rotational force of the barrel wheel; and an escapement mechanism that controls the rotation of the gear train. The escape mechanism includes a rocker according to the present invention.
    According to the timepiece movement of the present invention, as defined above, there is provided a balance with which the thermal dependence of the oscillation cycle is reduced and it is unlikely that walking is likely to vary under the effect of a change of temperature. Therefore, it is possible to provide a high quality timepiece movement, operating with a small error.
    [0030] (7) A timepiece according to the present invention includes a timepiece movement according to the present invention.
    According to the timepiece of the present invention, there is provided a timepiece movement in which it is unlikely that the march is likely to vary under the effect of a change in temperature. Therefore, it is possible to offer a timepiece of high quality, operating with a small error.
    (8) A method of manufacturing the beam according to the present invention comprising a step of producing an individual serge shape, in which forms of a diametrically internal side and a diametrically outer side of a first serge portion and shapes on a diametrically inner side and a diametrically outer side of a second serge portion are formed, and a bonding step by forming a melt portion, wherein the diametrically outer side of the first serge portion and the diametrically inner side of the second serge portion are contacted with each other to form a contact surface and the materials of the first serge portion and the second serge portion. are melted together at the contact surface.
    According to the method of manufacture of the beam according to the present invention, it is possible to remove an involuntary deformation of the free end after the two portions of serge have been bonded together. In addition, it is possible to effectively reduce the residual voltage following the cooling process after the two socks have been bonded together.
    According to the present invention, in the balance where the thermal correction is performed using the coefficient of linear expansion, it is possible to easily and accurately perform a thermal correction work without readjusting the step and without degrading the rotational balance and rotational performance.
    Brief description of the drawings [0035]
    Fig. 1 represents a first embodiment and is a diagram of the constitution of a movement of a mechanical timepiece.
    Fig. 2 is a top view of a balance equipping the movement shown in FIG. 1.
    Fig. 3 is a sectional view along the line A-A shown in FIG. 2.
    Fig. 4 illustrates a state in which the balance shown in FIG. 2 is deformed.
    Fig. 5 illustrates another example of connection of the beam shown in FIG. 2.
    Fig. 6 illustrates yet another example of connection of the balance shown in FIG. 2.
    Fig. 7 illustrates the ratio between the separation interval of the holding parts (melting parts) and the amount of the deformation shown in FIG. 2.
    Figs. 8A and 8B illustrate a method of adjusting the amount of correction on the moment of inertia of the balance shown in FIG. 2.
    Fig. 9 illustrates thermal characteristics of the rate with the balance shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0036] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
    As illustrated in FIG. 1, a mechanical timepiece 1 according to the present embodiment is a watch, for example, and comprises a movement (timepiece movement) 10 and a housing (not shown) which accommodates the movement 10.
    Movement Constitution [0038] Motion 10 has a main platen 11 forming a base. A dial (not shown) is disposed on a rear side of the main deck 11. A gear incorporated on the front side of the movement 10 is called a front wheel and a gear incorporated on the rear side of the movement 10 is called a rear wheel.
    A winding stem guide hole 11a is formed in the main plate 11 and a winding stem 12 is rotatably inserted therein. The winding stem 12 has a position determined axially by a switching device having an adjusting lever 13, a rocker 14, a rocker spring 15 and a jumper lever setting 16. In addition, a winding pinion 17 is rotatably disposed in a guide shaft of the winding stem 12.
    In such a configuration, if the winding stem 12 is rotated when the winding stem 12 is located in a first position (zero step) which is the position closer to an inner side of the movement 10 along a shaft direction, the winding pinion 17 is rotated by the rotation of a sliding pinion (not shown). Then, if the winding pinion 17 is rotated, a ring gear 20 meshing with it is rotated. Then, if the ring gear 20 is rotated, a ratchet wheel 21 meshing with it is rotated. In addition, if the ratchet wheel 21 is rotated, a main spring (energy source, not shown) housed in a barrel wheel 22 is cocked.
    The front wheel of the movement 10 is configured to include not only the barrel wheel 22 but also a center mobile 25, a third mobile 26 and a second mobile 27, and it performs a function of transmitting the rotational force of the barrel wheel 22. In addition, an escapement mechanism 30 and a speed control mechanism 31, each of which controls the rotation of the front wheel, is arranged on the front side of the movement 10.
    The center mobile 25 meshes with the barrel wheel 22. The third mobile 26 meshes with the center mobile 25. The second mobile 27 meshes with the third mobile 26.
    The exhaust mechanism 30 controls the rotation of the front wheel as described above and includes an escape wheel 35 meshing with the second mobile 27 and an anchor 36 which causes the escape wheel 35 to escape for that it turns regularly.
    The speed control mechanism 31 controls the speed of the exhaust mechanism 30 and as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, includes a balance 40.
    The balance wheel 40 of the speed control mechanism 31 includes a rocker shaft 41 which is rotatably and rotatably supported around an axis line O and a rocker wheel 42 fixed to the axis. The pendulum 40 rotates forwards and backwards about the axis line O, according to a constant oscillation cycle, by using a potential energy stored in a spiral spring 43 by the energy transmitted. from the exhaust mechanism 30.
    In the present embodiment, a direction orthogonal to the axis line O is called a radial direction and a direction rotating about the axis line O is called a circumferential direction.
    The rocker shaft 41 is a shaft body which extends vertically along the axis line O and an upper part and a lower part are supported pivotably by an element such as a main stage or a pendulum bridge (none are shown). A substantially intermediate portion of the balance shaft 41 in the vertical direction is a wide diameter portion 41a having the largest diameter. Then, the rocker wheel 42 is fixed to the balance shaft 41 by the wide-diameter portion 41a.
    A double cylindrical plate 45 is mounted externally and coaxially with the axis line O on a portion positioned under the wide-diameter portion 41a in the balance shaft 41. The double plate 45 has an edge portion annulus 45a extending radially outwardly and a pin 46 for the oscillation of the anchor 36 is attached to the edge portion 45a.
    For example, the spiral spring 43 is a flat hairspring which is wound in a spiral shape, in a plane, and its inner end is fixed to a portion positioned above the wide diameter portion 41a in the balance axis 41 by a collar 44. Then, the spiral spring 43 plays a role of storing the energy transmitted to the escapement wheel 35 from the second mobile 27 and oscillating the balance wheel 42.
    As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the balance wheel 42 includes a substantially annular serge 50 which surrounds the balance shaft 41 from the outside in the radial direction, as well as a connecting arm 51 which connects the serge 50 and the balance 41 in the radial direction.
    [0051] The serge 50 is a belt-shaped piece which extends in an arc-shaped (one-third of a circle) along the circumferential direction, and is arranged equally in a rotational symmetry around In addition, the serge 50 is formed of a first serge portion 54 which is radially disposed therein and a second serge portion 55 which is disposed radially outwardly. along the first part of serge 54.
    Connection arms 51 are arranged with, between them, an interval of 120 ° around the axis line O. Then, with regard to the connection arm 51, its base is connected to the wide diameter portion. 41a of the balance shaft 41 and its tip side extends radially outwards towards the serge 50.
    Then, at a fixed end 50a of the serge 50, the first serge portion 54 and the tip side of the connecting arm 51 are connected to each other. In this way, the serge 50 is supported by the balance shaft 41 via the connecting arm 51.
    [0054] Another end of the serge 50 in the circumferential direction is a free end 50b which is deformable in the radial direction, and a weight 52 is attached to a tip side of the free end 50b.
    The weight 52 is attached to increase the amount of change of the moment of inertia caused by a change in temperature. The weight 52 can be omitted if the thermal correction is carried out simply by the amount of change of the moment of inertia caused by the deformation of the free end 50b.
    The first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 of the serge 50 are prevented from moving relative to one another near a melt portion 53 by a plurality of spaced apart melt portions 53. from each other by a predetermined separation interval.
    The melting portions 53 are formed in a direction parallel to a contact surface between the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55, i.e. on upper and lower surfaces of the serge. 50, by laser welding for example, and prevent the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 from being separated from each other and slidably displaced.
    As a method of forming the melting parts 53, in addition to the laser welding, there is a fusion welding method without the addition of a filler material, such as resistance welding and beam welding. electron.
    The first serge portion 54 is configured to be of a material having a linear expansion coefficient different from the second serge portion 55.
    In the description of the present embodiment, the first serge portion 54 is formed of a low thermal expansion material such as the invar and the second serge portion 55 is formed of a high thermal expansion material. such as stainless steel, which has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the first serge portion 54. Therefore, if the ambient temperature increases, as shown in FIG. 4, the second serge portion 55 is expanded more substantially in the circumferential direction than the first serge portion 54. This moves the free end 50b of the serge 50 radially inwardly. As a result, the weight 52 attached to the tip of the free end 50b also moves radially inwardly (refer to the dashed line in Fig. 4).
    In the description, the spiral spring 43 of the present embodiment is formed of a common steel material having a negative thermal coefficient in which the Young's modulus decreases as the temperature increases.
    In addition, as the material of the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55, the material described above is not limited, but various materials can be used appropriately and selectively. In this case, it is better to select both materials in order to have a big difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion, as far as possible.
    Now, the manner of making the balance wheel according to the present embodiment will be described.
    First, the first annular serge portion 54 including the connection arm 51 formed of the low expansion material and the second annular serge portion 55 formed of the high expansion material are prepared. Here, the outer diameter and inner diameter of the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55, respectively, are treated with the same method as each other (individual serge shape treatment step ). Then, after the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 are combined with each other, the melting portion 53 is formed at a connecting portion and the first serge portion 54 and the second part of serge 55 are linked together (linking step). In addition, a border of the serge 50 is cut to form the free end 50b. After the treatment of the first portion of serge 54 and the second part of serge 55, it is preferable to perform a heat treatment to remove the residual voltage that is specific to each material, if necessary.
    In this way, after the treatment of the outer shapes is completed for the diametrically inner side and the diametrically outer side of the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55, respectively, the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 are bonded together using the melting portion 53. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a degree of freedom that can adjust each internal residual tension of the first serge portion 54 and the second portion of serge 55 before binding (for example, using the heat treatment described above). Therefore, it is possible to prevent the free end from inadvertently deforming after the binding of two serges. In addition, since the bonding of the two serges is performed only by localized heating to form the melting portion 53, it is possible to effectively reduce the residual voltage occurring during the cooling process. Therefore, deformation of the free end after the bimetallic balance is formed and time-related deformation are suppressed, thereby allowing the balance wheel balance to be stably assured.
    Since the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 50 of the serge 50 have a plurality of spacing portions (melt portions) 53 spaced apart with a constant interval a, each relative movement is restricted near the holding portions (FIG. melting parts) 53. In fig. 2, in the belt pieces in which the serge 50 is divided along the circumferential direction, the gaps between the retaining portions (melt portions) 53 in each of the belt-like pieces (first arcuate segment 40a, second arcuate segment 40b and third arcuate segment 40c) are called the interval a, the interval b and the interval c. In the following description, a case will be described where the plurality of retaining portions (melt portions) 53 are arranged spaced apart with the gap a in all belt-shaped pieces (i.e. interval a, the interval b and the interval c are all the same).
    The retaining portions (melting parts) 53 are formed by spot welding, resistance or laser welding for example, and prevent the first portion of serge 54 and the second portion of serge 55 from separating the from each other and sliding relative to one another.
    The first serge portion 54 is configured to be of a material having a linear expansion coefficient different from the material of the second serge portion 55.
    In addition, in the present embodiment, the retaining portions (melting portions) 53 are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the serge 50, but without being limited thereto, may be formed in a intermediate position between the upper surface and the lower surface of the serge 50. In this case, it is possible to form the retaining portions (melting portions) 53 by irradiating laser beams on an outer peripheral side surface of the serge 50 for example and by joining and welding the first part of serge 54 with the second part of serge 55. Method of thermal correction of the moment of inertia Now, a method of thermal correction of the moment of inertia using the balance 40 will be described.
    According to the balance 40 of the present embodiment, if the temperature change occurs, it is possible to cause the free end 50b to move in the radial direction since the second portion of serge 55 extends and shrinks more than the first serge portion 54. In other words, as illustrated in FIG. 4, as the temperature increases, the expansion of the second serge portion 55 causes the free end 50b to move radially inwardly. On the other hand, when the temperature drops, the free end 50b can be made to move radially outwardly.
    Therefore, it is possible to change the moment of inertia of the balance 40 itself in such a way that the position of the weight 52 attached to the tip of the free end 50b is shifted radially towards the end. inside or outside, and a distance between the axis line O and the weight 52 is changed. In other words, when the temperature increases, the moment of inertia is defined by moving the position of the weight 52 radially inwards, and when the temperature drops, the moment of inertia is increased by moving the position weight 52 radially outwardly. In this way, it is possible to modify the fall of the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia to a negative fall. Therefore, it is possible to perform the thermal correction of the moment of inertia.
    Moreover, according to the rocker 40 of the present embodiment, the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 are configured to have a size and a shape that are calculated to correspond to a moment of inertia predetermined by matching the spring constant of the spiral spring 43 before bonding. Since the melting portion 53 is bonded by fusing the materials of the first serge portion 54 and serge second portion 55 themselves, there is no increase or decrease in weight which is caused by the binding, unlike a binding case using a solder as in the prior art. In other words, even if the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 are bonded together by means of the melt portion 53, the moment of inertia of the balance wheel 42 is not changed and it is possible to obtain the predetermined moment of inertia which has been calculated in advance. Moreover, unlike the method of the prior art, there is no need to perform a machining process after the connection. As a result, the ratio between the plate thickness of the first serge portion 54 and the plate thickness of the second serge portion 55 is not changed, and therefore there is no change in the amount deformation with respect to the temperature change in a plurality of serges 50. Therefore, since the plurality of serges 50 is deformed equally due to the change in temperature, the rotational balance is not degraded. In addition, before bonding the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 together, it is possible to perform the heat treatment correctly to suppress the residual voltage. Since localized heating is performed during bonding, there is no deformation in free end formation 50b. Since the time-related change does not occur while the free end 50b is in use, there is no possibility for the balance of the moment of inertia to be degraded.
    In addition, according to the rocker 40 of the present embodiment, in the melting portion 53, the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 are fused and bonded together by the laser welding. Since laser welding allows localized heating and welding, the heat distortion of the peripheral portion or the residual voltage due to the bonding operation is minimized. Therefore, there is no disadvantage that the accuracy of the oscillation cycle is degraded due to a change in the moment of inertia caused by the deformation during the bonding operation or because of the shape that the residual voltage changes with time. Binding Method Using Laser Welding [0076] Now, a method of bonding between the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 using laser welding during the formation of the beam described above is going to be described.
    As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the serge 50, the first serge portion 54 is radially positioned on the inside, the second serge portion 55 is radially outwardly positioned, and its boundary is exposed to the upper surface. and at the bottom surface in a direction of the axis line. Here, a portion of the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 is heated and fused to form and bond the melting portion 53 by irradiating laser beams at the bond from the upper surface and the lower surface into the direction of the axis line. The rocker wheel 42 is configured by the formation of melting portions 53 with a predetermined separation interval. Here, the irradiation position of the laser beam can be positioned during the observation by a camera and it is therefore possible to precisely direct the laser beam at the boundary between the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55. Therefore, the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 can be reliably bonded together, thereby providing a very reliable pendulum.
    In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the melting portions 53 can be formed continuously in the circumferential direction, without a separation interval. If the irradiation position is displaced as to overlap the melting portions 53 by irradiating the laser beam intermittently or continuously, the melting portions 53 may be formed using a spot welding. In this case, it is possible to restrict the interval or the relative movement between the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 to the maximum, and it is therefore possible to maximize the amount of deformation of the free end 50b. which is caused by the temperature.
    In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the melting portions 53 may be formed at the contact surface using the laser welding in a direction substantially perpendicular to the contact area between the first serge portion and the second serge portion. Here, the melting portions 53 are formed to be bonded together on the contact surface using a superposition weld, wherein the laser beam is irradiated from a side surface of the balance wheel 42 in the circumferential direction to merge the first serge portion 54 through the second serge portion 55. In this case, since the first serge portion 54 and the second serge portion 55 may be retained by a minimum number of melt portions 53, it is possible to easily obtain a balance with a high precision. The forms of contacts illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6 can be combined in various ways.
    In the description of the present embodiment, the spiral spring 43 is made of common steel having a negative thermal coefficient whose Young's modulus decreases when the temperature increases, the first portion of serge 54 is formed of the material of low thermal expansion, and the second serge portion 55 is formed of the high thermal expansion material, which has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the first serge portion 54. However, the first serge portion 54 may be formed of the high thermal expansion material by using a constant elastic material such as Coelinvar for the spiral spring 43, and the second serge portion 55 may be formed of the material having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the first In this case, the free end 50b of the serge 50 can be deformed radially inwards when the temperature increases. , and may be deformed radially outwardly as the temperature drops. Therefore, it is possible to perform the thermal correction of the moment of inertia to match the spiral spring 43 in which the thermal coefficient of the Young's modulus is positive.
    As described above, with the balance 40 of the present embodiment, it is possible to accurately perform the thermal correction that does not need to change the moment of inertia during the formation of the wheel of balance 42 and which does not degrade the rotational balance due to the change in temperature. Therefore, unlike a case of using a balance screw in the prior art, it is not necessary to readjust the march of the rotational balance.
    Furthermore, with the rocker 40 of the present embodiment, the retaining portions (melting parts) 53 are arranged with the predetermined separation interval a, and as shown in FIG. 7, the amount of movement of the free end 50b of the edge 50 due to the temperature change is changed according to the size of the separation gap a. In other words, if the separation interval a is increased, the momentum of the free end 50b is decreased, and if the separation interval a is decreased, the momentum of the free end 50b is increased. In other words, it is possible to change the slope of the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia according to the size of the separation interval a. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the amount of thermal correction of the moment of inertia by determining the separation interval a to have the fall of the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia required in advance.
    In addition, with the rocker 40 of the present embodiment, the separation gap has holding portions (melting portions) 53 of the serge 50 is set to match the rate of change of the spring constant. spiral spring 43 due to the temperature to be combined with this. In other words, if the rate of change due to the temperature of the spring constant of the spiral spring 43 and the relationship between the separation gap has holding portions (melting portions) 53 of the serge 50 and the amount of movement of the free end 50b of the serge 50 is included in advance, it is possible to adjust the fall of the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia to match the spiral spring 43 to be combined with this. Therefore, it is possible to perform a more precise thermal correction. Method of Adjusting the Moment of Inertia Thermal Correction Amount [0084] Now, a method of adjusting the amount of thermal correction of the moment of inertia that uses the pendulum described above will be described.
    The spiral spring 43 has variations affecting the thermal characteristics of the spring constant due to variations in shape and size or variations in the thermal characteristics of the Young's modulus. Therefore, when attempting to perform the thermal correction with high accuracy, it is necessary to carefully adjust the fall of the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia of the balance 40 by matching the variations in the thermal characteristics of the constant of spring of the spiral spring 43.
    As described above, with the rocker 40 of the present embodiment, it is possible to change the amount of movement of the free end 50b of the serge 50 which is caused by the temperature change according to the size of the the separation interval a of the retaining portions (melting portions) 53 of the serge 50. Therefore, it is possible to more carefully adjust the amount of correction of the moment of inertia of the balance 40 by adjusting the interval of separation a after combining the spiral spring 43 with the balance 40.
    Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the separation interval a of the retaining portions (melting parts) 53 is made to have a pre-determined interval in advance so that the amount of thermal correction of the moment of inertia of the balance 40 is slightly smaller than the amount of correction needed. After combining the spiral spring 43 with the rocker 40, the step according to the temperature is measured. Since the amount of thermal correction of the moment of inertia is set to be small as described above, the gait with respect to the temperature is slightly fast at the low temperature and is slightly slow at the high temperature (refer to CO in Fig. 9). Here, as illustrated in FIG. 8A, if an additional retaining portion (melting portion) 53a is added to the intermediate position of the adjacent retaining portion (melting portion) 53 near a free end 50b of the serge 50, the fall of the thermal characteristics of the step becomes smaller (refer to C1 in Fig. 7). As shown in fig. 8B, if an additional retaining portion (melting portion) 53b is added to the intermediate position of the adjacent retaining portion (melting portion) 53 near a fixed end 50a of the serge 50, the fall of the thermal characteristics of walking becomes much smaller (refer to C2 in Fig. 7). In this way, the holding portion (melting portion) is added continuously so that the thermal characteristics of the step finally become flat as illustrated by C3 in FIG. 7.
    As described above, if the retaining portion (melting portion) 53 to be added is positioned near the fixed end 50a of the serge 50, the momentum of the free end 50b is increased more widely, and if it is positioned near the free end 50b of the serge 50, the momentum of the free end 50b is decreased. As a result, it is possible to carefully and fully adjust the amount of thermal correction of the moment of inertia, and it is therefore possible to set an optimum step in the field of operation of the timepiece.
    In the above description, it has been described the case where, among three arcuate and belt-shaped parts in which the serge 50 is divided along the circumferential direction (first arched segment 40a, second arcuate segment 40b and third arcuate segment 40c), all parts have the holding portions (melting portions) 53 which are formed with the separation gap a. However, the separation gap of the holding portions (melting portions) 53 may be different for each of the belt-like pieces. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the first arcuate segment 40a has retaining portions (melting portions) 53 formed with the separation gap a, the second arcuate segment 40b has retaining portions (melting portions) 53 formed with a separation gap b and further the third arcuate segment 40c has holding portions (melting portions) 53 formed with a separation gap c as described above. It is possible to suppress the variations in the belt-shaped parts in the deformation volume of the free end by individually adjusting the respective intervals a, b, etc. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the degradation of the rotational equilibrium due to variations in the deformation volume.
    In the above description, the case where the serge 50 is divided in three along the circumferential direction has been described, but the number of divisions may be a natural number equal to or greater than two. In other words, if the number of divisions allows the free end of the respective arcuate segments to be deformed due to the thermal change, any number can be acceptable. In this case, it is preferable that the respective arcuate segments are arranged equally in the rotational symmetry about the O-axis line.
    In particular, unlike a case of using the balance screw in the prior art, it is possible to accurately perform the thermal correction by easy work of simply adding the retaining part ( melting portion) 53 of the serge 50, thereby facilitating the adjustment work.
    In addition, even if the retaining portion (melting portion) 53 is added to adjust the amount of thermal correction of the moment of inertia, the moment of inertia itself is not changed and the center of gravity of the balance 40 is also not changed. So, it is highly unlikely that the rotational equilibrium will continue to degrade. Therefore, unlike the case of using the balance screw in the prior art, it is not necessary to readjust the gait or rotational balance.
    In addition, in the movement 10 of the present embodiment, the rocker 40 is provided in which the thermal dependence of the oscillation cycle is reduced and it is less likely that the step influenced by the thermal change is likely to vary. . So, it is possible to propose a high quality movement that works with few errors.
    In addition, in the mechanical timepiece 1 of the present embodiment, movement 10 is provided in which it is unlikely that the step influenced by the thermal change is likely to vary. So, it is possible to offer a high quality timepiece running with few errors.
    In addition, in a method of the prior art, even using the bimetal, it is necessary to carefully adjust the amount of deformation as a function of temperature or to carefully adjust the overall equilibrium. In practice, it is necessary to perform the work to attach a plurality of balance screws to the edge portion and adjust the attachment position of the balance screws or the tightening intensity. For example, even if the temperature rises, if the timepiece is slow, the process of correction of the moment of inertia is achieved by performing a job as the shift work to transfer the balance screws to the end side free.
    As described above, since the fine adjustment work using balance screws is required in practice, thermal correction requires work and time, resulting in poor maneuverability. Moreover, if the amount of screwing of each balance screw is changed in a case of readjustment, the global moment of inertia is changed to cause the oscillation cycle of the balance, that is to say, the walking of the timepiece, to change. As a result, it is necessary to readjust the gait, which resulted in heavy work.
    In addition, in some cases, the balance screw is not arranged with a good balance in the circumferential direction, which causes the balance of the pendulum balance to be degraded.
    The rocker according to the present invention comprises a rocker shaft which is rotatably and rotatably supported, and a serge which is arranged around the balance shaft and which comprises a plurality of segments each having two angularly offset ends. one of the other around the balance axis, namely a fixed end attached to a connecting arm which is radially connected to the balance shaft, and a free end which can be deformed radially. In this balance, each segment of the serge comprises a first part of serge which is made of a first material and which is connected to the connecting arm, and a second part of serge which is contiguous to the first part of serge and which is made of a second material having a coefficient of linear expansion different from that of the first material. The first serge portion and the second serge portion are restricted relative to one another using the plurality of retaining portions (melt portions), which are separated from each other.
    According to the pendulum of the present invention, if the temperature is changed, there is the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the first part of serge and the second part of serge. The first serge part and the second serge part are mutually prevented from moving relative to each other by means of the plurality of holding parts (melting parts), thereby allowing the free end the serge to move radially inward or outward. As a result, it is possible to change the distance from the free end of the serge to the axis line, and it is therefore possible to change the moment of inertia of the balance itself. Therefore, it is possible to change the fall of the thermal characteristics in the moment of inertia, and it is possible to reduce the thermal dependence of the oscillation cycle of the balance. As a result, it is possible to provide the high-quality balance in which the rate influenced by the change in temperature is likely to vary. In the pendulum according to the present invention, each of the separation intervals between the retaining portions (melting parts) is formed to be a predetermined interval, and the predetermined interval allows the amount of movement of the free end. to be settled.
    In this case, the amount of movement of the free end of the serge is adjusted by forming the separation interval to have the fall of the thermal characteristics of the moment of inertia necessary in advance. As a result, it is possible to easily adjust the amount of thermal correction. It is possible to change the amount of movement of the free end relative to the temperature by adjusting the separation interval. Accordingly, it is possible to carefully adjust the amount of thermal correction to match the variations in the thermal characteristics of the spiral spring or the variations in the deformation volume of the free end of the serge, and it is therefore easy to effectively and accurately perform the thermal correction work. In addition, even though the interval sizes are different from each other due to the adjustment of the separation gap, the rotational balance is no longer degraded, thereby easily ensuring excellent rotational performance. . In addition, even if the separation interval is adjusted, the moment of inertia itself of the pendulum is likely to vary. Therefore, it is not necessarily necessary to readjust the gait.
    In the balance according to the present invention, it is further provided the spiral spring which stores the rotational energy of the serge, and the predetermined interval is set according to the rate of change of the spring constant of the spiral spring, which is caused by the change of temperature.
    In this case, it is possible to adjust the amount of movement of the free end of the balance to match the fall of the thermal characteristics of the spring constant of the spiral spring to be combined with this, thereby allowing the thermal correction to be performed with more precision.
    In the balance according to the present invention, the serge has the arcuate segment and the second arcuate segment which are divided in the circumferential direction about the balance axis. The separation interval of the plurality of retaining portions (melt portions) in the first arcuate segment is different from the separation interval of the plurality of retaining portions (melt portions) in the second arcuate segment.
    According to the pendulum of the present invention, it is possible to individually adjust the intervals between the retaining portions (melting parts) in each of the arcuate segments divided in the circumferential direction. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the variations between the arcuate segments in the free end deformation volume, and it is therefore possible to prevent the rotational balance from degrading due to variations in the deformation volume.
    The timepiece movement according to the present invention includes the barrel wheel which has the energy source; the gear train that transmits the rotational force of the barrel wheel; and the escapement mechanism that controls the rotation of the gear train. The escape mechanism includes the beam according to the present invention.
    According to the timepiece movement of the present invention, there is provided the balance in which the thermal dependence of oscillation is reduced as described above and it is unlikely that the walking influenced by the change of temperature is likely to vary. Therefore, it is possible to predict the movement of high quality timepieces with few errors.
    The timepiece according to the present invention includes the timepiece movement according to the present invention.
    According to the timepiece of the present invention, there is provided the timepiece movement in which it is unlikely that the temperature-influenced step is likely to vary. Therefore, it is possible to provide the high quality timepiece with few errors.
    In the method of manufacturing the balance according to the present invention, the serge is formed in such a way that an end is arranged to be the fixed end attached to the connecting arm which is connected radially to the balance shaft and the other end is arranged to be the free end which can be deformed radially. The deformation volume of the free end is adjusted by relatively restraining the first serge portion attached to the connecting arm and the second serge portion arranged to abut with the outer periphery of the first serge portion and formed of the material having the linear expansion coefficient different from the first serge portion using the plurality of retaining portions (melt portions) which are separated from each other, and adjusting each of the separation intervals between the portions of restraint (melting parts).
    According to the manufacturing method of the pendulum of the present invention, it is possible to change the amount of movement of the free end relative to the temperature by adjusting the separation interval. Thus, it is possible to carefully adjust the amount of thermal correction to match the variations in the thermal characteristics of the spiral spring or the variations in the deformation volume of the free end of the serge, and it is therefore easy to perform efficiently and accurately the thermal correction work. In addition, even though the gap sizes are different from one another due to the adjustment of the separation gap, the rotational balance is no longer degraded, thereby assuring easily the excellent rotational performance. In addition, even if the separation interval is adjusted, it is unlikely that the moment of inertia itself of the pendulum is likely to vary. Therefore, it does not necessarily require readjustment of walking.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    A rocker (40) comprising a rocker shaft (41) adapted to be pivotally and rotatably supported; and a serge (50) which is arranged around the balance shaft (41) and which has a plurality of segments (40a, 40b, 40c) each having two ends angularly offset from one another about the axis of a pendulum, namely a fixed end (50a) fixed to a connecting arm (51) which is radially connected to the balance shaft (41), and a free end (50b) which can be deformed radially, and wherein each segment (40a, 40b, 40c) of the serge (50) has a first serge portion (54) which is made of a first material and which is connected to the connecting arm (51), as well as a second serge portion (55) which is contiguous to the first serge portion (54) and which is made of a second material having a linear expansion coefficient different from that of the first material, and wherein the first portion of serge (54) and the second serge portion (55) are tied together by means of a melt section (53) wherein the first and second respective materials of the first serge portion (54) and the second serge portion (55) have been melted.
    [2]
    The pendulum (40) according to claim 1, wherein the melting portion (53) is a portion where the first serge portion (54) and the second serge portion (55) have been fused together by laser welding.
    [3]
    The beam (40) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the melting portion (53) is formed continuously in a circumferential direction, at a contact surface between the first serge portion (54) and the second part of serge (55).
    [4]
    The rocker (40) according to claim 2, wherein a contact surface between the first serge portion (54) and the second serge portion (55) has a length along the first and second serge portions, as well as two end portions angularly offset from one another about the balance axis, and wherein the melting portion (53) is formed at the contact surface by laser welding in a direction parallel to the contact surface.
    [5]
    The pendulum (40) according to claim 2, wherein the melting portion (53) is formed at a contact surface between the first serge portion (54) and the second serge portion (55), by laser welding in a direction substantially perpendicular to the contact surface.
    [6]
    The beam (40) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second serge portion (55) is contiguous to an outer periphery of the first serge portion (54), and wherein a plurality of copies of the fusing portion ( 53) are formed at a distance from each other at a contact surface between the first serge portion (54) and the second serge portion (55).
    [7]
    The pendulum (40) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the serge (42) has a first arcuate segment (40a) and a second arcuate segment (40b) which are circumferentially offset circumferentially around each other. of the balance shaft (41), and wherein a spacing interval between multiple copies of the melting portion (53) in the first arcuate segment (40a) is different from a spacing interval between multiple copies of the melting portion (53) in the second arcuate segment (40b).
    [8]
    8. Movement (10) of timepiece (1) comprising a barrel (22) which has a power source; a gear train transmitting a rotational force of the barrel (22); and an escapement mechanism (30) which controls the rotation of the train, wherein the exhaust mechanism (30) includes a pendulum (40) according to one of claims 1 to 7.
    [9]
    9. Timepiece (1) comprising: a movement (10) of timepiece (1) according to claim 8.
    [10]
    A method of manufacturing a beam (40) according to claim 1, comprising: a step of forming an individual serge shape, wherein shapes on a diametrically inner side and a diametrically outer side of a first serge portion (54) and shapes on a diametrically inner side and a diametrically outer side of a second serge portion (55) are formed; and a bonding step of forming a melting portion (53), wherein the diametrically outer side of the first serge portion (54) and the diametrically inner side of the second serge portion (55) are contacted with each other to form a contact surface and the materials of the first serge portion (54) and the second serge portion (55) are fused together at the contact surface.
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    同族专利:
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    CN103913983A|2014-07-09|
    US9188956B2|2015-11-17|
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