• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a pressure switching device (1) having a housing (2), a pressure chamber (3) and a switching element (71), wherein the pressure chamber (3) by means of a connecting piece (21) is connectable to a working pressure source and by an adjacent Working pressure (p) dependent, movable and pressure-tight executed actuator is limited. The switching element (71) is arranged outside the pressure chamber (3) and can be actuated upon reaching a predetermined minimum pressure value via the actuator. The pressure switching device has an electrically excitable immersion coil accommodated in the housing and an actuator plunger (91), which is passed through the plunger coil (92) and movably received in the housing, with a plunger armature (10) for actuating the switching element. According to the invention, the actuator ram is at the same time an actuator ram (73) which interacts mechanically with the actuator. The plunger armature is designed and arranged in relation to the plunger coil such that upon excitation of the plunger coil, at least a portion of the plunger rod is drawn beyond the maximum actuation travel of the actuator into the plunger coil. The Aktorstössel has a Schaltbetätigungsteil (15) for directly actuating the switching element and a further, second switching element.
    公开号:CH706313B1
    申请号:CH00470/13
    申请日:2013-02-18
    公开日:2016-10-31
    发明作者:Pfister Sascha；Schmid Max
    申请人:Siemens Schweiz Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a pressure switching device having a housing, a pressure chamber and a first switching element, wherein the pressure chamber is connected by means of a fitting to a working pressure source and is limited by a dependent of an applied working pressure, movable and pressure-tight executed actuator. The first switching element is arranged outside the pressure chamber and actuated upon reaching a predetermined minimum pressure value via the actuator. The pressure switching device has an electrically excitable immersion coil accommodated in the housing and an actuator plunger guided therethrough, movably received in the housing, with a plunger armature for actuating the first switching element.
    In the German patent application DE 10 104 438 A1 discloses a safety shutdown is described, which has a double Sicherheitsabschaltfunktion, which is driven by different physical quantities. Through a connection flange and a membrane contained in this pressure-sensitive area is formed in which pressure forces are transmitted to a pressure pin. In the same axial direction as the pressure pin an anchor bolt is arranged, act on the generated in a coil electromagnetic fields. In an accident can now by energizing the coil via an upstream control unit, which is supplied with any signals, preferably temperature signals, a slide over the anchor bolt are released, whereby the particular multi-pole executed electrical contacts of the safety cut-off can be opened. Irrespective of this, the slide is released via the pressure pin even in the event of an impermissible overpressure. By releasing the slider, a switching operation force applied to the electrical contacts during normal operation is withdrawn.
    A pressure switch responds to changes in pressure of a gaseous or liquid medium of the working pressure source, e.g. in a pipeline. In this case, the mechanical action of the medium is often used on a membrane or on a piston, which or which actuates a switching element when the pressure increases. The position of the membrane or the piston remains unchanged at constant pressure. For safety reasons, a mechanically operable switching element, such as e.g. a micro-switch, used, which is contact-related and therefore also subject to wear.
    Alternatively, the use of non-contact electronic switching elements is possible, such as e.g. of fork light barriers, inductive proximity switches and the like. However, in this case a redundant design of the evaluation electronics, such as e.g. using two processors, required.
    To be able to interrupt "pressurized pipelines safely, a reliable detection of the pipeline pressure, that is, a reliable detection of a pressure drop below a predetermined minimum pressure value is required. The range of working pressure values is preferably in the one or two digit bar area, e.g. at 20 bar. The minimum pressure value is preferably set at one-half of the operating working pressure value, e.g. at 10 bar.
    By "safe" is meant here that the technical design of the components required for this purpose must satisfy relevant safety requirements. To comply with the currently highest safety category, compliance with the PL e in accordance with EN ISO 1349-1; SIL 3 according to EM 61 508 or 62 061 is required for machines according to the latest Machinery Directive 2006/42 / EC. In this case, components are required in which a diagnosis of the functionality is possible.
    To meet these safety requirements, the principle of diversified redundancy is currently used. This means that for reasons of redundancy, two pressure switching devices are to be used for pressure monitoring, so that in the event of failure of a pressure-switching device, a further pressure-switching device is available. On the other hand, the pressure switching devices must come from different manufacturers in order to avoid a simultaneous, systematic failure of both pressure switching devices. It is assumed that the probability of a double failure is very small if the design, construction, development and manufacture differ.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a pressure switching device with improved diagnostic capability.
    This object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims.
    According to the invention, the Aktorstössel is also a mechanically interacting with the actuator actuator tappet. The plunger armature is designed and arranged in relation to the plunger coil such that upon excitation of the plunger coil, at least a portion of the plunger rod is drawn beyond the maximum actuation travel of the actuator into the plunger coil. The Aktorstössel has next to the plunger anchor on a switching operation part for directly actuating the first switching element and a further, second switching element. The Schaltbetätigungsteil and the two switching elements are arranged to each other that when not reaching the predetermined minimum pressure value of the two switching elements is actuated that upon reaching the predetermined minimum pressure value, only the first switching element is actuated, and that upon excitation of the plunger coil, regardless of the applied working pressure, only the second Switching element is actuated. The considered switching elements are in particular mechanically actuated, contact-type switching elements, such as e.g. Microswitch.
    The combination of plunger coil and plunger can also be referred to as a coil solenoid, solenoid, pull or solenoid. The plunger armature is configured in such a way that at least part of the plunger armature is drawn into the plunger coil during intended electrical excitation of the plunger coil in order to actuate the second switch element.
    The essence of the invention is that now advantageously a reliable test of the most subject to wear component of the pressure switching device, that is, the first mechanical switching element, almost possible under real conditions, the test also meets the safety standards and safety standards mentioned above ,
    In this case, both in the unpressurized and in the pressurized state of the working pressure source, a check of the first switching element to a proper switching operation out possible. This is achieved by the further displacement of the common actuating and Aktorstössels beyond the maximum effectable by the actuator actuating or actuating. A feedback for the diagnosis performed is then possible via the second switching element. In this case, a failure of the first switching element is detected, if the switching state should not change stationary in electrical control of the plunger coil.
    This has the great advantage that can be dispensed with each other on a second pressure switching device and their safety-related interconnection.
    The advantage is also in the simple integration of an electrically controllable submersible magnet in the pressure switching device. The plunger armature is preferably arranged approximately centrally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the actuator plunger. It is made of a magnetizable material, preferably made of iron or steel. He is further tuned in its geometric dimensions to the dimensions of the plunger coil that the plunger is moved in the direction of actuation of the actuator. In addition, the entire electrically energizable magnetic circuit of the submersible magnet is dimensioned such that it can overcome the comparatively small contact spring force of the second switching element.
    According to one embodiment, the actuator may be biased by spring force, so that the first switching element is actuated after reaching the predetermined minimum pressure value. Preferably, the bias is provided by a spring element, such as a spring. over a cylinder or plate spring, reached. The pressure switching means may also comprise means for setting the minimum pressure value, e.g. a set screw for adjusting the Vorspannweges in the spring element.
    According to a further embodiment, in each case a switching actuating force via the actuator ram can be applied for actuating one of the two switching elements. By "actuation" of a switching element is meant that a switching actuation force for opening or closing the electrical contacts of the switching element against a contact spring force of the switching element must be actively applied.
    According to a further embodiment, the first and / or second switching element on a pair of switching contacts, which electrically close upon application of the Schaltbetätigungskraft. Such switching elements are also referred to as a closer.
    According to a further embodiment, the first and / or second switching element on a pair of switching contacts, which open electrically upon application of the Schaltbetätigungskraft. Such switching elements are also referred to as openers. The switching elements described above may also be a combination of make and break contacts. Thus, a switching element may also have a plurality of switching contact pairs, such as e.g. two or three. By appropriate series or parallel connection increases the reliability of the switching element. Alternatively or additionally, the pressure switching means may comprise two or more switching elements, e.g. two micro-switches, which are connected to increase the switching reliability in series or in parallel.
    By "stationary" change of the switching state is meant here that in the pressurized case and thus already existing permanent actuation of the first switching element for the duration of a subsequent control of the solenoid and the switching state of the first switching element must change, that is no longer actuated may be. The same applies in chronological reverse order, when the termination of the diagnosis, the control of the solenoid is terminated again. Otherwise, this is a faulty switching behavior of the first switching element clearly detected.
    On the other hand, the switching state of the first switching element may change only briefly, if in the unpressurized case and thus in the presence of permanent non-actuation of the first switching element of the solenoid is controlled. Thus, the signal sequence non-actuation - actuation - non-actuation must be detectable at the first switching element at the latest after the actuation of the second switching element has been detected. The same applies in chronological reverse order, when the termination of the diagnosis, the control of the solenoid is terminated again. Otherwise, a faulty switching behavior of the first switching element is also clearly detectable here.
    Possible reasons for this may be a gluing or welding of the switching contacts of the first switching element, if the switching element is designed as a make. If, on the other hand, the switching element is designed as a normally closed contact, one possible reason is e.g. Contact contamination with a high-impedance transition despite "closed" switching contacts. The actuation of the second switching element and its subsequent non-actuation upon completion of the activation of the submersible magnet reliably indicate that the first switching element has been mechanically checked for its proper switching behavior. The diagnosis could thus be carried out effectively.
    Such a pressure switching device is advantageous for particularly secure detection of a pressure drop below a predetermined minimum pressure value of the working pressure source used. It is particularly useful for detecting the pressure drop in a trained as a pipeline working pressure source.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. Show<Tb> FIG. 1 to 3 <SEP> an example of a pressure-switching device according to the invention under different operating conditions.
    Fig. 1 shows an example of a pressure switching device 1 according to the invention in the pressureless operating state. A diaphragm is used as the actuator 5. Alternatively - not shown figuratively - also a piston or other suitable means can be used as actuator 5. The pressure switching device 1 and the majority of its components are - apart from the switching elements - preferably formed substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the dotted main axis.
    By the reference numeral 21, a connector is referred to as part of a housing 2 of the pressure switching device 1 for connection to a working pressure source. Reference numeral 3 designates a pressure chamber 3 which is delimited by an actuator 5 which is dependent on an applied working pressure p and movable and pressure-tight, here in the form of a membrane. By the reference numeral 4, the interior of the housing 2 is referred to, the pressure-moderately separated from the pressure chamber 3 and is substantially free of pressure.
    Furthermore, the pressure switching device 1, a first switching element 71 and another, second switching element 72, both of which are arranged on a circuit substrate 30 outside the pressure chamber 3 and are actuated via the actuator 5. In the present example, the diaphragm 5 rests against an actuator pusher 73, so that the adjusting movement of the diaphragm 5 can be transmitted indirectly to the first shifting element 71 in the event of pressure changes in the direction of actuation. The illustrated switching elements 71, 72 are exemplary microswitches. The latter is further biased by means of a spring element 8 for applying a spring biasing force F. Thereby, a minimum pressure value is adjustable, in which the first switching element 71 is actuated.
    In the illustrated pressureless state of the working pressure source, ie in a state in which the pressure p of the working pressure source has a pressure value that does not exceed the predetermined or preset minimum pressure value of the pressure switching device 1, the actuator 5 is in the left position, conditionally by a self-bias of the membrane 5 shown, and in particular by the biasing force F of the spring element 8. The first switching element 71 is consequently not actuated.
    According to the invention, the actuator plunger 91 is at the same time also the actuator plunger 73 cooperating mechanically with the actuator 5. In the present example, the actuator plunger 91 and the actuator plunger 73 form a structural unit, in particular a one-piece structural unit. Both components 73, 91 may also be separate, movable in the pressure actuation direction in the housing 2 successively arranged parts. Thus, the actuator stem 73 may be e.g. an actuator-side end piece 11, a cylindrical middle part 12 and an unspecified adjacent further part. The Aktorstössel 91 then has a plunger 13, a central part 14 and a switching operation part 15.
    The Aktorstössel 91 is part of a submersible solenoid formed as submersible magnet 9. The latter has a recorded in the housing 2 of the pressure switching device 1 plunger coil 92 and an actuator plunger 91 which is movably received in the housing 2 and passed through the plunger coil 92. The plunger coil 92 is composed of a coil body 93 or of a coil and of a surrounding insulator 94. The Aktorstössel 91 has a plunger armature 10 and a switching operation part 15 for actuating the first switching element 71 and a second, further switching element 72. The shift operating member 15 may also be integrated in the Aktorstössel 91. Furthermore, the plunger armature 10 is designed and arranged with respect to the plunger coil 92 such that upon electrical excitation of the plunger coil 92, at least a portion of the plunger core 10 is drawn beyond the maximum actuation travel of the actuator 5 into the plunger coil 92. As a magnetic core for the magnetic field guide is the two-part running and designated 22 housing part. It is made of a magnetizable material, in particular of iron or magnetic steel. The reference numeral 23 radially inwardly extending magnetic yokes are referred to as part of the housing part 22. They serve to guide the magnetic field generated by the plunger coil 92 toward the plunger armature 10 so that it can close via the plunger anchor 10.
    In the unpressurized state shown, the common actuator and Aktorstössel 73, 91 moves by the spring biasing force F to the left. The likewise co-moving shift operating member 15 is thus not engaged with the switching buttons 70 of the two switching elements 71, 72. They are therefore not operated. The shift operating part 15 and the two shift elements 71, 72 are arranged in such a way to each other that when not reaching the predetermined minimum pressure neither of the two switching elements 71, 72 can be actuated.
    Fig. 2 shows the inventive pressure switching device 1 for the case that the pressure p of the working pressure source has a pressure value which exceeds the predetermined or preset minimum pressure value of the pressure switching device 1. The common actuator and Aktorstössel 73, 91 is moved by the now acting on the actuator 5 actuating force S, which is greater than the spring biasing force F, in the direction of actuation to the right. In this case, a first cam 16, which is attached laterally by way of example to the shift operating part 15, deflects the shift knob 70 of the first shift element 71 for shifting operation. The second switching element 72 remains unconfirmed, for which purpose the switching operating part 15 and the two switching elements 71, 72 are arranged to each other such that when the minimum pressure is reached, only the first switching element 71 is actuated. This is achieved in the example of FIG. 3 by staggered positioning of the second switching element 72 with respect to the first switching element 71, so that the switching knob 70 of the second switching element 72 is not (yet) reached by a second cam 17 of the switching actuating part 15. In the present example, the shift operating member 15 has a common cam for both buttons 70 16, 17. Alternatively, the shift operating member 15 may have two cams 16, 17 arranged offset in the direction of actuation. The switching buttons 70 of the two switching elements 71, 72 can then be arranged in the same position with respect to the main axis in the axial direction.
    Furthermore, the pressure switching device 1 is formed such that a maximum actuation travel can not be exceeded by the actuator 5. The maximum actuation or travel is thus limited. This is achieved in the example of the present Fig. 3 by a stop in the housing part 21, which limits the movement of the actuator 5 and the diaphragm 5 to the right. The adjoining actuator and Aktorstössel 73, 91 then remains even with increasing operating pressure values at the position shown. By the reference numeral 11, an actuator-side end portion of the common actuator and Aktorstössels 73, 91 is referred to, which engages through a recess in the housing part 21 and bears against the diaphragm 5 for transmitting the actuation path.
    Fig. 3 shows the inventive pressure switching device 1 in the diagnostic case. Regardless of whether the working pressure p is present or not, at least a portion of the plunger armature 10 is then drawn into the plunger coil 92 beyond the maximum actuation path of the actuator 5 upon electrical excitation of the plunger coil. As a result, the second switching element 72 is now actuated by the second cam 17, while the first switching element 71 is unactuated. If the excitation of the actuator 9 out of the unpressurized operating state, the first switching element 71 is operated briefly starting from the non-actuated state and then no longer actuated by the passing movement of the first cam 16 past the switch button 70. If, however, the excitation of the submersible magnet 9 from the pressurized operating state out, the first switching element 71 changes from the actuated state in the non-actuated state, as long as the solenoid 9 is energized.
    In the current excitation of the submersible magnet 9, a central part 13 of the plunger armature 10 is pulled in the direction of actuation of the actuator 5 in the plunger coil 92. This mechanical movement takes place as long as the magnetic field via the left magnetic yoke 23, on a cylindrical magnetic flux part 12, on the middle part 13, continue on the right frustoconical magnetic flux member 14 and back on the right magnetic yoke 23 with even lower magnetic resistance , Finally, the Schaltbetätigungsstück 15 still has a blind hole for receiving the spring element 8.
    LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
    [0036]<Tb> 1 <September> Pressure switch means<Tb> 2 <September> Housing<Tb> 3 <September> Horn<tb> 4 <SEP> Interior, pressure-free space<tb> 5 <SEP> Actuator, diaphragm<tb> 6 <SEP> Sealant, O-ring<tb> 8 <SEP> Spring element, cylinder spring, compression spring<tb> 9 <SEP> Actuator, submersible solenoid, solenoid coil<tb> 10 <SEP> Immersion Anchors, Actuator Tappets<tb> 11 <SEP> actuator side end part, bolt end<tb> 12, 14 <SEP> Magnetic flux guide parts<tb> 13 <SEP> middle part, plunger part<Tb> 15 <September> shift operating member<tb> 16, 17 <SEP> Cam, shift cam<tb> 21 <SEP> Housing part, fitting<tb> 22 <SEP> Housing part, magnetic core<Tb> 23 <September> yoke<tb> 30 <SEP> Circuit board, printed circuit board<Tb> 70 <September> switch button<tb> 71 <SEP> first switching element, microswitch<tb> 72 <SEP> second switching element, micro switch<tb> 73 <SEP> Actuator plunger, separate plunger<Tb> 91 <September> actuator tappet<Tb> 92 <September> moving coil<tb> 93 <SEP> bobbin, coil<Tb> 94 <September> insulator<Tb> <September><Tb> A <September> actuator force<Tb> F <September> spring preload force<tb> p <SEP> Pressure, working pressure<Tb> S <September> force
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. pressure switching device having a housing (2), a pressure chamber (3) and a first switching element (71), wherein the pressure chamber (3) by means of a connecting piece (21) is connectable to a working pressure source and by an applied by an operating pressure (p) dependent, movable and pressure-tight executed actuator (5) is limited, wherein the first switching element (71) outside the pressure chamber (3) arranged and actuated upon reaching a predetermined minimum pressure value via the actuator (5), and wherein the pressure switching means in the housing ( 2) accommodated, electrically excitable plunger coil (92) and a through the plunger coil (92) passed through, in the housing (2) movably received actuator plunger (91) with a plunger (10) for actuating the first switching element (71), characterized- That the Aktorstössel (91) is at the same time a mechanically cooperating with the actuator actuator ram (73),- That the plunger armature (10) with respect to the plunger coil (92) is designed and arranged such that upon excitation of the plunger coil (92) at least a part of the plunger armature (10) beyond the maximum actuation path of the actuator (5) out into the plunger coil (92) is drawn in,- That the Aktorstössel (91) has a Schaltbetätigungsteil (15) for directly actuating the first switching element (71) and another, second switching element (72), and- That the Schaltbetätigungsteil (15) and the two switching elements (71, 72) are arranged to each other,If neither of the two switching elements (71, 72) is actuatable when the predetermined minimum pressure value is not reached,- That when reaching the predetermined minimum pressure value, only the first switching element (71) is actuated and- That upon excitation of the plunger coil (92) regardless of the applied working pressure (p) only the second switching element (72) is actuated.
    [2]
    2. Pressure switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (5) is biased by spring force (F), so that the first switching element (71) is actuated after reaching the predetermined minimum pressure value.
    [3]
    3. Pressure switching device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for actuating one of the two switching elements (71, 72) each have a switching actuating force on the actuator tappet (73) can be applied.
    [4]
    4. Pressure switching device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first and / or second switching element (71, 72) has a pair of switching contacts, which electrically close upon application of the Schaltbetätigungskraft.
    [5]
    5. Pressure switching device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the first and / or second switching element (71, 72) has a pair of switching contacts which open electrically upon application of the Schaltbetätigungskraft.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102012205147B3|2013-03-07|
    KR101461368B1|2014-11-13|
    CN103367028B|2016-09-07|
    CN103367028A|2013-10-23|
    KR20130111398A|2013-10-10|
    CH706313A2|2013-09-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3210550C2|1982-03-23|1984-09-20|Leybold-Heraeus GmbH, 5000 Köln|Valve actuation device, in particular for vacuum valves|
    US4638830A|1985-09-27|1987-01-27|Rosemount Inc.|High sensitivity magnetic actuator|
    IT1262406B|1993-09-03|1996-06-19|Texas Instruments Inc|PRESSURE SENSITIVE SWITCH DEVICE.|
    JPH11185574A|1997-12-18|1999-07-09|Togami Electric Mfg Co Ltd|Pressure sensor for gas switch, gas blast load-break switch provided therewith and gas pressure detecting method for gas-blast load break switch|
    DE10104438B4|2001-02-01|2007-06-14|Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg|Multipolar safety switch with a pressure sensor|
    CN2544408Y|2002-05-21|2003-04-09|北京威盾消防安全设备有限公司|Pressure switch|
    US7679362B2|2007-01-18|2010-03-16|Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc.|Hall-effect pressure switch|
    EP2272076B1|2008-05-06|2013-11-06|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Switching device|
    法律状态:
    2015-01-30| PUE| Assignment|Owner name: SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG, CH Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, DE |
    2016-04-15| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    2016-04-29| AERF| Reactivation after erroneous deletion|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102012205147A|DE102012205147B3|2012-03-29|2012-03-29|Pressure switch device for use with pressure source of pipeline, has switching elements that are not actuated when preset minimum pressure value is not reached|
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