• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Pusher centrifuge 1, comprising a rotatable filter drum 3 with a longitudinal axis 5, with a filter drum inner peripheral surface 7 and at least one drum body, in particular with an outer drum body 9 and an inner drum body 11 which are axially reciprocally movable relative to each other, and a sliding floor 13, the in the filter drum 3 is arranged, and comprising a pneumatic nozzle device 17 and / or a hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device, from which pneumatic nozzle device 17 and / or high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device one or more associated Luftstrahl / s or Flüssigkeitsstrahl / s successively or simultaneously along in Substantially the entire inner length of the filter drum 3 against the filter drum inner peripheral surface 7 can be applied is / are.
    公开号:CH705773B1
    申请号:CH02295/12
    申请日:2012-11-08
    公开日:2016-12-30
    发明作者:Grim Gunnar；Schmidt Peter
    申请人:Andritz Kmpt Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a pusher centrifuge having a rotatable filter drum having a longitudinal axis, with a Filtertrommelinnenumfangsfläche and at least one drum body, and a sliding floor, which is arranged in the filter drum, wherein the sliding floor and the at least one drum body relative to each other axially ( in the longitudinal direction of the filter drum) are movable back and forth by, for example the push floor is axially reciprocable relative to the at least one drum body (or vice versa). The pusher centrifuge may e.g. also be multi-stage, wherein the filter drum, e.g. according to the number of stages has several drum body, wherein the pusher centrifuge, e.g. can be designed as a two-stage pusher centrifuge with an outer drum body and an inner drum body. The pusher centrifuge can accordingly be e.g. have a rotatable filter drum with a longitudinal axis, with a filter drum inner peripheral surface and with an outer drum body and an inner drum body, which are axially reciprocable relative to each other and a moving floor, which is arranged in the inner drum body and is fixedly connected to the outer drum body. The two-stage design is the most commonly used pusher centrifugal design. The pusher centrifuge may also have three and more stages with correspondingly three and more drum bodies. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a pusher centrifuge.
    A pusher centrifuge as explained in the introduction is e.g. known from DE 2 542 916 A1 or CH 312 160 A.
    According to one aspect of the invention, a pusher centrifuge is provided which is easier to handle. Furthermore, a method for operating the pusher centrifuge is provided, which involves a simplified handling of the pusher centrifuge.
    According to one aspect of the invention, a pusher centrifuge according to claim 1 is provided. The pusher centrifuge according to the invention therefore has a rotatable filter drum with a longitudinal axis, with a filter drum inner peripheral surface, and with at least one drum body, and a sliding floor, which is arranged in the filter drum, wherein the moving floor and the at least one drum body axially relative to each other and reciprocally movable wherein the pusher centrifuge further comprises: a pneumatic nozzle device (ie, a compressed air nozzle device) and / or a high pressure hydraulic nozzle device, from which pneumatic nozzle device and / or high pressure hydraulic nozzle device one or more associated air streams; en, eg successively or simultaneously, along substantially an entire inside length of the filter drum (ie, at least adjacent an axial filter drum bottom end (adjacent the pusher bottom) of the filter drum to at least adjacent an opposite axial filter drum discharge end of the filter drum) or along the longitudinal axis along a portion of the filter drum Inner length of the filter drum against the (radially limiting) Filtertrommelinnenumfangsfläche can be applied / are. Optionally, the filter drum has e.g. an outer drum body and an inner drum body which are axially reciprocable relative to each other, the moving floor being disposed in the inner drum body and fixedly connected to the outer drum, the pusher centrifuge being e.g. is designed as a two-stage pusher centrifuge.
    The at least one drum body can be mounted axially fixed, and the sliding floor can be axially movable (or vice versa). The outer drum body is e.g. axially fixed, and the internal drum body is e.g. mounted axially displaceable relative to the outer drum. The pusher centrifuge has e.g. an axial displacement mechanism, of which the at least one drum body, e.g. the inner drum body, is axially displaced, wherein the Axialbewegungsmechanismus is arranged such that from him the at least one drum body, e.g. the inner drum body is periodically displaced axially back and forth. In the event that the at least one drum body is mounted axially fixed, e.g. the axial movement mechanism periodically reciprocates the pusher bottom axially.
    The axial movement mechanism is e.g. a hydraulic, pneumatic or electric drive mechanism. The pusher centrifuge has e.g. a rotary drive for rotating the filter drum, which e.g. an electric drive is. The moving floor is e.g. axially connected by an inner drum body bottom of the inner drum body extending rods with an outer drum body bottom of the outer drum body. The filter drum has a filter drum bottom which is e.g. is multi-part and e.g. is formed by the pusher bottom and the drum body bottom of the at least one drum body, or e.g. is in three parts and e.g. is formed by the sliding floor, the inner drum body bottom and the Aussentrommelkörperboden. The filter drum has a feeder with e.g. a supply line over which a material to be filtered, e.g. a suspension to be filtered, is fed into the filter drum, wherein a feed outlet of the feeder, e.g. is arranged adjacent to the filter drum bottom or adjacent to the sliding floor and thus adjacent to an axial end or Axialendabschnitt (filter drum bottom end) of the filter drum is arranged. The opposite, other axial end (or opposite, other axial end portion) of the filter drum forms the axial filter drum discharge end of the filter drum, at which a sifted material from the material to be filtered, e.g. in the form of a filter cake knocking down on the filter drum inner peripheral surface, is discharged from the filter drum or removed therefrom. At the axial filter drum discharge end, the pusher centrifuge has a discharge device, e.g. Solid-discharge device, with a discharge inlet or outlet inlet, by means of which the sieved or filtered-out material or the filter cake material from the pusher centrifuge can be discharged.
    The pneumatic nozzle device has e.g. a (e.g., just one or only one) air nozzle (compressed air nozzle) which is displaceable axially (in the longitudinal direction of the filter drum), e.g. linearly displaceable is (along a (moving) path), the air nozzle e.g. substantially along the entire inner axial length or inside length of the filter drum, i. from one axial end or adjacent to one axial end to the other axial end or adjacent to the other axial end of the filter drum, axially movable, e.g. is linear axially movable. In the axial direction / longitudinal direction of the filter drum, (substantially) any position in the filter drum can be achieved with the air jet (compressed air jet) that can be emitted or emitted by the air nozzle via the (for example single or single) axially displaceable air nozzle. By rotating the filter drum so that essentially any point of the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum can be achieved by the air jet of the air nozzle. The pneumatic nozzle device may also include a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart filter drum, e.g. at fixed axial spacings, air nozzles (compressed air nozzles) arranged with respect to each other, which are displaceable axially (in the longitudinal direction of the filter drum, for example, collectively or jointly), e.g. linearly displaceable, are (along a (moving) path), the air nozzles e.g. substantially along the entire inner axial length or inside length of the filter drum, i. from one axial end or adjacent to one axial end to the other axial end or adjacent to the other axial end of the filter drum, e.g. linear axially movable, are, so that along the linear displacement of the air nozzles substantially each point of the filter drum inner peripheral surface is acted upon with an air jet. The air nozzle or the air nozzles can / can also be longitudinally displaceable only along a portion of the inner length of the filter drum, so that only a corresponding portion of the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum with an air jet / air jets can be acted upon. In the case of several drum bodies of different diameter, e.g. in the case of the outer drum body and the inner drum body, one or more (axially displaceable as explained above) air nozzles with a specially adapted to the respective drum diameter (different) radial distance to the (respective) drum body inner peripheral surface can / can be provided for the respective drum body.
    As an air medium, e.g. normal, compressed atmospheric air (compressed air) in question, it can also be any special, compressed gas or gas mixture used as an air medium.
    The pneumatic nozzle device may e.g. an air nozzle register having spaced apart in the axial direction or longitudinal direction of the filter drum air nozzles, wherein the air nozzles can be acted upon simultaneously with compressed air or wherein the air nozzles successively, e.g. from one filter drum axial end (which eg faces the filter drum base) to the other filter drum axial end (which faces, for example, the filter drum discharge end), compressed air is applied, the air nozzles previously subjected to compressed air being exposed to air pressure or be successively no longer subjected to air pressure. The air nozzles of the air nozzle register are e.g. aligned substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the filter drum arranged one behind the other (along a path). By rotating the filter drum, substantially any location of the inner circumferential surface of the filter drum can be achieved by the air jets of the air nozzle register. The air nozzles of the air nozzle register may be attached to the diameters of drum bodies, e.g. the outer drum body and the inner drum body, have adapted, different radial distances from the drum body inner surfaces.
    In applying the pneumatic nozzle device and / or applying the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device, the filter drum is e.g. slower, e.g. much slower, rotating than in normal filter operation. In this regard, the filter drum is e.g. with a speed of less than or equal to 50% or less than or equal to 25% or less than or equal to 10% or less than or equal to 5% of the speed in normal filter operation.
    The pneumatic nozzle device may e.g. be used for removing or discharging adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum filter cake. That is, by applying the above-explained pneumatic nozzle device, the filter cake adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum can be blown off the filter drum inner peripheral surface by blowing off, the blown filter cake material inter alia. due to the slow (further) rotation of the filter drum as well as e.g. due to e.g. further periodically axially reciprocating the inner drum relative to the outer drum or e.g. solely moved by the application of the pneumatic nozzle device towards the axial filter drum discharge end or is moved there, where the filter cake material is then discharged via the (solid) discharge device of the pusher centrifuge away. The pneumatic nozzle device thus functions here as a pneumatic filter cake removal / discharge device for discharging the filter cake outside the normal filter operating times of the pusher centrifuge. The air nozzles may have an axial conveying action, e.g. be oriented so as to assist the conveyance of the filter cake material towards the discharge end or, e.g. alone, effect.
    The application of the pneumatic nozzle device can be started manually, wherein the further application of the pneumatic nozzle device controlled by a control device of the pusher centrifuge can be done automatically. It is also possible that the pusher centrifuge or a control device of the pusher centrifuge is set up such that it is used by the pneumatic nozzle device at predetermined time intervals. The pusher centrifuge may also be equipped with a sensor device connected to the pusher centrifuge controller and sensing a thickness of the filter cake, which, upon reaching a predetermined filter cake thickness, and / or e.g. if the filter drum exceeds a predetermined unbalance level and / or e.g. if the residual moisture of the discharged filter cake exceeds a predetermined value and / or if e.g. the filtration efficiency (eg, flow rate and / or flow rate through a screen of the filter drum) falls below a predetermined value, the controller applies the pneumatic nozzle device to remove the adhered filter cake, after which the pusher centrifuge returns from the controller to perform the normal filter operation is controlled. The operation of the pneumatic nozzle device is e.g. accompanied by a reduction of the filter drum speed previously initiated by the control device, whereafter the pneumatic nozzle device for applying the air jet or the air jets is actuated by the control device.
    The respective air jet may be a continuous air jet. The respective air jet can also be a discontinuous air jet, e.g. be a pulsed air jet. The control device can be arranged such that it can generate such a continuous or such a discontinuous (respective) air jet by means of the pneumatic nozzle device, e.g. by appropriate, clocked on / off control of a nozzle opening / closing solenoid valve.
    The inner peripheral surface of the filter drum is e.g. with a filter means, e.g. a sieve, which e.g. is removably disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum. (With the sieve installed, the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum is formed by the (inner) surface of the filter medium, eg sieve, facing the inside of the drum.) After removing the filter cake from the filter drum by the pneumatic nozzle device and further applying it the pneumatic nozzle device by means of the pneumatic nozzle device further example also the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum and thus a filter means arranged thereon as well as e.g. an area, e.g. a drainage area, between the filter means and the drum body inner surface of the at least one drum body (including the gaps, gaps and / or pores in the filter means in turn), e.g. the inner drum body and the outer drum body, the filter drum are cleaned. The drainage area may e.g. the gap of a slotted screen and the drainage space or transverse drainage area between the slotted screen (filter means) and the drum body inner peripheral surface. The pneumatic nozzle device operates in this regard as a pneumatic filter drum inner circumferential surface cleaning device or a filter medium cleaning device or a drainage area cleaning device.
    The high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device has e.g. a (e.g., just one or only one) fluid nozzle which is displaceable axially (longitudinally of the filter drum), e.g. linearly displaceable is (along a (moving) path), wherein the liquid nozzle substantially along the entire inner axial length or inside length of the filter drum, i. from an axial end or adjacent to an axial end of the filter drum to the other axial end or adjacent to the other axial end of the filter drum, axially movable, e.g. is linear axially movable. About the single (only), axially displaceable liquid nozzle can be achieved in the axial direction / longitudinal direction of the filter drum substantially any position in the filter drum with the liquid jet can be output or output from the liquid nozzle. By rotating the filter drum, substantially any point of the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum can thus be achieved by the liquid jet of the fluid nozzle. The hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device can also be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the filter drum at an axial distance, e.g. at a fixed axial distance, liquid nozzles arranged with respect to each other, which are displaceable axially (in the longitudinal direction of the filter drum, for example, collectively or jointly), e.g. are linearly displaceable or linearly displaceable (along a (moving) path), wherein the liquid nozzles, e.g. substantially along the entire inner axial length or inside length of the filter drum, i. from one axial end or adjacent to one axial end to the other axial end or adjacent to the other axial end of the filter drum, axially movable, e.g. linear axially movable, are, so that along the linear displacement of the liquid nozzles substantially every point of the filter drum inner peripheral surface is acted upon by a liquid jet. The liquid nozzle or the liquid nozzles can also be longitudinally displaceable only along a portion of the inner length of the filter drum, so that only a corresponding portion of the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum with a liquid jet / liquid jets can be acted upon. In the case of several drum bodies of different diameter, e.g. in the case of the outer drum body and the inner drum body, one or more (axially displaceable as explained above) liquid nozzles may be provided with a specially adapted to the respective drum diameter (different) radial distance to the drum body inner peripheral surface.
    As the liquid medium, e.g. Water in question, it can also be used any other special liquid as the liquid medium.
    The high pressure hydraulic nozzle device may e.g. a liquid nozzle register having spaced apart in the axial direction or longitudinal direction of the filter drum liquid nozzles, wherein the liquid nozzles can be acted upon simultaneously with pressurized liquid or wherein the liquid nozzles successively, for. from the one filter drum axial end (which faces, for example, the filter drum base) to the other filter drum axial end (which faces, for example, the filter drum discharge end), high pressure liquid is applied to the liquid nozzles previously subjected to high pressure liquid can be acted upon with high-pressure liquid or successively no longer be charged with high-pressure liquid. The liquid nozzles of the liquid nozzle register are e.g. aligned substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the filter drum arranged one behind the other (along a path). By rotating the filter drum, substantially any location of the inner circumferential surface of the filter drum can be achieved by the liquid jets of the liquid nozzle register. The liquid nozzles of the liquid nozzle register may be attached to the diameters of drum bodies, e.g. the outer drum body and the inner drum body, have adapted, different radial distances from the drum body inner surfaces.
    The hydraulic high pressure nozzle device may e.g. be used for removing or for discharging adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum filter cake. That is, by applying the above-explained high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device, the filter cake adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the filter drum can be blasted away from the inner peripheral surface by blasting, and the removed-radiated filter cake material inter alia. due to the slow (further) rotation of the filter drum as well as e.g. due to e.g. further periodically axially reciprocating the inner drum relative to the outer drum or e.g. moved solely by the application of the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device in the direction of the axial filter drum discharge end or is moved there, where the filter cake material is then discharged via the discharge device of the pusher centrifuge. The hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device thus functions here as a hydraulic filter cake discharge device for discharging the filter cake outside the normal filter operating times of the pusher centrifuge. The fluid nozzles may have an axial conveying action, e.g. be oriented so as to assist the conveyance of the filter cake material towards the discharge end or, e.g. alone, effect.
    The application of the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device can be started manually, wherein the further application of the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device can be controlled automatically by a control device of the pusher centrifuge. It is also possible that the pusher centrifuge or a control device of the pusher centrifuge is set up such that it is used by the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device at predetermined time intervals. The pusher centrifuge may also be equipped with a sensor device connected to the pusher centrifuge controller and sensing a thickness of the filter cake, which, upon reaching a predetermined filter cake thickness, and / or e.g. if the filter drum exceeds a predetermined unbalance level and / or e.g. if the residual moisture of the discharged filter cake exceeds a predetermined value and / or if e.g. the filtration performance (eg, flow rate and / or flow rate through a screen of the filter drum) falls below a predetermined value, the controller applies the high pressure hydraulic nozzle device to remove the adhered filter cake, after which the pusher centrifuge is re-operated by the control device the normal filter operation is controlled. The operation of the high pressure hydraulic nozzle device is e.g. associated with a previously caused by the control device reducing the filter drum speed, after which then the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device for applying the jet or the liquid jet / is actuated by the control device.
    The respective liquid jet may be a continuous liquid jet. The respective liquid jet can also be a discontinuous liquid jet, e.g. be a pulsed liquid jet. The control device may be arranged to generate from it such continuous or such a discontinuous (respective) liquid jet by means of the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device, e.g. by appropriate, clocked on / off control of a nozzle opening / closing solenoid valve.
    After removing the filter cake from the filter drum by actuating the high pressure hydraulic nozzle device, e.g. by further applying the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device by means of the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device, the inner circumferential surface of the filter drum and thus a filter means disposed thereon, and e.g. an area, such as a drainage area, between the filter means and the drum body inner surface of the (at least one) drum body, e.g. the inner drum body and the outer drum body, the filter drum are cleaned. The drainage area may e.g. the spaces in a filter means, e.g. the gap of a slotted screen, and the drainage space or cross-drainage area between the filter means (e.g., the slotted screen) and the drum body inner peripheral surface.
    The filter centrifuge may e.g. both with a pneumatic nozzle device (as discussed herein) and with a high pressure hydraulic nozzle device (as discussed herein). The pneumatic and hydraulic high-pressure nozzle devices may be arranged parallel to each other and operated simultaneously or sequentially. According to one aspect, for example, only the pneumatic nozzle device for removing and discharging the adhering filter cake from the filter drum and excluding the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device for cleaning the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum (or for cleaning the drainage area , eg the filter means and a gap between the filter means and the inside of the filter drum body). In this sense, with "exclusively" e.g. It is not excluded that any other removal and / or cleaning methods and / or devices, ie other than the pneumatic nozzle device and the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device, at the same time for removing / discharging and / or cleaning can be operated. Such removal and / or cleaning devices may e.g. Low-pressure liquid nozzle devices, which are arranged in or outside the filter drum to the filter drum, e.g. but their liquid working pressure is insufficient to produce e.g. To directly sweep away a filter cake or to clean the areas in a filter medium and the areas between the drum body inner peripheral surface and a filter medium (for example a sieve or a filter) or e.g. to clean the areas between them radially through the at least one drum body (e.g., through the outer drum body and the inner drum body) and extending radially therethrough filtrate passages.
    However, it is e.g. also possible that in total (ie with regard to any cleaning device) exclusively the pneumatic nozzle device for removing and discharging the adhering filter cake from the filter drum and all exclusively the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device for cleaning the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum (or for cleaning the drainage area, ie the gaps (eg, gaps or pores) of a filter means and the cross-drainage area defined as the gap between the filter means and the inside of the (at least one) drum body is applied.
    Further, e.g. the pneumatic and high-pressure hydraulic nozzle devices are one and the same nozzle device having the same jet nozzle (s) as a jet nozzle (s), said hydraulic-pneumatic nozzle device being selectively operable with air pressure and high pressure liquid Jet nozzle or the jet nozzles of the nozzle device is selectively acted upon by air pressure and high-pressure liquid standing / are.
    The pneumatic nozzle device is e.g. set up such that the respective associated air jet on the basis of an air working pressure of at least 6 bar, in particular at least 8 bar is generated, wherein optionally the air working pressure a maximum of 20 bar, in particular a maximum of 15 bar, in particular a maximum of 12 bar, in particular a maximum of 10 bar is.
    The hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device is to be understood as a high-pressure device in that it works with a hydraulic or liquid working pressure which is greater, e.g. much larger, e.g. at least 2 times, in particular at least 3 times, in particular at least 4 times greater than the pressure available in the normal water supply system. That is, the high pressure hydraulic nozzle device e.g. is arranged such that the respective associated liquid jet on the basis of a hydraulic working pressure of e.g. at least 30 bar, in particular at least 60 bar, in particular at least 80 bar, in particular at least 100 bar is generated. Thus, the high pressure nozzle device differs from those already used in pusher centrifuges washing and or cleaning nozzles, in contrast to the low pressure (in the range of normal water line pressure), e.g. less than 15 bar or less than 10 bar, work and the e.g. used for washing the adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum filter cake with a liquid, in which case, however, no active immediate removal of the filter cake from the inner peripheral surface of the filter drum is desired, so that you must not work with a high pressure fluid nozzle.
    The respective air nozzle and / or the respective liquid nozzle is e.g. a perforated nozzle or an extended-nip nozzle with a gap longitudinal direction, optionally extending the gap longitudinal direction of the air nozzle and / or the liquid nozzle at an angle of less than 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the filter drum, further optionally substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter drum. The respective extended nip nozzle has e.g. a, e.g. constant, width in the range of 0.2 mm to 1 mm, optionally in the range of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm.
    The respective air jet and / or the respective liquid jet can e.g. be directed with respect to the longitudinal axis of the filter drum in a jet longitudinal inclination in the direction of the thrust floor (axially) inclined, optionally the beam longitudinal inclination angle is less than 90 ° to the longitudinal axis, optionally with the beam longitudinal inclination in the range less than 90 ° and greater than or equal to 45 °, 60 ° 70 ° to the longitudinal axis.
    The respective air jet and / or the respective liquid jet can e.g. with respect to that drum diameter line passing through the air nozzle exit point, be inclined at a beam bank angle (in the circumferential direction of the filter drum), optionally with beam bank angle less than or equal to 45 °, 30 °, 20 °, 15 °, 10 ° or 5 ° is.
    The pneumatic nozzle device and / or the high pressure hydraulic nozzle device is / are associated with its associated air nozzle (s) or its associated liquid nozzle (s), e.g. arranged adjacent to the filter drum inner peripheral surface. The air nozzle (s) and / or the liquid nozzle (s) of the pneumatic nozzle device (s) is / are e.g. at a distance of less than or equal to 300 mm, 250 mm, 200 mm, 150 mm, 100 mm, 60 mm, 50 mm or 30 mm from the inner peripheral surface (e.g., defined by the inner circumferential surface of the filter means) of the filter drum.
    The pusher centrifuge may further be provided with a control device which is connected to the pneumatic nozzle device and / or with the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device and which is connected to a rotary drive device (drive motor), of which the filter drum 3 is rotatably driven, and optionally connected to an axial displacement device (axial displacement mechanism or longitudinal displacement mechanism) from which the pusher bottom or body is periodically reciprocally movable (or the pusher bottom and the at least one drum body are axially reciprocally movable relative to each other) the control device is arranged such that by means of the control device, the rotational speed of the filter drum and optionally the periodic reciprocating movement of the moving floor or the inner drum body (or the relative reciprocating movement of the moving floor and the at least one Trommelkör pers) and the operation of the pneumatic nozzle device and / or the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device in coordination with each other are controllable.
    According to one aspect, there is provided a method of operating a pusher centrifuge as claimed herein. The method according to the invention therefore comprises i.a. automatic discharge of a filter cake adhering to the filter drum inner peripheral surface and optionally automatic cleaning of the filter drum inner peripheral surface (eg including cleaning of the drainage region) by applying one or more jets of air and optionally liquid jets successively or simultaneously along substantially the entire inner length of the filter drum or along a portion of the inner length against the Filter drum inner peripheral surface by means of the pneumatic nozzle device or by means of the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device, wherein, for example at the same time the filter drum is rotated at a lower speed compared to the speed in normal filter operation, and wherein e.g. the walking floor and the at least one drum body and / or e.g. the outer drum body and the inner drum body are reciprocated axially relative to each other.
    The air jets and / or the jets of liquid may e.g. be generated or provided in a manner as explained above. The method may e.g. be performed automatically at regular intervals, or the method may e.g. depending on the thickness of the filter cake detected by the above-explained sensor (sensor device), and / or e.g. if the filter drum exceeds a predetermined unbalance level and / or e.g. if the residual moisture of the discharged filter cake exceeds a predetermined value and / or if e.g. the filtration performance (e.g., flow rate and / or flow rate through a screen of the filter drum) is less than a predetermined value, is automatically started by a control device. However, the method can be used e.g. also be started manually if necessary and then be carried out under the control of the controller.
    Further developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
    The method may e.g. further comprising (automatically) discharging (from the filter drum) a filter cake adhered to the filter drum inner peripheral surface by exclusively applying one or more air jets successively or simultaneously along substantially the entire inside length of the filter drum or along a portion of the inside length against the filter drum inner peripheral surface by means of the pneumatic nozzle device and / or (a) automatic cleaning of the filter drum inner circumferential surface by exclusive application of one or more liquid jets successively or simultaneously along substantially the entire inner length or along a portion of the inner length of the filter drum against the filter drum inner peripheral surface by means of the pneumatic nozzle device. In this context, the term "exclusively" means the use of only one of the pneumatic nozzle device or the high-pressure hydraulic device, although it is not excluded that at the same time also any other removal and / or cleaning devices (as explained above) still to be applied. It is e.g. also possible, in total (ie with regard to any cleaning device) successively by applying one or more air jets successively or simultaneously along substantially the entire inner length of the filter drum or along a portion of the inner length against the Filtertrommelinnenumfangsfläche by means of the pneumatic nozzle device (a) automatic discharging (off the filter drum) of a filter cake adhering to the filter drum inner peripheral surface and / or entirely exclusively by applying one or more liquid jets successively or simultaneously along substantially the entire inside length of the filter drum or along a portion of the inside length against the filter drum inner peripheral surface by means of the pneumatic nozzle device Cleaning the filter drum inner peripheral surface to achieve.
    In the method, e.g. the automatic discharge of a filter cake adhering to the filter drum inner peripheral surface comprises axial movement of an air jet to the drum inner wall of the pneumatic nozzle device and / or automatic cleaning of the filter drum inner circumferential surface can be an axial process of a liquid nozzle of the hydraulic jet applying a liquid jet to the filter drum inner circumferential surface Have high-pressure nozzle device.
    In the method, e.g. the air jet (s) are successively or simultaneously applied against the filter drum inner peripheral surface along a path substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter drum and / or the liquid jet (s) may successively or simultaneously along the trajectory substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter drum against the filter drum inner peripheral surface be applied.
    In automatic dispensing and / or automatic cleaning, the filter drum may e.g. be rotated so that the centrifugal load generated by the rotation of the filter drum is less than or equal to 5 g, in particular less than 3 g, in particular less than 1 g, optionally less than 0.5 g, where g is the gravitational acceleration, and / or can at automatic discharge and / or automatic cleaning of the filter drum eg be rotated in such a way that the outer peripheral speed of the filter drum is less than or equal to 10 m / s, in particular less than or equal to 5 m / s, in particular less than or equal to 2 m / s, optionally less than 1 m / s, and / or may be at automatic discharge and / or or during automatic cleaning eg the filter drum can be rotated at a speed of less than or equal to 200 rpm (revolutions / minute), optionally less than or equal to 150 rpm, optionally less than or equal to 100 rpm, optionally less than or equal to 70 rpm.
    In automatic discharging and / or automatic cleaning, moreover, the inner drum may e.g. with a frequency greater than or equal to 1.2 Hz back and forth (72 reciprocating movements per minute).
    In the case of the use of an axially displaceable air nozzle and / or an axially displaceable liquid nozzle / these are / these automatic discharge and / or automatic cleaning, for example, with an axial velocity of less than or equal to 10 mm / s, optionally less than or equal to 5 mm / s, optionally less than or equal to 3 mm / s moved axially, while compressed air or high-pressure liquid is simultaneously dispensed during the movement of the respective nozzle to achieve the discharge or Cleaning process.
    The invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. In the drawings show:<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> is a schematic sectional side view of a pusher centrifuge according to one aspect of the invention,<Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> is a front view of the pusher centrifuge of FIG. 1 as viewed in the direction of the arrow A of FIG. 1,<Tb> FIG. 3 <SEP> a detail section of the pusher centrifuge of Fig. 1,<Tb> FIG. 4 <SEP> a detail section of the pusher centrifuge of FIG. 1,<Tb> FIG. 5 <SEP> a detail section of the pusher centrifuge of FIG. 1,<Tb> FIG. 6 <SEP> a detail of the pusher centrifuge of FIG. 1,<Tb> FIG. 7 <SEP> is an example of a filter drum inner peripheral surface of the pusher centrifuge of FIG. 1 in a schematic, perspective, sectional view,<Tb> FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an air nozzle and / or nozzle according to one aspect of the pusher centrifuge of FIG. 1 and FIG<Tb> FIG. Fig. 9 is a schematic side sectional view of a pusher centrifuge according to another aspect of the invention.
    Across all figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same features.
    1 to 8, a pusher centrifuge 1 according to one aspect of the invention is shown in different views, details and operating conditions.
    1 to 8, the pusher centrifuge 1 on: a rotatable filter drum 3 with a longitudinal axis or drum central axis 5, with a filter drum inner peripheral surface 7 and with an outer drum body 9 and an inner drum body 11, the relative to each other axially (in Direction of the longitudinal axis 5 of the filter drum 3) are movable back and forth, and a push floor 13, which is arranged in the inner drum body 11 and with the outer drum body 9 axially fixed to itself through the push floor 13 extending rods 15 is connected. The pusher centrifuge 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 8 has a two-stage design. However, the pusher centrifuge 1 can also be formed in one stage only with one drum body or in three stages with three drum bodies or with even more stages and a corresponding number of drum bodies.
    The pusher centrifuge further comprises: a pneumatic nozzle device 17 and a high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19 (see Figs. 2 and 9), from which pneumatic nozzle device 17 in a controlled manner via an associated (single) air nozzle 21 a (single 4) is dispensable in the direction of the filter drum inner peripheral surface 7 or can be applied against the filter drum inner peripheral surface 7 and of which hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device 19 in a controlled manner via an associated (individual) liquid nozzle 25 a (single) liquid jet 27 (see Fig. 5) in the direction of the filter drum inner peripheral surface 7 can be dispensed or applied against the filter drum inner peripheral surface 7.
    The pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19 and thus the air nozzle 21 and liquid nozzle 25 are axially displaceable in the longitudinal or axial direction of the filter drum 3 (in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 of the filter drum 3) that the air nozzle 21 and the liquid nozzle 25 (substantially) from a filter drum bottom end 29 of (or adjacent thereto), which here from the sliding floor 13 (or from the axial position of the sliding floor 13) is defined, to (or to the adjacent filter drum axial end or filter drum discharge end 31 are axially displaceable (see arrows PD and HD in Figures 4 and 5, respectively). Thus, the air jet 23 or liquid jet 27 (within the scope of the axial displacement of the associated air nozzle 21 or the associated liquid nozzle 25) which can be generated by the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19 can be successively conveyed along substantially the entire inner length (in the direction seen the longitudinal axis 5) of the filter drum 3 are applied against the filter drum inner peripheral surface 7. Thus, by simultaneously rotating the filter drum 3, substantially any location of the inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 3 can be successively reached by the air jet 23 and the liquid jet 27 to achieve the discharging and / or cleaning functions as explained below. The axial displacement can also be such that only a predetermined portion of the inner length of the filter drum 3 is acted upon by the air jet 23 and the liquid jet 27, so that accordingly only a portion of the filter drum inner peripheral surface 7 successively from the air jet 23 and the liquid jet 27 are achieved.
    According to the present aspect, the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the hydraulic high pressure nozzle device 19 are each in the form of a hollow rod 33, 35 formed (see also Fig. 4 and 5), which is axially displaceable (substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis the filter drum 3) extends through a respectively associated passage hole 37, 39 which is formed in a front-side housing wall 41 of a housing 43 of the pusher centrifuge 1, in which housing 43 the filter drum 3 is accommodated. The cavity in the respective hollow rod 33, 35 serves as an air or liquid line, via which the compressed air or the liquid under high pressure reaches the air nozzle 21 or the liquid nozzle 25.
    According to the present aspect, the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and its air nozzle 21 and the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device 19 and the liquid nozzle 25 are arranged adjacent to the inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 7, wherein the respective distance between the air nozzle 21 and Inner peripheral surface 7 or between the liquid nozzle 25 and inner peripheral surface 7, for example in a range of 20 mm to 50 mm.
    The filter drum 3 has a drum bottom 45 which is formed on the drum inside of the sliding floor 13, on the filter drum outside of a Aussentrommelkörperboden 47 and axially between the sliding floor 13 and the Aussentrommelkörperboden 47 of an inner drum body bottom 49.
    The filter drum 3 is supported by bearings 51, e.g. Rolling, about its longitudinal axis 5 rotatably mounted on the housing 43. For this purpose, the outer drum body bottom 47 of the filter drum 3 with a coaxial with the longitudinal axis 5 extending hollow shaft 53 fixed (at least rotationally fixed), which axially through a formed in a front-side housing rear wall 55 through opening 56 from the housing 43 (in which the filter drum 3 is received ), wherein between the housing rear wall 55 and the hollow shaft 53, a circumferential seal 57 is arranged, which prevents that in the housing 43 present, to be filtered material 59 can go outside. The bearings 51 of the filter drum 3 are arranged between the hollow shaft 53 and a bearing housing 50. In the hollow shaft 53 is a longitudinal displacement mechanism 61, e.g. in the form of a telescopic mechanism actuated by means of a drive hydraulics 63, which is fixedly or at least axially fixed to the inner drum body bottom 49 and from which the inner drum body 11 can be moved periodically back and forth (in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 of the filter drum 3).
    The pusher centrifuge 1 further comprises a drive motor 65, e.g. in the form of an electric motor, which is connected to the filter drum 3, here via the hollow shaft 53 to drive the filter drum 3 rotatably or to rotate.
    The pusher centrifuge 1 further comprises a control device 71 which is connected to the drive motor 65, the longitudinal displacement mechanism 61, the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19. In this way, by means of the control device 71, the periodic reciprocating movement of the inner drum body bottom 11 (and thus the periodic relative-to-and-fro movement between the at least one drum body (here the inner drum body 11) and the moving floor 13) Speed of the filter drum 3 and the operation of the pneumatic nozzle device 17 (eg, its longitudinal displacement and the timing of the application of the air jet) and the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device 19 (eg, its longitudinal displacement and the timing of the application of the air jet) are controlled in coordination with each other ,
    The pusher centrifuge 1 further comprises a supply line 81 for feeding the material 59 to be filtered, which e.g. a suspension material is in the filter drum 3 on. The feed line 81 terminates in a filling distributor device 83 arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 5 of the filter drum, which is arranged in the filter drum 3 adjacent to the sliding bottom 13 and from which the material 59 to be filtered is distributed into the filter drum 3.
    The outer drum body 9 and the inner drum body 11 each have a drum body inner peripheral surface 91, 93 (see Fig. 3-6), on which a respective filter means in the form of a filter or sieve 95, 97 rests, the inner peripheral surface in the operation of the pusher centrifuge 1 the Inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 3 is defined. The respective sieve 95, 97 may e.g. as shown in Fig. 8 in a perspective, cut-away view as a slotted screen and comprise: a beam 111, which is composed of rods 113 which extend parallel to each other in the circumferential direction of the inner drum body 9 and the outer drum body 11 and thus the filter drum 3 , and inside of the beam 111 parallel to each other arranged sieve bars 115 which extend in the longitudinal direction 5 of the filter drum 3 and which are arranged to form sieve gaps 117 between them closely adjacent to each other. The beam 111 is located on the inner peripheral surface 91, 93 of the (inner and outer) drum body 9, 11 of the filter drum 3. In the peripheral wall 9, 11 of the outer drum body 9 and the inner drum body 11 of the filter drum 3 are filtrate Passageways or filtrate passages 119 (eg filtrate bores) are formed, via which the filter 95, 97 passing material is removed, which is then discharged via a discharge port 121 from the housing 43 in which the filter drum 3 is received.
    Through the (sieve) column 117 between the screen bars 115 and by a drainage or transverse drainage area 130 (radially) between the screen bars 115 and the inner peripheral wall 91, 93 of the (outer and inner) drum body 9, 11th the filter drum 3, a drainage region 131 is formed, in which form and collect deposits, which at certain time intervals, eg should be removed as needed or at regular intervals.
    On the inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 3 forms (or accumulates) during the normal screening or filtering operation of the pusher centrifuge 1, a filter cake 141 by means of the screen 95, 97 from the material to be filtered 59 screened material. During the normal filter operation of the pusher centrifuge 1, this segregated or filtered-out material is discharged from the pusher centrifuge 1 via a solids outlet or a solids discharge device 151, the outlet inlet 153 of which is arranged at the outlet end or discharge end 31 of the filter drum 3. The screened material of the material 59 to be filtered is e.g. the material to be recovered for further processing.
    In order to improve the purity of the material to be recovered, e.g. in the filter drum 3, there is provided a washing nozzle device 161 having a washing nozzle 162 from which a washing liquid can be applied toward the inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 3 in the region of the inner drum body 11 to clean or wash the part of the filter cake 141 adhering to the inner drum body 11. The washer nozzle device 161 operates at low pressure, e.g. with less than or equal to 10 bar.
    Further, a cleaning nozzle device 163 may be provided in the filter drum 3, which has one or more cleaning nozzles and by means of which for cleaning the filter drum, a cleaning liquid is introduced into the filter drum 3, e.g. for watering the filter drum, which is then further distributed by rotating the filter drum 3 therein. The cleaning nozzle device 163 operates at low pressure, e.g. with less than or equal to 10 bar.
    In normal operation of the pusher centrifuge 1 (normal filter operation of the pusher centrifuge 1), such as e.g. 3, the material 59 to be filtered or screened is fed via the supply line 81 and the filling distributor device 83 to the inner drum body 11 of the filter drum 3 adjacent to the axially fixed moving floor 13, whereby a high speed of the filter drum 3 fluid and a Kleinpartikel- Part of the material to be filtered passes radially through the sieve 95, 97 and a large particle part of the material to be filtered 59 remains as a solid on the inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 3 and gradually stratified to the filter cake 141. By a continuous periodic axial reciprocating movement of the inner drum body 11 of the filter cake 141 is axially conveyed or pushed to the solids outlet 151. Via the washing nozzle 162 of the washing nozzle device 161, which is arranged on the axial end portion of the inner drum body 11 facing the outer drum 9, the filtered-out (solid) material is washed.
    During operation, the filter cake 141 is so thick (radial thickness) that the pusher centrifuge 1 due to the radial flow resistance through the filter cake 141 is usually no longer efficiently operated, so that the filter cake 141 should be removed.
    For removing and discharging the filter cake 141 from and out of the filter drum 3, e.g. according to this aspect of the pusher centrifuge 1, the pneumatic nozzle device 17 is used, e.g. exclusively the pneumatic nozzle device 17 used. For this purpose, e.g. the air nozzle 21 is applied to the filter drum bottom end 29 or to the filter drum bottom 45 or to the sliding bottom 13 in the filter drum 3 and then - from there on - the compressed air jet 23 applied to the inner peripheral surface 7 and to the adhering thereto filter cake 141, wherein the filter drum 3 is rotated at a substantially reduced speed as compared to the rotational speed during normal filtering operation, and wherein the axial reciprocating motion of the inner drum body 11 (and thus the axial relative reciprocation between the at least one drum body and the moving floor) eg also slower than normal filter operation. The air nozzle 21 is further provided e.g. moved very slowly axially out of the filter drum 3, i. in the longitudinal direction 5 of the filter drum 3 in the direction away from the filter drum bottom 45 or to the filter drum discharge end 31 of the filter drum 3 out.
    By this filter cake removal process or filter cake discharge process as described above, the filter cake 141 is detached from the inner peripheral surface 7 and discharged axially from the filter drum 3 and fed to the discharge device 151.
    The removal and / or discharge operation described above may be e.g. be performed automatically controlled by the control device 71 at regular intervals. However, it may also be provided a sensor, not shown, which detects the thickness of the filter cake and which is connected to the control device 71, wherein the control device 71 compares the detected thickness with a limit value and upon reaching the limit value, the removal or discharge Process starts.
    In the drainage region 131, which is formed by the sieve gaps 117 and the drainage space 130 between the sieve 95, 97 and the drum body inner peripheral surface 91, 93, deposits can accumulate, which can also contribute to an efficiency reduction.
    To remove these deposits, e.g. subsequent to the above-described method (operation) for automatically removing the filter cake 141, a process for automatically cleaning the inner peripheral surface 7 is started by the controller, which includes cleaning the drainage region 131 between the sieve 91, 93 and the drum body inner peripheral surface 91, 93 includes.
    For cleaning the inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 3 in this regard, e.g. According to this aspect of the pusher centrifuge 1, the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19 is used, e.g. exclusively the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device 17 used. For this purpose, e.g. the liquid nozzle 25 to the filter drum bottom end 29 and to the filter drum bottom 45 and pushed to the bottom 13 in the filter drum 3 (axially) and then applied from there to the high-pressure liquid jet 27 on the inner peripheral surface 7, wherein the filter drum 3 is rotated at a significantly reduced speed compared to the rotational speed during normal filtering operation, and wherein the axial reciprocating motion of the inner drum body 11 (and thus the axial relative reciprocation between the at least one drum body and the walking floor ) eg also slower than normal filter operation. The fluid nozzle 25 is further used e.g. moved very slowly axially out of the filter drum 3, i. in the longitudinal direction 5 of the filter drum 3 in the direction away from the drum base 45 or to the filter drum discharge end 31 of the filter drum 3 out.
    By this operation, the inner peripheral surface 7, including the drainage portion 131, cleaned, after which the normal filter operation can be restarted.
    In addition, the low-pressure cleaning device 163 may still be used for cleaning, which however may be omitted altogether.
    Furthermore, an external low-pressure cleaning device 171 arranged on the outside of the radial filter drum can additionally be used, which, e.g. Low pressure (e.g., less than or equal to 10 bar) cleaning fluid is externally applied to the drum peripheral wall of the filter drum 3 (for watering the filter drum 3). Also, the external low pressure cleaning device 171 may be e.g. omitted or omitted.
    The pusher centrifuge 1 is e.g. equipped with a machine frame 173 to be mounted on the floor, the machine frame 173 e.g. extends so axially on one side of the filter drum 3, that the filter drum 3 is supported only one side and accordingly, for example. directly below the filter drum 3 receiving housing 43 no frame portion of the machine frame 173 is located so that the housing 43 is formed from the machine frame 173 axially free cantilevered.
    Fig. 8 shows a possibility of forming an air nozzle 21 and / or one (eg the single or a respective) liquid nozzle 25 of a pneumatic nozzle device 17 or one (eg the single or a respective) high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19th the pusher centrifuge of Fig. 1. Thereafter, the nozzle 21, 25 is formed such that its jet 23, 27 inclined at an angle of inclination α of less than 90 ° and greater than or equal to 60 ° to the longitudinal axis 5 of the filter drum 3 axially in the direction of the filter drum bottom end 29 so that with the Beam 23, 27 in an improved manner, the corner between the drum bottom 45 and the peripheral wall of the filter drum 3 can be achieved.
    The air nozzle 21 and / or the liquid nozzle 25 may be an extended-nip nozzle or may be a hole or point nozzle. Other nozzle cross sections (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, etc.) are possible.
    9 shows a pusher centrifuge 1 according to another aspect, which is essentially the same as the pusher centrifuge 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 8, so that with regard to the structure and mode of operation of the pusher centrifuge 1 from FIG. 9 to the above description the pusher centrifuge of Fig. 1 to 8 is referenced and will be discussed below only on the differences.
    The pusher centrifuge 1 of Fig. 9 differs from that of Figs. 1 to 8 by the configuration of the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the hydraulic high pressure nozzle device 19, of which only one is shown.
    9, the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device 19 in the form of an axially fixed or only slightly axially movable nozzle register with a plurality of air nozzles 21 and liquid nozzles 25 are formed, of which, however, substantially each point one can be acted upon parallel to the longitudinal axis 5 of the filter drum 3 extending path with the associated air jets or liquid jets. (It is to be understood that the air jet and the liquid jet are conically widened in cross section after exiting the nozzle, so that even between the nozzles 21, 25 lying points of the inner peripheral surface 7 of the filter drum 3 are detected by the rays). Thus, when turning the filter drum 3, substantially any point of the inner circumferential surface 7 of the filter drum 3 can be detected by the beams.
    The nozzles 21, 25 of the respective nozzle device 17, 19 may be e.g. be arranged so that they simultaneously or successively from the filter drum bottom end 29 to the filter drum discharge end 31 out (for outputting the jet) are actuated.
    According to the aspects described herein, e.g. In the aspects of Figs. 1-9, in performing the removal and discharge, e.g. only the pneumatic nozzle device 17 (of eg the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19) and the inner circumferential surface 7 (including the drainage region 131) only the high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device 19 (eg of the pneumatic nozzle device 17 and the hydraulic High-pressure nozzle device 19) are used. Conversely, only the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device 19 for removal / discharge and only the pneumatic nozzle device 17 for cleaning the inner circumferential surface 7 can be used. One of the two nozzle devices 17, 19 (completely) can also be dispensed with or omitted, with the other one being used both for discharging / removing and for cleaning the inner peripheral surface 7 (including the drainage region 131). Furthermore, one of the nozzle devices 17, 19 in the form of an axially stationary or substantially fixed nozzle register according to FIG. 9 and the other of the nozzle devices 17, 19 in the form of an axially displaceable nozzle according to FIGS ,
    LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
    [0078]<Tb> 1 <September> pusher centrifuge<Tb> 3 <September> filter drum<Tb> 5 <September> longitudinal axis<Tb> 7 <September> filter drum inner circumferential surface<Tb> 9 <September> Foreign drum body<tb> 9 <SEP> peripheral wall<Tb> 11 <September> inner drum body<tb> 11 <SEP> Perimeter wall<Tb> 13 <September> Moving Floor<Tb> 15 <September> rods<tb> 17 <SEP> pneumatic nozzle device<tb> 19 <SEP> high-pressure hydraulic nozzle device<Tb> 21 <September> air nozzle<Tb> 23 <September> air jet<Tb> 25 <September> fluid nozzle<Tb> 27 <September> liquid jet<Tb> 29 <September> filter drum bottom end<Tb> 31 <September> filter drum-discharge<tb> 33, 35 <SEP> Hollow Bars<tb> 37, 39 <SEP> Through holes<tb> 41 <SEP> frontal housing wall<Tb> 43 <September> Housing<Tb> 45 <September> filter drum base<Tb> 47 <September> Foreign drum body floor<Tb> 49 <September> inner drum body floor<Tb> 51 <September> Bearings<Tb> 53 <September> hollow shaft<tb> 55 <SEP> front-side housing rear wall<Tb> 56 <September> through opening<Tb> 57 <September> peripheral seal<tb> 59 <SEP> material to be filtered<Tb> 61 <September> longitudinal displacement mechanism<Tb> 63 <September> Drive hydraulic<Tb> 65 <September> drive motor<Tb> 71 <September> controller<Tb> 81 <September> feed<Tb> 83 <September> Füllverteilereinrichtung<tb> 91, 93 <SEP> Drum body inner peripheral surface<tb> 95, 97 <SEP> Sieve<Tb> 111 <September> Beam<Tb> 113 <September> rods<Tb> 115 <September> screen bars<Tb> 117 <September> screening gaps<Tb> 119 <September> filtrate passages<Tb> 121 <September> Abführabschluss<tb> 130 <SEP> Cross-drainage area or drainage room<Tb> 131 <September> drainage area<Tb> 141 <September> cake<Tb> 151 <September> solids discharge / solid discharge device<Tb> 153 <September> outlet inlet<Tb> 161 <September> washer nozzle device<Tb> 162 <September> washing nozzle<Tb> 163 <September> cleaning nozzle device<Tb> 173 <September> machine frame
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. pusher centrifuge (1), comprisinga rotatable filter drum (3) having a longitudinal axis (5), a filter drum inner peripheral surface (7) and at least one drum body (9, 11), and a push floor (13) disposed in the filter drum (3), the moving floor (13) and the at least one drum body (9, 11) are axially reciprocable relative to each other, and havinga pneumatic nozzle device (17), from which one or more associated air jet (s) (23) along the longitudinal axis (5) of at least adjacent an axial filter drum bottom end (29) of the filter drum (3) to at least adjacent to an opposite axial drum Outlet end (31) of the filter drum (3) or along the longitudinal axis (5) along a portion of the inner length of the filter drum (3) against the Filtertrommelinnenumfangsfläche (7) can be applied and which is arranged, that the respective associated air jet (23) Based on an air working pressure of at least 4 bar is generated in order thereby to blow off filter cake (141) adhering to the filter drum inner circumferential surface (7) from the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7),and ora hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device (19) from which one or more associated Flüssigkeitsstrahl / s (27) along the longitudinal axis (5) of at least adjacent an axial filter drum bottom end (29) of the filter drum (3) to at least adjacent to an opposite axial Drum outlet end (31) of the filter drum (3) or along the longitudinal axis (5) along a portion of the inner length of the filter drum (3) against the Filtertrommelinnenumfangsfläche (7) can be applied and which is arranged such that the respective associated liquid jet ( 27) is generated based on a hydraulic working pressure of at least 15 bar to thereby radiate away from the filter drum inner circumferential surface (7) adhering to the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7), the filter cake (141).
    [2]
    2. pusher centrifuge (1) according to claim 1,optionally wherein the pneumatic nozzle device (17) is arranged such that the air jet (s) (23) can be applied successively or simultaneously against the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7) along a path substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (5) of the filter drum (3),and where appropriate the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device (19) is set up such that the liquid jet (s) (27) successively or simultaneously along a path substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (5) of the filter drum (3) against the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7) can be applied / are.
    [3]
    3. pusher centrifuge (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein optionally the pneumatic nozzle device (17) is arranged such that the respective associated air jet (23) based on an air working pressure of at least 6 bar, in particular at least 8 bar is generated.
    [4]
    4. pusher centrifuge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein optionally the hydraulic high pressure nozzle device (19) is arranged such that the respective associated liquid jet (27) based on a hydraulic working pressure of at least 30 bar, in particular at least 60 bar, in particular at least 80 bar, is generated.
    [5]
    5. pusher centrifuge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein optionally the pneumatic nozzle device (17) and optionally the hydraulic high pressure nozzle device (19) at least one, in particular only one air nozzle (21) for discharging the air jet (23 ) or at least one, in particular only one liquid nozzle (25) for dispensing the liquid jet (27), which respective air nozzle (21) or respective liquid nozzle (25) is axially movable relative to the filter drum (3).
    [6]
    6. pusher centrifuge (1) according to claim 5, wherein optionally the at least one air nozzle (21) and optionally the at least one liquid nozzle (25) is an extended-nip nozzle with a gap longitudinal direction.
    [7]
    7. pusher centrifuge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein optionally the respective air jet (23) and optionally the respective liquid jet (27) with respect to the longitudinal axis (5) of the filter drum (3) in a beam longitudinal inclination angle (α) in the direction of Sliding bottom (13) is directed inclined, wherein the beam longitudinal inclination angle (α) is less than 90 ° to the longitudinal axis (5).
    [8]
    8. pusher centrifuge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a control device (71) which is optionally connected to the pneumatic nozzle device (17) and optionally to the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device (19) and with a rotary drive device ( 65), from which the filter drum (3) is rotatably driven, is connected, wherein the control device (71) is arranged such that by means of the control device (71) the speed of the filter drum (3) and the operation of the pneumatic nozzle device (17 ) and optionally the hydraulic high pressure nozzle device (19) are controllable in coordination with each other.
    [9]
    9. pusher centrifuge according to claim (8), wherein the control device (71) with an axial drive device (61), of which the at least one drum body (9, 11) and the sliding floor (6) are axially periodically reciprocally movable relative to each other, is connected, wherein the control device (71) is arranged such that the periodic relative reciprocation between the moving floor and the at least one drum body (9, 11) and the operation of the pneumatic nozzle device (17) and optionally the Hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device (19) in coordination with each other are controllable.
    [10]
    10. A method for operating a pusher centrifuge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9,optionally with automatic blowing away by means of the pneumatic nozzle device (17) and, if appropriate, automatic path-blasting by means of the hydraulic high-pressure nozzle device (19) of a filter cake (141) adhering to the drum inner peripheral surface (7) from the inner circumference of the drumby applying one or more optionally air jets (23) and possibly liquid jets (27) successively or simultaneously along substantially an entire inner length or along a portion of the inner length of the filter drum (3) against the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7).
    [11]
    11. The method according to claim 10, whereinoptionally, the automatic blowing away of a filter cake (141) adhering to the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7) has an axial displacement of an air jet (21) of the pneumatic nozzle device (17) applying an air jet (23) to the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7)and optionally wherein the automatic sweeping of a filter cake (141) adhering to the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7) comprises an axial movement of a liquid nozzle (25) of the hydraulic high pressure nozzle device (19) applying a liquid jet (27) to the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7).
    [12]
    12. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 11,optionally, the air jet (s) (23) being applied successively or simultaneously along the path substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (5) of the filter drum (3) against the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7)and optionally wherein the liquid jet (s) (27) is successively or simultaneously applied against the filter drum inner peripheral surface (7) along a path substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (5) of the filter drum (3).
    [13]
    13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,optionally with the automatic blowing away and optionally during the automatic sweeping the filter drum (3) is rotated slower than in normal filter operation,and optionally where the automatic blowing away and optionally during automatic jetting the filter drum (3) is rotated so that the centrifugal load generated by the rotation of the filter drum (3) is less than 1 g, in particular less than 0.5 g, where g is the gravitational acceleration isand optionally during automatic blowing away and optionally during automatic removal, the filter drum (3) is rotated such that the outer peripheral speed of the filter drum (3) is less than or equal to 2 m / s, in particular less than 1 m / s,and optionally where the automatic blowing away and possibly during the automatic jetting the filter drum (3) with a speed of less than or equal 200 revolutions per minute, in particular less than 150 rev / min, in particular less than or equal to 100 rev / min, in particular less than 70 revolutions / min becomes.
    [14]
    14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein optionally during automatic blowing away and optionally during automatic sweeping the sliding bottom (13) and the at least one drum body (9, 11) relative to each other periodically moved axially back and forth.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1972442B1|2012-05-16|Method and device for cleaning nozzles on a spray dampening unit
    EP1512450A1|2005-03-09|Filter device
    EP0654294A2|1995-05-24|Process and apparatus for the filtration of solid particles from liquids and the backwashing of the filter
    DE202010001758U1|2011-06-09|screw press
    EP3429770A1|2019-01-23|Device and method for descaling a workpiece in motion
    CH705773B1|2016-12-30|A thrust centrifuge and method for operating a thrust centrifuge.
    DE19907067C2|2001-05-10|Separating device for the separation of solids from a liquid-solid mixture
    EP3226996B1|2019-08-14|Filter device, hydraulic system and backwashing method
    EP2075046B1|2012-11-28|Separation device
    DE102006018774B4|2008-07-10|Parts cleaning and separating machine
    EP3600765A1|2020-02-05|Water abrasive suspension cutting system and method for water abrasive suspension cutting
    EP2542327B1|2016-10-12|Method for cleaning filters
    EP2633918B1|2018-04-11|Thrust centrifuge and method for operating same
    DE102005048423B4|2007-10-04|Device for separating solids from liquid media
    DE102007055584C5|2016-10-06|Cleaning device and method for cleaning filters
    DE3620616A1|1987-01-02|DEVICE FOR IMPROVING SAND PROPERTIES
    DE202006007551U1|2006-08-31|Cleaning device for toner has sieve basket with expansion region of increasing cross section in front of funnel region
    DE20321862U1|2011-09-28|Filter device with a filter hose and a cleaning device for the filter bag
    EP3600766A1|2020-02-05|Water-abrasive-suspension cutting system
    EP3600767A1|2020-02-05|Water-abrasive-suspension cutting system and method for water-abrasive-suspension cutting
    DE102016010377A1|2018-01-18|Device for treating material
    DE102010002874A1|2011-09-15|Device for cleaning tool receiver of tool change device before introducing tool cone into machine tool, has cleaning nozzles rotated in plane perpendicular to middle axis of tool receiver around two angles, respectively
    EP3600768A1|2020-02-05|Water-abrasive-suspension cutting system and method for water-abrasive-suspension cutting
    WO2018035620A1|2018-03-01|Device for removing particles from a working fluid of a machine
    CH712836A1|2018-02-28|Device for removing particles from a working fluid of a machine.
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102011055513A1|2013-05-23|
    CH705773A2|2013-05-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH312160A|1954-05-12|1955-12-31|Escher Wyss Ag|Multi-stage thruster.|
    DE2542916B2|1975-09-26|1980-08-07|Siebtechnik Gmbh, 4330 Muelheim|Two-stage pusher centrifuge|JP6673947B2|2018-01-17|2020-04-01|月島機械株式会社|Extrusion type centrifuge and method of operating the same|
    DE102019117721A1|2019-07-01|2021-01-07|Andritz Kmpt Gmbh|Pusher centrifuge|
    KR20210059957A|2019-11-18|2021-05-26|주식회사 엘지화학|Pressurizing centrifugal dehydrator|
    法律状态:
    2021-06-30| PL| Patent ceased|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE201110055513|DE102011055513A1|2011-11-18|2011-11-18|Push compressor has rotary filter drum with longitudinal axis, filter drum inner peripheral surface and drum body, where push floor is arranged in filter drum, and push floor and drum body are movable axially in back and forth direction|
    [返回顶部]