• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a rocker equipped with a timepiece, with inertia adjustment for adjusting its inertia and / or its balancing and / or oscillation frequency, comprising a bare rocker (1), and comprising an insert (7). ) attached in a housing (8) of a serge (5) connected to a hub (2) of the bare beam (1) by a connecting element (6). The bare balance (1) comprises at its serge (5) resilient holding means (10) comprising two opposing elastic lips (13) allowing, under stress, the insertion of the insert (7) in the housing ( 8), and prohibiting, released from the constraint, its extraction out of the housing (8). The invention also relates to a balance spring and a timepiece incorporating such a balance equipped.
    公开号:CH705541B1
    申请号:CH00206/13
    申请日:2011-07-05
    公开日:2016-03-31
    发明作者:Daniel Mallet；Frédéric Tolle；Philippe Barthoulot；Emmanuel Graf；Philomème Berger；Pierre Cusin；Daniel Vicente
    申请人:Nivarox Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Field of the invention
    The invention relates to a method of producing a pendulum equipped for a timepiece, with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance and / or its frequency of oscillation, the equipped balance comprising on the one hand a bare beam itself comprising a hub arranged to cooperate with a balance shaft perpendicular to a balance plane, and a continuous or discontinuous peripheral serge connected to the hub by at least one connecting element, the equipped balance on the other hand comprising at least one insert, the bare balance comprising, at the periphery of the serge, at least one housing for receiving the at least one insert, the insert comprising additional profile guiding means complementary to means guide that the housing comprises.
    The invention also relates to a rocker equipped for a timepiece, with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance and / or its oscillation frequency, comprising on the one hand a bare beam having at less a housing with guide means, and secondly at least one insert having complementary guide means complementary profile to said guide means, the bare balance and / or the insert having elastic holding means arranged to allow the insertion of the insert into the housing in a first insertion position where the elastic holding means are under stress, and to prohibit the extraction of the insert from the housing in a second holding position where the means of elastic support are released from the constraint, the insert being insertable in a said housing by stress of said elastic holding means in the first position of ins ertion, the elastic holding means being releasable from the stress in the second holding position after complete insertion of each said insert in its said housing for holding the insert in the housing.
    The invention also relates to a sprung balance incorporating such a balance.
    The invention also relates to a timepiece incorporating such a sprung balance or such a pendulum.
    The invention relates to the field of regulating organs for timepieces, and particularly the balance or balance-spring.
    Background of the invention
    The accuracy of the gauges depends on the quality of their regulating organ, and obtaining very high oscillation frequencies, for example 10 Hz, to be compared to the usual frequencies of 2.5 to 4 Hz, can not be used. obtained only with the design of suitable regulating members, in particular with regard to the pendulum.
    Indeed, the energy to be provided, in the form of elastic torque of the spiral, for the maintenance of the oscillation is proportional to the product, on the one hand the inertia of the balance about its pivot axis, by the square of the frequency on the other hand. Thus, for example, at equal energy, the passage of a frequency from 4 Hz to 10 Hz results in about the division by 6 of the inertia. For a frequency of 4 Hz, a pendulum inertia of 12 mg.cm <2> is considered as good, such a balance typically having a diameter of 9 to 10 mm. Thus, a balance for use at 10 Hz must have a low value inertia, especially less than 2 mg.cm <2>.
    A rocker for use at 10 Hz must still, for optimal operation, be of minimum mass, especially less than 30 mg, so as to reduce friction in the bearings, so as to avoid disturbances of isochronism in the different positions of use.
    While being of low mass and inertia, the balance of a high frequency oscillator must still allow unbalance adjustment and a perfect balance, static and dynamic, and its construction must allow adjustment operations. and / or adjustment. It is therefore not possible to use conventional technologies, or even solutions of lightened pendulums such as spokes with spoke serge as described by the patent FR 1 275 357 in the name of Straumann, or by the patent FR 1 301 938 in the name of LIP. Indeed, their mass, even reduced, prohibits to obtain as low inertia as desired. Similarly, a titanium pendulum according to patent EP 1 562 087 in the name of MONTRES BREGUET SA, designed with a serge and titanium arms and reduced sections, remains of mass and inertia which are greater than that. which is desired for optimal operation.
    It is also sought a quality factor of the order of 500, so significantly higher than those of traditional oscillators where it is close to 220 to 280 for good quality watches. Such a quality factor can only be obtained by the combination of a spiral silicon or the like and a balance fulfilling the above conditions. Obtaining a high quality factor, combined with adjustment and adjustment possibilities, must, again, allow the elimination of the raquetterie.
    In addition, the mass of the assembly being limited, the number of components as small as possible is preferred.
    However, the micro-machinable materials, such as silicon, quartz, which are in principle made in finite dimensions, with very precise tolerances, as part of their production process, are not easily machinable a posteriori.
    There are various documents describing improvements to the pendulums. The document CH 343 904 A in the name of ROLEX WATCHES describes a balance serge comprising means of elastic retention, in the form of a slot, immobilizing an insert constituted by a feeder pin. WO 2008/080 570 A2 in the name of COMPLITIME SA discloses weights provided with slots for a frictional attachment. The document EP 1 351 103 A1 in the name of CHOPARD MANUFACTURE SA describes U-shaped elastic weights introduced in housings of the serge by elastic deformation. CH 345 600 A in the name of ROLEX WATCHES describes a split sleeve for maintaining and elastic tightening of a feeder. The document CH 261 431 A in the name of PATEK PHILIPPE presents control masses centered on tenons and immobilized by their own elasticity. The document CH 89 273 A in the name of PAUL DITISHEIM discloses non-prominent filling masses maintained by their own elasticity on the walls of a threaded cavity or not. The document CH 280 067 A in the name of PATEK PHILIPPE represents adjusting masses mounted elastically on tenon, with a center of gravity eccentric with respect thereto. It is therefore necessary, for regulating members made of such materials or incorporating at least one component in such a material, to have adjustment possibilities in frequency, and / or inertia, avoiding machining, and giving priority to the adjustment possibilities.
    Summary of the invention
    The inventive step was to create the conditions of a balance structure, including the hub, the serge, and the connecting elements between these two components, the lightest possible, away from the hub of the masses of the masses. if possible greater density than that of this structure, and to incorporate in this structure adjustment means for making adjustments and adjustments avoiding machining retakes.
    For this purpose the invention relates to a method of producing a balance equipped for a timepiece, with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance and / or its frequency of oscillation, the balance equipped on the one hand with a bare beam itself having a hub arranged to cooperate with a balance shaft perpendicular to a balance plane, and a continuous or discontinuous peripheral serge connected to the hub by at least one connecting element, the equipped balance wheel comprising on the other hand at least one insert, the bare balance having, at the periphery of the serge, at least one housing for receiving the at least one insert, the insert comprising additional profile complementary guide means to guide means that comprises the housing, according to claim 1.
    The invention also relates to a rocker equipped for a timepiece, with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance and / or oscillation frequency, this equipped balance comprising on the one hand a pendulum comprising at least one housing with guide means, and on the other hand at least one insert comprising additional profile guiding means complementary to said guide means, the rocker and / or the insert having elastic holding means arranged to allow, in a first insertion position where the elastic holding means are under stress, insertion of the insert into the housing, and to prohibit in a second holding position where the elastic holding means are released from the constraint, the extraction of the insert out of the housing, the insert being insertable into a said housing by stress of said elastic holding means in the first re insertion position, the elastic retention means being releasable in the second holding position after full insertion of each said insert in its said housing for maintaining the insert in the housing, according to claim 4.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the insert comprises elastic holding means arranged to allow, in a first insertion position where the elastic holding means are under stress, inserting the insert. in the housing, and to prohibit, in a second holding position where the elastic holding means are released from the constraint, the extraction of the insert out of the housing.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the insert is enclosed and enclosed between at least two flanges arranged to bear on either side of the serge and to be assembled to one another by means of permanent assembly so that the subassembly produced by the assembly of said two flanges has at most one degree of freedom in pivoting or translation relative to the serge.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the insert is arranged to have, after insertion into the balance, at least one visible surface made of a material capable of being micro-machined or to undergo a removal. of material by a laser.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the guide means and the complementary guide means are arranged to allow, in the second holding position, a mobility by translation and / or by pivoting the insert in the housing.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the elastic holding means are arranged to maintain the insert in the housing in an angular position of pivot relative to a pivot axis of the insert in the housing.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the elastic holding means comprise first resilient holding means and second elastic holding means all constituted by elastic lips, and in that the complementary guiding means insert are made in the form of a toothing on the periphery of the insert, which cooperates with ends of said elastic lips, whose directions are intersecting with each other.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the first elastic holding means, respectively the second elastic holding means, act as a retaining paw when the second elastic holding means, respectively the first elastic holding means, exert on the insert a torque tending to drive the insert pivotally, so as to achieve adjustment by adjusting double pawl in both directions of pivoting about a pivot axis that includes the insert.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the elastic holding means are arranged to control, under the effect of a force tending to move them away from the second holding position, a pivoting of the insert in the housing relative to a pivot axis of the insert in the housing.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the insert is constituted by a control screw or a splined shaft, which is movable between threaded sections of tracks, respectively notches or grooves, which are located face to face one of the other and carried by two opposing elastic lips, and which are arranged to immobilize after adjustment.
    The invention also relates to a sprung balance incorporating at least one such equipped balance, the serge is monobloc with the connecting element and the hub in a micro-machinable material, or silicon, or quartz, or one of their compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology ("Microelectromechanical systems" or microelectromechanical systems), or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process ("Roentgen-Lithography, Galvanoformung, Abformung" or microforming).
    The invention also relates to a timepiece incorporating at least one such sprung-balance, or at least one such equipped balance, whose serge is in one piece with the junction element and the hub in a micro-machinable material , or silicon, or quartz, or one of their compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology, or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process.
    The preferred use of silicon provides a very light and very rigid rocker structure, which can be dimpled in the junction zone between the hub and the serge. The postponement periphery of inserts, which can be equipped with screws, is favorable to obtaining a properly sized inertia despite the very low total mass of the balance. The adjustment and balancing functions are ensured and facilitated.
    Such a balance is perfectly suitable for good operation at the frequency of 10 Hz, and at frequencies above 10 Hz.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures in which:<tb> fig. 1 <SEP> represents, schematically, partially, and in section perpendicular to the axis of balance, a detail at the periphery of the serge of a first embodiment of equipped balance made according to the invention;<tb> fig. 2 <SEP> represents, in a similar manner to FIG. 1, a second variant of the invention;<tb> fig. 3 <SEP> represents, analogously to FIG. 1, a third variant of the invention;<tb> fig. 4 <SEP> represents, in a similar manner to FIG. 1, a fourth variant of the invention;<tb> fig. "SEP" represents, schematically and in perspective, a fifth variant of the invention;<tb> fig. 6 <SEP> represents, in a similar manner to FIG. 1, a detail of the fifth variant of FIG. 5;<tb> fig. 7 <SEP> shows schematically, partially, and in front view, a detail of a particular pendulum structure;<tb> fig. 8 <SEP> shows schematically, partially, and section passing through the axis of the balance, a detail of the fifth variant of FIG. 5;<tb> fig. 9 <SEP> represents, schematically, partially and in perspective, a sixth variant of the balance according to the invention;<tb> fig. 10 <SEP> shows, schematically, partially and in end view, the sixth variant of FIG. 9;<tb> fig. 11 <SEP> represents, schematically, partially and in front view, a balance equipped with the sixth variant;<tb> fig. 12 <SEP> shows, schematically, partially and in perspective, a seventh pendulum variant according to the invention;<tb> fig. 13 <SEP> shows, schematically, partially and in end view, the seventh variant of FIG. 12;<tb> fig. 14 <SEP> represents, schematically, partially and in front view, a balance equipped according to the seventh variant.
    Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
    The invention relates to the field of regulating organs for timepieces, and particularly the balance or balance-balance spring.
    The invention is particularly directed to the production of rockers for high oscillation frequencies, 10 Hz or more.
    Five non-limiting embodiments are shown in the figures.
    The invention relates to a method of producing a balance equipped with 100 for timepiece with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance and / or its oscillation frequency.
    This equipped balance 100 is a functional subassembly which comprises a bare balance 1 for timepiece, with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance and / or its frequency of oscillation. This bare balance 1 itself comprises a hub 2 arranged to cooperate with a shaft pivoting about a balance axis 3 perpendicular to a balance plane 4, and a peripheral serge 5 continuous or discontinuous. This serge 5 can indeed be discontinuous in the context of a search for relief. A serge 5 continues, as visible in FIG. 5, offers the advantage of good rigidity and good aerodynamics, and limits localized flexion by preventing any warping of the bare balance 1.
    This serge 5 is connected to the hub 2 by at least one junction element 6, which may consist of a continuous surface such as a perforated disk or not, or by one or more arms 20. The manufacture of an element of openwork junction 6, especially with cutouts, through or not, between ribs ensuring good triangulation, further reduces the weight of the balance.
    Preferably, in all the variants of all the embodiments described below, to obtain a balance with good performance, at an oscillation frequency of 10 Hz or more, the serge 5 is made so as to monoblock with the junction element 6 and the hub 2 in a micro-machinable material, or silicon, or quartz, or one of their compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology, or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process, including but not limited to nickel-base alloy or aluminum obtained by the "LIGA" process. The choice of silicon gives particularly good results and is the preferred solution.
    This equipped balance 100 further comprises at least one housing 8, located at the periphery of the serge 5 for receiving at least one insert 7.
    This equipped balance 100 also comprises at least one insert 7. Such an insert 7 is attached to or in the serge 5 at such a housing 8. This housing 8 comprises guide means 9. This insert 7 comprises complementary guide means 9A of complementary profile to these guide means 9.
    Preferably, this insert 7, or each of the parts which constitutes it, is made of a material which is denser than a first constituent material of the serge 5.
    According to the invention:this bare rocker 1 and / or this insert 7 of resilient holding means 10 are equipped to allow, in a first insertion position where the elastic holding means 10 are under stress, the insertion of this insert 7 into this housing 8, and to prohibit, in a second holding position where the elastic holding means 10 are released from the constraint, the extraction of the insert 7 out of the housing 8. Preferably, at least this housing 8 of the balance naked 1 comprises such elastic holding means 10 for holding such an insert 7 in this housing 8 after insertion into the latter. Preferably, these elastic means 10 comprise at least one elastic lip as visible in FIG. 2. And preferably these resilient means 10 comprise two elastic lips 13, 14 extending on either side of this insert 7 so as to exert on this insert 7 pairs of opposite direction, as can be seen in FIGS. 1, 3, and 12 to 14;inserting each insert 7 in a housing 8 by constraining the elastic holding means 10 in the first insertion position;the elastic holding means 10 are released from the constraint in the second holding position after complete insertion of each insert 7 into its housing 8.
    These elastic holding means 10 are thus arranged to allow the introduction of this insert 7 in its housing 8 and to prohibit its extraction, as shown in the figures. They are preferably constituted by clipping means and complementary clipping means, which, preferably, the assembly is irreversible.
    Preferably, the guiding means 9 and the complementary guiding means 9A are dimensioned to allow, in the second holding position, mobility by translation and / or by pivoting of the insert 7 in the housing 8.
    The mobility according to a degree of freedom in translation is illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 11.
    The mobility according to a degree of freedom in pivoting is illustrated by FIGS. 2-7. In this case, preferably, but not limited to, the guide means 9 and the complementary guide means 9A are substantially cylindrical, or are cylindrical.
    The invention thus makes it possible to constitute a rocker equipped 100 able to oscillate at high frequency, in particular greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and to allow adjustment operations or fine adjustment. This equipped balance 100 may have different architectures, depending on whether the elastic holding means 10 are chosen:at the level of the bare balance 1;at the level of the inserts 7;both at the level of the bare balance 1 on the one hand, and the inserts 7 on the other hand.
    In a particular embodiment, the rigid insert 7 is chosen, and the elastic holding means 10 are made in the serge 5 of the bare balance 1.
    In a first embodiment, the elastic holding means 10 are located on the bare beam 1. The insert 7 can then be, or rigid, or elastic.
    In an advantageous embodiment, at least one of the housings 8, which comprises the bare balance 1, comprises elastic holding means 10 for holding such an insert 7 in the housing 8 after insertion into the latter. Preferably, several of these housings 8, and more preferably all of them, comprise such elastic holding means 10, which can be arranged in different variants which will be described below. The properties of the silicon, when the bare balance 1 is made in this material, are particularly suitable for the execution of such elastic holding means 10 incorporated in the body of the bare balance 1.
    In a second embodiment, the elastic holding means 10 are located on the insert 7.
    The elastic holding means 10 are then made at the level or inserts 7, the equipped balance 100 then comprises a bare balance 1, which differs from that of the first mode, in that it comprises, at the periphery serge 5, at least one housing 8 for receiving at least one insert 7, and that this housing 8 does not necessarily comprise elastic holding means. Indeed, in this second embodiment, it is the insert 7 which comprises elastic holding means 10 for its retention in the housing 8 after insertion into the latter, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 7, where the insert 7 has a slot 16 which provides sufficient flexibility. This insert 7 thus constitutes an unbalanced split weight, because of the slot 16, and this configuration makes it possible to accommodate one part with the other, without forcing beyond the breaking limits of the bare balance 1, especially when the latter it is made of silicon or the like. This slot 16 is, again, advantageously used to receive the end of a tool for adjusting its pivoting relative to its pivot axis 17 in the housing 8.
    In a third embodiment, not shown in the figures, the elastic holding means 10 are made both at the level of the bare beam 1 on the one hand, and or the inserts 7 on the other hand. The insert 7 then comprises such elastic holding means 10, and the housing 8 also comprises elastic holding means 10 for holding the insert 7 in the housing 8 after insertion into the latter.
    In these three embodiments, the housing 8, the inserts 7, and the elastic holding means 10 may take different configurations, some preferred and not limiting configurations are described below.
    In a preferred manner, the elastic holding means 10 are produced in the serge 5 of the bare balance 1.
    In a first radial configuration, illustrated by the first variant of FIG. 1 or by the sixth variant of FIG. 11, the resilient holding means 10, preferably made in the serge 5, are dimensioned so as to hold the insert 7 in the housing 8 in a radial direction relative to the balance shaft 3, in particular for a setting radial of the insert 7.
    Preferably, as visible in FIG. 1, it ensures the maintenance of the insert 7 in this radial direction, the elastic holding means 10 still constituting active thrust means constituting a bearing surface 11 tending to push the insert 7 against at least one fixed or resilient abutment 12 which is fitted to the housing 8.
    In a second tangential configuration, illustrated by the second, third, fourth, fifth variant of FIGS. 2 to 7, the elastic holding means 10 are dimensioned to ensure insertion and / or maintenance of the insert 7 in the housing 8 in a direction tangential to the serge 5.
    In yet another configuration, the elastic holding means 10 are dimensioned so as to hold the insert 7 in the housing 8 at a time in a radial direction relative to the balance shaft 3 and in one direction. tangential to serge 5.
    In the first variant of FIG. 1, the insert 7 is slid radially by the outer diameter of the serge 5, for its insertion into the bare balance 1, and is held in place in the housing 8 by the elastic holding means 10 for radial and tangential retention . In an advantageous embodiment, the elastic holding means 10 are cut out into first resilient holding means 13 and second elastic holding means 14. These elastic holding means 10 are in the form of a double spring system and of clips, constituted here by a first elastic lip 13, which has a bearing surface 11 arranged to serve as a lower stop for the insert 7, and by a second elastic lip 14, the latter comprising a stop 12 arranged to serve The first resilient holding means 13 and the second elastic holding means 14 advantageously consist of elastic lips, preferably movable in non-parallel directions to one another, and in particular orthogonal directions. one to the other, which exert on the insert 7 pairs of opposite directions.
    In this first embodiment of FIG. 1, the insert 7 advantageously comprises at least one tapping, not shown in the figure, for receiving a regulating screw for adjusting and balancing the balance, this adjusting screw being movable radially in this tapping with respect to the axis 3 of the balance.
    In the second tangential configuration of embodiment is preferably dimensioned the housing 8 and the insert 7 so as to ensure insertion of the insert 7 in the housing 8 in a direction parallel to the balance shaft 3.
    The second embodiment of FIG. 2 presents this provision. The insert 7 is slid or driven axially, by the upper face or the lower face of the serge 5, in a cylindrical housing 8, which is formed in part by an elastic lip 13 also constituting the elastic holding means 10, forming spring and now the insert 7 in place. This insert 7 has an unbalance with respect to its pivot axis 17. This unbalance can come for example from a notch 15 made in the insert and remaining empty, then allowing the passage of a tool to perform an angular adjustment pivoting . But it can also come from the mounting of a reported component, of higher density than that of the insert 7, in such an indentation 15 or in a suitable housing.
    In a preferred embodiment, the elastic holding means 10 are dimensioned so as to hold the insert 7 in the housing 8 in an angular pivoting position with respect to a pivot axis 17 of this insert 7 in the housing. 8. Preferably, this pivot axis 17 of the insert is parallel to the balance shaft 3, this is the case of the variants of FIGS. 2 to 6.
    Advantageously, as visible in the third variant of FIG. 3, the elastic holding means 10 are arranged to control, under the effect of a force tending to move them away from the second holding position, a pivoting of the insert 7 in the housing 8 with respect to such an axis of 17. This insert 7 is preferably of the unbalance type, similar to that of the second variant of FIG. 2, but it has complementary guide means 9A made in the form of a toothing 18, which cooperates with the guide means 9, in particular constituted by a cylindrical bore, of the housing 8.
    In this third variant, the first elastic holding means 13, respectively the second elastic holding means 14, with which they constitute the elastic holding means 10, advantageously act as a retaining pawl when the second elastic holding means 14, respectively the first elastic holding means 13, exert on the insert 7 a torque tending to drive this insert 7 pivotally.
    [0066] Again, the first elastic holding means 13 and the second elastic holding means 14 are advantageously constituted by elastic lips, whose directions are intersecting to one another, and whose ends 13A, 14A, cooperate with the teeth 18 that the insert 7 carries at its periphery. This third variant makes it possible to carry out adjustment by means of a double ratchet adjustment in both pivoting directions about the pivot axis 17 of the insert 7. The first elastic holding means 13 and the second elastic holding means 14, in particular each consisting of an elastic lip, exert on the insert 7 pairs of opposite directions.
    Such an embodiment of the insert 7 with a peripheral toothing 18 is naturally usable in the other variants, because it facilitates the maintenance in a particular angular position.
    In a fifth variant shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, the insert 7 is clamped and enclosed between at least two flanges 7A and 7B, which are arranged to bear on either side of the serge 5, and to be assembled to one another by means of permanent assembly, for example driven, clipped, glued or the like, in the manner of a rivet, or a bolt, or the like, so that the subassembly produced by the assembly of these two flanges 7A and 7B have at most one degree of freedom in pivoting or in translation relative to the serge 5. This embodiment prevents the insert 7 to separate from the serge 5 of the bare balance 1. It is still possible to make the insert 7 in at least two complementary parts in the manner of these flanges 7A and 7B.
    In a particular embodiment combinable with the second, third, fourth, variants of FIGS. 2 to 4, all or part of the inserts 7 that includes the equipped balance 100 is made in the form of inserts 7 in two parts 7A and 7B as described above.
    So as to reserve further fine adjustment possibilities, it is advantageously carried out as shown in FIG. 5, preferably the insert 7 so as to have, after insertion into the bare balance 1, at least one visible surface, which is made of a material capable of being micro-machined or to undergo a removal of material by a laser . Indeed, it must be possible to achieve balancing by adjusting the unbalance on the one hand, and correct the inertia on the other hand, and especially adjust very precisely the frequency of the oscillator. Balance balancing is an important operation, for which we seek a high balancing accuracy, of the order of one microgram x cm.
    Advantageously, each insert 7 is profiled in a particular way, so as to allow, separately or at the same time:balancing facilitated by the existence of at least one plane surface, which is constituted either by a so-called parallel flat surface, which is parallel to the balance plane 4, or by a flat end surface which is perpendicular to the balance plane 4 and a radial end of the balance shaft 3. The same insert 7 may comprise both one or more parallel surfaces, and one or more end surfaces;a reduced aerodynamic drag, the insert 7 then including, in any section perpendicular to the plane 4 of the balance wheel and to a plane passing through the balance shaft 3, an aerodynamic profile radiated and / or sloping to reduce its friction in the air . In order to limit the aerodynamic drag, each insert 7 is preferably set back from a cylinder circumscribed in the serge 5, in any relative position of the parts which constitute, if necessary, this insert 7, which may advantageously comprise inserts, such as adjusting screws or the like.
    It is then easy to achieve balancing by milling or etching or other on one of these surfaces, or by adding material, especially by brazing, welding or plasma if the visible surface of the insert 7 is metallic.
    In a preferred embodiment, the joining element 6 consists of at least one arm 20. Through the use of silicon technology, such an arm can adopt any profile, including curve, or other. It may also include lightening, through or not, for example in the form of triangular pockets, which provide rigidity while allowing a significant weight loss. Fig. 5 shows an even-numbered version of arms diametrically opposed two by two.
    FIG. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment with an arm 20 having a perforated structure, in a mixed manner, with, separated by ribs 30, pockets 29 passing through the entire thickness of the connecting element 6, in particular the arm 20, and / or pockets 31 blind, not through, on only a part of the thickness of the connecting element 6, in particular the arm 20, for example a third, each separated from another similar blind pocket located on the other face of the arm 20 by a canvas of comparable thickness. The good triangulation performed allows a significant saving in mass, a conventional calculation by finite elements to size the ribs 30 which are essential to the mechanical strength and the resistance to twisting. Of course, the annular portion of the serge 5 can also be perforated similarly. It is the same if it is preferred a continuous junction element such as a disc or the like.
    For the purpose of additional relief, the serge 5 may comprise one or more cutouts, peripherals, or on the inner part of the serge 5.
    The first radial configuration of the invention, with insertion and radial adjustment of the insert 7 relative to the balance shaft 3, is further illustrated by a sixth variant, shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, where the insert 7 is constituted by a regulating screw 23 visible in FIG. 11. This adjusting screw 23 cooperates with sections of tapped tracks 21 and 21A, situated face to face of each other, substantially at the median plane 4A of the bare rocker 1. These sections of tapped tracks 21 and 21A are obtained, in a bare balance 1 preferably made of silicon, by creating a recess, of shape approaching that of a substantially circular profile groove, during the execution of two straight teeth 22 and 22A facing each other. The "deep reactive ion etching" (DRIE) method makes it possible to obtain either sloped bodies or remains in this form, which is preferred here because it allows, together with the making of resilient holding means in the form of at least one elastic lip 13, to hold by pinching the adjusting screw 23, whose thread 25 cooperates, in a conventional manner, with the progressive-tooth elements 28, respectively 28A , resulting from the preparation of the circular draft, in a direction of advance perpendicular to the plane 4A, which reproduce the elements of right teeth 21, respectively 21A. In sum, these toothing elements 28 and 28A correctly reproduce a truncated tapping. The choice of a regulating screw 23 in gold or the like, provided with an adjusting slot 24 or the like, allows precise adjustment. The tightening of this adjusting screw 23 in its housing 8 is achieved by the adapted dimensioning of the elastic lip 13, or of the lips if there are several, for example on either side of the housing 8.
    Regarding this sixth variant, the adjusting screw 23 may also be replaced by a splined shaft 40, which cooperates with notches or ridges 41 which then replace the toothing elements 28, 28A.
    This configuration is illustrated in the context of a seventh advantageous variant, which is shown in FIGS. 12 to 14. This seventh variant comprises at least one elastic lip on each side of the insert 40. These elastic lips are formed by slots 44, 45.
    Naturally this seventh variant can also adopt the configuration of the sixth variant with a regulating screw cooperating with toothing elements on either side, which are then carried respectively by these two elastic lips.
    It is notable that this splined shaft 40, or serrated or knurled, is not necessarily revolution. It may in particular have a square section, or a section having parallel faces in pairs.
    This solution of a corrugated insert or the like disposed between notched walls, at least one of which is an elastic lip, and preferably two notched or ridged walls are elastic lips, is particularly economical to produce.
    It is also possible to improve this sixth or seventh variant by a surface coating constituting a deformable layer allowing a plastic deformation, low elastic modulus, lower than that of the base material, in particular silicon or its compounds. Preferably, in combination with silicon or one of its compounds, the Young's modulus of this surface coating is chosen to be less than 8 GPa, and preferably less than 4 GPa. This deformable layer may especially consist of a polymeric layer deposited in the gas phase.
    This surface coating must be chosen for its good affinity with the base material, in particular silicon and silicon compounds, and can be used to directly form a housing 8 for an insert 7 or a control screw 23 .
    The invention also relates to a sprung balance incorporating at least one such bare balance 1, or at least one such equipped balance 100, according to any one of the embodiments and any one of the variants presented above. .
    The invention also relates to a timepiece incorporating at least one such sprung balance, or at least one such bare balance 1 or at least one such equipped balance 100.
    The use of silicon allows dimensioning in diameter substantially greater than one would, at similar inertia, with a balance of traditional invoice. The good elasticity of the silicon is particularly advantageous for the realization of the elastic holding means 10 of the invention.
    The choice of silicon, in particular, allows the realization, in the serge 5, elastic holding means 10, in particular in the form of elastic lip 13 or 14. In the same way, stop means in the form of ratchets can be combined with such blades or springs made in the silicon serge.
    This choice of silicon or alloys obtained by the "LIGA" method, or generally derived from MEMS technology, allows, by the excellent resolution during shaping, to ensure a very precise geometry of the serge 5, and thus avoid all games generating vibrations and detrimental to the proper functioning of the oscillator.
    The choice of silicon allows moreover to insert the pendulum engravings, decorations, and perform a surface patterning.
    Preferably, each part of each insert 7, and / or each adjusting screw 23, is made of a material, which is a heavy metal, or beryllium bronze, or gold or platinum or tantalum or molybdenum, or one of their oxides or their nitrides, or one of their alloys, or one of the complexes developed on their bases.
    It is possible, thanks to the invention, to achieve a quality factor measured at an oscillator incorporating a spiral silicon and a balance or a pendulum equipped according to the invention, is close to 500.
    The combination between on the one hand this high quality factor, and on the other hand the possibilities of adjustment and adjustment offered by the inserts, which, in addition to their own adjustment functions, perform a new function, which is to serve as a machining platform for adding or removing material in the balancing and frequency adjustment adjustment operations, allows the elimination of the racking.
    The design of the balance allows a very precise adjustment of the oscillation frequency of the sprung balance in which it is integrated. The adjustment and adjustment of the balance are very precise, and allow the balance to be used in a high frequency oscillator, 10 Hz or more.
    The goals that proposed to achieve the invention are thus perfectly achieved.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    1. A method of producing a pendulum equipped (100) for a timepiece, with inertia adjustment for adjusting its inertia and / or its balancing and / or oscillation frequency, the equipped balance (100) comprising firstly a bare rocker (1) itself comprising a hub (2) arranged to cooperate with a rocker shaft (3) perpendicular to a rocker plane (4), and a peripheral band (5) continuous or discontinuous connected to the hub (2) by at least one connecting element (6), and the equipped balance (100) further comprising at least one insert (7), the bare balance (1) having, on the periphery of the serge (5), at least one housing (8) for receiving the at least one insert (7), the insert (7) having complementary guide means (9A) of complementary profile to guide means (9). ) that comprises the housing (8), and according to which method:The bare rocker arm (1) and / or the insert (7) are equipped with elastic holding means (10) arranged to allow, in a first insertion position where the elastic holding means (10) are under stress, inserting the insert (7) into the housing (8), and to prevent, in a second holding position where the elastic holding means (10) are released from the stress, extracting the insert ( 7) out of the housing (8);Inserting each insert (7) in such a housing (8) by forcing the elastic holding means (10) into the first insertion position;The elastic holding means (10) are released from the constraint in the second holding position after complete insertion of each insert (7) into its housing (8),characterized in that the elastic holding means (10) is dimensioned so as to hold the insert (7) in the housing (8) in an angular position of pivoting with respect to a pivot axis (17) of the insert (7) in the housing (8), and in that the elastic holding means (10) are cut into first resilient holding means (13) and second elastic holding means (14), the first elastic holding means (13), respectively the second elastic holding means (14), acting as a retaining pawl when the second elastic holding means (14), respectively the first elastic holding means (13), exert on the insert (7) a torque tending to drive the insert (7) pivotally.
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bare balance arm (1) and the insert (7) of such elastic holding means (10).
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insert (7) and the elastic holding means (10) of the naked beam (1) are produced in the serge (5) of the naked beam (1). , and that the serge (5) is made integrally with the junction element (6) and the hub (2) in a micro-machinable material, or silicon, or quartz or one of their compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology, or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process.
    [4]
    4. Equipped balance (100) for timepiece, with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance and / or oscillation frequency, comprising on the one hand a bare balance (1) comprising at least a housing (8) with guide means (9), and on the other hand at least one insert (7) comprising complementary guide means (9A) of profile complementary to that of the guide means (9), the balance nu (1) and / or the insert (7) comprising elastic holding means (10) arranged to allow insertion of the insert (7) in the housing (8) in a first insertion position where the elastic holding means (10) are under stress, and to prevent the extraction of the insert (7) from the housing (8) in a second holding position where the elastic holding means (10) are released from the constraint , the insert (7) being insertable in such a housing (8) by constraint elast holding means (10) in the first insertion position, the elastic holding means (10) being releasable from the stress in the second holding position after complete insertion of each insert (7) in its housing (8) for the maintenance of the insert (7) in the housing (8), characterized in that the bare balance (1) is produced by means of the method according to one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises elastic means (10) comprising at least first elastic holding means (13) and second elastic holding means (14), constituted by elastic lips and extending on either side of the insert (7) so as to exert on the insert (7) couples in opposite directions.
    [5]
    5. equipped balance (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the insert (7) is clamped and enclosed between at least two flanges (7A; 7B) arranged to bear on either side of the serge ( 5) and to be assembled to one another by means of permanent assembly, so that the subassembly produced by the assembly of said two flanges (7A; 7B) has at most one degree of freedom in pivoting or translation relative to the serge (5).
    [6]
    6. equipped balance (100) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the insert (7) is arranged to have, after insertion into the bare beam (1), at least one visible surface formed in a material capable of being micro-machined or to undergo a removal of material by a laser.
    [7]
    7. equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the elastic holding means (10) are arranged to maintain the insert (7) in the housing (8) in a angular position of pivoting relative to a pivot axis (17) of the insert (7) in the housing (8), and in that the complementary guiding means (9A) of the insert (7) are made under the shape of a toothing (18) at the periphery of the insert (7), which cooperates with ends (13A; 14A) of the elastic lips (13, 14), the directions of which are intersecting with each other .
    [8]
    8. equipped balance (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that the first elastic holding means (13), respectively the second resilient holding means (14) act as retaining pawl when the second elastic holding means (14), respectively the first elastic holding means (13), exert on the insert (7) a torque tending to drive the insert (7) pivotally, so as to achieve adjustment by double ratchet adjustment in the two pivoting directions about a pivot axis (17) that includes the insert (7).
    [9]
    9. equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the elastic holding means (10) are arranged to control, under the effect of a force tending to move them away from the second position holding, a pivoting of the insert (7) in the housing (8) relative to a pivot axis (17) of the insert (7) in the housing (8).
    [10]
    10. Equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the insert (7) is constituted by a control screw (23) movable between threaded sections of tracks (21, 21A) which are located opposite each other.
    [11]
    11. equipped balance wheel (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that the sections of tapped tracks (21, 21A) each comprise a recess, the shape of a substantially circular profile groove formed during the execution of two straight teeth (22, 22A) facing each other.
    [12]
    12. equipped balance (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that the recess, combined with resilient holding means in the form of at least one elastic lip (13), holds by pinching the adjusting screw (23), a thread (25) cooperates with teeth elements of evolutive profile (28, 28A) from the making of the body and reproduce a truncated tapping.
    [13]
    13. Equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that the elastic holding means (10) are formed in the serge (5) of the bare beam (1) and arranged to ensure the maintenance of the insert (7) in the housing (8) in a radial direction relative to the balance shaft (3) for radial adjustment of the insert (7).
    [14]
    14. Equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that the guide means (9) and the complementary guide means (9A) are arranged to allow, in the second holding position, a mobility by translation and / or by pivoting of the insert (7) in the housing (8).
    [15]
    15. equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that the elastic holding means (10) are formed in the serge (5) of the bare beam (1) and arranged to ensure the maintenance of the insert (7) in the housing (8) in a radial direction relative to the balance shaft (3), the elastic holding means (10) still constituting active thrust means constituting a bearing surface (11) tending to push the insert (7) against at least one stop (12) elastic which is equipped with the housing (8).
    [16]
    16. Spiral balance incorporating at least one equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that the serge (5) is integral with the junction element (6) and the hub (2). in a micro-machinable material, or silicon, or quartz, or one of their compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology, or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process.
    [17]
    17. Timepiece incorporating at least one sprung balance according to claim 16, or at least one equipped balance (100) according to one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that the serge (5) is monobloc with the junction element (6) and the hub (2) in a micro-machinable material, or silicon, or quartz, or one of their compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology, or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    HK1185154A1|2014-02-07|
    EP2410386A1|2012-01-25|
    WO2012010410A1|2012-01-26|
    US20130188461A1|2013-07-25|
    CN103097966A|2013-05-08|
    KR101457312B1|2014-11-04|
    EP2596407A1|2013-05-29|
    JP5551313B2|2014-07-16|
    JP2013531258A|2013-08-01|
    EP2596407B1|2018-11-21|
    KR20130041912A|2013-04-25|
    CN103097966B|2014-09-17|
    US8944675B2|2015-02-03|
    EP2410386B1|2018-10-03|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP10170005.2A|EP2410386B1|2010-07-19|2010-07-19|balance wheel with inertia adjustment with insert|
    PCT/EP2011/061294|WO2012010410A1|2010-07-19|2011-07-05|Balance having inertia adjustment using an insert|
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